Bunin Ivan Alekseevich(1870-1953), prose writer, poet, translator. He was the first Russian winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature. He spent many years of his life in exile, becoming one of the main writers of the Russian diaspora.
Born in Voronezh into the family of an impoverished nobleman. I was unable to finish high school due to lack of money. Having only 4 classes at the gymnasium, Bunin regretted all his life that he did not receive a systematic education. However, this did not stop him twice
Receive the Pushkin Prize. The writer's older brother helped Ivan study languages and sciences, going through the entire gymnasium course with him at home.
Bunin wrote his first poems at the age of 17, imitating Pushkin and Lermontov, whose work he admired. They were published in the collection "Poems".
In 1889 he began working. In the newspaper "Orlovsky Vestnik", with which Bunin collaborated, he met the proofreader Varvara Pashchenko, and in 1891 he married her. They moved to Poltava and became statisticians in the provincial government. In 1891, the first collection of Bunin's poems was published. The family soon broke up. Bunin moved to Moscow. There he made literary acquaintances with Tolstoy, Chekhov, and Gorky.
Bunin's second marriage, with Anna Tsakni, was also unsuccessful; in 1905, their son Kolya died. In 1906, Bunin met Vera Muromtseva, married, and lived with her until his death.
Bunin's work gained fame soon after the publication of his first poems. The following poems by Bunin were published in the collections “Under open air"(1898), "Leaf Fall" (1901).
Dating with greatest writers leaves a significant imprint on Bunin's life and work. Bunin's stories are published " Antonov apples", "Pines". Bunin's prose was published in the Complete Works (1915).
The writer in 1909 became an honorary academician of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. Bunin reacted rather harshly to the ideas of the revolution, and left Russia forever.
Bunin moved and traveled almost all his life: Europe, Asia, Africa. But he never stopped practicing literary activity: “Mitya’s Love” (1924), “ Sunstroke"(1925), as well as the main novel in the writer's life - "The Life of Arsenyev" (1927-1929, 1933), which brings Bunin Nobel Prize in 1933. In 1944, Ivan Alekseevich wrote the story “ Clean Monday».
Before his death, the writer was often ill, but at the same time he did not stop working and creating. In the last few months of his life, Bunin was busy working on literary portrait A.P. Chekhov, but the work remained unfinished
Bunin always dreamed of returning to Russia. Unfortunately, the writer never managed to accomplish this before his death. Ivan Alekseevich Bunin died on November 8, 1953. He was buried in the Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois cemetery in Paris.
1870-1953 famous Russian writer and poet. Nobel Prize winner in literature, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. He lived in exile for many years, becoming a writer for the Russian diaspora.
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin belonged to the ancient noble family. Bunin himself noted that his family gave Russia “many prominent figures both in the field of government and in the field of art, where two poets of the last century are especially famous: Anna Bunina and Vasily Zhukovsky, one of the luminaries of Russian literature, the son of Afanasy Bunin...”.
The future writer spent his early childhood on a small family estate (Butyrki farm, Yelets district, Oryol province). At the age of ten, he was sent to the Yeletsk gymnasium, where he studied for four and a half years, was expelled (due to non-payment of tuition fees) and returned to the village. He received a home education, which was based primarily on passionate reading. Already in childhood, Bunin's extraordinary impressionability and sensitivity manifested itself, qualities that formed the basis of his artistic personality and evoked an image of the surrounding world hitherto unprecedented in Russian literature in its sharpness and brightness, as well as in its richness of shades. Bunin recalled: “My vision was such that I saw all seven stars in the Pleiades, with my hearing a mile away I could hear the whistle of a marmot in an evening field, I got drunk smelling the smell of lily of the valley or an old book.”
Bunin's poems were first published in 1888. Then Bunin moved to Orel, starting to work as a proofreader in a local newspaper. In 1891, his first book of poems was published. Bunin's poetry, collected in a collection called "Poems", became the first book published. Soon Bunin's work gained fame. Bunin's following poems were published in the collections “Under the Open Air” (1898), “Leaf Fall” (1901). In the last years of his life, Bunin created wonderful books memories.
