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Lydia Ruslanova. Queen of Russian folk song
From orphan childhood to captivity and national glory. Performer's share folk songs Lydia Andreevna Ruslanova faced difficult trials. She was left without parents early, as part of the front-line brigades she reached the Reichstag, survived repression, but throughout her life she carried a bright smile and love for folk songs.
“For as long as I can remember, a song has always been near me”
She has been surrounded by songs since childhood. “In the village they sang from the heart, sacredly believing in a special, above-ground life - both “cries” and songs of joy”. They sang in the village of Chernavka, Saratov province, both at work and on walks. But the little girl was especially struck by her grandmother’s lamentations when her father went to the Russo-Japanese War. Since then, no, no, yes, she asked: “Cry, woman, for baby”.
The father did not return home from the war, and soon the mother fell ill from hard work. To cheer up her mother, her daughter sang to her, imagining that the stove was a stage. But three children were still orphans, and then the song helped them earn their bread. At the age of eight, Lidiya Ruslanova ended up in an orphanage. A unique opportunity arose to study and sing in a church choir - immediately as a soloist. People came from all over the city to listen to the orphan sing.
“In the complete silence of the majestic temple, against the fading background of an adult choir, a voice arose. Its sound grew and grew, without losing its original purity for a moment... And I was scared when I came into contact with this magic, I trembled when I heard the whisper of a nun standing next to me: “Angel! Heavenly angel!
Playwright and screenwriter Joseph Prut, 1908
Songs of the war years
Lidia Ruslanova also sang at the furniture factory where she ended up after the shelter. The repertoire was enriched with urban romances. Almost immediately after her first public speech in front of Saratov deputies, 16-year-old Lida went to the front - she worked as a nurse on an ambulance train and spoke to the wounded. During the Civil War she sang for the soldiers of the Red Army. It was in those years that the singer chose a peasant costume for her stage image - she tied a scarf, put on bast shoes, and threw on a shower jacket. Spectators lovingly called her “Saratov Bird.”
Ruslanova began her conquest of the capital with a performance at the Skomorokhi theater. Since the 20s, the artist has traveled around the Urals, Siberia and the Far East. Having earned national fame, she again went to the front during the Soviet-Finnish War. She gave dozens of concerts a month and sang while traveling. The stage became either a tank, or a sleigh, or a handcar, or the body of a truck. Protecting her health and taking preventive medications in thirty-degree frost, she received the nickname “Streptocide Lidochka.”
Lydia Ruslanova with her husband Vladimir Kryukov. Photo: maxpark.com
Front-line brigade of Moscow artists on the Southern Front. Speech by Lidia Ruslanova. Photo: chrono.ru
Lydia Ruslanova and Vladimir Kryukov. May 1945. Photo: portal-kultura.ru
The singer received her baptism of fire during the Great Patriotic War near Yelnya, singing under fire from the air. “I look, no one is even paying attention, they are listening, as in the Hall of Columns. I think it’s not right for me to sit in a trench.”. Ruslanova not only raised morale - the singer donated the money she earned before the war to produce two Katyushas, which the fighters dubbed “lidushas”.
For one of her performances, Lydia Andreevna was awarded the Order of the Red Star. She sang on a camp radio, and the loudspeaker broadcast the sound to the entire area. The Germans, listening, ceased fire, and our troops reformed for the offensive. There were also unusual concerts in the life of Lydia Ruslanova - for one listener, a wounded soldier who could not move. The singer sang right in the ward.
The most famous concert of Lydia Ruslanova... 1120th was at the walls of the Reichstag. The best poster for the “People's Artist Guard,” as it was called in those heroic years, was the charcoal painting on the column, next to the names of other soldiers. On May 2, 1945, the singer performed with a Cossack ensemble. They sang until late at night. The soldiers asked to sing their favorite songs, most often “Valenki”.
