The first chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR

25.09.2019

1. Organize the Solovetsky special-purpose forced labor camp and two transit and distribution points in Arkhangelsk and Kemi.
2. Organization and management specified in Art. I will be entrusted with the camp and transit and distribution points to the OGPU.
3. All lands, buildings, living and dead equipment that previously belonged to the former Solovetsky Monastery, as well as the Pertominsky camp and the Arkhangelsk transit and distribution point, should be transferred free of charge to the OGPU.
4. At the same time, transfer the radio station located on the Solovetsky Islands to the OGPU for use.
5. Oblige the OGPU to immediately begin organizing the labor of prisoners for the use of agricultural, fishing, forestry and other industries and enterprises, exempting them from paying state and local taxes and fees.

Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR Rykov
SNK Business Manager Gorbunov
Secretary Fotieva

Right:
Secretary of the special department of the OGPU I. Filippov

The copy from the copy is correct:
Secretary of the Management of Social Camps of the ON OGPU Vaskov

List of names of members of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR who adopted the Resolution "On the organization of the Solovetsky forced labor camp"

Not being “people’s” commissars, two more comrades had a hand in preparing the documents and decisions:

And finally, the document’s fidelity to the Resolution (or the correctness of the Resolution in the document?) was confirmed by comrades from the “authorities”:

Fillipov I. | Rodion Vaskov

"People's" commissars at the time of the creation of SLON:
half of them will die from the bullets of their “comrades-in-arms”

"Do not be afraid of enemies - in the worst case, they can kill you. Do not be afraid of friends - in the worst case, they can betray you. Be afraid of the indifferent - they do not kill or betray, but only with their tacit consent There are betrayals and murders in the land." ( Yasensky Bruno)

Beloborodov Alexander Georgievich(1891 –1938) - Regicide, signed the decision to execute royal family. Replaced Dzerzhinsky as People's Commissar of VnuDel of the RSFSR (08/30/1923). Under him, the Directorate of Northern Camps was located on Solovki. Shot.

Bogdanov Peter(1882-1939) - Soviet statesman, engineer. Member of the RSDLP since 1905. In 1917, before. Gomel Revolutionary Committee. Member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in 1927-30. Member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Arrested in 1937. Shot.

Bryukhanov Nikolay(1878 - 1938) - Soviet statesman. People's Commissar of Food of the USSR (1923-1924), Deputy People's Commissar of Finance of the USSR (1924-1926), People's Commissar of Finance of the USSR (1926-1930). Arrested on February 3, 1938. Shot.

Dzerzhinsky Felix(1877 - 1926) - Soviet statesman. Polish nobleman. The head of a number of people's commissariats, the founder of the Cheka, one of the organizers of the "Red Terror", who believed that "the Cheka must defend the revolution, even if its sword accidentally falls on the heads of the innocent."

Dovgalevsky Valerian(1885 - 1934) - Soviet statesman, diplomat. Member of the Communist Party since 1908, electrical engineer. From 1921 People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs of the RSFSR, in 1923 Deputy People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs of the USSR. He was a member of the USSR Central Executive Committee. Died. He was buried near the Kremlin wall.

Kamenev (Rosenfeld) Lev(1883 - 1936) From an educated Russian-Jewish family, the son of a machinist. On September 14, 1922, he was appointed deputy. Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (V. Lenin) of the RSFSR. 1922 It was he who proposed the appointment of Joseph Stalin Secretary General Central Committee of the RCP(b). Convicted in 1936. Shot.

Krasin Leonid(1870 - 1926) He is also Nikitich, Horse, Yuhanson, Winter, Kurgan. Soviet statesman. Born into the family of a minor official. In 1923 he became the first People's Commissar foreign trade USSR. Died in London. He was buried near the Kremlin wall.

Krestinsky (?) Nikolai(1883-1938), party member since 1903. From the nobility, son of a gymnasium teacher. Since 1918, People's Commissar of Finance of the RSFSR. In May 1937 he was arrested. The only one refused to admit guilt: “I also did not commit any of the crimes that are charged to me personally.” Sentenced and executed in 1938.

