Description
“Ulan Zalata Khalmg” is the local name for the republican flag of Kalmykia, which is a horizontally elongated yellow panel with a round emblem in the center of the flag. On a round blue background is depicted White flower lotus with nine petals. The full-size flag of the Republic is mounted on a staff with a specially shaped red tip.
Symbolism
The yellow (golden) color of the background of the cloth symbolizes the sun and Buddhism as the main religion of the Kalmyks. The blue color represents the sky, and in the traditional heraldic interpretation it is a symbol of constancy and eternity. White color means peace, unity and openness. The lotus flower is an image of purity and spiritual rebirth. A lotus with nine petals symbolizes world peace: the top five petals represent the continents, the bottom four petals represent the cardinal directions.
Story
The official flag of Kalmykia was designed for the anniversary of the hundred-day reign of President of the Republic Kirsan Ilyumzhinov and adopted on July 30, 1993. This year the republican flag of Kalmykia celebrated its twentieth anniversary.
The modern flag of the Republic of Kalmykia was created according to a sketch by the artist B.B. Erdneeva. In July 1993, the flag was approved and since then has been official symbol independent republic.
Flag description
The flag of Kalmykia is a yellow rectangle with an image of a white lotus placed in a circle the color of the sky. The color of the sun or the color of gold is a Buddhist symbol of faith. Blue color is a symbol of sky and freedom. In the generally accepted interpretation, blue color is a symbol of eternity and constancy. The lotus flower is one of the most ancient symbols in Buddhism. It symbolizes the purity of the soul, the desire for happiness and prosperity.
The emblem with a flower is located in the center of the panel. In the picture, a lotus flower is depicted with nine snow-white petals, five of which reach towards the sky, and four look down. Each of the upper petals of the flower symbolizes one of the five continents of the world. The personification of the four cardinal directions is a row of lower petals. The emblem of the Republic of Kalmykia was conceived as a symbol of friendship and cooperation of all countries and peoples of the world.
The pole to which the flag is attached ends with a tip similar to the tongues of a red fire. The symbol of the union is also depicted on the shaft ancient people Kalmyks in the form of four crossed circles.
Coat of arms of the Republic of Kalmykia
4 facts from the history of creation
Today this is already the fourth version state symbol Republic of Kalmykia.
The first flag of Kalmykia was approved in 1937. On the red cloth in the left corner in gold letters and in two languages: Russian and Kalmyk it was written - “R.S.F.S.R. R.S.F.S.R. Kalmytskaya A.S.S.R. HALMG A.S.S.R.”
On the second flag, a pentagonal star was drawn on top, and below it was the symbol of the USSR - a hammer and sickle. Also, a blue stripe was added to the left edge of the rectangle across the entire width of the flag. Such changes occurred in 1978.
In 1992, after the independence of the republic was recognized (1991), the name of the state changed to the Republic of Kalmykia - Khalmg Tangch. In the same year, the symbol of the republic was changed and the third flag of the Republic of Kalmykia appeared.
The large panel now sported three different horizontal stripes: a bright blue stripe on top, scarlet on the bottom, and middle lane was bright yellow. On the yellow stripe the ancient word “Kalmyk” was written in red letters.
Now we have a fourth flag, which we called “Ulan Zalata Khalmg”.
Flag sizes
The ratio of the flag's length to width is 2:1, and the ratio of the radius of the circle to the width of the flag to the radius of the circle is 7:2.
Capital: Elista
Total area: 76,100 km²
Date of formation: 9. 1. 1957
Population: 278,855
Currency: Russian ruble (RUB)
Calling code: 847
Colors: yellow, blue, white
Shapes: lotus, circle
Continent: ,
Description of the presentation by individual slides:
1 slide
Slide description:
MBOU "Artesian Secondary comprehensive school No. 2" Title of the work: "Symbols of the Republic of Kalmykia." Nomination: multimedia publications Type of work: multimedia presentation Information about the author: Sharashkieva Amulanga, 5th grade student Information about the consultant: Dzhinkeeva Irina Davidovna, teacher
2 slide
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I live in the Republic of Kalmykia. Republic of Kalmykia (Kalm. Khalmg Tangch) - republic, subject Russian Federation, is part of the Southern Federal District. The capital is the city of Elista. It borders in the south with the Republic of Dagestan, in the southwest - with the Stavropol Territory, in the west - with the Rostov region, in the northwest - with Volgograd region, in the east - with the Astrakhan region.