“You will be exhausted until you comprehend the soul of the song”
With a smile, in a sing-song voice, from the first musical phrase, the song “Valenki” became one of Lydia Ruslanova’s favorites in the repertoire. The once gypsy song was released on gramophone records three times before it received a completely new sound. It took root on its own. As the singer herself said, she saw just such felt boots on one of the soldiers - “not sewn up, they’re old.” Ruslanova sang “Valenki” on the front line, at each of the thousands of front-line concerts. Also for an encore.
During the war, Lydia Andreevna met her fourth husband, cavalry general Vladimir Kryukov. In 1948, he was arrested in connection with a “military conspiracy” case. While on tour in Kazan, the singer herself was detained for “anti-Soviet propaganda.” All recordings of Lydia Ruslanova were discontinued and banned from open concerts and radio broadcasts. The singer was sentenced to ten years in forced labor camps and sent to Irkutsk region. There, on the stage of the camp canteen, she sang for the prisoners. In 1953, Lydia Ruslanova and her husband were released. The very first concert from the Tchaikovsky Hall was broadcast on the radio throughout the country. “To some a foxtrot, and to others a Russian song,” answered Ruslanova.
After one of the concerts at Rosselmash, when the workers did not let the singer leave the stage, and the lunch break was long over, they promised to work. And they worked - they exceeded the plan by 123 percent. Ruslanova carried her love for Russian song throughout her life. She collected folk Siberian, Central Russian and Cossack songs. Numerous song competitions from Saratov to Kozelsk are dedicated to her memory.
The singer performed in front of foreign guests only in peasant clothes, for which she was called “the queen of Russian folk song.” And in everyday life, Lidia Andreevna loved Russian style - from furniture to dishes and paintings. The singer said that she respects Europe, but loves her country painfully.
In the Penza region, many cultural institutions hosted events dedicated to creativity our fellow countrywoman - famous singer Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova. Yes, on her small homeland In the historical and cultural center of the village of Klyuchi, Maloserdobinsky district, the Ruslanov Song Festival was held, dedicated to the 115th anniversary of the singer’s birth. Every year in the regional center it is held Competition of folk song performers named after Lidia Ruslanova “Pearls of Russia”, in Penza one of the city streets is named after the famous singer...
Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova (at birth Praskovya Andrianovna Leikina-Gorshenina was born on October 14 (27), 1900 in the village of Chernavka, Serdobsky district, Saratov province (now the territory of the Penza region). Honored Artist of the RSFSR. The main place in Ruslanova’s repertoire was occupied by Russians folk songs. Lidiya Ruslanova was one of the most popular singers in the USSR, and her performance of Russian folk songs is considered the standard.
Lidiya Ruslanova had a beautiful and in a strong voice wide range. She created her own style of performing folk songs, which she collected all her life. Among her most popular songs are: “Steppe and steppe all around”, “Century-old linden tree”, “I walked up the hill”, “Golden Mountains”, “The moon turned crimson”, “The month is shining”, “Valenki” and many others. Lidia Ruslanova also performed songs Soviet composers. She was one of the first to perform “Katyusha...
Childhood and youth
Agafya Leikina, the future singer Lidia Ruslanova, was born into a poor peasant Old Believer family. According to her mother, she belonged to the Erzya people. In addition to Agafya, the family had two more children - Yulia and Avdey. Her father, Andrei Markelovich Leikin, worked as a loader at the pier.
At that time, they sang a lot in the villages: at field work, at gatherings and at festivities. “In the village they sang from the heart, sacredly believing in a special, above-ground life, both laments and songs of joy,” the singer later recalled. In her family, her grandmother sang well, and her father’s brother, Uncle Yasha, was a village celebrity. “A nugget of a very high standard,” as Lydia Ruslanova later called him, Yasha sang at village holidays, gatherings and weddings. He knew a lot of songs. But most of all, listeners appreciated his “improvisations.”
Elena Ivanovna Mironova and Tatyana Ivanovna Nefedova - aunt and mother of Lydia Ruslanova
Immediately after the start of the Russo-Japanese War, Agafya’s father, the only breadwinner in the family, was drafted into the army.