Kursky Dmitry(1874 - 1932), People's Commissar of Justice of the RSFSR, first prosecutor of the RSFSR. Born into the family of a railway engineer. In 1918, a member of the commission for organizing in Soviet Russia intelligence agencies (together with Dzerzhinsky and Stalin). Member of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (1921) and the Central Executive Committee of the USSR (1923). Committed suicide (1932).

Lenin Vladimir(1870 - 1924), Soviet politician and statesman, revolutionary, founder of the Bolshevik Party, one of the organizers and leaders of the October Rebellion of 1917, chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (government) of the RSFSR and the USSR. Chief organizer of Elephant.

Lunacharsky Anatoly (1875 - 1933), - Soviet writer, politician, translator, publicist, critic, art critic. Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1930), People's Commissar of Education (1917-1929). Died in France. He was buried near the Kremlin wall.

Orakhelashvili Mamia (Ivan)(1881 - 1937) - Soviet party leader. Born into a noble family. He studied at the medical faculty of Kharkov University. From July 6, 1923 to May 21, 1925 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. In April 1937 he was exiled to Astrakhan. In 1937 he was arrested and executed.

Rykov Alexey(1875 - 1938), party member since 1898. Born in Saratov. Since 1921, deputy Pred. SNK and STO of the RSFSR, in 1923-1924. - USSR and RSFSR. Signed the decree on the creation of SLON. Expelled from the party (1937) and arrested. Shot on March 15, 1938.

Semashko Nikolay(1874 - 1949) - Soviet party and statesman. Nephew of the revolutionary G. Plekhanov. In Switzerland he met Lenin (1906). Since 1918 People's Commissar of Health of the RSFSR. Professor, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (1944) and the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR (1945). He died a natural death.

Sokolnikov Grigory (Brilliant Hirsch)(1888 - 1939) - Soviet state. activist Member and can. member of the Politburo (1917, 1924-1925). People's Commissar of Finance of the RSFSR (1922) and the USSR (1923-1926). Arrested and sentenced to 10 years in prison (1937). According to the official version, he was killed by prisoners in the Verkhneuralsk political isolation ward (1939). Shot on July 29, 1937, the corpse was burned. The ashes were thrown into a pit at the Donskoy Monastery cemetery in Moscow.

All these comrades are commissars of the Council of People's Commissars, members of the government - the same Leninist government that launched the state mechanism of terror with the first stop at Solovki, in SLON. All these “comrades” are directly involved in the adoption of the Resolution. Active position or criminal connivance. Question for the Court: what was each of them doing on November 2, 1923?

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (Sovnarkom of the RSFSR, Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR)- the name of the government until 1946. The Council consisted of people's commissars who led the people's commissariats (People's Commissariats, NK). After its formation, a similar body was created at the union level

Story

The Council of People's Commissars (SNK) was formed in accordance with the "Decree on the establishment of the Council of People's Commissars", adopted by the II All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies on October 27, 1917. Immediately before the seizure of power on the day of the revolution, the Central Committee also instructed Winter (Berzin) to enter into political contact with the Left Socialist Revolutionaries and begin negotiations with them on the composition of the government. During the Second Congress of Soviets, the Left Socialist Revolutionaries were offered to join the government, but they refused. The factions of the right Socialist Revolutionaries left the Second Congress of Soviets at the very beginning of its work - before the formation of the government. The Bolsheviks were forced to form a one-party government. The name "Council of People's Commissars" was proposed: Power in St. Petersburg was won. We need to form a government.
- What to call him? - reasoned out loud. Just not ministers: this is a vile, worn-out name.
“We could be commissars,” I suggested, but now there are too many commissars. Perhaps high commissioners? No, “supreme” sounds bad. Is it possible to say “folk”?
- People's Commissars? Well, that'll probably do. What about the government as a whole?
- Council of People's Commissars?
“The Council of People’s Commissars,” Lenin picked up, “this is excellent: it smells terrible of revolution.” According to the Constitution of 1918, it was called the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR.
The Council of People's Commissars was the highest executive and administrative body of the RSFSR, having full executive and administrative power, the right to issue decrees having the force of law, while combining legislative, administrative and executive functions. The Council of People's Commissars lost the character of a temporary governing body after the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly, which was legally enshrined in the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918. Issues considered by the Council of People's Commissars were resolved by a simple majority of votes. The meetings were attended by members of the Government, the chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the manager and secretaries of the Council of People's Commissars, and representatives of departments. The permanent working body of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR was the administration, which prepared issues for meetings of the Council of People's Commissars and its standing commissions, and received delegations. The administrative staff in 1921 consisted of 135 people. (according to the data of the TsGAOR USSR, f. 130, op. 25, d. 2, pp. 19 - 20.) By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR dated March 23, 1946, the Council of People's Commissars was transformed into the Council of Ministers.

