Gate development
Portals of Moscow churches of the 17th century
The prototype of modern gates can be considered the stone used ancient man blocked the entrance to his home, fleeing the cold, wild animals and raids of enemy tribes. Then man began to build fences, of which the gates became an integral part. They weren't sophisticated appearance, but were purely practical in nature. At first, gates were made from the most accessible and inexpensive material - wood. Later, the gates began to be covered with iron for decorative purposes. At that time, few could afford such a luxury - after all, there was enough iron expensive material. Then iron became cheaper and lighter alloys appeared. And simple wooden gates were replaced by reliable steel gates.
Red Gate (Moscow)
The gates created in distant antiquity were very different from modern gates. Rather, they were simply “large entrances” in the stone structures of that time. Later, already in the 11th century AD, in the territory Ancient Rus' Arched gates, consisting of two stone vertical columns and an arch connecting them, gained popularity. Such gates were called the popular word “portal”. In the Middle Ages, almost all castles were surrounded by a moat with water, and the gate, going down, acted as a bridge leading to the city. Such gates were already distinguished by their relative technical complexity. They can just be considered as the first, albeit not automatic, but semi-automatic gates.
City gates in Russia served not only to let people and goods in and out of the city, but were oriented to the cardinal points and were used for religious ceremonies. For example, at the Red Gate in Moscow they greeted and said goodbye to Maslenitsa and publicly ate pancakes. And in Russian villages, the gates had their own roof and were locked with a bolt from the inside. Through them they imported various products, all kinds of goods necessary to support the life of a peasant house. As a rule, peasant estates had two gates: the front gate, decorated with carvings, and the back gate, which usually opened onto the garden.
Automatic gates
Automatic gates is a movable enclosing structure of a wall or fence opening, equipped with an electric drive, a control unit and a system for organizing vehicle access to a room or territory.
Types of automatic gates
Equipping a conventional gate with a modern electric drive with an electronic control unit turns it into a high-tech intelligent actuator that perfectly integrates into common system access control, security and life support of the facility. Moreover, if for domestic use automatic gates are, first of all, comfort and safety, then for industrial use it is also an increase in labor productivity, and sometimes a direct technological necessity.
There are many types of gates that can be classified according to various parameters.
Depending on the place of use, there are most often two types: garage and street automatic gates. Garage doors are designed to organize the entry of vehicles into enclosed spaces: garages, car washes, service stations, warehouses, workshops, etc.
Street or, as they are also called, entrance gates are most often installed in the opening of a fence. Thus, street gates are a movable part of the fence, designed to solve the problem of controlling vehicle access to any isolated area. land plot, for example, the territory of an industrial facility, a warehouse complex, a household plot, etc.
According to the method of movement when opening and filling the door, automatic garage doors are divided into: - sectional, - roller, - up-and-over,
and street gates - to: - swing gates, - sliding gates.
Sectional doors are the most common type of automatic garage doors. The sectional door leaf is made of horizontally arranged sections. Most often, sections of the canvas are made of sandwich panels filled with polyurethane foam. It is possible to produce sectional doors with a wicket door and/or viewing windows. The surface of sandwich panels can be decorated like wood and have embossing (panel). A separate subtype of sectional doors includes panoramic doors, the sections of which are made of transparent acrylic (glazing coefficient, i.e. the proportion of the transparent part in the total area, up to 90%), framed by an aluminum profile.
Rolling gates (roller gates) They are similar to roller shutters: when opened, they roll up over the opening. The door leaf can be made of aluminum or steel slats, either with or without rigid polyurethane foam filling. Rolling gates are not used to organize entry into heated premises. It is possible to use perforated slats (roller grilles). A separate subtype of rolling gates is made up of high-speed film gates with a canvas made of “soft” PVC.
Swing gates are traditional type street gates that easily fit into a ready-made fence. The frame and supporting structure of swing gates are usually made of rolled metal, and colored profile sheets, sandwich panels, wooden sheathing or artistic forging are used as cladding elements.
Sliding gates Convenient to use when space is limited near the gate. The gates themselves can have a different design - with a bottom guide rail, suspended with a top rail or cantilever type (suspended without a top rail). The most convenient is the last type of sliding gate listed.
Sometimes a classification of gates is used by purpose: depending on the intensity of use and overall dimensions, household and industrial gates are distinguished.
Household gates include automatic gates installed for individual use (private garages, houses, cottages). They are characterized by relatively small sizes (up to 10-12 m?) and a small number of opening-closing cycles per day (up to 10-15). All other gates are of the industrial type. Industrial doors are mainly intended for more intensive use (warehouse or industrial production conditions) and are usually characterized by large sizes.