“The first real song I heard was crying,” said Lydia Ruslanova. - My father was taken away to become a soldier. Grandmother clung to the cart and screamed. Then I often climbed under her side and asked: “Scream, woman, for daddy!” And she screamed: “To whom have you abandoned us, clear falcon?” Grandma didn’t kill herself in vain...
Agafya's mother, Tatyana, was left alone with three children, a blind mother-in-law and a sick father-in-law. She was forced to get a job at a brick factory in Saratov. The children were sheltered by their father's parents, who themselves lived in poverty. The mother of the future singer did not work at the factory for long - she overstrained herself and fell ill. Sick, she lay motionless on the bench, and Agafya walked, as if on a stage, on a Russian stove and sang everything she knew - both village songs and city ones. Everyone was surprised: “What a memorable little devil.”
Agafya was barely six years old when her mother died. The father did not return home. The notice stated that he was missing. In reality, he was alive, but he had lost his leg.
Caring for the family fell on Agafya and the blind grandmother. They walked around Saratov and the surrounding villages, sang and “rejoiced Christ.” Agafya sang, screamed like a hare and a frog, and the grandmother wailed: “Orphans, their mother died, but their father sheds blood for the faith, the Tsar and the Fatherland, give me a penny.” The performances were a success. The street singer was even invited to rich merchant houses. Soon my grandmother also died. Agafya was seven years old at that time.
Walking with the bag lasted almost a year, until the widow of an official who died in the war drew attention to the talented girl. Russo-Japanese War. Taking pity on the orphans, she decided to place the children in orphanages at her own expense. She wrote a petition for each one, went to the authorities and ensured that all the children were placed.
The eldest was placed in the best Saratov orphanage at the Kinoviyskaya Church, which had its own children’s church choir. But since children of the peasant class were not taken there, and the girl’s name and surname - Agafya Leikina - betrayed her peasant origin, a fictitious letter appeared with a new name and surname: Lidia Ruslanova.
In the church of the Mariinsky Orphanage. 1911
At the orphanage, Lydia entered the first grade of the parochial school. She was accepted into the choir and immediately became a soloist. She sang at holidays and funerals. Not only singing, but also artistic talent was revealed at the shelter. At needlework, which she was not good at, her friends completed her lesson, just to listen to the “outlandish stories” immediately composed, during which one of the characters had to sing.
The choir director gave Lida Special attention. Soon all of Saratov knew her under the name “Sirota,” and those who wanted to listen to her flocked to the temple where she sang. After the Sunday holidays, she returned to the shelter, and everyday life began - rehearsals, where punishment followed for every wrong note. Joseph Prut, who heard her singing in 1908 during Holy Week, subsequently described his impressions as follows:
- In the complete silence of the majestic temple, a voice arose against the fading background of an adult choir. Its sound grew and grew, without losing its original purity for a moment. And it seemed to me that no one - including me - was breathing in this mass of people. And the voice sounded stronger and stronger, and there was something mystical in it, something so incomprehensible... And I was scared, having come into contact with this magic, I trembled when I heard the whisper of the nun standing next to me: “Angel! Heavenly angel!..” The voice began to fade, disappearing, it dissolved under the dome of the temple, melted as unexpectedly as it had appeared.
On the porch of the church, a one-legged soldier with a St. George's cross was begging for alms - Lidi's father and Ruslanova. Both pretended that they did not know each other, because if it became known that the Orphan had a breadwinner, she could be expelled from the orphanage. Andrei Leikin got married after returning from the front, but did not take the children - he could not feed them. At the end of the next winter he caught a cold, contracted pneumonia and died in a hospital for the poor.