Activity

According to the Constitution of the RSFSR dated July 10, 1918, the activities of the Council of People's Commissars consist of: managing the general affairs of the RSFSR, managing individual branches of management (Articles 35, 37), issuing legislative acts and taking measures “necessary for the correct and rapid flow of state life" (Article 38) The People's Commissar has the right to individually make decisions on all issues within the jurisdiction of the Commissariat, bringing them to the attention of the collegium (Article 45). All adopted resolutions and decisions of the Council of People's Commissars are reported to the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (Article 39), which has the right to suspend and cancel a resolution or decision of the Council of People's Commissars (Article 40). 17 people's commissariats are created (in the Constitution this figure indicated erroneously, since in the list presented in Art. 43, there are 18 of them). The following is a list of people's commissariats of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR in accordance with the Constitution of the RSFSR of July 10, 1918:

For foreign affairs;
For military affairs;
For maritime affairs;
For internal affairs;
Justice;
Labor;
Social Security;
Enlightenment;
Posts and telegraphs;
Nationalities Affairs;
For financial matters;
Communication routes;
Commerce and Industry;
Food;
State control;
Supreme Council of the National Economy;
Healthcare.

Under each people's commissar and under his chairmanship, a collegium is formed, the members of which are approved by the Council of People's Commissars (Article 44). With the formation of the USSR in December 1922 and the creation of an all-Union government, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR became the executive and administrative body state power RF. The organization, composition, competence and procedure for the activities of the Council of People's Commissars were determined by the Constitution of the USSR of 1924 and the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1925. at this moment The composition of the Council of People's Commissars was changed in connection with the transfer of a number of powers to allied departments. 11 people's commissariats were established:

Domestic trade;
Labor;
Finance;
Internal Affairs;
Justice;
Enlightenment;
Healthcare;
Agriculture;
Social Security;
VSNKh.

The Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR now included, with the right of a decisive or advisory vote, representatives of the USSR People's Commissariats under the Government of the RSFSR. The Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR allocated, in turn, a permanent representative to the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. (according to information from the SU, 1924, N 70, art. 691.) Since February 22, 1924, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR have a single Administration. (based on materials from the TsGAOR USSR, f. 130, op. 25, d. 5, l. 8.) With the introduction of the Constitution of the RSFSR on January 21, 1937, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR was accountable only to the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, and in the period between its sessions - to the Presidium of the Supreme Council RSFSR. Since October 5, 1937, the composition of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR has included 13 people's commissariats (data from the Central State Administration of the RSFSR, f. 259, op. 1, d. 27, l. 204.):

Food industry;
Light industry;
Forestry industry;
Agriculture;
Grain state farms;
Livestock farms;
Finance;
Domestic trade;
Justice;
Healthcare;
Enlightenment;
Local industry;
Utilities;
Social Security.

Also included in the Council of People's Commissars is the Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the RSFSR and the head of the Department of Arts under the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR.

In the book by V.I. Lenin. Unknown documents. 1891-1922 - M.: “Russian Political Encyclopedia” (ROSSPEN), 2000. The following document was published on pp. 301-302:

EXPLANATION OF 1918 INCOME STATEMENT(1)

My income in 1918 consisted of two items:

(§4) salary of the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars.

