Sand is a finely fragmented fraction of rocks. It is formed naturally under the influence of long-term natural factors or is obtained artificially. And a dredger helps to extract it.
Sand is an essential material used in many industries.
It is a component of cement mortars and concretes in the production of building materials and the construction of buildings and structures, and a necessary component in road construction.
Sand is the main raw material in the production of glass and ceramics, and is part of molding sands in foundries.
Sand lies at the bottom of bodies of water, from oceans and seas to rivers and streams; it makes up a considerable part of the planet’s land subsoil.
Industrial sand extraction is carried out both by enterprises specializing in this activity and by large construction companies for production needs. Associated extraction of gravel, sand and clay is carried out by many mining enterprises.
Sand mining methods
Sand is part of the subsoil, so to extract it it is not enough to buy a dump truck and an excavator or dredger; a license for the right to use subsoil is required separately for each object. Otherwise, such activity will be regarded as illegal sand mining.
Only enterprises doing this within the boundaries of a mining or geological land allotment are not required to obtain a license. Owners of household plots and garden plots are allowed to mine gravel, sand and clay on their plots; no license required.
Extraction of washed sand by excavator
Sand is extracted in several ways, for this they use:
Mining enterprises that extract waste rock along with ore often produce crushed stone. The installations used for this (crushing and screening complexes) also separate out the fine fraction – sand.
Gold mining enterprises and artels developing placer deposits of gold-bearing sands simultaneously sell that part of the sand that does not contain the precious metal.
Dry quarry method
Deposit development begins with stripping operations. Trees and shrubs are cut down, and the fertile soil layer (overburden) and waste rock are removed down to the sand layer using bulldozers or front-end loaders. Work in the quarry is carried out according to a design that provides for convenient and safe work. Alternating layers of sand and waste rock are removed by excavators and transported separately.
Quarry method of sand extraction
To extract sand in quarries, two excavation methods are used:
- top excavation, when from the upper platform an excavator equipped with a dragline scoops up material from below, lifts it up and loads it into a vehicle;
- bottom notch; an excavator or loader is located at the bottom level of the quarry and loads material into the descending ring road transport.
Hydromechanical method
It is used when there is a reservoir near the field for water intake and discharge. In this case, the license for the right to use subsoil must be supplemented by the execution of a decision on the right to use water body.
The hydromechanical method of soil development is a set of operations that include soil erosion under pressure and its transition into a semi-liquid mass. Instead of drilling and blasting operations and excavators, erosion of the rock mass with a high-pressure water jet is used. Water is supplied to the washout by a high-pressure pump through a hose connected to the monitor. A hydraulic monitor is a nozzle installed on the frame to which water is supplied. The operator sets the direction of the jet by turning the monitor using the handles.
Water mixed with sand (pulp) is moved by gravity or sand pumps to settling tanks (hydraulic dumps), where it settles. The water is returned to the reservoir, the sand is dehydrated and dried.
This method of excavation is the most productive. During the extraction process, sand is well washed to remove clay inclusions and has increased value.
Extraction of river sand
Dry river beds are most convenient for sand dredging. Loading and transportation are required, as well as finishing operations - washing of silt and foreign matter and dewatering. The need for a license for sand mining remains.
Extraction of river sand
In reservoirs, sand is extracted using a dredger - a specially designed vessel. There are several types of dredgers for extracting sands of varying hardness; The extraction of sand from the bottom of reservoirs is carried out mainly by suction dredgers, and only for the most compacted ones are scoops used. To accumulate the extracted sand, the hold of a dredger or a barge is used.
A suction dredger uses a wear-resistant pump to suck sand from the bottom of a reservoir and load it onto a barge or into its hold. A scoop dredger performs the same function with scoops in harder sands.
After the hold or barge is filled with material, the ship moves to a riverside warehouse and the sand is transferred to storage compartments or vehicles. For reloading from the hold of a dredger or from a barge, portal cranes with grabs or conveyors are used.
On the shore, the sand is washed to remove silt and shells, then dried to the required humidity.
Artificial sand
Sand is a sedimentary rock, as well as an artificial material consisting of rock grains Natural sand is, in principle, a finite resource, although it will last on the planet for a long time. However, it is possible to replace natural sand with artificial sand.