After the shelter, Lydia was sent as an apprentice to a furniture factory. For some time she lived with her uncle and worked in various factories. The song helped Ruslanova: “everyone helped me for the songs.” Her voice was heard by Mikhail Medvedev, a teacher at the Saratov Conservatory. He took Lydia Ruslanova to the conservatory and predicted an opera career for her. Some students covered their noses from Ruslanova: “You smell like polish,” and Lydia answered them: “Now I’ll sing to you, and you’ll smell the field and flowers.”
Saratov. Alekseevskaya Conservatory before the start of reconstruction of the building in 1902-12.
The singer studied there for two years, but in the end she decided that she would perform folk songs: “I realized that I couldn’t be an academic singer. My whole strength was in spontaneity, in natural feeling, in unity with the world where the song was born.”
In 1916, Lydia Ruslanova went to the front as a nurse and until October 1917 she served on a sanitary train.
Ruslanov during the years of revolutions and civil war
In 1917, Lydia Ruslanova married intendant Vitaly Stepanov, about thirty-five years old, “of the nobles.” In May 1917, her son was born. In the same year on the stage of Saratov opera house The first official concert of Lydia Ruslanova took place.
Lidiya Ruslanova
After October revolution Lydia Ruslanova toured all over the country, lived in Proskurov, Berdichev, Mogilev, Kyiv and other cities. Family life did not last long: in 1918, her husband left her and left, taking his son with him. Ruslanova was grieving the loss of her son. All her attempts not only to find, but at least to find out something about his fate, were unsuccessful.
Throughout the entire period of the civil war, Ruslanova performed in front of soldiers of the regular Red Army. Joseph Prut notes that during the civil war, Lydia Ruslanova managed to give countless solo concerts. In 1919, in Vinnitsa, Ruslanova married an employee of the Cheka, Naum Naumin.
Lydia Ruslanova appeared on stage in peasant clothes - a smart paneva, a shower jacket and bast shoes, her hair was hidden by a scarf. The concerts usually ended with “Saratov Sufferings,” after which Ruslanova majestically bowed to the ground and sedately left. At that time it was called the “Saratov Bird”. During these years, Lidia Ruslanova was engaged in self-education, read a lot, and began collecting her library.
“The civil war was going on when my husband and I began collecting a library. The book trade was conducted in an unusual manner in those years. Second-hand book dealers, students, architects, doctors - people of various professions brought books to Mokhovaya Street in Moscow. Here one could find bibliographic rarities and popular prints, classics of Russian and world literature, albums with views and photographs of all 499 members State Duma in a luxurious folder, with biographies. By chance, I then managed to acquire the Sovremennik magazine, published by Pushkin, with the autograph of the poet, as well as lifetime edition“Travels from St. Petersburg to Moscow” by Alexander Radishchev.
Ruslanova in her youth
In 1921, Lydia moved to Moscow for professional artistic work. In the same year, her debut took place in Rostov as a professional artist of the Skomorokhi variety theater.
In 1923, in Rostov-on-Don, Ruslanova made her debut as a pop singer. The first concert was a huge success. Ruslanova was noticed on the professional stage and already in the next 1924 she was invited as a soloist in Central house Red Army.
In the 20s, her style in performance, behavior on stage, and selection of concert costumes was finally formed. The theatrical and stage collection, which she collected throughout her life, included many brightly embroidered sundresses, elegant panyas, velvet warmers, colorful scarves and shawls. Lidia Ruslanova performed several times in the costume of a noblewoman, but realizing that such clothing did not harmonize with the manner of performing songs, she returned to peasant costumes. In the future, the singer always chose the outfit that best suited the repertoire and tastes of the audience: in front of the teachers she put on a strict Russian dress without decorations, and when going to the village, she chose the brightest outfit.
At rehearsals before the tour
During this period, Lydia Ruslanova established acquaintances and friendships with many musicians, writers, and artists. They, in turn, noted the singer’s acting talent. Lidia Ruslanova herself said about this: “I decided so - as soon as I feel that my voice is not sounding, I will switch to stories. I will tell Don tales, Russian epics about Bova the Prince, about Ilya Muromets, Mikula Selyaninovich, Vasilisa the Beautiful and Ivan Tsarevich... I know a lot of them, from my grandmother.”
