Origin of surnames.
Story modern Tatar surnames quite young. For most hereditary names, it is possible to determine the first bearer of the surname, because the majority of Tatars had surnames only at the beginning of the 20th century. Until this time, surnames were the privilege of the Tatar princely families, of which there are quite a few in Russian Empire. The Tatar people are a large ethnic group with a rich culture. However, the advantages of Russian as the state language could not but affect the formation of Tarar surnames. While viewing list of Tatar surnames in alphabetical order Their Russian endings -ov, -ev, -in are immediately noticeable. Feminine These surnames are distinguished by the vowel -a at the end. It is natural that Declension of Tatar surnames similar to the declension of Russian surnames, that is, they change according to cases in both the masculine and feminine gender.
The meaning of surnames.
Meaning majority Tatar surnames associated with the name of the father of the first owner of this surname. For example, Saitov, Bashirov, Yuldashev, Safin, Yunusov. Initially, these surnames pointed directly to the father, but they began to be inherited and now you can use them to find out the name of your ancestor.
Interpretation smaller quantity Tatar surnames goes back to the professions - Usmancheev (forester), Arakcheev (vodka merchant). Dictionary of Tatar surnames includes some famous surnames that have long been considered Russian. They, as a rule, appeared much earlier than the usual Tatar surnames, in the XIV-XV centuries. The first owners of such surnames were either of Turkic origin or Russians, who received Turkic nicknames, which later became surnames. A nickname usually indicated a distinctive characteristic of a given person. Such surnames were most often adjectives. Thus, the well-known surname Turgenev, obviously, comes from the adjective “fast”, “hot-tempered”, and Aksakov - from “lame”. The descendants of the Golenishchev-Kutuzov princes looked for their roots in German, but experts are sure that the name Kutuzov goes back to the Turkic concept of “mad”, “mad dog”. The Tatar “trace” is also visible in the surname Bulgakov, which, most likely, was given to a restless, fidgety, flighty person.
If in official documents and generally accepted practice Tatar surnames are sounded and written according to the Russian model, then in literature or at the everyday level there are surnames without Russian endings. That is, the given name is used as a surname pure form– Tukay (Tukaev), Sait (Saitov), Saifutdin (Saifutdinov).
Top Tatar surnames makes it possible to evaluate them by their greatest prevalence and popularity.
List of popular Tatar surnames:
Abashev
Abdulov
Agishev
Aipov
Aidarov
Aytemirov
Akishev
Aksanov
Alaberdyev
Alabin
Alabyshev
Aliyev
Alachev
Alparov
Alimov
Ardashev
Asmanov
Akhmetov
Bagrimov
Bazhanin
Baslanov
Baykulov
Baymakov
Bakaev
Barbashi
Basmanov
Baturin
Gireev
Gotovtsev
Dunilov
Edygeev
Elgozin
Elychev
Zhemailov
Zakeev
Zenbulatov
Isupov
Kazarinov
Keriev
Kaysarov
Kamaev
Kanchev
Karagadymov
Karamyshev
Karataev
Karaulov
Karachaev
Kashaev
Keldermanov
Kichibeev
Kotlubeev
Kochubey
Kugushev
Kulaev
Isupov
Kazarinov
Keriev
Kaysarov
Kamaev
Kanchev
Karagadymov
Karamyshev
Karataev
Karaulov
Karachaev
Kashaev
Keldermanov
Kichibeev
Kotlubeev
Kochubey
Kugushev
Kulaev
Mamatov
Mamyshev
Mansurov
Mosolov
Muratov
Nagiyev
Okulov
Poletaev
Rataev
Rakhmanov
Saburov
Sadykov
Saltanov
Sarbaev
Seitov
Serkizov
Soimonov
Sunbulov
Tagaev
Tairov
Taishev
Tarbeev
Tarkhanov
Tatar
Temirov
Timiryazev
Tokmanov
Tulubeev
Uvarov
Ulanov
Useynov
Ushakov
Fustov
Khanykov
Khotlintsev
Tsurikov
Chaadaev
Chalymov
Chebotarev
Chubarov
Shalimov
Sharapov
Shimaev
Sheidyakov
Yakushin
Yakubov
Yamatov
Yanbulatov
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Tatar surnames
A lot of interesting things can be told about the history of the origin of Tatar surnames, their origin and meaning, as well as the peculiarities of spelling. Initially, having a surname was an honorable prerogative of members of the nobility. Only in the 20th century did all other Tatar clans receive this right. Until this moment, the Tatars placed clan-tribal relations at the forefront. The custom of knowing one’s family, one’s ancestors by name up to the seventh generation, was made a sacred duty and instilled from a young age.