Notes
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- Gate-crane
- Gates of the Arctic
See what “Gate (entry)” is in other dictionaries:
gates- turn from the gate, at the gate. Dictionary of Russian synonyms and similar expressions. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1999. portal gate, wicket, backside, collar, collar, fly, strait, torana, propylaea, codpiece, gate, mouth,... ... Dictionary of synonyms
entry- entry, input, entry, access; auto entry, immigration, entry Dictionary of Russian synonyms. entry noun, number of synonyms: 7 auto entry (1) ... Dictionary of synonyms
entry- A; m. 1. to Enter (1 3 digits). Right to v. B. within the border zone. V. is prohibited. 2. The place where people enter. The bus station is located at the entrance to the city. ◁ Entrance, oh, oh. At the gate. B visa (giving the right to enter another country,... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary
Gate of Toledo- (Puerta de Toledo) ... Wikipedia
gates- noun, plural, used often Morphology: pl. What? gate, (no) what? gate, what? gate, (I see) what? gate, what? gates, about what? about gates 1. A gate is a wide passage or passage into some room or enclosed by a wall or fence... ... Dictionary Dmitrieva
Zaborovsky Gate- Landmark Zaborovsky Gate ... Wikipedia
You can enter the territory of Mdina through three gates: City, Greek and New City, created in the 20th century by local residents to shorten the road to the bus station in Rabat, a suburb of Mdina.
In the Middle Ages, only slaves used the Greek gates. Cars are driving through them now. local residents. All tourists enter Mdina through the City Gate, also called the Main or Vilena Gate. They were built in the Baroque style in 1724 according to the design of Mdina's chief architect, the Frenchman Charles François de Mondion, who worked on many palaces in the city. The construction was sponsored by Grand Master Antoine Manuel de Vilena. We can see his coat of arms on the outer facade of the gate. This gate appeared on the site of a medieval structure with a drawbridge. Due to the construction of the residence for Vilena, the entrance gate had to be moved to the left a few meters. Such interference in the fortification system of the city forced the architect to remodel the medieval fortifications adjacent to the gate. The ancient tower of Turri Mastra was replaced by the Torre della Standardo. Mdina's Main Gate is depicted on the 2 Maltese lira commemorative silver coin minted in 1973. They, along with the neighboring Torre della Standardo, could also be seen on the 5 Maltese lira banknote, which was in circulation in 1989-2007.
In 2008, the gates were repaired by the Road Maintenance Department. Currently, the City Gate is one of Mdina's main tourist attractions. An attentive viewer who has watched the series “Game of Thrones” will recognize this gate in the third episode of the first season, where it is presented as part of Lord Snow’s castle.
Medieval Augsburg was surrounded by a fortress wall. There were five gates to enter the city.
Fishermen's Gate (Fischertor), photo Yuriy Volkov
Located on the northern outskirts of Augsburg. In the Middle Ages they led to the fishing settlement of Senkelbach. Built Fischertor in 1328 At the beginning XVII century reconstruction of the city wall was carried out, and the architect Elias Hall updated the Fishermen's Gate. They were destroyed in 1703 and restored by 1713. Fischertor acquired its modern appearance with a wide central opening and two side pedestrian arches in 1925.
St. James's Gate
St. Jacob's Gate (Jakobertor), photo Stefan
Jakobertor – Gate of St. Jacob– have retained their appearance since the 14th century. This brick structure consists of a rectangular three-story base, an octagonal two-tier part and a hipped dome. The city guards were housed in the lower rooms of the tower.
An important route from Swabia to Bavaria passed through Jacobertor. There is still a relief image in the Gothic doorway Kaiser Sigismund and the western part of the building is crowned with the city coat of arms.
Gate of the bridge over the Wertach
Wertachbruckertor – Gate of the bridge over the Wertach– were built on the northwestern side of the city fortifications in 1370. Previously there was a customs office there. The gray structure made of cut stone was decorated with paintings at the beginning of the 15th century. Architect Elias Hall in the 17th century built two more octagonal tiers on the tower. In 1805, through these gates he entered the city. Napoleon.
The restoration of the Wertachbrückertor was carried out in 1989 by the Augsburg Guild of Joiners and Carpenters. After restoration, a sundial was installed on the tower.
Red Gate
South Red Gate (Rotes Tor), photo Stefan
Rotes Tor – southern Red Gate, the oldest in Augsburg. They were built in 1187. On the approach to Augsburg there was a small village of Haunstetten. In 1223, a customs post called Haunstetten Tor was opened. The route from Italy and Tyrol passed through it. The customs house burned down in the 14th century, and a new post and gate had to be built. The building was covered with paintings in red tones, top part gilded. After this, the gate was named Rotestor.