In the 20s-30s of the last century, gramophone records became available to the mass listener. Ruslanova's recordings were released in huge numbers. Her voice sounded on the radio, which also quickly gained an audience. Ruslanova was especially popular among the military. Among the admirers of the talent was Fyodor Chaliapin. So in a letter to Alexander Mendelevich he wrote:
“I was listening to the radio last night. Caught Moscow. A Russian woman sang. She sang in our way, in the Volga way. And the voice itself is rustic. The song ended, only then did I notice that I was roaring like a beluga. And suddenly a mischievous Saratov accordion burst forth, and Saratov choruses began to flow. My entire childhood appeared before me. They announced that Lidia Ruslanova performed. Who is she? Peasant woman, probably. Talented. She sang very truthfully. If you know her, tell her a big Russian thank you from me.”
In 1929, Lydia Ruslanova divorced Naum Naumin and married the famous entertainer Mikhail Garkavi (photo above). Naumin was repressed and died in 1938. Garkavi was outwardly ugly and very obese. At the same time, he was a witty, cheerful, erudite person and was respected among artists. Mikhail Garkavi was fond of collecting. Lidia Ruslanova followed his example. She earned significant money at that time.
CIn 1933, Lidia Ruslanova worked as an artist in the music and variety department of the State Association of Musical, Variety and Circus Enterprises. In the 1930s, Lidia Ruslanova went on tour throughout Soviet Union: visited several times Far East, in the Far North, in Siberia, Transcaucasia, in the Urals, in Belarus, she sang in front of the builders of the first five-year plans, collective farmers... Her voice had great strength and endurance, allowing her to participate in four or five concerts in one evening.
In the late 30s, Lidia Ruslanova was the highest paid artist in the USSR, her voice sounded on the radio and from gramophones, and her concerts were invariably sold out. She spent the money she earned on collecting paintings by Russian artists, icons, antique furniture, jewelry, porcelain, and loved to dress up beautifully and expensively.
In 1939, the Soviet-Finnish War began. In the winter of 1940, Lydia Ruslanova went to the front as part of a concert brigade. It was thirty degrees below zero. I had to work in the most difficult conditions. We rode a handcar, a bus, an airplane, a sleigh, and sometimes skis. The plywood houses were not heated by camp stoves, so they had to not only perform, but also rest in quilted jackets. The artists slept without undressing, with their heads to the frozen wall and their feet to the stove. Many artists could not stand it. But not Ruslanova. She took streptocide so as not to lose her voice from a cold, and did not miss a single concert. In 28 days, the concert crew gave more than a hundred concerts. To support the spirit of their despondent fellow artists, Mikhail Garkavi and Ilya Nabatov came up with a game called “the shelter.” Each artist was given a nickname, which was constantly “played out.” Ruslanova herself responded to the name “Lidochka-Streptotsid”. Her repertoire in those years included not only Russian folk songs, but also works by Soviet composers... For example, the song “And who knows,” published in 1938...
Lydia Ruslanova. "And who knows"
From the concert film “Cineconcert”. 1941 Music by V. Zakharov, lyrics by M. Isakovsky
The Great Patriotic War
From the first days of the Great Patriotic War Lydia Ruslanova goes to the front as part of one of the best concert teams, which also included Vladimir Khenkin, Mikhail Garkavi, Ignatius Gedroits, and other artists. The brigade was led by theater figure and director of the Central House of Arts Workers Boris Filippov.
Lidia Ruslanova at a front-line concert. 1941
She received her baptism of fire near Yelnya. I had just finished one of the songs when Junkers appeared overhead, accompanied by Messerschmitts. Bombs fell, machine guns crackled, the earth shook from explosions... Ruslanova later recalled:
- I look, no one is even paying attention, they are listening, as in the Hall of Columns. I think it’s not right for me to sit in a trench, and it’s not right for me to interrupt the concert... In general, I withstood the Nazi raid and brought the program to the end.