The Tatars represent a very large ethnic group, distinguished by a rich and distinctive culture. But historically conditioned assimilation with the Slavic people still left its mark. The result was the formation of a fairly large part of Tatar surnames, formed by adding Russian endings: “-ov”, “-ev”, “-in”. For example: Bashirov, Busaev, Yunusov, Yuldashev, Sharkhimullin, Abaidullin, Turgenev, Safin. According to statistics, Tatar surnames ending in “-ev”, “-ov” are three times larger than surnames ending in “-in”.
Traditionally, Tatar surnames are formed from the male names of paternal ancestors. The majority of Tatar surnames are formed on the basis of male personal names. Only a small proportion of surnames come from professions. For example, Urmancheev (forester), Arakcheev (vodka merchant) and others. This type of surname formation is common to many nationalities.
A distinctive national feature of the Tatars is the form of formation of Tatar names. Full version Tatar name, like many other nationalities, consists of a first name, patronymic and last name, but since ancient times it has been customary to add a gender prefix to the patronymic of Tatars: “uli” (son) or “kyzy” (daughter).
The peculiarities of Tatar surnames also include the custom of their writing. The Tatars have two variants of spelling surnames: official - with endings (Sayfutdinov, Sharifullin, Saitov) and “everyday”, most widely used without adding an ending, only the name is written (instead of the surname Tukaev, Tukai is written). This method, by the way, is characteristic of Tatar literature.
There are countless Tatar surnames
Each of them has a zest
If the last name makes sense, look for it
Many nuances can be learned
This page of our website discusses Tatar surnames. We will learn about the history and origin of Tatar surnames, discuss their meanings and distribution.
Origin of Tatar surnames
Studying ethnic composition population of Russia, you can notice that a significant part of the inhabitants of our country are Tatars. And this is no coincidence, history Russian state has developed in such a way that at the moment representatives of many nations and nationalities live on its territory. And one of the most numerous ethnic groups are Tatar peoples. And, despite the fact that for decades and centuries there has been a mixture of nations and nationalities, the Tatars were able to preserve their national language, their culture and traditions. Tatar surnames refer specifically to such national characteristics and traditions.
The origin of Tatar surnames goes back centuries, when, like other nations, the richest and most noble representatives of the Tatar family were the first to acquire surnames. And only by the 20th century the rest of the people of Tatar origin received surnames. Until this moment, that is, while there were no surnames, the kinship relations of the Tatars were determined by their tribal affiliation. WITH early years every representative Tatar people remembered the names of his paternal ancestors. At the same time, the generally accepted norm was to know your family up to seven generations.
Features of Tatar surnames
There is a significant difference between well-known Tatar surnames, given names and the complete formula for the formation of Tatar names. Turns out, complete formula Tatar naming consists of the first name, patronymic and surname. At the same time, patronymics among the ancient Tatars were formed from the naming of the father, to which “uly” (son) or “kyzy” (daughter) was added. Over time, these traditions in the formation of Tatar patronymics and surnames mixed with Russian traditions of word formation. As a result, at the moment it can be considered that the vast majority of Tatar surnames were formed as derivatives from the names of male ancestors. At the same time, to form a surname for male name Russian endings were added: “-ov”, “-ev”, “-in”. These are, for example, the following Tatar surnames: Bashirov, Busaev, Yunusov, Yuldashev, Sharkhimullin, Abaidullin, Turgenev, Safin. This list of Tatar surnames can be quite large, since it was male names that were the main source for the formation of Tatar surnames. If we talk about the meaning that these surnames have, then it is obvious that it will repeat the meaning of the naming from which a specific surname is derived.
According to statistical data, the number of Tatar surnames with endings “-ev”, “-ov” exceeds Tatar surnames with the ending “-in” by approximately three times.
Writing Tatar surnames
There are two spelling options for Tatar surnames. One of these options eliminates the added endings, using only the name itself (for example, instead of the surname Tukaev, Tukay is spelled). This option is widely used in Tatar literature, but is not official. In official documents and common practice in Russia, a variant of Tatar surnames with endings is used: Sayfutdinov, Sharifullin, Saitov, etc.
Other Tatar surnames
Also, the origin of some Tatar surnames was associated with professions. This type of surname exists among almost all nations, and Tatar surnames in this sense are no exception. Examples of surnames whose origin is related to professions may include the following surnames: Urmancheev (forester), Arakcheev (vodka merchant) and others.