We are talking about the most massive industrial waste in terms of quantity - wet concentration waste (tailings) and slag from metallurgical production.
Ore enrichment tailings, stored in huge quantities, do not require any processing for use instead of sand; only the same operations are needed as with sand in dry river beds. Flooded storage facilities can be processed by a dredger.
Regarding slags, it is necessary to expand and improve the processes of their processing when released from metallurgical units. Their water and air granulation in molten form will make it possible to obtain particles with a size and hardness that do not differ from the properties of natural sand.
Video: Sand extraction with a submersible pump
According to the law of the Russian Federation, all mineral resources belong to the people and the state. You cannot immediately start mining sand, clay or ores, having suddenly discovered their deposit - this is considered a violation of the law, and such actions are considered illegal, and work carried out at the deposit is illegal. In order for all actions to be within the framework of the law, a license for quarry development is required, which can be obtained after conducting geological research in the selected area.
For land users who have discovered a deposit on their personal plot and wish to conduct mining exclusively for personal purposes without receiving financial profit, they do not need to obtain a license.
For enterprises that need to develop quarries, the license gives the right not only to extract from the bowels of the earth, but also to conduct geological research and build additional structures necessary for the operation of the enterprise.
A team of professional geologists from our company Geotop Engineering carries out geological surveys for various needs, including in cases where customers need to obtain permission to develop a quarry before starting work on it. Our specialists work in Moscow and the Moscow region. They will help you choose a deposit that meets the intended goals and technical capabilities of your enterprise, conduct geological exploration of the site and provide Required documents to successfully obtain a license.
Permit for quarrying and geological exploration
Before obtaining permission to develop a quarry, it is necessary to first assess the mineral reserves at the proposed deposit. Such a study will provide comprehensive information about their volumes and area of distribution. Based on the data obtained during exploration, the enterprise has the right to draw up its own development program for participation in the auction. Winning it gives the right to legally engage in mining in the selected area, provided that the intended program of the enterprise is profitable and economically beneficial.
To assess the selected area, our geological engineers perform preliminary geological exploration on it, studying various materials, including the results of past studies conducted in the area, archival cartographic documents. Working with them helps our specialists establish:
- the presence or absence of the requested mineral resources in the selected area;
- the probable depth of their occurrence;
- characteristics of the study area (relief features, hydrography, etc.);
- the approximate number of wells to be drilled during detailed exploration, etc.
We record the results of our work in a technical report. It also provides the cost of geological exploration and the estimated costs of extracting minerals from a given deposit. Based on the report, the customer can begin drawing up a development program for participation in the auction.
The quarry development license obtained as a result of winning the auction gives its holder the right to carry out detailed exploration work at the quarry. With their help, the deposit is prepared for industrial development.
Sand quarries - permission to develop them
Sand is a common mineral resource. Its extraction is carried out in two ways - open and underground. Regardless of the choice of sand extraction method, special permission is required. Without permits, only non-commercial mining can be carried out in economic purposes without making a profit.
As in the general case, a license for quarrying and sand extraction is issued after winning the auction. To participate in it, you need to create a program that will allow you to extract maximum benefits with minimal labor and financial costs.
Important! In addition to the program for participation in the competition, it is necessary to provide a number of documents, full list which can be found in the relevant regulations. It may vary depending on the type of minerals discovered at the site as a result of geological exploration.
License for quarry development - where to order in Moscow and the region?
The specialists of our company Geotop Engineering have many years of experience in conducting geological exploration in areas of varying degrees of complexity. We will help you decide on a site, and also provide a full technical report, on the basis of which you can draw up a competent development program and win the auction. We work throughout the Moscow region.
Additional processing by sowing or washing is carried out directly on site or at special enterprises. This type of non-metallic material remains the most common. It is in demand in construction, production of building materials and glass production. In the Moscow region, there are officially over 30 enterprises engaged in sand quarrying. Each of them has deposits of different sizes.