Singer Tamara Tkachenko, who worked in that concert crew, recalled that they gave fifty-one concerts in seventeen days. Despite the proximity of the front, the artists did not refuse a single performance. The concerts were a success and the artists were warmly received.
At the beginning of the war, the song “Valenki” appeared in Ruslanova’s repertoire, which later became her “ business card" Lydia Ruslanova gave concerts for soldiers throughout the war. It was often necessary to perform in difficult conditions - under open air in trenches, dugouts, hospitals.
Vladimir Kryukov and Lidia Ruslanova
In April 1942, in Spas-Nudel, near Volokolamsk, where Lydia Ruslanova gave concerts in the 2nd Guards Cavalry Corps, she met Major General Vladimir Kryukov, a comrade-in-arms of Georgy Zhukov. Kryukov was a widower: his wife died in 1940, leaving her husband with a five-year-old daughter. Several times Ruslanova came to the corps at the invitation of the general. In July, Lydia Ruslanova divorced Garkavi and married Kryukov. Regarding the divorce, she said:
- Well, what can I do: I love the general, I love him with all my soul, and I feel sorry for Mishka...
Vladimir Viktorovich, as Lidiya Ruslanova later recalled, won her over by finding antique ladies’ shoes with French heels in a warehouse and presenting them to her: “He captured me with his attention. What about the shoes? Ugh! I wouldn’t give these to a housekeeper.” Immediately after the wedding with Kryukov, she went to Tashkent, took Kryukov’s daughter, Margarita, settled her in Moscow, and then raised her as her own.
Lidiya Andreevna with her daughter V.V. Kryukova Margarita
On June 28, 1942, Lydia Ruslanova was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
"Katyusha"
On your own own funds, earned during the pre-war tour, as Margarita Kryukova testifies, Lydia Ruslanova acquired two Katyusha batteries, which were sent to the First Belorussian Front in the corps commanded by her husband.
In the spring of 1945, Lydia Ruslanova, together with the advancing army, arrived in Berlin, which had not yet been liberated from Nazi troops. One officer, seeing her on the street, shouted: “Where are you going?!” Get down: they’ll kill you!” And Ruslanova looked at him and replied: “Where has it been seen that a Russian song bows to the enemy!”
Lydia Ruslanova at the walls of the Reichstag. 1945
The first performance of Russian artists in Berlin took place on May 2, 1945, near the walls of the Reichstag. Ruslanova performed with the Cossack song and dance ensemble of Mikhail Tuganov. Most of all, the soldiers asked to perform the famous “Valenki”, and the singer announced: “And now “Valenki”, not hemmed, old ones, which walked all the way to Berlin!” One of its participants, Boris Uvarov, recalled:
- First our Cossack choir sang, then Ruslanov... A lump appeared in my throat, I couldn’t hold back my tears. But this isn't just the case with me. Heroes, front-line eagles, their chests tight with awards, cried without shame. And they ordered, ordered their songs - some from Siberia, some about Mother Volga...
The concert continued until late at night. Georgy Zhukov took the order off his chest and presented it to Ruslanova. After the concert, Ruslanova signed her name with charcoal on a Reichstag column next to the names of the soldiers. Several concerts of Lydia Ruslanova took place in Berlin - at the Reichstag and at the Brandenburg Gate.
The Great Patriotic War became the pinnacle of Lidia Ruslanova's popularity. In total, she gave more than 1,120 concerts on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.
On August 24, 1945, Georgy Zhukov signed order No. 109/n: “For the successful completion of command assignments on the front of the fight against the Nazi invaders and for the courage shown, for active personal assistance in arming the Red Army with the latest technical means, award the Order of the Patriotic WarIdegree Ruslanova Lidiya Andreevna.”
(To be continued)
In her work she amazingly combined mastery in a wonderful voice and unique acting talent. It is difficult to find another Russian singer who could perform folk songs so masterfully.