ABASHEVS. In the nobility since 1615 (OGDR, VIII, p. 42). From Abash Ulan - the governor of the Kazan Khan, who in 1499 switched to Russian service. In 1540, the Abashevs Alyosha, Chulok, and Bashmak were mentioned as residents of Tver; in 1608, Abashev Avtal Cheremisin was noted in the Cheboksary district (Veselovsky 1974, p. 9). According to N.A. Vaskakov (1979, p. 216), the surname comes from the Tatar aba “paternal uncle”, abas “uncle”. Subsequently, famous scientists, military men, doctors.
ABDULOV. A common surname from the Muslim name Abdulla (Gabdulla) “Servant of God; Servant of Allah” Widely used by Kazan residents; for example, the Kazan king Abdul-Letif was captured in 1502 and Kashira was allocated to him as an inheritance. Subsequently, the Abdulovs - famous surname nobles, scientists, artists, etc.
ABDULOV. Landowners from the 18th century On behalf of Abdullah (see ABDULOV); perhaps from the Turkic-Mongolian avdil “changeable person.” In this regard, see the name of the Golden Horde king Avdul, known in the 1360s
AGDAVLETOVS. Nobles since the 17th century. From the Golden Horde (BC, II, p. 280, No. 105; Zagoskin 1875, No. 1), cf.: Turkic-Arabic. akdavlet "white wealth" (allegorically - "white bone").
AGISHEVA. Nobles since the 17th century. From Agish Alexei Kaliteevsky from Kazan (first half of the 16th century), mentioned in Pskov in 1550 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 9); in the first half of the 16th century, Agish Gryaznoy was ambassador to Turkey and Crimea; in 1667, Agish Fedor was a messenger to England and Holland.
AKISHEVS. Servicemen with mid-17th century century: Gryaznoy Akishev - clerk in Moscow in 1637, clerk in 1648 No. 5) (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). See also Agishevs. The surname is transparently Turkic-Tatar - from 1974, Akish, Agish.
ITEMIROVY. Served from the middle of the 17th century: Ivan Aitemirov - clerk in Moscow in 1660, in Verkhoturye in 1661-1662; Vasily Aytemirov - in 1696 ambassador to Poland, in 1696-1700 - clerk of the Siberian Order
AKCHURINS. Mishar-Mordovian prince Adash in the 15th century, the ancestor of the Murzas and nobles of the Akchurins (RBS, 1, p. 62). In the XVII - XVIII centuries- famous officials, diplomats, military men (RBS, 1, pp. 108 - 109). The surname is from the Turkic-Bulgar ak chur - “white hero”.
ALABERDIEVS. From Alaberdiev, baptized in 1600 under the name Yakov, and placed in Novgorod (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). From the Volga Tatar alla barde “God gave.”
ALTYSHEVS. Nobles from the beginning. XVIII century. From Abdrein Useinov Altyshev, a native of Kazan, who took part in the Persian campaign of Peter I in 1722, and then often visited embassies in Persia and Crimea.
ALIYEVS. ALEEVS. ALYAEVS
The surname comes from Ali - a Muslim - Turkic name.
ALEEVS. Mentioned as nobles at the end of the 16th century as immigrants from the Meshcheryaks, i.e. Tatar-Mishars: Vladimir Nagaev, son of Aleev, was recorded in 1580 as one of the ten Meshcheryans, children of boyars (OGDR, IV, p. 58), as was Koverya Nikitich Aleev in Meshchera and Kasimov under 1590 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12) . N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 158) considers them to come from the Turkic (Tatar-Mishar) environment.
ADASHEVS. Nobles from the 16th century. From Prince Adash, who was transferred from Kazan to Poshekhonye in the mid-15th century. In 1510, Grigory Ivanovich Adash-Olgov was mentioned in Kostroma, from whom, according to S.B. Veselovsky (1974, p. 9), the Adashevs came. In the first half and mid-16th century century Adashevs (Alexander Fedorovich and Daniil Fedorovich) - active military men and diplomats of Ivan IV, executed by him in 1561 and 1563, respectively. They had estates in the vicinity of Kolomna and Pereyaslavl (RBS, 1, pp. 62-71; Zimin, 1988, p. 9). The Turkic-Tatar adash means “tribesman”, “comrade”. Known under 1382, Adash was the ambassador of Tokhtamysh in Rus'. ADAEV has the same origin.
AZANCHEVS. Nobles since the 18th century (OGDR, III, p. 93). Judging by the surname, Volga-Tatar origin, cf. Tatar-Muslim azanchi, that is, "muezzin"
AZANCHEEVSKIES. Nobles from the 18th century, through the Polish-gentry, from the Azanchi. Famous composers, revolutionary.