Sand pits of the Moscow region
- JSC "GEODOR"
141895, Moscow region, Dmitrovsky district, Ozeretskoye village, - JSC "BOGAEVSKY QUARRY"
143122, Moscow region, Ruzsky district, Oreshki village - OBLNERUDPROM LLC
- LLC "SYCHEVSKY PTK"
143611, MOSCOW region, VOLOKOLAMSKY district, SYCHEVO, PESOCHANAYA street, 1, - LLC "RUZSKY KNM"
143121, MOSCOW region, RUZSKY district, POKROVSKOE VILLAGE, MIRA street, 3, - Bogaevsky Quarry LLC
, Bogaevsky Quarry - LLC "POLYGON"
141801, MOSCOW region, DMITROV, KOVRIGINSKOE HIGHWAY, 7 - JSC "QUARTSIT"
140241, Moscow region, Voskresensky district, Khorlovo village - LLC "BUILDING INDUSTRY-V"
140478, Moscow region, Kolomensky district, Ignatievo village, ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING - JSC "VOMB"
143122, Moscow region, Ruzsky district, Oreshki village - CJSC "Trading house "Kozlovsky quarry"
141340, Moscow region, Sergievo-Posadsky district, Kozlovo village, - LLC "Dushenovo Quarry"
141135, Moscow region, Shchelkovsky district, Ogudnevo village, 25/1, office. ROOM 1 - LLC "KORSAR"
143103, Moscow region, Ruza, Socialist street, 78 - Stroykontrakt LLC
142304, Moscow region, Chekhov, Komsomolskaya street, 11, 2, - OOO "SERPUKHOV NON-ORED COMPANY"
142210, Moscow region, Serpukhov, Krasnoflotsky lane, no. - LLC "POISK-2"
141100, Moscow region, Shchelkovsky district, Shchelkovo, Sovetsky 1st lane, 25, office. 317 - CJSC "NEDRY"
142300, Moscow region, Chekhov, Molodezhnaya street, 1, - LLC PSK EKOSTROM
141305, Moscow region, Sergiev Posad, Skobyanoe highway, 13 - LLC "VISHENKOVSKY GOK"
143122, Moscow region, Ruzsky district, Oreshki village - LLC "GPK "GORSKY"
140560, Moscow region, Ozyory, Yuri Sergeev street, 1 - LLC "Serebryano-Prudsky Quartzite"
142970, Moscow region, Serebryanye Prudy, Sovetskaya square, 6 - JSC "MOSOBLSTROYEKOLOGIYA"
141052, Moscow region, Mytishchi district, Marfino village, village. - LLC "KIMOVSKY QUARRY"
140209, Moscow region, Voskresensk, Cesis street, 11, office. ROOM 11 - SHCHUROVSKY QUARRY LLC
140413, Moscow region, Kolomna, Dimitrova street, no. - OJSC "KHOTKOVSKY CAREER MANAGEMENT"
141354, Moscow region, Sergiev Posad district, Mostovik village - NERUDRESURS LLC
141505, Moscow region, Solnechnogorsk, Revolution street, 3A - Society with limited liability"Solnechnogorsk Nonmetallic Company"
141580, Moscow region, Solnechnogorsky district, Lunevo village - LLC "CAREER MANAGEMENT No. 1"
141650, Moscow region, Klinsky district, Razdolye village, 12 - Limited Liability Company "VESTA-1".
141801, Moscow region, Dmitrov, Kovriginskoye highway, 7 - CJSC "IKSHA-STROYDETAL"
141860, Moscow region, Dmitrovsky district, Iksha, Rabochaya street, 30 - JSC "VITA"
142155, Moscow region, Podolsky district, working village Lvovsky - REMIX LLC
142400, Moscow region, Noginsk, Elektrostalskoe highway, 29 A - LLC "OKA RESOURCE"
142800, Moscow region, Stupino, Zhdanova street, 4A - LLC "QUARTZ"
142918, Moscow region, Kashirsky district, Zendikovo village, Oktyabrskaya street, 4, office. 65 - LLC "POLYGON"
143121, Moscow region, Ruzsky district, Pokrovskoye village, Komsomolskaya street, 10, office. 7 - OJSC "TUCHKOVSKY KSM"
- OJSC "TUCHKOVSKY KSM"
143130, Moscow region, Ruzsky district, pos. Tuchkovo, st. Kirova, 2 - JSC "VOLOKOLAMSKOYE"
143400, Moscow region, Krasnogorsk, st. Pochtovaya, 39 - CJSC "Mansurovskoye Quarry Management"
143523, Moscow region, Istrinsky district, Mansurovo village - LLC "SYCHEVSKY BUILDING MATERIALS"
143611, Moscow region, Volokolamsky district, urban settlement Sychevo, Nerudnaya street, 15, office. 18 - MUNICIPAL UNITARY ENTERPRISE "QUARRY".
