Writing n and nn in different parts. Complex cases of writing n – nn

1. Suffix -N- is written:

· In adjectives formed from nouns using the suffixes –AN-, -IN-, -YAN-: leather – leather, goose – goose, silver – silver.EXCEPTIONS: wooden, tin, glass.

· In adjectives and participles formed from imperfective verbs that do not have dependent words: forged, loaded, baked, gilded, smoked.EXCEPTIONS:

seen, given, done, desired, cutesy, slow, pecked, sacred, heard, arrogant.

· In adjectives with the prefix NOT-: quicklime, uninvited, uncut, unbleached, unworn. EXCEPTIONS:

unexpected, unforeseen, unheard of, unseen, unexpected, unseen.

· In short forms of passive past participles: sown, filled, set, excited.

· In short adjectives and in adverbs formed from full adjectives with -H-: confused - confused, mad - furiously, gilded - gilded, ruddy - rouge, young - yuna.

· In adjectives related to non-derivatives: crimson, green, blue, ruddy, young, and also in some other adjectives: mutton, single, pork, smart.

2. Suffix -NN- is written:

· In adjectives formed from nouns ending in -H: long, valuable, captivating, picturesque.

· In adjectives with suffixes -ONN-/-ENN-: propaganda, station, cranberry, straw.

· In adjectives formed from perfective verbs, usually with prefixes or dependent words: frozen, mowed, forged, smoked, purchased, dried in the sun. EXCEPTIONS: named brother, imprisoned father, dowry.

· In adjectives formed from verbs ending in -OVAT/EVAT: uprooted, motivated.

· In adjectives formed from nouns ending in -МЯ: nominal, seed, temporary, parietal.

· In short adjectives and adverbs formed from full adjectives with -НН-: inspired, excited, educated(those. literate).

NOTE:

1. In some cases, the spelling of adjectives with -N- or -NN- is determined by the semantics of the word.

wind have:

suffix -YAN- if they define an object powered by wind (windmill);

the suffix -EN- if they define an object containing wind (windy day, windy girl);

suffix -ENH- in all prefixes (windless, leeward, weathered).

Adjectives from the generating stem oil have:

the suffix -YAN- if they define something that is cooked in oil, or something that runs on oil (oil paint, oil pump);

suffix -EN- if they define something that is specially spread with butter (butter pancakes, butter flatbreads, hence Maslenitsa, this also includes the metaphorical epithet buttered eyes);

suffix -ENN- in participles and adjectives with dependent words (hands oiled with cream, oily sweatshirt).

2. It is necessary to distinguish between the forms of a short adjective and a short participle in the function of a predicate: the girl is brought up - the girl was raised by her grandmother; the woman is educated – the department was founded last year; the group is organized in all matters - the conference is organized by the department.

Questions for control:

Assignments on the topic:

Exercise 1. Form verb forms whose suffixes retain the vowel infinitive.

Depend, fold, knead, stir, deflate, roll out.

Task 2. Explain how the words in pairs differ. Taking advantage reference material, explain their spelling.

To decorate - to paint, to be late - to participate, to count - to advise, to manage - to admonish, to confess - to educate, to dance - to hum.

Task 3. Write down, highlighting spellings and grouping words in columns:

1) valid prib. present vr., 2) suffering. prib. present vr., 3) actual. prib. pr. vr., 4) suffer. prib. pr. vr. Explain the spelling of words according to the diagram (see "Reference Material").

creeping, barking, barking, chasing, noticing, noticed, kneaded (in dough) - kneaded (dough), sawing, piercing, struggling, developed, cherished, pumped out (oil from a barrel) - pumped out (from a barrel barrel), provided, hung (in the gallery of paintings), hung (a kilogram of sugar), traveled, well-trodden, fanned, provided, healing, adhesive, glued, enduring, loving, dispelled, traveled, dependent, breathing, watering.

Task 4. Insert the missing letters and justify your choice.

A job corrected by someone, a load dropped, paths cleared; the building is about to be built...but; alarmed...by unpleasant news, crowned...with laurels, scattered...rays, an unnoticed friend, tangled...hare tracks, leaf...strewn alleys of a coastal park, offended...by someone... that girl, wasted time; the snow melted unexpectedly, without offending anyone.

Task 5. Insert the missing letters.

Nurtured, kneaded (dough), dropped, noticed, engaged, significant, studied..my, cherished, chalked. ..desirable, under-weighted (grain), under-weighted (curtains), independent, hated...my, offended...my, justified...my, celebrated, transferred..., shot... (deer), shot... (gun), shot... (traitors), scattered..., dispersed, heard... , creeping, dragging, dragging, lost, crowned.

Task 6. Explain the difference in spelling of words in paired phrases.

The woman is smart and educated. - The commission was formed the other day.

The children were inattentive and absent-minded. - The troops were scattered throughout the forest. He says depressed. “The uprising was suppressed.” The decision was hasty and ill-considered. - The decision has not been thought through by anyone. Sauerkraut- sauerkraut for the winter. Unmown meadow. - Mowed meadow. Come to dinner party. - Uninvited guests. sworn brother. - Named after you. Windy day. - Calm day.

Remember:uninvited n oh, name n oh, unseen NN oh, unheard of NN oh, unexpectedly NN oh bad luck NN O

Task 7. Replace the dots with the missing letters. Explain why in some cases we write N,in others - NN.

Bee...honey, wheat...porridge, with condensed...milk, oil...stain; painting, drawing:... oil paints; a clay vase, a wooden building, located in a guest...ice, noticeable shortcomings, a rye...field sown, a meadow not yet mown, some sort of seed ...things hanging...in the wardrobe...about the target...harvest, the girl is very educated...and, far away...draw a broken line, silver and gilded... jewelry, a wounded man, a seriously wounded fighter, at dawn.