AIPOVY. From Ismail Aipov from Kazan, granted nobility in 1557 (OGDR, X, p. 19; Veselovsky 1974, p. 10).
AIDAROVS. Servicemen: Aydarov Uraz, nobleman since 1578, estate in Kolomna; Aidarov Mina Saltanovich - since 1579, estate in Ryazhsk. Perhaps from Aidar, a Bulgar-Horde prince who switched to Russian service in 1430 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 10). Aidar - typically Bulgaro- Muslim name, meaning “happily in possession of power” (Gafurov 1987, p. 122). Engineers, scientists, and military men are known from the Russified environment of the Aidarovs.
AKSAKOVS. In the middle of the 15th century, the Aksakovs gave the village of Aksakov on the river. Klyazma, at the end of the 15th century “settled in Novgorod”. These Aksakovs are from Ivan Aksak (his grandchildren are Ivan Shadra and Ivan Oblyaz), great-great-grandson of Yuri Grunk, thousand-year-old Ivan Kalita (Zimin 1980, pp. 159-161). According to the Velvet Book (BC, II, p. 296, no. 169), Ivan Fedorov, nicknamed “Oksak,” was the son of Velyamin, who came out of the Horde (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). The Aksakovs were in Lithuania, where they appeared at the end of the 14th century (UU.O, 1986, 51. 22). Aksakovs are writers, publicists, scientists. Related to the Vorontsovs and Velyaminovs (RBS, 1, pp. 96-107). From the Turkic-Tatar aksak, oksak "lame"
ALABINS. Nobles since 1636 (OGDR, V, p. 97). In the 16th-11th centuries they had estates near Ryazan (for example, the village of Alabino in Kamensky Stan - Veselovsky 1974, p. II). According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 182), from Tatar-Bashkir. ala-ba "awarded", "granted". Subsequently, scientists, military men, and the famous Samara governor.
ALABYSHEVS. A very old surname. Prince of Yaroslavl Fedor Fedorovich Alabysh is mentioned in 1428 (BK, II, p. 281; Veselovsky 1974, p. II). According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, pp. 257-259), the surname comes from the Tatar ala bash “motley (bad) head.”
ALAEVS. In the 16th and early 17th centuries, several service people with this surname are mentioned. According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 8), of Turkic-Tatar origin: Alai-Chelyshev, Alai-Lvov (died in 1505), Alai-Mikhalkov, received an estate near Peryaslavl in 1574 (Veselovsky 1974, p. II).
ALALYKINS. Ivan Anbaev, son of Alalykin, had estates in 1528 “according to the charters of the sovereigns” (OGDR, IX, p. 67). In 1572, Alalykin Temir, already in Russian service, captured Murza Diveya, a relative of the Crimean king Devlet-Girey, for which he received estates in the area of Suzdal and Kostroma (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12). The mentioned names and surnames Alalykin (alalyka), Anbai (Aman-bey), Temir are clearly of Turkic-Tatar origin.
ALACHEVS. Mentioned in Moscow as nobles since 1640. They came from among the Kazan Tatars around the middle of the 16th century. The surname comes from the Bulgaro-Tatar word “alacha” - motley. 21. ALASHEEVS. Nobles from the middle of the 16th century: Alasheev Yakov Timofeevich, newly baptized (from 1585); Alasheev Semyon Ivanovich (since 1523). Estates in the vicinity of Kashira, where people from Kazan usually settled (Veselovsky 1974, p. 18). The surname is from the Turkic-Tatar alash "horse".
DAMAZOVS. As the OGDR testifies (V, p. 98), the surname comes from the Duma clerk Almaz Ivanov’s son, a Kazan native, named Erofey at baptism, who was allocated a local salary in 1638. In 1653 he was the Duma clerk and printer for Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12). Among the Volga Tatars, the name Almaz - Almas roughly corresponds to the concept of “will not touch”, “will not take” (Baskakov 1979, p. 182). In this sense, it is close to the word alemas, which could form a similar surname Alemasov.
ALPAROVS. From the Bulgaro-Tatar alyp arar (. (male hero), which, along with the spread of a similar surname among the Kazan Tatars, may indicate the Turkic-Bulgar origin of its Russian version.
ALTYKULACHEVICHY. Around 1371, the boyar Sofoniy Altykulachevich is known, who entered the Russian (Ryazan) service from the Volga Tatars and was baptized (Zimin 10 1980, p. 19). The Turkic-Tatar basis of the surname is also clear: “alty kul” - six slaves or six hands.