141601, Moscow region, Klin, Krasnaya street, 48 - Limited Liability Company "TRANSPORT NON-ORAL COMPANY".
143131, Moscow region, Ruzsky district, Tuchkovo, Vostochnaya street, 1 - Limited Liability Company "OKSKOE CAREER MANAGEMENT".
142200, Moscow region, Serpukhovsky district, Oka station - Limited Liability Company "ROSNEDRA".
143406, MOSCOW REGION, KRASNOGORSK, TUP ILINSKY, D 9 - Limited Liability Company "NEVEROVSKY PLANT OF BUILDING MATERIALS".
143103, Moscow region, Ruzsky district, Ruza city, microdistrict territory, 4B - Limited Liability Company "MOSOBLNEDRA".
142450, MOSCOW region, NOGINSKY district, OLD KUPAVNA, OKTYABRSKAYA STREET - OJSC "Vyazemsky Quarry Management"
215110, Russia, Smolensk region, Vyazemsky district, Stepanikovskoye rural settlement, Industrial base of the mining and processing plant, block 5 - OJSC "Silnitsky Quarry"
152131, Russia, Yaroslavl region, Rostov district, Khmelniki village - 171133, Tver region, Vyshnevolotsky district, Kozhino village, no. 34
LLC "Inert" OJSC "National Nonmetallic Company" - LLC "Litvinovsky Quarry"
Russia, Moscow region, Solnechnogorsk district, village. Litvinovo - LLC "Verkhnevolzhskie quarries"
152916, Yaroslavl region, Rybinsk, st. Gaidara, 3, office 7 - OJSC "Pyatovskoye Quarry Management"
Kaluga region, Dzerzhinsky district, Pyatovsky village - Khomyakovsky quarry. LLC "464 Non-mineral Mining Plant"
Russia, Tula region, Leninsky district, Vostochny village - Quarry "Dertniki". Vita LLC
152137, Yaroslavl region, Rostov district, p/o Lyubilki, Dertniki village - (CJSC "REMIX")
142410, Moscow region, Noginsk, Elektrostalskoe highway, 29A - LLC "ISTRA QUARRY"
143514, MOSCOW REGION, ISTRA DISTRICT, D BUZHAROVO, CENTRAL STREET, 1 A - JSC "RAMENSKY GOK"
140125, MOSCOW REGION, RAMENSKY DISTRICT, P/O CHULKOVO, WITH EGANOVO - CJSC "NEDRY"
142300, MOSCOW REGION, CHEKHOV, MOLODEZHNAYA STREET, 1 - STROYKONTRAKT LLC
142304, MOSCOW REGION, CHEKHOV, KOMSOMOLSKAYA STREET, POSSESSION 11, BUILDING 2 - Lyubertsy sand pits
Moscow region, Lyubertsy district, Kotelniki, Malaya Kolkhoznaya street - JSC "QUARTSIT"
140241, MOSCOW REGION, VOSKRESENSKY DISTRICT, RP KHORLOVO, INDUSTRIAL SITE - LLC "QARIER-M MOUNTAIN"
141892, MOSCOW REGION, DMITROVSKY DISTRICT, KHRABROVO, KARIERNAYA STREET, 3 - Kvazar LLC
Kaluga region, Maloyaroslavetsky district, 0.4 km west of the village of Potresovo - Polygon PGS LLC
Kaluga region, Borovsky district, Kirillovo village - Kuprovo Quarry
Moscow region, Mozhaisky district, Kuprovo village
The volume of extracted material is measured in millions of cubic meters per year. Most of it is used in large and private construction. Material removal is carried out over 12 months with varying intensity. This is due to the decline in demand in winter. Part of the seized mineral is transported to other areas, where its extraction is less rational than purchasing in neighboring regions.
Sand is used in most stages of construction. Therefore, quarrying is a stable, constantly expanding business. Improved technology improves production efficiency and optimizes costs. This provides the opportunity to set affordable prices for wholesale and retail buyers.