Voice Lidia Ruslanova had a huge range: a low contralto with a beautiful, deep sound, turning into a middle and even high magical mezzo-soprano. As admirers of her talent say, she had a Russian voice, a rare sound, with sincerity, breadth of sound and extraordinary power of influence. She sounded amazing, performing both lyrical and dramatic songs, as well as cheerful ones with unbridled daring.
Lidiya Ruslanova had the gift of improvisation, an excellent musical memory and perfect pitch. She did not strive to perform the same repertoire all the time, but could sing the same song in a new way every time. She knew how to turn each song into a small play, interpreting them in her own way. Collecting Russian songs, she gave them new life. Each of them is a small performance about the great and majestic Russia. And the songs, seemingly lost and almost forgotten, were sung by the whole country after the singer.
Only in the pre-war years did she manage to travel throughout the country several times, giving concerts in the Urals and the Far East, in Siberia and Belarus, in the Far North and Transcaucasia... Few artists can boast of such endurance, no performer has had so much how many concert routes did you have? Ruslanova. Sometimes she participated in four or five concerts a day. Concerts featuring Lidia Ruslanova always caused a sensation, tickets were sold out instantly, there were always more people wanting to hear their favorite singer than the hall could accommodate. She turned every song into a masterpiece of song art, performing temperamentally and infectiously, without sparing herself.
Although Lidiya Ruslanova She also performed songs by Soviet composers; Russian folk songs always occupied a special place in the singer’s heart, admiring her poeticism folk art and melody of sound. She remained true to her calling and collected a huge variety of songs. Lidiya Ruslanova worked a lot before last day, but retained her talent, sang bewitchingly and fieryly, tirelessly and selflessly...
Appreciated talent Lidia Ruslanova. He wrote the following words: “Her name has become almost a household name: Ruslanova“This is a Russian song.”
Discography of Lidia Ruslanova
CD
1996 – Lidia Ruslanova sings.
2000 – Queen of Russian Song.
2001 – Great Russian performers of the 20th century. Lydia Ruslanova.
2002 – Russian folk songs. Records from the 1930s and 40s.
2007 – Names for all times. Lydia Ruslanova.
Songs performed by Lidia Ruslanova
"On the Murom path"
“Steppe and steppe all around”
“I was going up the hill”
“Katyusha came ashore”
"Peddlers"
"Felt boots"
"Like Kitty-Cat"
“The month turned crimson”
"Collective Farm Polka"
"Century linden"
"Ditties to dance"
"In the Forge"
"It's raining outside"
“Near the valley there is a viburnum bush”
"In the dugout"
"Kalinushka"
"From under the oak, from under the elm"
"You're a garden"
“Autumn Dream” (vintage waltz)
"And who knows"
“The stitch paths have become overgrown”
“My joy lives on”
"Blue scarf"
Gold Fund “Lidia Ruslanova Sings”
"Komarinskaya"
"Across the wild steppes of Transbaikalia"
"Golden Mountains"
"They say in the forest"
"The moon is shining"
"The Night is Dark"
"Gossip"
“Lake” (ditties, 1939)
"Blue scarf"
"Down the Volga River"
“When I served as a coachman at the post office”
"Saratov ditties"
“Comic refrains” (Ryazan province, 1929)
“It’s raining outside (lullaby)
"Autumn Dream"
“I’ll go out, I’ll go out into the open field”
“Oh, just blow, the downwind”
"Dugout"
"Get up and walk"
"On the pavement street"
Concert (Berlin, May 2, 1945)
"An hour and an hour"
"My Beauty Lives"
"Grow up, my Kalinushka"
"Song of the Partisans" (1933)
"Between the tall loaves"
"Mosquitoes"
"Gossip"
“Shall I go out to the river?”