ALYMOVS. Nobles since 1623 (OGDR, III, p. 54). From Alymov Ivan Oblyaz, who owned lands near Ryazan in the first half of the 16th century. (Veselovsky, 1974, given p. 13). Alim - Alym and Oblyaz Aly are names of Turkic origin (Baskakov 1979, p. 127). 197< Алымовы в XIX - XX вв.- учёные, военные, государственные деятели.
ALYABYEVS. From Alexander Alyabyev, who entered the Russian service in the 16th century (RBS, 2, p. 80); from Mikhail Olebey, who entered the Russian service in 1500 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 231). Ali Bey is the senior bey (Baskakov 1979, p. 182). The descendants include military men, officials, including famous composer and contemporary of A.S. Pushkin - A.A. Alyabyev.
AMINES. Nobles in the 15th-11th centuries: the Aminevs Barsuk, Ruslan, Arslan, estates near Kostroma and Moscow (village of Aminevo). These Aminevs are from the messenger - Kilichei Amen, who served in 1349 (sent to the Horde) with the Grand Duke Semyon the Proud (Veselovsky 1974, p. 13, 273). The second version is the tenth generation from the legendary Radsha - Ivan Yuryevich, nicknamed "Amen". The Turkic (Bulgar?) origin is confirmed by the names: Amen, Ruslan, Arslan. The famous Turkic-Swedish surname “Aminof” is associated with them.
ARSENYEVS. Nobles from the 16th century. From Arseny, the son of Oslan (Arslan) Murza, who came to Dmitry Donskoy (see Zhdanovs, Somovs, Rtishchevs, Pavlovs). Upon baptism, Arseny Lev Procopius (OGDR, V, pp. 28-29; BC, II, p. 282). Estates in the Kostroma district. The descendants include friends of A.S. Pushkin (K.I. Arsenyev), military men (RBS, II,)
AMIROV (AMIREV). Nobles from the 16th century. In the OGDR (XVIII, p. 126) the Amirovs are noted in 1847 as a Russified surname; first mentioned since 1529-30: Vasil Amirov - clerk of the Local Prikaz; Grigory Amirov - in 1620-21 - watchman of the palace villages of the Kazan district, like Yuri Amirov in 1617-19; Markel Amirov - clerk in 1622-1627 in Arzamas; Ivan Amirov - in 1638-1676 - a messenger to Denmark, Holland and Livonia (Veselovsky 1974, p. 13). The origin of the surname is assumed to be Turkic-Arab. amir - emir "prince, general" (Baskakov 1979, p. 257). The prevalence of surnames among Kazan Tatars also indicates the Kazan origin of the Russian surname.
ANICHKOVS. Origin from the Horde in the 14th century is assumed (BK, 2, p. 282, No. 100; Zagoskin, 1875, No. 2). The Anichkovs Bloch and Gleb were mentioned in Novgorod in 1495 (Veselovsky 1974," p. 14). Arabic-Turkic anis - anich "friend" (Gafurov 1987, p. 125). Subsequently, scientists, publicists, doctors, military men (RBS , 2, pp. 148-150).
APRAXINES. From Andrei Ivanovich Apraks, great-grandson of Solokhmir (Solykh-emir), who passed from the Golden Horde to Olga Ryazan in 1371 (OGDR, II, p. 45; III, p. 3). In the 16th-16th centuries. Apraksin allocated estates near Ryazan. In 1610-1637 Fyodor Apraksin served as clerk of the Order of the Kazan Palace (Veselovsky 1974, p. 14). Related to the boyars Khitrovs, Khanykovs, Kryukovs, Verdernikovs (see). N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 95) gives three versions of the Turkic origin of the nickname Apraksa: 1. “quiet”, “calm”; 2. “shaggy”, “toothless”; 3 "boast". In the history of Russia they are known as associates of Peter 1, generals, and governors (RBS, 2, pp. 239-256).
APPAKOVS. The Crimean-Kazan Murza Appak switched to Russian service in 1519 (Zimin 198Yu, pp. 80, 168, 222,265). The origin of the surname is possible from Kazan. Tatarsk, ap-ak "completely white".
APSEITOVY. Most likely, they came from Kazan in the middle of the 16th century. Granted estates in 1667. The surname is from the Arabic-Turkic Abu Seit “father of the leader” (Baskakov 1979, p. 165; Gafurov 1987, p. 116, 186
ARACCHEVS. From Arakchey Evstafiev, a baptized Tatar who switched to Russian service in the mid-15th century and became clerk of Vasily II (Veselovsky 1974, p. 14). Derived from Kazan Tatars. The nicknames of the Arakychs are “moonshiner, drunkard” (Baskakov 1979, p. 115). In the ХV111-Х1Х centuries. temporary worker Alexandra1, count, estate near Tver (RBS, 2, p. 261-270).