The main type of sand mined in the Moscow region is construction sand. It can be seeded, washed and supplied without further cleaning. IN large volumes sand and gravel mixture is extracted, which is actively used in construction.
Several enterprises have established the production of silicate and glass sand in the capital region. The first type is in demand during the manufacture of bricks and other products. The second is for glass products. The small number of manufacturers is due to lower demand and high requirements of state standards for non-metallic materials. Most companies prefer to extract the construction variety, supplying it to developers and retailers.
The existing infrastructure ensures prompt transportation of materials to the place of storage and sale. Its presence is due to the desire to reduce costs within production.
Official and illegal quarries operate in the Moscow region. They cause damage to the budget and the environment. The result of the lack of basic standards that must be adhered to when extracting non-metallic materials is the emergence of spontaneous extraction sites that are not subject to subsequent reclamation.
Closed quarries
Since the beginning of the last century, active sand mining has been carried out in the capital region. Its volumes are constantly growing. At current rates of development, one medium or large field lasts for 4-6 years. This allows us to understand why there are many dried-up quarries in the Moscow region.
The fate of closed deposits varies significantly. According to state requirements, they must be reclaimed. The removed sand must be replaced with industrial waste and non-recyclable materials. Screening procedures must be implemented to prevent contaminants from entering groundwater. After filling the quarry, soil, including fertile soil, must be backfilled.
The best method of reclamation is planting green spaces and agricultural activities. But the number of quarries that have undergone this procedure is significantly lower than the number of closed facilities.
In addition to violations of the current legislation and lack of funds to carry out this, one should take into account one of the most important problems of Moscow - the annual production of more than 7 million tons of garbage. As a result, quarries are redesignated as solid waste disposal sites.
The largest and most dangerous objects for the environment:
- "Dmitrovsky". One of the largest testing grounds. Located on the territory of the former Marfino-Dyakovsky quarry;
- "Shcherbinka." Spontaneous sand quarries mined in the 50s 3 km from Podolsk without screening or other means of preventing pollution;
- "Aleksinsky quarry". Located in the mined out part of this deposit.
The situation is similar with clay quarries. Many spontaneous sand mines and official deposits are used for unauthorized dumping of waste. This becomes a significant obstacle to reclamation and poses a significant threat to environmental situation metropolitan region.
Recreation areas and projects in mined-out quarries
By coincidence or due to a favorable location, some depleted sand deposits acquire a new, relatively safe environment life. The most significant example is the Lyubertsy quarries. They filled with water due to exposure to natural factors. On this moment Muscovites relax here.
Cascade of quarries between Lyubertsy and Dzerzhinsky with sandy beach And clean water Surrounded mixed forests. The territory has infrastructure that is in its infancy. This allows you to enjoy outdoor recreation.
Another quarry that has turned into a tourist beach is Lytkarino. The Tomilino forest park located nearby will become good place for walks. There is paid parking, a cafe and a volleyball court. In the Volkushinsky quarry there is pure white sand, Fresh air and water suitable for swimming.
Large construction companies want to give new life sand pit in Kotelniki. They plan to open a multifunctional residential complex “New Kotelniki”. The business cluster will have a park, a school, several kindergartens and developed infrastructure. According to preliminary estimates, construction will begin in 2024. The government supported this project as it would provide 6 thousand jobs.
In this article:
Sand is one of the most popular building materials. Since people use it in economic and construction activities. But, despite the fact that sand literally lies under our feet, the extraction of this mineral on an industrial scale is not an easy task, which requires knowledge of technology and huge financial investments. Therefore, next we will look at how to organize an enterprise for the extraction and production of sand?
How to register sand mining?
In order for sand mining activities to be legal, it is necessary to formalize the quarry and register the enterprise.
It is better to register a company as an LLC using a simplified taxation system. Next, you need to obtain the right to use the quarry and obtain a license.
This license is valid for 5 years, but can then be extended.
In the process of business legalization, the following OKVED codes and regulatory documents may be needed:
- 14.21 – “Development of sand and gravel quarries”;
- 14.22 – “Extraction of kaolin and clay.”
- GOST 8736-93 – “Construction sand. THAT";
- GOST 4417-75 – “Quartz sand for welding work.”