Since the salary varied in size throughout the year, I instructed the Administration of the Council of People's Commissars to compile an extract from the books on the exact amount of the salary received for 1918. Attached is (2).

(§ 5) Literary earnings: I received them periodically in different amounts from Vladimir D[mitrievich] Bonch-Bruevich, head of the party publishing house and payments to authors. Attached is a certificate from the documents about the total amount received for 1918, certified by the corresponding signatures.

Addition to § 4. An apartment in kind was obtained at the beginning of the year in Smolny (Petrograd), then, since the government moved to Moscow, in the Kremlin (Moscow), 4 rooms in size, kitchen, room for servants (family - 3 people [ewe], plus 1 servant). I don’t know the cost of the apartment at local prices.

Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars V. Ulyanov (Lenin).

Moscow. Kremlin. September[October] 1919

Foundation 2, on. 1, d. 11186, l. 2 - autograph.

On September 13, 1919, V.I. Lenin received an application form from the Moscow district income tax office to provide information about income in 1918. On the accompanying note to the form, Lenin noted: “Received on September 13, 1919 by V. Ulyanov (Lenin)” (Lenin collection XXIV, p. 309). On the same day, Lenin sent a form from the manager of the Council of People's Commissars to V.D. Bonch-Bruevich with a request to order extracts from statements of salaries and literary royalties in 1918. On the back of Lenin’s note, N.K. Krupskaya asked Bonch-Bruevich to send a certificate about her fees (ibid., pp. 309-310). No extracts found.

Lenin's income in 1918 amounted to 24,683 rubles 33 kopecks and consisted of two income items: wages Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR - 9683 rubles. 33 kopecks and Lenin’s fees as a journalist - 15,000 rubles; about other income (from monetary capital, real estate, trade and crafts and from the rights to all kinds of periodic receipts and benefits) the answers in the application to the 1 Moscow precinct for income tax presence are negative (“no”). The statement was signed by Lenin on September 20, 1919 (RCKHIDNI, f. 2, on. 1, d. 11186, l. 1-2).

2 There are no applications in RCKHIDNI.

As we can see, in commentary 1, the compilers of the collection indicate that V.D. Bonch-Bruevich’s extracts from V.I. Lenin’s salary and literary royalties statements in 1918 were not found. I was able to find these extracts in the article by V.D. BONCH-BRUEVICH, Vladimir Ilyich is a taxpayer. // “30 days” Illustrated monthly. 1929. No. 4. P. 34-37

Vladimir Ilyich - taxpayer

V. D. BONCH-BRUEVICH, Vladimir Ilyich is a taxpayer. // “30 days” Illustrated monthly. 1929. No. 4. P. 34-37

Lenin was not only a brilliant leader of the proletariat, who accurately and soberly took into account all the conditions before each new tactical move in foreign affairs domestic policy, but also a person who accurately and accurately fulfills his duties as an ordinary Soviet citizen. The former manager of the Council of People's Commissars, V. Bonch-Bruevich, lifts the curtain on this corner of Vladimir Ilyich's life.

When the law on income tax was issued, Vladimir Ilyich more than once told many of his comrades that we need to set an example of accurate, timely and correct accounting of our earnings and report them to the financial inspector with the appropriate declarations.

Finally, in September 1919, a “declaration” was sent to Vladimir Ilyich, which was called “Statement of Income Received in 1918.” This paper was received from the 1st Moscow Income Tax Precinct (Form No. 8) “Payer’s File No...”. This “statement” was sent against the receipt of a printed “reminder from the Chairman of the 1st Moscow precinct for income tax presence.” It is addressed: “V. I. Ulyanov-Lenin.” At the bottom of the tear-off coupon of this “reminder”, in Vladimir Ilyich’s own handwriting, in the “received” column: “September 13, 1919”, and in the line “signature of the payer” there is a handwritten signature: “V. Ulyanov (Lenin)"

Having received this “reminder”, Vladimir Ilyich immediately wrote me the following letter:

"13/IX - 1919

Dear Vlad. Dm.!