ARAPOVS. Promoted to the nobility in 1628 (OGDR, IV, p. 98). From Arap Begichev, placed in Ryazan in 1569. Later, in the 17th century, Khabar Arapov was known with an estate in Murom. Judging by the names and surnames, as well as the placement, most likely they came from Kazan (Veselovsky 1974, p. 14). Descendants include military men and Penzyak writers
ARTAKOVS (ARTIKOVS). Nobles since the 17th century. Artykov Sulesh Semenovich was noted as a streltsy head in 1573 in Novgorod (Veselovsky 1974, p. 16). From Turkic, artuk - artyk "extra".
ARDASHEVS. Nobles since the 17th century. From Ardash, a native of Kazan, on an estate in the Nizhny Novgorod province (Veselovsky 1974, p. 15). The descendants include relatives of the Ulyanovs, scientists (IE, 1, p. 715Text
ARTYUKHOV. Nobles since 1687 (OGDR, IV, p. 131). From artyk - artuk - artyuk (Baskakov 1979)
ARKHAROVS. Nobles since 1617 (OGDR, III, p. 60). From Arkharov Karaul Rudin and his son Saltan, who came from near Kazan, were baptized in 1556 and received an estate near Kashira (Veselovsky 1974, p. 15; Baskakov, 1979, p. 128). The descendants include military men and scientists.
ASLANOVICHEVS. In the Polish gentry and nobility in 1763, one of them was then awarded the rank of Royal Secretary (OGDR, IX, p. 135). From the Turkic-Tatar aslan - arslan (Baskakov 1979,)
ASMANOVS. Vasily Asmanov (Usmanov, Osmanov) - son of a boyar. Mentioned in Novgorod in the 15th century (Veselovsky, 1974, p. 16). Judging by the surname (base - Turkic-Muslim Usman, Gosman "chiropper" - see: Gafurov, 1987, p. 197), Turkic - Bulgar, by location in Novgorod, exit.
ATLASOVY. Nobles from the end of the 17th century, estates in the Ustyug region. Immigrants from Kazan to Ustyug. Atlasi is a typical Kazan Tatar surname (see: Khadi Atlasi). Atlasov Vladimir Vasilievich in the 18th century - the beginning of the 18th centuries - the conqueror of Kamchatka (RBS, II, pp. 353-356).
AKHMATOVS. Nobles since 1582 (OGDR, V, p. 52). Most likely, they came from Kazan, because... under 1554 Fyodor Nikulich Akhmatov was noted near Kashira (Veselovsky 1974, p. 17). Akhmat is a typically Turkic-Tatar name (Baskakov 1979, p. 176). Even under 1283, the Besermian (obviously a Muslim-Manin-Bulgarin) Akhmat is mentioned, who bought off the Baskas on the Kursk land (PSRL, 25, p. 154). The Akhmatovs in the 16th-19th centuries - military men, sailors, prosecutor of the Synod (RBS, II, p. 362).
AKHMETOVS. Nobles since 1582, clerks in the 16th - 17th centuries, merchants and industrialists in the 16th - 20th centuries. (OGDR, V, p. 55; Veselovsky 1974, p. 17; RBS, II, p. 363). At the heart of the Arab-Muslim word Ah-met - Ahmad - Akhmat "praised" (Gafurov)
AKHMYLOVS. Nobles from the 16th century. Fyodor Akhmyl - mayor in Novgorod in 1332, Andrei Semenovich Akhmylov in 1553 - in Ryazan (Veselovsky 1974, p. 17). Judging by their placement in Novgorod and Ryazan, the Akhmylrvas are Bulgar-Kazan immigrants. Under 1318 and 1322 the Golden Horde ambassador Akhmyl to Rus' is known (PSRL, 25, pp. 162, 167); perhaps a Bulgarian who knew Russian well. language.
ALTUNIN
ALTYNOV
The surname comes from Altyn - gold. Altyn is a fairly common name in Turkic peoples.
AGEEVS
AGAYEVS
From the Turkic "Aha", "Agai" - uncle. Typically, a child could receive such a name if the eldest son or daughter in the family has already started a family and can have or already has children of their own. Therefore, there is a need to emphasize, as it were, the seniority of the child - the uncle.
ASADOV
Comes from the Tatar-Muslim name Assad, a modified “as-Somad” - eternal. Famous poet Eduard Assadov emphasizes his origins from the Tatars.