Sand mining technology
The choice of sand extraction technology depends on the origin building material– quarry, sea or river. Sand extraction can be done using the following methods:
- open,
- closed.
Open pit sand mining
Open pit sand mining is more common. This technology uses scrapers, dump trucks, excavators, aerial ropeways and other equipment. Deposits of non-metallic minerals are usually hidden under layers of soil and clay rocks. They are called overburdens.
Before sand mining begins, scrapers and bulldozers carry out stripping operations. This helps prevent various impurities from getting into the sand. The ratio of the volume of the rock layer to the total volume of minerals is called the stripping ratio. The next operation is to lay trenches for working benches and transport routes. The height of the ledge is determined by the technical characteristics of the excavator.
Typically, a single-bucket or multi-bucket excavator is used to extract sand. The bucket volume of this special equipment varies from 0.25 to 15 m 3 .
The sand that is mined by this method is usually yellow-orange in color and is not the best in its properties. Therefore, it is subsequently cleaned, after which the material can be used in the preparation of plaster and masonry mortars, and in the production of bricks.
Technology of sand extraction using a closed (hydromechanized) method
Sand is extracted from the bottom of reservoirs using a hydromechanized method. To develop underwater deposits, dredgers or floating installations are used. They look like a pontoon that is fixed and moved using anchors, cables and piling devices. On this equipment there is a dredger - the most powerful pump. A mechanical ripper and dredger are lowered to the bottom of the reservoir. These devices work together, and loosened sand is sucked into the pipe and then moved in the form of a hydraulic mixture along a floating slurry pipeline, which consists of pipe links and floats.
Finally, the slurry (a mixture of sand and water) is placed in hydraulic dumps, from where the water flows back into the reservoir. Simultaneously with this operation, the mineral is washed from clay and dust impurities.
Business plan for quarrying and sand extraction
Objective of the project– extraction of different-grained quartz sand from a deposit (quarry) and its sale on the territory of the Russian Federation.
It is planned that the development of deposits at the enterprise will be carried out using open-pit methods. Favorable mining and geological conditions allow stripping operations to be carried out simultaneously with mining. The average height of benches for a quartz sand deposit is 5 meters - 1 bench, and the maximum angle of repose is 35-40°.
In quartz sand deposits, water can be cut to a depth of about 8 meters. The water flow is not significant, at which all work can be carried out without pumping. Capital costs for sand mining
Equipment purchase costs
1. Excavator “Hyundai R220LC-9S” (made in Korea).
Specifications:
- power - 194 kW/263 hp;
- bucket volume – 1.43 m3;
- digging depth – 6,440 mm.
The price of the excavator is 5,744,681 rubles.
2. Loader “SEM 639 B”, 1.7 m 3.
- Bucket volume – 3.0 m3;
- Engine power - 162/220 kW/hp;
The price of the loader is 1,468,085 rubles.
3. KrAZ dump truck – 6510.
Specifications:
- Load capacity – 18,000 kg;
- Platform volume – 12 m3.
The price of the car is 2,648,936 rubles.
4. Insulated trailer. Price – 478,723 rubles.
5. Walkie-talkies. Price – 24,468 rubles.
6. Fire shield. Price – 8,511 rubles.
7. 200 liter fuel tanks. Price – 28,723 rubles;
8. Oil tank 200 liters. Price – 9,574 rubles;
9. Diesel heater. Price – 4,255 rubles;
10. Gas stove. Price – 7,447 rubles;
11. Gas cylinder. Price – 3,191 rubles;
12. Drinking tanks. Price – 5,106 rubles;
13. Diesel generator for a trailer. Price – 350,000 rubles;
14. Tables. Price – 4,255 rubles;
15. Chairs. Price – 2,128 rubles;
16. Refrigerator. Price – 5,318 rubles.
Total capital expenditures: – 10,799,401 rubles.
Costs for renting equipment from Europe for transporting goods (per year):
- Tractor "Volvo" (7 pcs.). Price – 24,592,340 rubles;
- Tipper semi-trailer "Schwarzmuller" (7 pcs.).
Specifications:
- Payload – 33 tons;
- Own weight - 9.2 tons.
Price – 10,876,882 rubles;
Installation of hydraulic units (7 pcs.) – 1,000,851 rubles;
Customs operations – 2,861,150 rubles;
Delivery costs – 1,340,425 rubles.