Meeting the greatest writers (Gorky, Tolstoy, Chekhov, etc.) leaves a significant imprint on Bunin’s life and work. Bunin's stories "Antonov Apples" and "Pines" are published. Bunin's prose was published in the Complete Works (1915).
The writer in 1909 became an honorary academician of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg.
Bunin does not accept the revolution and leaves Russia forever.
In exile, Bunin travels around Europe, Asia, Africa and engages in literary activities, writing works: “Mitya’s Love” (1924), “Sunstroke” (1925), as well as the main novel in the writer’s life, “The Life of Arsenyev” (1927-1929 , 1933), which brought Bunin the Nobel Prize in 1933. In 1944, Ivan Alekseevich wrote the story “Clean Monday”.
By decision of the Swedish Academy on November 9, 1933, the Nobel Prize in Literature for that year was awarded to Ivan Bunin for the rigorous artistic talent with which he recreated literary prose typical Russian character.
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin brief information.
IN this material We will look at the biography of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin briefly: only the most important things from the life of the famous Russian writer and poet.
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin(1870-1953) - famous Russian writer and poet, one of the main writers of the Russian diaspora, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature.
On October 10 (22), 1870, a boy was born into the noble, but at the same time poor family of the Bunins, who was named Ivan. Almost immediately after birth, the family moved to an estate in the Oryol province, where Ivan spent his childhood.
Ivan received the basics of education at home. In 1881, young Bunin entered the nearest gymnasium, Yeletskaya, but was unable to graduate and in 1886 returned to the estate. His brother Julius helped Ivan with his education, he studied excellently and graduated from the university as one of the best in his class.
After returning from high school, Ivan Bunin became intensely interested in literature, and his first poems were published already in 1888. A year later, Ivan moved to Orel and got a job as a proofreader in a newspaper. Soon the first book was published with the simple title “Poems”, in which, in fact, the poems of Ivan Bunin were collected. Thanks to this collection, Ivan gained fame, and his works were published in the collections “Under the Open Air” and “Leaf Fall.”
Ivan Bunin was not only interested in poetry - he also wrote prose. For example, the stories “Antonov Apples”, “Pines”. And this is all for good reason, because Ivan was personally acquainted with Gorky (Peshkov), Chekhov, Tolstoy and others famous writers of that time. Ivan Bunin's prose was published in the collections " Complete collection works" in 1915.
In 1909, Bunin became an honorary academician of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg.
Ivan was quite critical of the idea of revolution and left Russia. All of him later life was on the move - not only on different countries, but also continents. However, this did not stop Bunin from doing what he loved. On the contrary, he wrote his best works: “Mitina’s Love”, “Sunstroke”, and also best novel"The Life of Arsenyev", for which he received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1933.
Before his death, Bunin was working on a literary portrait of Chekhov, but was often ill and was unable to complete it. Ivan Alekseevich Bunin died on November 8, 1953 and was buried in Paris.
Bunin Ivan Alekseevich (1870-1953), prose writer, poet, translator.
Born on October 22, 1870 in Voronezh into a well-born but impoverished noble family. Bunin spent his childhood partly in Voronezh, partly on an ancestral estate near Yelets (now in the Lipetsk region).
Absorbing traditions and songs from his parents and courtyard servants, he early discovered artistic abilities and rare impressionability. Having entered the Yelets gymnasium in 1881, Bunin was forced to leave it in 1886: there was not enough money to pay for training. The course at the gymnasium, and partly at the university, was completed at home under the guidance of his older brother, member of the People’s Will, Yuli.
Bunin published his first collection of poems in 1891, and five years later he published a translation of the poem by the American romantic poet G. Longfellow “The Song of Hiawatha,” which, together with the later collection of poems “Falling Leaves” (1901), brought him 1903 Pushkin Prize St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
In 1909, Bunin received the second Pushkin Prize and was elected an honorary academician. At the end of the 19th century. He increasingly comes forward with stories, at first similar to picturesque sketches. Gradually, Bunin became more and more noticeable both as a poet and as a prose writer.