AKULOV
Comes from a fairly common name, especially among the Turkmens, Okul, Akul, which means “smart”, “reasonable”.
AKSANOVS. The origin of the surname is from “Ak” - white, and “San”, “Sin” - you, you. Literally - light (skin, hair)
AKHUNOVS The origin of the surname is possible in two versions:
from the Turkish-Muslim name "Akhun".
from "akhun" - a religious title.
When preparing the material, information from the site was used
Probably everyone has heard the saying: “Scratch a Russian and you will find a Tatar!” Russian and Tatar culture were in such close contact with each other that today we sometimes do not even suspect the Tatar origin of some Russian surnames.
How did Tatar surnames appear in Rus'?
Russian surnames of Tatar origin appeared, of course, during the period of the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Then many Tatars served at the court of Ivan the Terrible and other Russian tsars. There were many mixed marriages between representatives of the Russian and Tatar nobility. As a result, anthroponymic specialists count over 500 noble and well-born surnames that originally had Tatar origin. Among them are Aksakovs, Alyabyevs, Apraksins, Berdyaev, Bunins, Bukharins, Godunovs, Gorchakovs, Dashkov, Derzhavins, Ermolovs, Kadyshevs, Mashkovs, Naryshkin, Ogarev, Peshkovs, Radishchevs, Transchanes, Ryazanovs, Timiryazevs, Turgenevs, Ulanovs, Chaadeva, Chaadevs, Chaadevs Sheremetevs, Yusupovs and many others.
Examples of the origin of Russian surnames from the Tatars
Take, for example, the name Anichkov. Its ancestors came from the Horde. The first mention of them dates back to 1495. The Atlasovs' ancestors bore the common Tatar surname Atlasi. The Kozhevnikovs, according to one version, received this surname not at all from the profession of a tanner, but from family name, which included the word “khoja” (in Tatar “lord”). New surname representatives of this family were assigned after they entered the service of Ivan III in 1509.
The Karamzins descended from the Tatar Kara Murza (which literally means “Black Prince”). The surname itself has been known since the 16th century. At first, its representatives bore the surname Karamza, and then turned into the Karamzins. The most famous descendant of this family is the writer, poet and historian N.M. Karamzin.
Types of Tatar surnames in Russia
Most Tatar surnames come from the name borne by one of the male ancestors in the family. In ancient times, the surname was given by the father, but in early XIX centuries, both children and grandchildren bore the same surname. After the arrival of Soviet power, these surnames were enshrined in official documents and did not change.
Many surnames were given by profession. Thus, the surname Baksheev came from “bakshi” (scribe), Karaulov - from “karavyl” (guard), Beketov - from “beket” (the so-called teacher of the khan’s son), Tukhachevsky - from “tukhachi” (standard bearer).
The surname Suvorov, which we are accustomed to consider Russian, became known in the 15th century. It comes from the profession of a horseman (in Tatar - “suvor”). The first person to bear this surname was the serviceman Goryain Suvorov, who was mentioned in the chronicles for 1482. Subsequently, a legend was invented that the founder of the Suvorov family was a Swede named Suvore, who settled in Russia in 1622.
But the surname Tatishchev was assigned by Grand Duke Ivan III to Ivan Shah’s nephew, Prince Solomersky, who was something of an investigator and was distinguished by his ability to quickly identify thieves, who were called “tats” in Tatar.
But much more often, Tatar surnames were based on the distinctive qualities of their bearers. So, the ancestors of the Bazarovs received this nickname because they were born on market days. The brother-in-law (husband of his wife’s sister) was called “bazha” in Tatar, hence the surname Bazhanov. The Tatars called respected people “Veliamin”, and this is how the Russian surname Veliaminov was born, later changed to Velyaminov.
Proud people were called “Bulgaks”, hence the surname Bulgakov. Beloved and loving people were called “Dauds” or “Davuds”, later this was transformed into Davydovs.
The surname Zhdanov became widespread in Rus' in the 15th-17th centuries. Presumably it comes from the word “vijdan”, which in Tatar meant simultaneously passionate lovers, and religious fanatics.
The surname Akchurin stands apart. In the Russian version, Tatar surnames usually end in -ov (-ev) or -in (-yn). But certain family names, derived from the names of the Tatar Murzas, were left unchanged even in documents: Enikei, Akchurin, Divey. In the surname Akchurin, “-in” is not a Russian ending, it is part of an ancient family name. One of the variants of its pronunciation is “ak-chura” - “white hero”. Among the representatives of the Akchurin family, whose ancestor is the Mishar-Mordovian prince Adash, who lived in the 15th century, there were famous officials, diplomats, and military men.