Total: 40,671,648 rubles.
Payroll costs for production personnel at a mineral deposit
Foreman (1 person) – monthly salary – 31,915 rubles; per year - 382,980 rubles.
Excavator operator (2 people) – monthly salary – 80,064 rubles; per year – 960,768 rubles;
Forklift driver (1 person) – monthly salary – 30,532 rubles; per year – 366,384 rubles.
KrAZ driver (1 person) – monthly salary – 42,553 rubles; per year – 510,636 rubles.
Accountant (1 person) – monthly salary – 20,766 rubles; per year – 249,192 rubles.
Watchman (2 people) – monthly salary – 34,021 rubles; per year - 408,252 rubles.
Cook (1 person) – monthly salary – 20,766 rubles; per year – 249,192 rubles.
The total wage fund for the year will be 3,127,404 rubles
Quarry development costs
Fire extinguisher (3 pcs.) – 4,468 rubles;
Refilling a gas cylinder – 5,957 rubles;
Construction helmets (3 pcs.) – 2,553 rubles;
Golitsy (10 pairs) – 1064 rubles;
Raincoats (3 pcs.) – 2,872 rubles;
Construction shovels (5 pcs.) – 1,277 rubles;
Lantern for a trailer (1 piece) – 2,128 rubles;
Overalls and shoes for 5 people – 53,191 rubles;
Ax (2 pcs.) – 1,702 rubles;
Hammers (3 pcs.) – 702 rubles;
Sledgehammer (3 pcs.) – 3,191 rubles;
Tongs (3 pcs.) – 638 rubles;
Screwdrivers (3 sets) – 2,128 rubles.
Wrenches (3 sets) – 15,957 rubles;
Pliers (5 pcs.) – 532 rubles;
Carrying bags (3 pcs.) – 511 rubles;
Dog (2 pcs.) – 6,383 rubles.
Total: 105,254 rubles.
Calculation of the cost of food for workers at the quarry
The cost of 1 lunch is 117 rubles;
Number of workers – 9 workers;
The cost of lunch per month is 22,117 rubles;
The cost of lunch per year is 265,404 rubles.
Other costs
The cost of feeding 2 dogs per year will be 61,277 rubles.
Rental costs (per year): house in a village near a quarry – 76,595 rubles;
Vacuum truck – 12,766 rubles;
Total: 89,361 rubles.
Advertising costs
- Billboard rental (3 pcs.) – 38,298 rubles;
- Advertising in a newspaper – 5,106 rubles;
- Radio advertising – 10,638 rubles;
Total costs per month – 54,042 rubles;
Total per year – 108,084 rubles.
Indirect costs
- Diesel fuel consumption for maintaining a fleet of special equipment is 17 liters per year. The average cost of diesel fuel is 30 rubles/liter;
- The consumption of lubricants for the operation of auxiliary equipment is 3 thousand liters per year. The price of lubricants is 22 rubles/liter;
- Equipment utilization rate – 0.2;
Total costs for fuels and lubricants will be: (17,000 * 30 + 3000 * 22) * 0.2 = 115,200 rubles.
Costs of tax deduction for sand extraction
For the period from January 1 to December 31, 2013, the rate for sand extraction is 5.5%.
The total cost of paying the tax will be: 0.055 * 77,750,000 = 4,276,250 rubles.
The total cost of sand extraction is: 48,819,882 rubles.
Revenue
Annual volumes of quartz sand production:
- Fine-grained sand – 60,000 m3;
- Medium-grained sand – 70,000 m3;
- Coarse sand (screenings) – 80,000 m 3 ;
- High-fine sand – 45,000 m3.
Revenue for the year will be:
- From the sale of fine-grained sand (Price – 150 rubles/m3): 60,000 * 150 = 9,000,000 rubles.
- From the sale of medium-grained sand (Price - 300 rubles/m 3): 70,000 * 300 = 21,000,000 rubles;
- From the sale of coarse sand (Price – 400 rubles/m3): 80,000 * 400 = 32,000,000 rubles;
- From the sale of sand of increased coarseness (Price - 350 rubles/m 3): 45,000 * 350 = 15,750,000 rubles.