In 1604 the gate was demolished. Architect Elias Hall created a new architectural ensemble and a gate with a red and white tower and bell tower. In 1929, the city authorities carried out the restoration of the Red Gate complex.
Fünfgratturm tower, photo by Renate Hildebrandt
Fünfgratturm Tower – “Five-Needled” Tower, or “Five Skates” Tower, was built in the eastern part of the city in 1454. It was intended for night watch. IN peacetime artisans kept their tools there. The tower consisted of a main rectangular body covered with a hip roof and flanked by four round turrets.
Chestnut Alley leads to the tower. Loved to walk along it Bertolt Brecht, who considered Fünfgratturm the most romantic place in the city. Not only the architecture of the tower has been preserved to this day, but also the frescoes in the interior.
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Doors Rada - only positive reviews
Interior doors- as important an element of the interior as furniture. The RADA company (Ulyanovsk) produces Rada doors, which have won user recognition due to their high quality. Rada interior doors are produced in a wide range from classics to extraordinary and creative products. Rada doors differ from competitors in their novelty, quality, large range of models (classic and modern) and at the same time affordable prices.
The production technology for RADA doors is Italian, and natural materials are used for manufacturing in Ulyanovsk. Special modern technologies, allowing to exclude distortion of doors during operation and veneer tearing. The use of an intermediate layer makes the fabric stronger and more resistant to moisture. Finishing is done with veneer of the following species:
Makkore,
sapele,
ash,
oak.
Rada doors are coated with varnish (acrylic and polyurethane) high quality. For Dors Rada inserts, frosted glass with decoration fusing method, triplex glass different colors.
The factory in Ulyanovsk has its own technological line for drying pine. Pine timber is rejected for defects and dried to 7-9%. Such wood does not warp from moisture during use. The doors are lined on both sides with HDF, which has best characteristics than MDF.
Oak and sapele are used for Rada baguette. Thresholds are also made from pine timber treated with varnish. The casing and trim are produced in the city of Ulyanovsk from MDF with a coating similar to the main canvas. The molding for Rada doors - telescopic or standard - is made with elements that ensure convenient installation of the door leaf. There are reviews about the high technological effectiveness of this method.
The factory in the city of Ulyanovsk produces semicircular, figured and flat platbands. In additions for atypical cases, there are other sections to cover surfaces of any width, and a connecting key with a similar coating is available.
The cover strips are made of increased strength. Covered with veneer of the same color as the door leaf. Crossbars and pilasters are made of wood with a similar coating.
Models
The Rada factory produces classic, modern and high-tech models. The classics are the “Verona” and “Rada” models. Modern is “Bruno”, “Grand”, “Marco” and “Polo”.
The doors of Rada Verona are different rich color veneer They are characterized by double-sided metal broaches, exquisite stained glass windows using diamond engraving and oak or beech baguettes. Rada's prestigious doors have positive reviews on the market. Mahogany models have the most good reviews to date. These are models such as Florencia, Valencia, Barcelona, Montreal, Palermo. Color range: white gold, Tobacco, Makore gold, Sapele, Natural Oak.
Rada doors of the Rada series are a combination of classics and sophistication. Made with glass design. Here we have fusing, engraving, and insertion of stained glass. Beauty and quality at an affordable price distinguish this series, as evidenced by reviews. The models are presented in the following colors:
Milanese and dark walnut;
anegri;
bleached and light oak;
mahogany;
wenge;
golden makore.
Models of the “Rada” collection (Ulyanovsk): Sivilia, Naples, Lily, Medea, Venice, Rada, Grace, Lada, Triumph.
Products of the “Rada” series are made of LVL timber and MDF. Increased strength, natural wood veneer, varnishing is done manually by experienced craftsmen using acrylic varnishes (Italy). Telescopic box of semicircular shape. It is possible to insert tinted glass using engraving. Products can be produced according to customer sizes.
Table with standard sizes canvases
Door leaf height
2m
Blade width
40, 60, 70, 80, 90 cm, 1 m 20 cm
Blade thickness
4 cm
Width of additional board
9, 13, 17 cm
Platband
Length/width
2.2 m / 7 cm
Box width and thickness
7.5 / 3.5 cm
Models
According to reviews, the Rada factory in the city of Ulyanovsk is the best manufacturer of doors, and its employees are perfectionists. Modern people want to furnish their homes no less modern developments doors. This is the DoorsBruno series, created in high-tech style. Five types of coatings are used for honeycomb structures with pine frames. Attractive glossy doors with triplex glass look fresh and attractive not only in office spaces, but also at home. And the finishing made of aluminum moldings enhances the effect of novelty.