Wide recognition came to him with the publication of the story “The Village” (1910), which shows contemporary to the writer rural life. The destruction of patriarchal life and ancient foundations is depicted in the work with a harshness that was rare at that time. The end of the story, where the wedding is described as a funeral, takes on a symbolic meaning. Following "The Village", based on family legends, the story “Sukhodol” was written (1911). Here the degeneration of the Russian nobility is depicted with majestic gloom.
The writer himself lived with a premonition of an impending catastrophe. He felt the inevitability of a new historical turning point. This feeling is noticeable in the stories of the 10s. "John the Weeper" (1913), "The Grammar of Love", "The Master from San Francisco" (both 1915), "Easy Breathing" (1916), "Chang's Dreams" (1918).
Bunin met the revolutionary events with extreme hostility, documenting the “bloody madness” in his diary, later published in exile under the title “Cursed Days” (1918, published in 1925).
In January 1920, together with his wife Vera Nikolaevna Muromtseva, the writer from Odessa sailed to Constantinople. From then on, Bunin lived in France, mainly in Paris and Grasse. In emigration they spoke of him as the first among modern Russian writers.
The story "Mitya's Love" (1925), the books of stories "Sunstroke" (1927) and "God's Tree" (1931) were perceived by contemporaries as live classics. In the 30s short stories began to appear, where Bunin showed an exceptional ability to compress enormous material into one or two pages, or even several lines.
In 1930, a novel with an obvious autobiographical “lining” - “The Life of Arsenyev” - was published in Paris. In 1933, Bunin was awarded the Nobel Prize. This is an event behind which, essentially, stood the fact of recognition of the literature of emigration.
During the Second World War, Bunin lived in Grasse, avidly followed military events, lived in poverty, hid Jews from the Gestapo in his house, and rejoiced at the victories of the Soviet troops. At this time he wrote stories about love (included in the book " Dark alleys", 1943), which he himself considered the best of everything he created.
The writer’s post-war “warmth” towards Soviet power was short-lived, but it managed to quarrel with many long-time friends. Recent years Bunin spent his time in poverty working on a book about his literary teacher A.P. Chekhov.
In October 1953, Ivan Alekseevich’s health condition deteriorated sharply, and on November 8 the writer died. The cause of death, according to Dr. V. Zernov, who observed the patient in recent weeks, was cardiac asthma and pulmonary sclerosis. Bunin was buried in the cemetery of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois. The monument on the grave was made according to a drawing by the artist Alexandre Benois.
Ivan Bunin was born into a poor noble family on October 10 (22), 1870. Then, in Bunin’s biography, he moved to an estate in the Oryol province near the city of Yelets. Bunin spent his childhood in this very place, among the natural beauty of the fields.
Bunin's primary education was received at home. Then, in 1881, the young poet entered the Yelets gymnasium. However, without finishing it, he returned home in 1886. Further education Ivan Alekseevich Bunin received thanks to his older brother Yuli, who graduated from the university with honors.
Literary activity
Bunin's poems were first published in 1888. The following year, Bunin moved to Orel, starting to work as a proofreader in a local newspaper. Bunin's poetry, collected in a collection called "Poems", became the first book published. Soon Bunin's work gained fame. Bunin's following poems were published in the collections “Under the Open Air” (1898), “Leaf Fall” (1901).
Meeting the greatest writers (Gorky, Tolstoy, Chekhov, etc.) leaves a significant imprint on Bunin’s life and work. Bunin's stories "Antonov Apples" and "Pines" are published.
The writer in 1909 became an honorary academician of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. Bunin reacted rather harshly to the ideas of the revolution, and left Russia forever.
Life in exile and death
The biography of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin almost entirely consists of moves and travels (Europe, Asia, Africa). In exile, Bunin actively continues to engage in literary activities, writing his best works: “Mitya’s Love” (1924), “Sunstroke” (1925), as well as the main novel in the writer’s life, “The Life of Arsenyev” (1927-1929, 1933), which brought Bunin the Nobel Prize in 1933. In 1944, Ivan Alekseevich wrote the story “Clean Monday”.
Before his death, the writer was often ill, but at the same time he did not stop working and creating. In the last few months of his life, Bunin was busy working on a literary portrait of A.P. Chekhov, but the work remained unfinished
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin died on November 8, 1953. He was buried in the Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois cemetery in Paris.
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