The modern flag of the Republic of Kalmykia was created according to a sketch by the artist B.B. Erdneeva. In July 1993, the flag was approved and has since been official symbol independent republic.
Flag description
The flag of Kalmykia is a yellow rectangle with an image of a white lotus placed in a circle the color of the sky. The color of the sun or the color of gold is a Buddhist symbol of faith. Blue color is a symbol of sky and freedom. In the generally accepted interpretation, blue color is a symbol of eternity and constancy. The lotus flower is one of the most ancient symbols in Buddhism. It symbolizes the purity of the soul, the desire for happiness and prosperity.
The emblem with a flower is located in the center of the panel. In the picture, a lotus flower is depicted with nine snow-white petals, five of which reach towards the sky, and four look down. Each of the upper petals of the flower symbolizes one of the five continents of the world. The personification of the four cardinal directions is a row of lower petals. The emblem of the Republic of Kalmykia was conceived as a symbol of friendship and cooperation of all countries and peoples of the world.
The pole to which the flag is attached ends with a tip similar to the tongues of a red fire. The symbol of the union is also depicted on the shaft ancient people Kalmyks in the form of four crossed circles.
Coat of arms of the Republic of Kalmykia
4 facts from the history of creation
Today this is the fourth version of the state symbol of the Republic of Kalmykia.
The first flag of Kalmykia was approved in 1937. On the red cloth in the left corner in gold letters and in two languages: Russian and Kalmyk it was written - “R.S.F.S.R. R.S.F.S.R. Kalmytskaya A.S.S.R. HALMG A.S.S.R.”
On the second flag, a pentagonal star was drawn on top, and below it was the symbol of the USSR - a hammer and sickle. Also, a blue stripe was added to the left edge of the rectangle across the entire width of the flag. Such changes occurred in 1978.
In 1992, after the independence of the republic was recognized (1991), the name of the state changed to the Republic of Kalmykia - Khalmg Tangch. In the same year, the symbol of the republic was changed and the third flag of the Republic of Kalmykia appeared.
The large panel now had three different horizontal stripes: the top stripe was bright blue, the bottom was scarlet, and the middle stripe was bright yellow. On the yellow stripe the ancient word “Kalmyk” was written in red letters.
Now we have a fourth flag, which we called “Ulan Zalata Khalmg”.
Flag sizes
The ratio of the flag's length to width is 2:1, and the ratio of the radius of the circle to the width of the flag to the radius of the circle is 7:2.
Capital: Elista
Total area: 76,100 km²
Date of formation: 9. 1. 1957
Population: 278,855
Currency: Russian ruble (RUB)
Calling code: 847
Colors: yellow, blue, white
Shapes: lotus, circle
Continent: ,
On the instructions of President K. Ilyumzhinov, the development of a new flag began in April 1993. On the 100th anniversary of his reign, the flag was designed and adopted.
The new flag of the republic was approved by Parliament Resolution No. 65-IX of July 30, 1993. The flag of "Ulan Zalata Khalmg" consists of a golden-yellow panel, in the center of which there is a blue circle with a white lotus flower consisting of 9 petals. The length of the flag is twice its width, the ratio of the radius of the circle to the width of the flag is 2:7. The author of the flag (and coat of arms) is B.B. Erdniev.
The golden color symbolizes Buddhism, the sun; blue is the color of the sky, eternity and constancy, lotus is a traditional symbol of purity, happiness, spiritual rebirth.
Five lotus petals directed upward symbolize the five continents, 4 directed downwards symbolize the four cardinal directions. That is, in in this case the lotus can be interpreted as a symbol of friendship between people all over the world.