From the papers sent you will see what my request to you is. Please kindly order selections from the books and attach a statement of the results

§ 4 salary

§ 5 literary fee with proper signatures:

§ 4- Management of Affairs of the Council of People's Commissars

§ 5 - Publishing house "Kom[mun]st" and then the party

Maybe you can also take into account the cost of the apartment?

Thank you in advance and send greetings

Your Lenin"

(See back[o])

On the other side of the note, written on an eight-point sheet of paper, it read:

“Vl. Dm., perhaps you will be so kind as to write how much royalties I received from you (1) in 1918.

N. Ulyanova"

Having received this letter, I immediately began collecting information about Vladimir Ilyich’s income. On September 16, 1919, I could already give Vladimir Ilyich the following certificate for No. 5744:

“Salaries were issued from the cash office of the Administration of the Council of People's Commissars to the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, comrade Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin).

January...............Rub. 500.-

February......283.- 33

March.......500.-

April......500.-

May.........................500.-

June......800.-

July......800.-

August......800. -

September......1200.-

October...................1200.-

December......1200.-

Lifting...................1400. -

TOTAL............... Rub. 9.683.- 33

Manager of the Council of People's Commissars Vlad. Bonch-Bruevich,

Ch. accountant Markelov"

It’s interesting what Vladimir Ilyich received for February less than a month(283 rub. 33 k.). This reduction in salaries in February 1918 is explained by the fact that it was at this time that the decree of the Council of People's Commissars “On the introduction of the Western European calendar” was issued.

By virtue of this law, the salary of the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars was correspondingly reduced, and Vladimir Ilyich received in February 1918, instead of 500 rubles, only 283 rubles. 33 kopecks For November no salary was given at all. I can’t remember now what explained this non-issue, and this detail is subject to research.

Thus, in just a year, Vladimir Ilyich received a salary as Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, 9683 rubles. 33 k. in falling currency. In addition to this income, Vladimir Ilyich at that time received a certain fee for those of his books that were published at that time in the Kommunist publishing house, which belonged to the Central Committee of the Party.

On September 17, 1919, I received a notice from the office of the Kommunist publishing house, which said:

"Comrade Lenin

Here.

“We hereby inform you that the following amounts were paid to you as royalties for your published books during 1918:

1918

January 11th horde. 558 - R. 1000 -

May 13th 1357 - R. 2000 -

July 30th 3214 - R. 2000 -

Sep. 17th 11/9 - R. 5000 -

Nov. 1st 11/9 - R. 5000 -

Total RUR 15,000 -

(Fifteen thousand rubles).

With friendly greetings:

For the head of the Book Publishing House (signature is not legible).

For Accountant Lyubimov.

Secretary N. Zhdanovich."

I usually brought him the fee, and took from him for the accounting department of “Kommunist”, as before for the office of the Publishing House “Life and Knowledge”, such receipts:

“Through Vlad. Dmitr. Bonch-Bruevich, I received ten thousand rubles (2) as a fee for [books 1) Agrarian program of the 1st Russian revolution, 2) From the history of the Social-Democratic agrarian program].

V. Ulyanov (Lenin).

The text of this receipt is written in Vlad’s hand. Bonch-Bruevich, and the signature “V. Ulyanov (Lenin)” was made by Vladimir Ilyich himself.

In order to make it clear to today's readers what kind of salary the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars received at a fixed rate, I turned to the USSR Currency Administration, asking for help in transferring these daily falling banknotes at a fixed rate according to the index of that time.

With the kind assistance of T. G. Goldberg, I received 6/XI n. d. official notice “on the transfer of V.I. Lenin’s earnings, expressed in Sovznak, to commodity rubles.” Since few people now remember the dizzying puzzle that such transfers were, and the fall of the currency itself seems fabulous, to explain all these complex manipulations we find it necessary to give here the full explanations of the Currency Board. “Regarding 1918 and 1919,” they tell me, “there are all-Union and Moscow indices of the Central Bureau of Labor Statistics of the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions, published in the bulletin of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions, Central Statistical Service and People's Commissariat of Trade No. 1 dated 1/12 - 1922. These indices were not calculated in 1918 and 19, and later based on materials on prices for these years. State commodity market in 1918 and 1919 the situation was such that materials on prices cannot, of course, be considered to sufficiently express the average prices of goods. Due to the lack of official exchange rates for the gold ruble in Sovznak for these years, we have to use the Stat index. Labor of the CSPS for any transfers of paper banknotes into hard rubles for this period.