Of course, it is simply impossible to list all Russian surnames with Tatar roots. To do this, you need to know the etymology of each specific surname.
Probably everyone has heard the saying: “Scratch a Russian and you will find a Tatar!” Russian and Tatar culture were in such close contact with each other that today we sometimes do not even suspect the Tatar origin of some Russian surnames.
How did Tatar surnames appear in Rus'?
Russian surnames of Tatar origin appeared, of course, during the period of the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Then many Tatars served at the court of Ivan the Terrible and other Russian tsars. There were many mixed marriages between representatives of the Russian and Tatar nobility. As a result, anthroponymic experts count over 500 noble and noble families that were originally of Tatar origin. Among them are Aksakovs, Alyabyevs, Apraksins, Berdyaev, Bunins, Bukharins, Godunovs, Gorchakovs, Dashkov, Derzhavins, Ermolovs, Kadyshevs, Mashkovs, Naryshkin, Ogarev, Peshkovs, Radishchevs, Transchanes, Ryazanovs, Timiryazevs, Turgenevs, Ulanovs, Chaadeva, Chaadevs, Chaadevs Sheremetevs, Yusupovs and many others.
Examples of the origin of Russian surnames from the Tatars
Take, for example, the name Anichkov. Its ancestors came from the Horde. The first mention of them dates back to 1495. The Atlasovs' ancestors bore the common Tatar surname Atlasi. The Kozhevnikovs, according to one version, received this surname not at all from the tanner’s profession, but from their family surname, which included the word “Khoja” (in Tatar “lord”). Representatives of this family were given a new surname after they entered the service of Ivan III in 1509.
The Karamzins descended from the Tatar Kara Murza (which literally means “Black Prince”). The surname itself has been known since the 16th century. At first, its representatives bore the surname Karamza, and then turned into the Karamzins. The most famous descendant of this family is the writer, poet and historian N.M. Karamzin.
Types of Tatar surnames in Russia
Most Tatar surnames come from the name borne by one of the male ancestors in the family. In ancient times, the surname was given by the father, but at the beginning of the 19th century both children and grandchildren bore the same surname. After the arrival of Soviet power, these surnames were enshrined in official documents and did not change.
Many surnames were given by profession. Thus, the surname Baksheev came from “bakshi” (scribe), Karaulov - from “karavyl” (guard), Beketov - from “beket” (the so-called teacher of the khan’s son), Tukhachevsky - from “tukhachi” (standard bearer).
The surname Suvorov, which we are accustomed to consider Russian, became known in the 15th century. It comes from the profession of a horseman (in Tatar - “suvor”). The first person to bear this surname was the serviceman Goryain Suvorov, who was mentioned in the chronicles for 1482. Subsequently, a legend was invented that the founder of the Suvorov family was a Swede named Suvore, who settled in Russia in 1622.
But the surname Tatishchev was assigned by Grand Duke Ivan III to Ivan Shah’s nephew, Prince Solomersky, who was something of an investigator and was distinguished by his ability to quickly identify thieves, who were called “tats” in Tatar.
But much more often, Tatar surnames were based on the distinctive qualities of their bearers. So, the ancestors of the Bazarovs received this nickname because they were born on market days. The brother-in-law (husband of his wife’s sister) was called “bazha” in Tatar, hence the surname Bazhanov. The Tatars called respected people “Veliamin”, and this is how the Russian surname Veliaminov was born, later changed to Velyaminov.
Proud people were called “Bulgaks”, hence the surname Bulgakov. Beloved and loving people were called “Dauds” or “Davuds”, later this was transformed into Davydovs.
The surname Zhdanov became widespread in Rus' in the 15th-17th centuries. Presumably it comes from the word “vijdan”, which in Tatar meant both passionate lovers and religious fanatics.
The surname Akchurin stands apart. In the Russian version, Tatar surnames usually end in -ov(-ev) or -in (-yn). But certain family names, derived from the names of the Tatar Murzas, were left unchanged even in documents: Enikei, Akchurin, Divey. In the surname Akchurin, “-in” is not a Russian ending, it is part of an ancient family name. One of the variants of its pronunciation is “ak-chura” - “white hero”. Among the representatives of the Akchurin family, whose ancestor is the Mishar-Mordovian prince Adash, who lived in the 15th century, there were famous officials, diplomats, and military men.
Of course, it is simply impossible to list all Russian surnames with Tatar roots. To do this, you need to know the etymology of each specific surname.