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The ancestors of modern Kalmyks, who roamed the upper reaches of the Yenisei River, in an area called Sekizmuren (Eight Rivers), were conquered by Genghis Khan in 1208 and in the Mongol army formed the left wing - dzuun gar (hence the names - Dzungars, Dzungaria). Initially, the Kalmyks lived in Dzungaria (which was the name of the vast country between Altai, Tien Shan, the Gobi Desert and Lake Balkhash; in our time, only the northern part of East Turkestan or Xinjiang is called Dzungaria), where, after the fall of the Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368, the Tsoros tribes ( Dzungars), Derbets, Torgouts and Khoshouts entered into an alliance "Derben Oirot", i.e. “four close ones”, whence the first historical self-name of the Kalmyks - Oirots (“close ones”). At the beginning of the 17th century, with the increasing onslaught of the Khalkha Mongols, Han feudal lords and Kazakh khans, the ancestors of the Kalmyks migrated to the Russian state. In the Volga steppes, Kalmyks (over 250 thousand people in 50 thousand tents) appeared in 1632 under the leadership of the Torgout Khan Kho-Urlyuk and occupied the left and right banks of the Volga River from Samara to the Caspian Sea and Kuban. In 1635, the example of Kho-Urlyuk was followed by the Khoshout tribes, led by Turu-Baihu (Gushi Khan), who did not want to obey Bator Khuntaiji, who in 1638 proclaimed himself the All-Oirat Khan. History of the formation of the Republic of Kalmykia
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Since then, the modern self-name of the Kalmyks has appeared - “khalmg”, literally “remnant”, i.e. those who did not submit to Bator Khuntaiji. In the sparsely populated steppes of the lower Volga, along the Don and Manych, they formed the Kalmyk Khanate, inner life which was determined by the “Steppe Code” (Tsaarzhin bichik). Due to the oppression of the tsarist administration in 1771, the overwhelming majority of Kalmyks, led by Ubushi Khan, went to China, 2/3 of whom died during the transition. In the Kalmyk steppe, only that part of the Kalmyks remained, 13 thousand families, who did not have time to cross the Volga and were detained by the tsarist administration. The Kalmyk Khanate was abolished and the Kalmyk uluses were transferred to the administration of the Astrakhan provincial authorities. In the 1780-90s. Don Kalmyks were included in the Don Army Region and were included in the Cossack class. In 1861, Bolshederbetovsky ulus was transferred from Astrakhan to Stavropol province. On March 25, 1917, Kalmyk noyons and zaisangs convened a congress, which petitioned the Russian Provisional Government for the creation of a Kalmyk Cossack army and autonomy for the Kalmyk people. On July 1, 1917, by decision of the Provisional Government, the Steppe Region of the Kalmyk people was formed, and in September 1917, a separate Kalmyk Cossack army. On November 4, 1920, by a joint resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, the Kalmyk Autonomous Region was created from parts of the territories of the Astrakhan, Tsaritsyn, Stavropol provinces, Don and Terek regions.
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In 1990, a declaration was adopted on the sovereignty and transformation of Kalmykia into a union republic (USSR). In 1993, Kirsan Ilyumzhinov was elected the first president of the Republic of Kalmykia. In 1994, the “Steppe Code (Constitution) of the Republic of Kalmykia” was adopted, so named in memory of the “constitution” of the Dzungar Khanate, which confirmed the status of the republic as a subject and an integral part of the Russian Federation, while simultaneously declaring the continuity of the Dzungar Khanate - the Republic of Kalmykia.
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The state flag of the Republic of Kalmykia is a rectangular panel of golden yellow color, in the middle of which there is a blue circle with a white lotus flower consisting of nine petals. “Ulan Zalata Khalmg” is the local name of the republican flag of Kalmykia. The yellow (golden) color of the background of the flag symbolizes the sun and Buddhism as the main religion of the Kalmyks. The blue color represents the sky, and in the traditional heraldic interpretation it is a symbol of constancy and eternity. White color means peace, unity and openness. The lotus flower is an image of purity and spiritual rebirth. A lotus with nine petals symbolizes world peace: the upper five petals represent the continents, the lower four petals represent the cardinal directions, symbolizing the desire of the peoples of the republic for friendship and cooperation with all peoples of the world.
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The state flag of the Republic of Kalmykia is attached to a pole topped with a red tip in the shape of a “tongue of flame.” The official flag of Kalmykia was designed for the anniversary of the hundred-day reign of President of the Republic Kirsan Ilyumzhinov and adopted on July 30, 1993.
8 slide
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The coat of arms of the Republic of Kalmykia is “Sulde”. In the center of the coat of arms is an image of an element of the national headdress - “ulan zala” (red tassel) and “khadak” (white scarf) in a circle of golden yellow color framed by the national ornament “zeg” on a blue background, at the base of which are the petals of a white flower lotus The author of the design of the coat of arms is the artist Bata Badmaevich Erdniev.
Slide 9
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At the top of the coat of arms is the image of “dorvn tool”, ancient symbol union of four Oirat tribes: four circles connected to each other. These are the origins of the Kalmyk people. The most ancient sign also means life in peace and harmony with all peoples inhabiting the four corners of the world. The basis of the coat of arms is White Lotus- a symbol of spiritual purity, revival and prosperity. The coat of arms has blue, yellow and white colors. Blue color means eternity, freedom and constancy. This is the favorite color of the steppe nomads. Yellow- this is the color of the people’s religion, this is the color of their skin and, finally, this is the personification of the fact that Kalmykia will always be sunny. The Ulan hall is crowned with a white khadak. The white color means our peaceful views, friendly relations with all peoples living both in Kalmykia and beyond.
Slide description:
Ulan Hall contains a symbolic meaning. When Buddhists pray and meditate, according to the teachings of Buddha, a thousand-leaved white lotus opens at the back of the head. When they pray, they fold the palms of both hands and raise them above their heads. At this moment, by Buddhist teachings, the door of consciousness opens. Then the worshipers touch their hands to the chin, mouth and chest, thereby opening the doors of speech and soul. This ritual carries with it the purification of the mind, consciousness, speech and soul, as well as the knowledge of the truth. This ritual also implied that a person’s consciousness was always open. Therefore, the wearing of a lancer hall (on the highest place - the head), symbolizing the sacred white lotus, was introduced.
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In my Republic, from generation to generation, people pass on the desire to live in peace and harmony, to respect the traditions and customs of all peoples. We, children, are the future of our Motherland. And without the past there is no future. Therefore, we try to study the history of our people, to know the symbolism of Kalmykia and Russia. On a yellow cloth, against the background of the blue sky, a lotus with nine petals opened. Bright sun, blue sky- symbols of constancy and eternity. The lotus petals united into one whole, like the continents of the globe. Let the peoples of all continents live in peace and harmony. Let there be no wars and sorrow on earth. Let the children laugh and the sun shine brightly. Let the birds sing and people all over the planet be friends.