The flag received the name "Ulan Zalata Halmg", and the coat of arms - the name "Schulde". Unfortunately, I am not an expert in the Kalmyk language. But nevertheless, I will make one hypothesis. It is quite possible that the Kalmyk names of the flag and coat of arms are confused in the Russian translation. Judge for yourself: “ulan zala” is the name of the red tassel on the headdress, which in the 15th century all Oirats (Kalmyks) were required to wear. And it is this tassel that is the main element of the coat of arms. The flag depicts a lotus, which is in no way connected with the tassel of the headdress. Agree that the term “Ulan Zala” has much more in common with the term “Ulan Zalata Halmg” than with “Schulde”. I repeat that this is just my hypothesis. Only experts in the Kalmyk language can confirm or refute it.
The flag of Kalmykia is included in the State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation under No. 151.
In 1994, a new Constitution was approved - the Steppe Code. In accordance with it, on June 11, 1996, Law No. 44-I-3 “On State Symbols of the Republic of Kalmykia” was adopted (by laws of January 3, 1999 No. 7-II-3 and March 12, 1999 No. 14-II-3 in it amendments were made that did not relate to the essence of the issue).
The coat of arms and flag are confirmed by this law. Official Description the flag sounds like this:
Article 2.
The state flag of the Republic of Kalmykia - Khalmg Tangchin Tug is a rectangular panel of golden yellow color, in the middle of which there is a blue circle with a white lotus flower consisting of nine petals. The upper five petals of the lotus represent the five continents of the globe, the lower four petals represent the four cardinal directions, symbolizing the desire of the peoples of the republic for friendship and cooperation with all peoples of the world.
The state flag of the Republic of Kalmykia - Khalmg Tangchin tug is attached to a pole topped with a red tip in the shape of a “tongue of flame” with contour outlines on it ancient symbol Derben Oiratov - four circles fastened together, at the base of which there is a “uhlan hall”.
The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 1: 2. The ratio of the radius of the circle to the width of the flag is 1: 3.5. The ratio of the length of the tip to the width of the flag is 1: 4.5
Municipal organization of Kalmykia:
-municipal areas:
Gorodovikovsky (Gorodovikovsk city), Iki-Burulsky (Iki-Burul village), Lagansky (Lagan city), Maloderbetovsky (Malye Derbety village), Oktyabrsky municipal district, Ketchenerovsky (Ketchenery village), Priyutnensky (Priyutnoye village) , Sarpinsky (Sadovoye village), Tselinny (Troitskoye village), Chernozemelsky (Komsomolsky village), Yustinsky (Tsagan-Aman village), Yashaltinsky (Yashalta village), Yashkulsky (Yashkul village);
-urban district "city of Elista" (until 2006 - Elista municipality).
The municipal districts include rural settlements and urban settlements "city of Lagan", "city of Gorodovikovsk".
The official symbols of Kalmykia are distinguished by their elegant originality, beauty and uniqueness, in particular the republican flag. It is worth noting that the flag, like Kalmyk coat of arms characterized by uncongested symbolism and a restrained, sparse color scheme. The rigor of the design and its inherent harmony make the flag unusual and memorable.
Image
The flag of the Republic of Kalmykia looks like this:
- The rectangular canvas is painted in a yellow-golden hue.
- In the center of the panel there is a blue circle on which an open lotus flower is depicted.
- The lotus has nine petals, five upper and four lower.
The similarity of the symbols of Kalmykia
The symbols of the Republic of Kalmykia and the flag have a number of similar features, namely:
- Color spectrum. The presence of three primary colors - white, yellow and blue.
- Lotus flower. White color OK lotus in the central part of the panel and its petals at the base of the coat of arms.
- The main geometric form of Kalmyk symbolism is a circle. There is a circle on the flag - a flower is inscribed in it. The emblem of the coat of arms itself is also a circle. The circle is also used in other armorial elements: in the sign of the four circles of Derben-Oirat, which itself is placed in a circle.
- The sign of four circles and the “lancer of the hall” on the coat of arms and on the tip of the shaft to which the banner is attached.
Story
The current flag is not the only one in the history of the republic.