Bruno models have a special feature. Thanks to their honeycomb design, they protect well from cold, heat and sound, and have good reviews for practicality. Their price category is lower than that of Dors Rada, but they have excellent quality and are environmentally friendly. Reviews confirm this. Products are made from pine, HDF and natural wood veneer. The box has a telescopic molding and German seals. LAKOBEL glass, which is used in Bruno doors, is black and white. The glass is moisture resistant and environmentally friendly. Can be made in non-standard sizes. BrunoDoors are available in natural oak and sapele colors. These are excellent doors for isolating rooms from each other and creating zones for dividing space.
DoorsGrand models are, first of all, minimalism. Models use triplex glass decorated with stained glass, engraving, rhinestones, and mirrors. They have a unique tensile strength (30 tons), which means they will serve for a long time, maintaining a unique appearance. All this is confirmed by consumer reviews. Wenge color emphasizes sophisticated style, bleached oak creates the impression of lightness and intelligence. Gray oak and dark walnut, Milanese walnut - these original and noble colors find many connoisseurs.
DoorsMarco models are designed to be straight, that is, without bends. This is an Art Nouveau style, the doors are light and decorated with transparent triplex glass. Doors without glass (solid) are complemented by moldings. Noble DoorsBlanc - white enamel, DoorsNoir - black enamel and five more colors: wenge, natural oak, gold makore, mahogany and sapele. As reviews indicate, these colors are almost universal in the interior.
Doors Polo models are made in Art Nouveau style with various combinations forms of paneled parts that give volume to the room. Natural veneer and various textures give the doors solidity. Glossy glass is also used. Doors Blanc and Noir colors - white and black enamel, bleached oak - create a unique volumetric style.
Rada doors made in Russia (Ulyanovsk) have such a wide range of models that it makes your eyes wide open. All Rada door models are style and quality. The reviews are the most pleasant, and for good reason. The doors are original and high quality, suitable for any interior, there are no chips, scratches or squeaks.
Golden Gate (Ukraine) - description, history, location. Exact address, phone number, website. Tourist reviews, photos and videos.
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What Kiev residents call the Golden Gate, the symbol of their city, is actually a newly rebuilt pavilion. The gate itself, or rather its remains, is inside this massive structure. The reconstruction pavilion was erected to preserve a unique monument of defense architecture of Ancient Rus' that has survived to this day. The Golden Gate performed not only a defensive function, but also served as the main entrance to the great city, its landmark. Famous guests and foreign ambassadors were met here. Here the princely squads were seen off, and after the completion of the campaigns the winners were greeted with honors.
The Kyiv Golden Gate got its name from the triumphal gates of Constantinople. This was probably a kind of rivalry with the great Byzantine Empire.
The Golden Gate was built during the reign of Yaroslav the Wise. Some sources say that the date of creation of the monument of defense architecture is considered to be 1164, others call 1037. Latest version confirm the "Tale of Bygone Years", which mentions these Kyiv gates, and the fact that the prince died in 1054. Initially, the gate was a fairly wide arch with a battle platform above it. The site was crowned by the white stone Church of the Annunciation, so that guests knew that they had arrived in a Christian city. The structure amazed with its grandeur and inaccessibility. The Kyiv Gate got its name from the triumphal Golden Gate of Constantinople. Perhaps this is how Rus' competed with the great Byzantine Empire.
In general, the main city gates, built in 1164, differed from similar structures erected in Europe. The Church of the Annunciation above the battle tower emphasized that here was the entrance to the Christian city, and the general appearance of the building was more reminiscent of the triumphal Golden Gate of Constantinople.
In 1240, the gate was badly damaged during the attack on Kyiv by Batu Khan. From the notes and drawings of travelers it becomes clear that by the 17th century the fortress was severely destroyed. It was brought into a presentable form only in 1982, when Kyiv celebrated its 1500th anniversary. But the reconstruction was carried out in a hurry, low-quality concrete and wooden fortifications began to quickly collapse, and the gates fell into disrepair again. The next restoration was carried out in the 21st century, in 2007.
The Golden Gate in Kyiv is included in the List World Heritage UNESCO.
Now inside the pavilion there is a museum where you can see the preserved parts of the fortifications and learn the history of the Golden Gate. There is also a staircase along which you can climb and admire the panorama of modern Kyiv.