The suffixes -н- and -нн- are among those difficulties of Russian grammar that require memorizing a large amount of material and mastering not only the rules, but also exceptions to them. The bulk of these rules concern adjectives, as well as adverbs and participles. The writing of these suffixes in nouns also has its own characteristics.

Spelling n and nn in adjective suffixes

If an adjective is formed from a noun using suffixes such as -an-, -yan- and -in-, then it is written with one n, for example, as in the word clay. And there are three exception words to this grammatical rule: tin, wood, glass. If suffixes such as -onn- and -enn- were involved in the formation of the adjective, then you need to write double n, as in the word related.

But from this rule there is exceptions- these are two words, windy And buttery.

If an adjective is formed from a word with a stem in -n using the suffix -n-, then the result is a word with a double n, although one letter is part of the stem, and the second is a suffix - picture.

Adjectives can also be formed from verbs - and this makes them similar to participles, so the spelling rules n and nn in suffixes in in this case will be common.

So, if an adjective or participle has a prefix or dependent word, then the suffix should be doubled: plowed, boiled in water. The same applies to cases when the word contains suffixes such as -ova-, -eva-, -irova-: marinated.

In addition, if the word is formed from a verb without a prefix, but it belongs to the perfect form, n should also be doubled: deprived.

Exception from this rule is the word wounded.

At the same time, in short participles one n will always be written, and in short adjectives there are as many of these letters as in full ones, with the exception of one form - this is the singular number male, in which, as in participles, one n is written.

It is necessary to distinguish between a participle and a verbal adjective, which often coincide. For example, the word “well-mannered” can be both, but if the participle short form in the feminine gender it will be brought up, then in the adjective it will be brought up. This is not difficult to do - you need to put the word more in front of “suspect”. If it is inappropriate, then it is a participle, and if it is appropriate, then it is an adjective.

Other difficulties with the suffix -n-

This word-forming unit is used in different parts speech. Thus, in adverbs and nouns formed from adjectives, the same number of letters n are written as in the original word: pupil (from educated), organized (from organized).

What have we learned?

The main difficulties in choosing between n and nn in suffixes concern adjectives. It is on their spelling that the spelling of those nouns and adverbs that are formed from them is based. Adjectives can be formed from nouns and verbs different ways, which explain the use of n or nn. It is necessary to distinguish between verbal adjectives and participles.

1. With one letter n are written:

1). Adjectives with a non-derivative base: red, young, blue. There is no suffix in such adjectives. The letter n is part of the root.

2). Denominate adjectives with the suffix -n: winter (from: winter), summer (from: summer).

3). Denominate adjectives with the suffixes -an, -yan: sandy, silver (adj. meaning “name of material, substance”), and -in: mouse, sparrow (adj. meaning “accessories”).

Exception:

wooden, tin, glass write with two letters NN.

4). Verbal adjectives, if there is no prefix and explanatory word: fried meat.

Exception:

Write with two letters NN words from the list:
given, arrogant, abandoned, desired, bought, seen, made, cutesied, captivated, deprived, sacred, read, desperate, minted, cursed, unheard of, unseen, unexpected, unforeseen

Do not confuse!

The list of exceptions does not include words uninvited, uninvited, named, which are consistent with the data above. Write them according to the rule: unsolicited advice, uninvited guest,sworn brother.

5). Short adjectives in the masculine singular form: advice is valuable - (m.r.), as well as short adjectives in all other forms if they are formed from full adjectives with one letter n: red girl (from the full form with one letter n: red), the sun is red, the girls are red.

7). Adverbs ending in -o and -e, formed from adjectives with one letter n: windy, neat.

2. With two letters NN are written:

1). Denominate adjectives with the suffix -n if the noun root ends in a letter n: autumn, spring, sleepy.

2). Denominate adjectives with suffixes -enn, -onn: alphabetic, portioned.

Exception:

flighty man, windmill, chicken pox, But windless day,leeward side.

3). Verbal adjectives with the suffix -nn: uprooted area, defective item.
Figure out how the word is formed: defective ← reject + nn.
Write the suffix -NN in verbal adjectives formed from a generating stem with suffixes: -eva//-ova, -eva: uprooted←uproot, formed←form.

It’s easier to remember this way: adjectives ending in eva+nn+y, ova+nn+y, eva+nn+y.

4). Exceptional adjectives:

Exception: wood, tin, glass write with two letters - NN .
Exception: the, swaggering, abandoned, desired, bought, seen, made, cutesy, captive, deprived, sacred, read, desperate, embossed, damned, unheard of, unprecedented, inadvertent, unexpected(see point 5).

5). Passive past participles, if there are prefixes or explanatory words: a written essay, mittens knitted (by whom?) by grandmother, as well as participles and verbal adjectives formed from perfective verbs without prefixes: bought, abandoned, given (the latter are included in the list of words for memorization in paragraph 5 along with other examples).

6). Short adjectives formed from the full form with two letters NN(except for the form m.r. singular, in which there is always one letter n): the night is moonless, advice is valuable.

7). Adverbs ending in -o and -e, formed from adjectives with two letters NN: sincerely, thoughtfully, calmly.

First you need to understand in what form worth the adjective:

Then you need to find out from what part of speech word formed: from noun or from verb.

Tasks and tests on the topic “Spelling “n” and “nn” in adjectives and participles”

• Spelling participles - Communion 7th grade

  Lessons: 3 Assignments: 12 Tests: 1

• Spelling of participles, participial phrase

  Lessons: 4 Assignments: 11 Tests: 2

• Spelling adjectives - Adjective 6th grade

  Lessons: 5 Assignments: 10 Tests: 1

• Adjective as part of speech - Morphology. Independent parts of speech grade 10