1937 The Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic received as a flag a red cloth with the abbreviation “RSFSR” and the name of the republic in two languages (Russian and Kalmyk), typed in gold letters and located in four lines one below the other in the upper left corner of the field.
In 1978, the Kalmyk Autonomous Region, and later the restored KASSR, existed under a changed flag. A vertical blue stripe appeared on the red field on the left, in the canton there was a golden sickle and hammer with a star, under them there were the names of the republic in two lines in two languages - Russian and Kalmyk.
Towards a modern image
Before development modern version The flag of the republic for nine months of 1992-1993 had a symbol of this type: a canvas divided into three stripes of blue, yellow, and red. Middle lane twice as wide as the other two. On it, in the center in a circle drawn with red paint, is a hieroglyph sign. It consists of two horizontal wavy lines complemented by a vertical image similar to a flame of fire. In Old Kalmyk writing this symbol deciphered as the concepts of “beginning” and “man”. This sign was also deciphered as “Kalmyk”. The creator of this flag is P.Ts. Bitkeyev. It is based on the flag of the Don Cossacks.
Symbolism and color scheme
The central symbol of the flag is the lotus flower. On the canvas he is depicted in a circle painted blue. The lotus itself is depicted in full bloom; it has nine petals, divided into lower and upper. There are 4 lower ones, 5 upper ones. The first ones indicate the cardinal directions, and the last ones - the continents of the Earth.
The lotus is often used in Buddhist symbolism as a synonym for purity of thoughts, the desire for well-being and prosperity. However, in this case, it, first of all, plays the role of a unifying symbol, denoting the peaceful coexistence and friendship of the peoples of the whole world. It is no coincidence that the flower itself is enclosed in geometric figure devoid of angles is a circle. This is also symbolic, for the circle represents unity.
Color solution
The color palette is also symbolic:
- The predominant yellow color on the canvas is associated with the Kalmyk religion - Buddhism, and with the veneration of the sun by the Kalmyk ancestors. Yellow here also denotes strength and greatness.
- Blue is the color of water and sky, it symbolizes immutability and constancy, and is also traditionally considered a symbol of eternity.
- The lotus petals and the flower itself are painted white. White color has always been associated with such concepts as light, harmony, purity, peace, mutual respect, openness, truthfulness, nobility. The image of a flower in bloom only emphasizes symbolic meaning colors.
The color scheme of the flag is small and harmonious. It is limited to only three shades, which combine perfectly with each other, although they belong to different color categories, namely: yellow is considered to be warm tones, blue – to cold, and white – to neutral.
- The flag of Kalmykia is registered in the State Heraldic Register of Russia following the coat of arms under number 151.
- Kalmyk emigrants had their own symbol of the 1932 model, similar to modern flag republics. On its yellow field, in the center there is a blue circle, inside of which there is a flying eagle, and along the perimeter of the circle there are nine yak tails.
- The geometric ratio of the width of the panel to its length is 1:2, and the ratio of the radius of the circle on it to the width of the field is 1:3.5.
- The flag was designed for the hundred-day anniversary of the presidency of Kirsan Nikolaevich Ilyumzhinov (1993-2010).
- The Kalmyk flag has the name “Khalmg Tangchin Tug”, which translated means “flag of the Kalmyk people”.
The flag of Kalmykia, in its composition and the meaning of the elements used, carries a creative, peace-loving meaning. The identity of the symbols of the flag and coat of arms emphasizes the unity of the national ideology of the Kalmyks, aimed at peaceful coexistence with all peoples of the world.
At the top of the coat of arms, which is meant as consciousness, there is a dorvn toolg - a symbol of the union of the four Oirat tribes - these are the origins of the Kalmyk people. This ancient sign also means life in peace and harmony with all peoples inhabiting the four corners of the world. In the central part of the coat of arms, where the soul is implied, there is a lancer of the hall.