“It’s Raining Outside” (lullaby)
"Luchina"
“Oh, you wide steppe”
"I go out alone on the road"
"I will sow quinoa"
“The Moon Is Shining” (1942, music and folk lyrics)
“Lost between the tall loaves of bread”
"Ditties"
"Soviet songs"
"Tula choruses"
"Samara choruses"
"Kaluga choruses"
"Kamarinskaya"
Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova (born Agafya Andreevna Leikina; (14) October 27, 1900, Chernavka village, Serdobsky district, Saratov province - September 21, 1973, Moscow) - Russian and Soviet singer, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1942). The main place in Ruslanova's repertoire was occupied by Russian folk songs. Lidiya Ruslanova was one of the most popular artists in the USSR, and her performance of Russian folk songs is considered the standard.
Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova (real name Agafya Andreevna Leikina) was born (14) October 27, 1900 in the village of Chernavka (now Saratov region) into a large peasant family of Old Believers.
At the age of six, left without parents, she walked around Saratov and the villages with her blind grandmother, they sang and begged for alms. A year later, my grandmother also died. Agafya, thanks to her talent, was placed in a shelter at the Kinovy Church. Children of the peasant class were not taken there, so she was given a certificate with a new name and surname - Lidia Ruslanova.
Ruslanova graduated from a parochial school, then from the Saratov Conservatory. She took singing lessons from the artist and teacher M.E. Medvedev.
After the revolution of 1917 began professional activity Ruslanova - she toured the country, during the civil war she performed Russian folk songs in front of the Red Army soldiers. How pop singer debuted in 1923 in Rostov-on-Don.
In the 1920s - 1930s, gramophone records with Ruslanova's recordings were released in large quantities. Her voice was often heard on the radio. Possessing a voice of great strength and endurance, Lidia Andreevna could participate in four or five concerts in one evening.
Lydia Ruslanova performed as part of a concert brigade on the fronts of the Soviet-Finnish and Patriotic Wars. In total, she gave more than 1,120 concerts on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.
The main place in the singer’s repertoire was occupied by Russian folk songs and songs by Soviet composers. Ruslanova became the first performer of “Partisan Far Eastern” (“Across the valleys and along the hills...”) arranged by Alexandrov, the songs “Partisan Zheleznyak” and “Enemies burned their native hut” by Blanter, etc.
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Lydia Ruslanova speaks to front-line soldiers.
With funds earned during the pre-war tour, Ruslanova purchased two Katyusha batteries, which were sent to the First Belorussian Front in the corps commanded by her husband. In 1948, Ruslanova was repressed and went through camps. After Stalin's death in 1956, she and her husband were released.
Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova died on September 21, 1973 from a heart attack in Moscow.
Lidiya Ruslanova - Russian folk songs
Genre: folklore
Year of disc release: 1970
Disc manufacturer: THE USSR
Audio codec:APE
Rip type: image+.cue
Audio bitrate: 44100 / 16
Duration: 48:29
Label: Melody
Catalog number: 33D 028553-54
Tracklist:
1.Steppe and steppe all around
2.You mosquitoes
3. The month turned crimson
4. Zhiguli
5. Centuries-old linden
6.Peddlers
7.Across the wild steppes of Transbaikalia
8. Saratov ditties
9. Along the street pavement
10.Golden Mountains
11.It’s raining outside
12.Kamarinskaya
13. Charming eyes
14. Ditties
15.Felt boots
16.I was going up the hill
State Russian folk orchestra them. N. Osipova. Conductor D. Osipov (1,5,11,12,16)
Ensemble folk instruments p/u N. Nekrasova (2.7)
Domra sextet conducted by N. Nekrasov (6,9,13)
Instrumental Quartet (15):
B. Tikhonov (accordion), N. Nazaruk (clarinet), V. Ryskov (guitar), S. Stikhin (double bass)
V. Maksakov - Saratov harmonica (4,8,14)
L. Komlev - accordion (3.10)
L. Ruslanova's recordings were restored in the All-Union
recording studio by sound engineer N.T. Morozov