“When recalculating V.I. Lenin’s earnings into commodity rubles, the Moscow Labor Statistics Index of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions was taken as a basis.

“It is not possible to transfer paper banknotes to hard rubles for each date separately; since the indices are calculated only on the 1st day of the month and are average for the month. Therefore, when recalculating, one or another index was used depending on the proximity to the corresponding date or the monthly average.

“Data on the income received by V.I. Lenin for 1918 in commodity rubles was calculated not by transferring the total annual amount according to the average annual index, but as the sum of the salary received and literary earnings in hard rubles by month.

“The enumeration produced by these methods gives the following results:

According to the transfer of the Currency Office, this total income of Vladimir Ilyich (24,683 rubles 33 k.) was equal in hard rubles to only 266 rubles. 4 k.! Thus, at that time, the salary of the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars averaged eight rubles 75 kopecks per month. This is a very interesting figure and characteristic of a time shaken by revolution. Vladimir Ilyich’s entire average monthly income (salary and literary earnings) at that time reached twenty-two rubles 16 kopecks per month in hard rubles.

This “Statement” was sent by the Administrative Office of the Council of People's Commissars with the following paper:

R.S.F.S.R.

Business Management

Council of People's Commissars.

Moscow, Kremlin.

№ 5761

I am forwarding with this a statement of income received by the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin), who lives in the Kremlin in the former building. Judicial Rulings. Attached to this application is an official certificate from the Administration of the Council of People's Commissars dated September 16th. for No. 5744 about the money he received in payment of the salary assigned to him from January 1, 1918 to January 1, 1919 in the amount of 9,683 rubles. 33 kopecks (nine thousand six hundred eighty-three rubles. 33 kopecks) 2) official certificate of the Book Publishing House and Book Warehouse “Communist” of the Central Committee of the R.K.P. dated September 17 for No. 1005 for the amount of royalties received by V.I. Lenin during 1918 . for his books in the amount of 15,000 (fifteen thousand rubles)

Manager of the Council of People's Commissars Vlad. Bonch-Bruevich

It took us a week to collect all this information. And this week Vladimir Ilyich repeatedly reminded and hurried me about this matter, since he considered it necessary and necessary to fulfill all the laws in the most exactly He calmed down only when I told him that all this correspondence had been handed over to the local income inspector against receipt.

Vlad. Bonch-Bruevich

N.K. Krupskaya (Ulyanova) published several books in the publishing house "Life and Knowledge", which I was in charge of and which, having merged with other party publications, formed, by decision of the party Central Committee, a new publishing house. Kommunist, where Nadezhda Konstantinovna also published her books.

In hard currency of that time, this amounted, according to the calculations of the Currency Board, to only 6 rubles

http://yroslav1985.livejournal.com/146807.html

However, this list strongly diverges from official data on the composition of the first Council of People's Commissars. Firstly, writes Russian historian Yuri Emelyanov in his work “Trotsky. Myths and personality", it includes people's commissars from various compositions SNK, which changed many times. Secondly, according to Emelyanov, Dikiy mentions a number of people’s commissariats that never existed at all! For example, on cults, on elections, on refugees, on hygiene... But the actually existing People's Commissariats of Railways, Posts and Telegraphs are not included in the Wild's list at all!
Further: Dikiy claims that the first Council of People's Commissars included 20 people, although it is known that there were only 15 of them.
A number of positions are listed inaccurately. Thus, Chairman of the Petrosovet G.E. Zinoviev never actually held the post of People's Commissar of Internal Affairs. Proshyan, whom Dikiy for some reason calls “Protian,” was the People’s Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs, not of Agriculture.
Several of the mentioned “members of the Council of People’s Commissars” were never members of the government. I.A. Spitsberg was an investigator of the VIII liquidation department of the People's Commissariat of Justice. It is generally unclear who is meant by Lilina-Knigissen: either the actress M.P. Lilina, or Z.I. Lilina (Bernstein), who worked as head of the public education department of the executive committee of the Petrograd Soviet. Cadet A.A. Kaufman participated as an expert in the development of land reform, but also had nothing to do with the Council of People's Commissars. The name of the People's Commissar of Justice was not Steinberg at all, but Steinberg...