The coat of arms of the Republic of Kalmykia - Khalmg Tangich sulde is an image of "Ulan Zala" and "Khadak" in a circle of golden yellow color framed by the national ornament "zeg" on a blue background, at the base of which are the petals of a white lotus flower. At the top of the coat of arms is an image of the ancient symbol of Derben - the Oirats - four circles fastened together.
Explanation:
At the top of the coat of arms, which is meant as consciousness, there is a dorvn toolg - a symbol of the union of the four Oirat tribes - these are the origins of the Kalmyk people. This ancient sign also means life in peace and harmony with all peoples inhabiting the four corners of the world.
In the central part of the coat of arms, where the soul is implied, there is a lancer of the hall.
Historical origin of the Ulan Hall:
In 1437, the Oirat leader Gogon-taisha signed a special decree on the obligatory wearing by the Oirat of the uhlan zala on their headdresses, as a distinctive sign from other peoples of the East.
In 1750, Dondeok Daishi issued a law confirming the above decree.
And finally, in 1822, at the Zenzelinsky meeting of Kalmyk noyons, zaisangs, lamas and gelungs, a decision was made: “Everyone should have a lancer on their cap and every man should wear a braid”...
Ulan Hall contains a symbolic meaning. When Buddhists pray and meditate, according to the teachings of the Buddha, the millennial leaf opens on the back of the head. White Lotus. When they pray, they fold the palms of both hands and raise them above their heads. At this moment, by Buddhist teachings, the door of consciousness opens. Then the worshipers touch their hands to the chin, mouth and chest, thereby opening the doors of speech and soul. This ritual carries with it the purification of the mind, consciousness, speech and soul, as well as the knowledge of the truth. This ritual also implied that a person’s consciousness was always open. Therefore, the wearing of a lancer hall (on the highest place - the head), symbolizing the sacred white lotus, was introduced.
In the circle framing the ulan hall and the dorvn toolg, a “zeg” ornament is depicted, testifying to the nomadic way of life in the past and the bright path of prosperity.
The basis of the coat of arms is a white lotus - a symbol of spiritual purity, rebirth and prosperity.
The coat of arms has blue, yellow and white colors.
Blue color means eternity, freedom and constancy. This is the favorite color of the steppe nomads. Yellow- this is the color of the people’s religion, this is the color of their skin and, finally, this is the personification of the fact that Kalmykia will always be sunny.
The Ulan hall is crowned with a white khadak. The white color means our peaceful views, friendly relations with all peoples living both in Kalmykia and beyond.
By State emblem Kalmykia is the artist Erdneev Bata Badmaevich. The coat of arms was adopted based on the results of a competition for best project The State Emblem and State Flag of the Republic of Kalmykia, in which Badendaev S.N., Montyshev V.M., Khartskhaev D.Kh., Erdneev B.B. participated.
The flag of the Republic of Kalmykia - Khalmg Tangchin Tug is a rectangular panel of golden-yellow tsevt, in the middle of which there is a blue circle with a white lotus flower consisting of nine petals. The flag is attached to a staff topped with a red tip in the shape of a “tongue of flame” with the contour outlines on it of the ancient symbol of the Derben Oirotov - four crossed circles, at the base of which is the “Ulan of the Hall”. The aspect ratio of the flag is 1:2.
The yellow fabric of the flag, as well as the color of the coat of arms, signifies the religion of the people, the color of their skin, the sun-drenched republic. In the center of the flag there is a blue circle in which a white lotus is depicted, signifying the road to a bright future, to prosperity, well-being and happiness of the peoples of Kalmykia.
The author of the State Flag of the Republic of Kalmykia is the artist Erdneev Bata Badmaevich. The flag was adopted based on the results of a competition for the best design of the State Emblem and State Flag of the Republic of Kalmykia, in which Badendaev S.N., Montyshev V.M., Khartskhaev D.Kh., Erdneev B.B. participated.
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