It was first elected at the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets on November 8 (October 26, old style) 1917, chaired by Vladimir Lenin, as a provisional workers' and peasants' government (until the convening of the Constituent Assembly). The management of individual branches of state life was carried out by commissions. Government power belonged to the board of chairmen of these commissions, that is, the Council of People's Commissars. Control over the activities of the people's commissars and the right to remove them belonged to the All-Russian Congress of Councils of Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Deputies and its Central Executive Committee (CEC).

After the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly, the Third All-Russian Congress of Soviets on January 31 (January 18, old style) 1918 decided to abolish the word “temporary” in the name of the Soviet government, calling it the “Workers’ and Peasants’ Government of the Russian Soviet Republic.”

According to the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918, adopted by the Fifth All-Russian Congress of Soviets on July 10, 1918, the government was called the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR.

In connection with the formation of the USSR in December 1922, a union government was created - the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, chaired by Vladimir Lenin (first approved at the second session of the USSR Central Executive Committee in July 1923).

In accordance with the Constitution of the USSR of 1924, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was the executive and administrative body of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, formed by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR for the term of office of the Central Executive Committee, the Council of People's Commissars of the allied and autonomous republics— Central Election Commission of the respective republics. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was supposed to regularly report on the work done at the Congresses of Soviets of the USSR and sessions of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR.

The competence of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR included the organization of direct management of the national economy and all other sectors of state life. This leadership was carried out through central sectoral bodies - non-unified (union) and united (union-republican) People's Commissariats of the USSR. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR supervised the activities of the People's Commissariats, reviewed their reports, and resolved disagreements between individual departments. He approved concession agreements, resolved disputes between the Councils of People's Commissars of the Union republics, considered protests and complaints against the decisions of the Council of Labor and Defense of the USSR and other institutions under it, against the orders of the People's Commissars, approved the staff of all-Union institutions, and appointed their leaders.

The responsibility of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR included taking measures to implement the national economic plan and the state budget and to strengthen the monetary system, to ensure public order, implementation of general management in the field of external relations with foreign states, etc.

Legislative work was also entrusted to the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR: it preliminary considered draft decrees and resolutions, which were then submitted for approval by the Central Executive Committee of the USSR and its presidium; from the beginning of the 1930s, all bills had to be previously submitted for consideration to the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, although this was not provided for by the constitution .

The Constitution of 1936 added to the definition of the place of government in the state mechanism. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was defined as "the highest executive and administrative body of state power." The word "supreme" was absent from the 1924 Constitution.
According to the Constitution of the USSR of 1936, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the Council of People's Commissars of the union and autonomous republics were formed, respectively, by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Supreme Councils of the union and autonomous republics.

The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was formally responsible to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (SC) and accountable to it, and in the period between sessions of the Supreme Council it was responsible to the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Council, to which it was accountable. The Council of People's Commissars could issue decrees and orders binding on the entire territory of the USSR on the basis and in pursuance of existing laws and verify their implementation.

Orders, as state acts, began to be issued by the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR in 1941.

To successfully implement the functions assigned to it, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR could create committees, directorates, commissions and other institutions.

Subsequently, a large network of special departments emerged in various branches of public administration, operating under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.

The chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR were Vladimir Lenin (1923-1924), Alexei Rykov (1924-1930), Vyacheslav Molotov (1930-1941), Joseph Stalin (1941-1946).

In the post-war period, in order to introduce names generally accepted in international state practice, by the law of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 15, 1946, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was transformed into the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and the People's Commissariats into ministries.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources