Since invention railway Hundreds of years have already passed. Railway transport has overcome a long evolutionary path of development from hand-pulled massive trolleys to modern super-high-speed express trains operating on the principle of magnetic levitation, which have already become commonplace in many countries around the world. This selection will feature the fastest trains that can reach speeds of at least 300 km per hour.
11th place. HSL 1 (High-Speed Line 1) - speed 300 km/h
HSL 1 is a Belgian high-speed electric train of the TGV series (Train à Grande Vitesse - " high-speed train" in French), with an operating speed of 300 km/h, runs on the high-speed railway line connecting Brussels with the French railway line LGV Nord. It entered service in December 1997.
10th place. THSR 700T - speed 300 - 315 km/h
THSR 700T is a high speed train on the island of Taiwan, developed from Japanese Shinkansen trains. The train, which has a maximum operating speed of 300 km/h, connects northern Taipei and southern Kaohsiung. It consists of 12 comfortable carriages and can accommodate 989 passengers. The speed record for this train was set in 2005 and is 315 km/h.
9th place. InterCity Express (ICE) - speed 320 km/h
ICE - high-speed trains common in Germany and neighboring countries. On the Strasbourg-Paris line, InterCity Express reaches speeds of up to 320 km/h. Today ICEs are the main type of trains traveling on long distances, from all represented by German Railways. These trains are also supplied to Russia, where they are used on the Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod and Moscow - St. Petersburg high-speed railway lines.
8th place. Eurostar - speed 300 - 334.7 km/h
Eurostar or British Rail Class 373 is a British TVG series high-speed electric train operating between the UK, Belgium and France through the Channel Tunnel, which is the second longest railway tunnel in the world. The train's capacity is 900 passengers, its operating speed reaches 300 km/h, and the speed record for this train was set in 2003 and is equal to 334.7 km/h. The journey from London to Paris by Eurostar takes 2 hours 16 minutes.
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7th place. KTX Sancheon - speed 305 - 352 km/h
Sancheon, formerly known as KTX II, entered service in South Korea in 2009. It was built by Hyundai Rotem based on technology from French TGV trains and is owned by Korail, the national railway operator of South Korea. Although it can reach speeds of up to 352 km/h (the record was set in 2004), for safety reasons it does not go faster than 305 km/h. The comfortable train with a capacity of 363 passengers operates on the route Yongsan - Gwangju - Mokpo and Seoul - Busan.
6th place. ETR-500 (Elettro Treno Rapido 500) - speed 300 - 362 km/h
For the ETR-500 electric train, released in Italy in 1993, the operating speed reaches 300 km/h, and the speed record was set in 2009 in the tunnel between Bologna and Florence and is 362 km/h. The train covers the distance from the center of Bologna to Milan in 56 minutes. The release of six ETR-1000 trains is planned for 2014, which will reach speeds from 360 to 400 km/h.
5th place. AVE Talgo-350 - speed 330 - 365 km/h
AVE (Alta Velocidad Española) is a trademark of the Spanish Railways operator Renfe-Operador. The abbreviation is also a play on the word "bird" (ave) in Spanish. All AVE class trains are high-speed, but the electric train AVE Talgo-350 with a capacity of 318 passengers, accelerating up to 330 km/h on the routes Madrid - Valladolid and Madrid - Barcelona, is especially fast. In 2004, during testing, the train reached a speed of 365 km/h. Because of appearance, similar to a duck's beak, the AVE Talgo-350 was nicknamed Pato (duck in Spanish).
4th place. CRH380A - speed 380 - 486.1 km/h
The Chinese train CRH380A is designed for a maximum operating speed of 380 km/h, while the speed record for such a train is 486.1 km/h. The production of these iron monsters is carried out by the largest railway manufacturer in China - CSR Qingdao Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company. The high-speed 8-car train with an “airplane-style” interior can accommodate 494 passengers. In September 2010, the CRH-380A was put into operation for the first time on the Shanghai - Nanjing route. It later began operating daily flights on the Wuhan-Guangzhou and Shanghai-Hangzhou lines.
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3rd place. Shanghai Maglev Train - speed 431 - 501 km/h
The Shanghai Maglev is a Chinese high-speed maglev train operating in Shanghai since 2004. The maximum speed of the express train is 431 km/h, which allows you to cover the distance from the city center to the airport (30 km) in just 7-8 minutes. In a test run on November 12, 2003, this train reached a speed of 501 km/h. The developers of the train are not the Chinese, but the Germans. The prototype of the Shanghai Maglev Train was the Transrapid SMT model
2nd place. TGV POS - speed 320 - 574.8 km/h
These French TVG series trains operate between France and Switzerland and between France and Germany. Operating speed - 320 km/h. At the same time, the TGV POS model holds the speed record among rail trains - in 2007, this train was able to accelerate to 574.8 km per hour.
1 place. Shinkansen series trains - speed 320 - 581 km/h
Shinkansen (Shinkansen - "new line" in Japanese) is a network of Japanese high-speed trains, often called "bullet" trains, and for good reason - the Shinkansen speed record for conventional railway lines is 443 km/h (the record was set in 1996 ), and on magnetic suspension 581 km/h, which is an absolute world record for trains (the record was set in 2003). The first high-speed train in Japan went into operation in 1964. Today, Shinkansen express trains, consisting of sixteen cars, cover the distance between Osaka and Tokyo in 2 hours and 25 minutes. The train has a peculiar elongated nose, thanks to which it received the nickname “platypus”. By the way, Shinkansen trains have the status of not only one of the fastest trains, but also the safest - in 40 years of operation there has not been a single major accident.
If the slowest train takes a passenger to his desired destination, then the journey simply seems like an eternity. But travel time can be significantly reduced and the entire trip can be spent with maximum comfort. To ensure that the journey is not too long and tiring, you should travel on the right railway, along which the fastest train in the world will travel. And which trains claim to be the fastest? Let's look at a few contenders that are capable of high speeds and allow passengers to quickly reach their destinations.
This is the fastest maglev train in the world. It was he who surprised the whole world in 2003 with a speed of up to 581 km/h - the train managed to achieve this speed twice during testing. And, in general, average speed This train's speed is approximately 300 km/h. However, among high-speed trains in Japan, it has become a real symbol of reliability and speed - and has remained so for over fifty years.
Another contender for the title of fastest is this French rail train, which can accelerate to almost 575 km/h. The train showed this result during tests in 2007 - thereby setting a kind of world-class record among this type of train. The French are very proud of this train, because they proved that rail trains can reach no less speed than the record holders in this matter - magnetic levitation trains. This train transports passengers from France to Switzerland and Germany, but its speed is on average 320 km/h.
This Chinese rail train managed to reach a speed of 487 km/h during testing. In the class of Chinese serial trains, this train set a world record. In addition to the fact that it develops high speed, it is also considered the most comfortable and safe. It will take only about three hours to travel from Guangzhou to Wuhan, the distance between which is over 1000 km. And the train usually moves at a speed of 350 km/h.
And this train can quite rightly be called the fastest, since it can accelerate to a speed of 500 km/h. The train carries passengers from Tokyo to Aomori and back. Business class carriages, according to passengers, are very similar to the cabin. In addition to high technical characteristics, the Japanese train is environmentally friendly and has an ultra-modern design. The demand for such trains is quite high. They are especially interested in the United States of America, which relies primarily on safety and environmental friendliness when transporting passengers.
This fastest train in Russia, created by Siemens, was acquired by Russian Railways. The train runs on local roads from Moscow to St. Petersburg and in the opposite direction. The maximum speed that Sapsan is capable of is 350 km/h. However, on local roads the train moves at a speed of 200-250 km/h.
Trains created by Siemens are somewhat different from European-made trains. For example, the air intakes on the trains of this manufacturer are located on the roof, which makes it possible to operate the trains at very low temperatures (minus 50 degrees). The Sapsan cabin is slightly wider (30 cm) than the cabins of European-type trains, which is explained by the different gauge of Russian roads and the different dimensions of the rolling stock.
February 13, 2016 There is no common understanding of the term “best” in relation to passenger trains in the world, since comfort, speed, cost of travel, and a number of other factors are important for passengers. Therefore, railway companies and train designers work according to different directions– increase speed, improve comfort, achieve reduction in energy consumption and transportation costs. We will tell you what has been done in these areas in recent years in Russia.
Peregrine Falcon
The most famous high-speed electric train in Russia today, it even has its own Twitter account and LiveJournal blog. The Sapsan project was developed specifically for Russia by the German company Siemens.
The Sapsan departed on its first, loudly advertised commercial flight from Moscow to St. Petersburg on December 17, 2009, and now runs on the Moscow - St. Petersburg (five trains per day) and Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod (two trains per day) lines. The electric train is capable of reaching speeds of up to 300 km/h, but at Russian roads its maximum speed is 250 km/h, on the section Malaya Vishera - Okulovka (Mstinsky Bridge), and the main part of the route "Sapsan" moves at a speed of 200 km/h. The number of carriages in the train is 10, the number of seats is 592.
The cost of travel on the Sapsan on the Moscow – St. Petersburg line in economy class is from 2320 rubles (one way) and in business class from 4200 rubles, on the Moscow – Nizhny Novgorod line from 1080 rubles in economy class and from 4650 rubles in business class.
Allegro
This high-speed train, well known to St. Petersburg residents, can be considered Russian, in best case scenario, half. The Allegro train runs between St. Petersburg and the capital of Finland, Helsinki, and is jointly operated by Russian Railways and the Finnish company Suomen Valtion Rautatiet. The project developer and manufacturer is the Finnish company Alstom.
On the territory of Finland the train moves at a speed of 220 km/h, on the territory of Russia - at a speed of 200 km/h; the railway infrastructure no longer allows it. The high-speed train “Allegro” covers the distance from our northern capital to the capital of the Country Suomi in 3 hours 50 minutes, with stops in the border Vyborg and some Finnish cities - Vainikkala, Lahti, Pasila and others.
The number of cars in the Allegro train is 7, the number of seats is 352, plus 2 seats for disabled people. The basic fare is 84 euros in a second class carriage and 104 euros in a first class carriage.
ES "Swallow"
This high-speed electric train, running in the Krasnodar region, can rightfully be considered “the most expensive electric train in Russia.” “Swallow” is one of the most ambitious and costly projects related to the 2014 Olympics. To implement it, Russian Railways signed a contract with the German company Siemens in 2009, according to which the company must supply 54 Siemens Desiro Rus electric trains to Russia in the amount of 410 million euros. And in 2013, Russian Railways entered into a new contract with Siemens for technical and service maintenance of trains for 40 years, worth 500 million euros. By the way, the letters ES in the name of the train mean “Electrosiemens”.
Each “Swallow” has five carriages. Seating - 409; there are also 4 seats for passengers with disabilities, and a toilet room. When there is a large passenger flow, for example on the Adler – Tuapse route, two coupled trains of 10 cars are sent on the route.
And if it weren’t for the rude controllers of Russian Railways and the carriages packed to capacity with passengers, these electric trains could easily be called one of the most comfortable types of transport in Russia. In the summer months, despite the high season and crowds of tourists, trains rarely run on the Tuapse-Sochi-Olympic Park route, which is why most passengers have to stand for hours in unsuitable passages. It looks something like in the Moscow metro cars at rush hour, but unlike the metro, the Swallow salons with narrow passages are not at all suitable for standing passengers.
In its homeland, Spain, this high-speed train is called Talgo 250. True, the train is Spanish, from the company Patentes Talgo S.L. The train only has carriages; it is planned to use domestic locomotives - EP20. From June 1, 2015, Swifts will operate on the route Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod. From the capital, with stops in Dzerzhinsk and Vladimir, the train will travel to Nizhny Novgorod 3 hours 45 minutes.
The number of cars in the Strizh train is from 7 to 11. There are 299 passenger seats in the 11-car train, and 236 seats in the standard 8-car train. The cost of travel in a carriage with standard seats is 1,150 rubles, in a luxury class carriage – 7,570 rubles.
Since 2013, train No. 103 with double-decker cars produced at the Tver Carriage Plant has been running on the Moscow-Adler route. This type of carriage (compartment) has 64 berths instead of the usual 36, and the SV-class carriage has 32 berths (instead of 18 in the usual version). Such “densification” should lead to cheaper tickets, but so far nothing of the kind has been observed. A place in a compartment to Adler in a double-decker carriage costs 7,540 rubles, in a single-decker - 7,140 rubles. From June 1, 2015, a passenger train with double-decker cars No. 5/6 will run on the most popular route Moscow - St. Petersburg, the cost of a compartment ticket to St. Petersburg is 2,670 rubles.
In general, we have to admit that the “best” passenger trains in Russia are by no means the best, since they are not the fastest, not the most comfortable and not quite “ours”. Of all the loudly promoted Russian Railways projects listed above, only double-decker carriages are produced in Russia, but the trains that are formed from them are ordinary, except that the passengers in them had to “make room” a little and “fork out” extra money. There was also the long-suffering “Falcon-250” that never took off….
"Falcon-250"
About sixty people took part in the creation of a prototype domestic model of a high-speed dual-power electric train (DC and AC) “Sokol-250” Russian enterprises and organizations. It was assumed that the new train would be able to reach speeds of up to 350 km/h. During the acceptance tests of the Sokol-250 prototype in June 2001, a speed of 236 km/h was achieved for the first time - a record for Russian railways at that time. However, the acceptance committee recognized the commissioning of the Sokol as impossible due to many design flaws - overheating of the brake discs, unreliability of the braking system, insufficient tightness of the cars, etc. Several cars from the Sokol-250 experimental train are located on the sidings of the Central Museum October Railway.
WITH early XIX century, the train has always served as the epitome of human engineering and craftsmanship, and its invention has always pushed us to develop even more innovative technologies and spread the industrial revolution across the globe.
Today, trains have become one of the fastest land methods of transportation, and they continue to improve every day!
25. Hyperloop Train
Let's start this list with an honorable mention. Requiring years of work to become a commercial reality, the Hyperloop train is a theoretical high-speed vehicle proposed by billionaire and entrepreneur Elon Musk.
Traveling through a low-pressure tube, the Hyperloop train can travel at speeds of up to 760 mph (1,223 km/h) - fast enough to cover the distance from Los Angeles to San Francisco in just 30 minutes.
24. Mallard 4468
With a top speed of 126 mph (202.78 km/h), the Mallard broke the world speed record for steam locomotives in 1938 and is still considered the world's fastest steam train.
The Mallard was withdrawn from service in 1963 and can now be seen at the United Kingdom's National Railway Museum in York.
23. Acela Express
Owned by Amtrak, high speed train The Acela Express operates throughout the Northeast Corridor of the United States, from Washington DC to Boston, Massachusetts. Developing maximum speed At 150 mph (241.4 km/h), the Acela Express is the fastest train in North America.
22. High speed train THSR 700T
Designed and manufactured in Japan, the THSR 700T high-speed train was designed almost immediately after the Japanese Shinkansen 700 Series electric train. With a top speed of 186 mph (299.34 km/h), the THSR 700T is the fastest bullet train on the island of Taiwan.
21. "Thalys"
Traveling at a speed of 186 mph (299.34 km/h), Thalis connects 17 cities in Belgium, Germany, France and the Netherlands. Departing from Brussels, the Thalis can arrive in Paris within 90 minutes, and promises a full refund if it doesn't arrive on time.
20. "Regina"
Regina is a Swedish high-speed passenger train manufactured by Bombardier Transportation. Although it typically travels at a commercial speed of 120 mph, the modified Regina set the Swedish railway speed record in 2008, reaching 188 mph. h).
19. “A-Zhe-Ve Italo” (AGV Italo)
Officially known as the AGV 575, the Italo was manufactured by the French engineering company Alstom and owned by the Italian company NTV. With a top speed of 190 mph (305.78 km/h), A-Je-Ve Italo was the fastest train in Italy until 2015, when its speed record was broken by the Frecciarossa 1000. .
18.TCDD HT80000
Built almost entirely on the Siemens Velaro platform, the HT80000 can reach a top speed of approximately 190 mph (305.78 km/h) and is Turkey's fastest commercial high-speed train.
17. Alstom Euroduplex
The Euroduplex is a high-speed, two-level train that reaches speeds of 200 mph (321.87 km/h). The first version was purchased and put into service by the French railway company SNCF, but the second was also sold to ONCF in Morocco, thereby making the Euroduplex the first high-speed train on the African continent.
16. "Eurostar e320" (Eurostar e320)
Traveling at a speed of 200 mph (321.87 km/h), the Eurostar E320 train connects London, Paris and Brussels, and also passes under the English Channel.
Although Eurostar trains are manufactured by the German company Siemens Velaro, Eurostar is actually an international working together France, Great Britain and Belgium.
15. KTX-Sancheon
Introduced in 2009, the South Korean train was the culmination of more than a decade of research and the second high-speed train developed by the Koreans. The KTX-Sancheon can travel at a top speed of 219 mph (352.45 km/h), but for safety reasons its speed limit has been limited to 186 mph (299.34 km/h).
14. "Talgo 350" (Talgo 350)
Originally built to connect two Spanish cities - Madrid and Barcelona - the Talgo 350 high-speed train can reach a maximum speed of 227 miles per hour (365.32 km/h). Because of the front of the train, which resembles a duck's beak, it is popularly nicknamed "Pato", which means "duck" in Spanish.
13. “Zefiro 380″ (Zefiro 380)
Manufactured by Canadian aerospace and transportation company Bombardier, the Zephyro 380 can reach one of the world's best operational speeds of 236 mph (379.81 km/h). In the near future, he will travel on China's railways.
12. Shinkansen bullet trains
Operated by the East Japan Railway Group, Japan's Shinkansen high-speed rail network's E5 and E6 bullet trains can reach speeds close to 250 mph (402.34 km/h). Trains are also well proven for their ability to travel at high speeds without compromising passenger comfort or safety.
11. “Red Arrow 1000″ (Frecciarossa 1000)
The high-speed "Red Arrow 1000" is the most by fast train, in service in Italy, with a top speed of almost 250 mph (402.34 km/h). It is also one of the most environmentally friendly high-speed trains in the world, with minimal carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and almost 100% recyclable materials.
10. Velaro E
Built by Siemens Velaro and operated by the state-owned rail network RENFE, the Velaro E high-speed train can reach a top speed of 251 mph (403.95 km/h). It holds the Spanish railway speed record and also holds the world speed record for unmodified commercial trains (until 2010).
9. "Ice V" (ICE V)
Originally known as the Intercity Experimental, Ice V was a government-funded research project, initiated to study the feasibility of high-speed rail services in Germany. In 1988 he set a new speed record for railway transport, accelerating to 253 mph (407.16 km/h).
8. Jet high-speed train LIMRV
Named short for Linear Induction Motor Research Vehicle, the LIMRV high-speed train was equipped with a 3,000 horsepower gas turbine. Horse power to power a linear asynchronous motor as well as two J52 jet motors to achieve even higher speeds.
In 1974, LIMRV reached 256 mph (411.99 km/h), which was the world speed record at the time. Vehicle traditional railway.
7. “Aérotrain I80”
The Aerotrain I80, designed by French engineer Jean Bertin, was a jet-powered hovercraft monorail that set the land speed record for hovercraft in 1974, reaching 267 mph (429.69 km). /h).
Due to lack of funding, as well as the death of its creator in 1977, the train never saw commercial use. However, it laid the foundation for maglev trains that were developed in subsequent years.
This high-speed train entered service at the end of 2010 and is the only Chinese high-speed train developed exclusively based on Chinese designs and technologies.
Its record top speed is 302 mph (486.02 km/h), but after a violent collision in 2011, China's Ministry of Railways reduced the train's operating speed to 186 mph (299.34 km/h).
5. Shanghai Maglev Train
As the world's first commercially used maglev train, the Shanghai Maglev entered service in 2004, marking the first use of trains developed by German manufacturing company Transrapid.
The Shanghai Maglev can reach speeds of up to 311 mph (500.51 km/h). It connects the Shanghai metro station and Pudong International Airport.
4. "Transrapid 09"
The latest and most advanced 09 series of magnetic levitation (maglev) trains, designed by the German manufacturer Transrapid, are designed to travel on cruising speed, equal to approximately 311 miles per hour (500.51 km/h). The train can accelerate and decelerate in a fraction of the time it takes other high-speed trains to do so.
3. TGV POS
In 2007, a modified TGV POS high-speed electric train set a world speed record for rail trains, reaching 357 mph (574.54 km/h).
To set the record, the train was modified to have larger wheels and use only two motor cars. Unmodified rolling stock, which connects France and Switzerland, operates with a maximum speed limit of 200 mph (321.87 km/h).
2. JR-Maglev MLX01
Traveling at a shocking 363 mph (584.19 km/h) along a 27-mile (43.45 km) test track in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, the experimental maglev MLX01 high-speed train set a new record in 2003 ground speed for rail trains.
This record stood for 12 years until it was broken in 2015 by another Japanese maglev on the same test track.
The high-speed train "Sapsan" of the Velaro RUS series - the first train of this class in Russia, capable of reaching a speed of 250 kilometers per hour - will depart for the first time on December 17 in the evening regular flight from Moscow to St. Petersburg.
Below is data on high-speed trains in the world.
InterCity is the UK's high-speed train network, covering all big cities England, Scotland and Wales. The network is divided into seven directions, each of which serves a specific area of Foggy Albion.
The Intercity brand was introduced in 1950 as the name of a train destination London Wolverhampton. Rolling stock in different time included 7 classes of trains, of which the most widely used today are: “Intercity 125” (maximum operating speed 200 km/h) and “Intercity 225” (maximum operating speed 225 km/h). Trains designed and built subsidiaries British Rail.
TGV (TGV, French for "high-speed train") is a French network of high-speed electric trains developed by Alstom and the national French railway operator SNCF. The first line was opened in 1981 between Paris and Lyon.
The TGV network covers cities in the south, west and northeast of France: Lyon, Tours, Le Mans, Lille, Marseille, Strasbourg, as well as several cities in Switzerland. TGV lines are connected to other high-speed train networks: Thalis in the north and east (Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands) and Eurostar in the west (UK).
TGV trains are capable of moving at speeds of up to 320 km/h - this became possible thanks to the construction of special railway lines without sharp turns. The trains are equipped with powerful traction motors, articulated cars, lightweight wheeled bogies, and automatic locomotive signaling devices, thanks to which the driver does not need to concentrate on traffic lights when driving at high speeds. The vast majority of TGV trains are used for passenger transport, but there are also a few mail trains operating Paris-Lyon routes.
TGV uses specially built tracks called LVV (French ligne a grande vitesse - "high-speed line"), specially designed for travel at speeds of more than 300 km/h. TGVs can also travel along conventional railway lines at a speed of no more than 220 km/h.
The number of passengers carried by TGV trains throughout the history of their existence is approaching 2 billion. Annual passenger traffic is now around 130 million (2008).
Thalys is a network of high-speed railway lines connecting Paris (France), Brussels (Belgium), Amsterdam (Netherlands) and Cologne (Germany). The decision to build a high-speed line Paris - Brussels - Cologne - Amsterdam was made in 1987 by the national railway operators of the four countries participating in the project, and on June 4, 1996, the first train departed on the Paris-Brussels-Amsterdam route.
The intermediate points through which Thalis trains travel are Antwerp, Rotterdam, The Hague, Liege and Aachen. Trains run both on specially dedicated high-speed lines and on old tracks for regular trains. In the future, it is planned to completely switch to high-speed lines. Lines are planned via Cologne to Frankfurt am Main. An obstacle to this is the insufficient power supply of the contact network in Germany. Travel time from Brussels to Paris is usually 82 minutes (distance approximately 300 km). The maximum permissible speed (depending on the type of track) is 300 km/h
Talis operates train models similar to TGV produced by the French company Alstom.
Eurostar is a railway network connecting London and Kent in the UK with the cities of Paris, Lille (France) and Brussels (Belgium). Eurostar trains cross the English Channel via the Eurotunnel, which runs under the channel.
The Eurostar train is essentially an extended modification of the TGV train, adapted for operation in the UK and the Eurotunnel. Differences include a smaller car volume that meets the British railway rolling stock gauge standard, UK-built asynchronous traction motors and an improved fire safety system in case of a fire in the tunnel.
The train was designed by GEC Alsthom (now Alstom) at factories in La Rochelle (France), Belfort (France) and Washwood Hat (England), and began operation in 1993.
There are two types of Eurostar trains: Eurostar Three Capitals (English: “Three Capitals”) consists of two head cars and eighteen passenger cars with two additional motor bogies; Eurostar North of London (English: "North of London") consists of 14 passenger carriages. Both types of trains consist of two parts that are not articulated in the middle, that is, in the event of a breakdown or emergency in the Eurotunnel, half of the train can be uncoupled so that it leaves the tunnel under its own power. Each half of the composition has its own number.
All Eurostar trains are suitable for operation on LGV AC lines (including the Eurotunnel line and standard lines in the UK), Belgian DC lines and the UK third rail systems common in the south of the country.
Eurostar North of London trains have never been used for international transport: they carry passengers from London to cities north of the capital, but these services are currently not profitable due to the serious decline in prices for domestic air travel.
The annual passenger traffic of the Eurostar network is more than 9 million people (2008).
Intercity Express (ICE) is a high-speed train network common in Germany and covering the Netherlands, Austria, Switzerland, Denmark and France. Developed and put into operation by Deutsche Bahn. IN given time The rolling stock is manufactured by a consortium led by Siemens AG. The total length of the sections where Intercity Express can reach speeds of more than 230 km/h is 1200 km.
Intercity Express provides passenger transportation to all major German cities: Berlin, Munich, Hamburg, Hanover, Stuttgart Bremen, Nuremberg, Dresden, Leipzig, Cologne, Bonn, and also connects Germany with neighboring countries through flights to Amsterdam (Holland), Liege and Brussels (Belgium), Paris (France), Zurich and Basel (Switzerland), Vienna (Austria), Aarhus and Copenhagen (Denmark). Unlike the French TGV or the Japanese Shinkansen, Intercity Express was not developed as a single system and therefore not all sections of the latest generation trains (ICE 3) can reach their maximum speed of 330 km/h. The section with the most routes is the Munich - Augsburg high-speed section, which carries more than 300 trains per day.
Unlike most high-speed train networks, which tend to radiate from one main point (TGV from Paris, Shinkansen from Tokyo), the Intercity Express network has four branches running from north to south, and three - from east to west. Three of the four north-south lines start in Hamburg and end in Munich.
"Shinkansen" (Japanese: "new line") is a high-speed railway network in Japan, designed to transport passengers between major cities of the country. Owned by Japan Railways. The first line opened between Tokyo and Osaka in 1964.
The Shinkansen network uses 1435 mm European gauge, which distinguishes it from the older Japanese railway lines, which have a 1067 mm gauge. Shinkansen lines are electrified using a single-phase alternating current system of 25 kV 60 Hz; on mini-Shinkansen lines the voltage is 20 kV.
The oldest Shinkansen line (Tokyo-Osaka) is in this moment and the busiest: it carries about 375 thousand passengers daily. In total, this high-speed train system transports 150 million people a year (409 thousand people a day), and the total number of passengers who have used the Shinkansen services since its inception has exceeded 6 billion.
The total length of the Shinkansen lines is 2,459 km. They cover all major cities of the islands of Kyushu and Honshu.
The Shinkansen system has six main lines: Tokyo-Osaka, Osaka-Hakata, Tokyo-Hachinohe, Omiya-Niigata, Takasaki-Nagano and Yatsushiro-Kagoshima, and 2 more lines known as "Mini Shinkansen": Fukushima-Shinjo and Morioka-Akita.
Shinkansen trains can have up to 16 cars, each 25 meters long, with the head cars usually being slightly longer. The total length of the train is about 400 meters.
Initially, the Shinkansen network was intended for both passenger and freight transportation around the clock. Freight services were later canceled and a service break was introduced on all lines from 0:00 to 06:00.
The maximum normal train speed achieved on the Nozomi route (on the stretch between the cities of Hiroshima and Hakata) is 300 km/h.
"Shanghai Maglev" (from the English maglev - magnetic levitation - "magnetic levitation") is the world's first commercial magnetic levitation railway line, operating in the city of Shanghai (PRC). Connects the city's Longyang Lu Station with international airport Pudong and covers a distance of 30 km in 7-8 minutes, reaching speeds of up to 431 km/h (average speed - 350 km/h). Designed and built by the German company Transrapid, opened in 2002, put into operation on December 31, 2002. Until 2010, the line was planned to be extended to Hongqiao Airport and further to southwest to Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province, after which its length would be 175 km. However, construction was frozen due to the possibility of harmful effects of electromagnetic waves on local residents, whose houses are located in close proximity to the future extension of the highway.
"Acela Express" (a combination of the English words acceleration and excellence - "acceleration" and "superiority") is a high-speed train connecting the American cities of Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, NY and Boston. "Asela Express" runs along the "Northeast Corridor" railway line running parallel to the coast Atlantic Ocean through densely populated areas of the northeastern United States.
The total length of the high-speed line is 735 km, and its northern part is only 8 km longer than the southern part (372 km and 364 km, respectively). Almost the entire line is owned by Amtrak, with the exception of a small section in the northern suburbs of New York (between New Rochelle and New Haven) owned by Metro North Railroad, the operator of commuter passenger service to the north. from New York.
The rolling stock for Acela was produced at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries by a consortium consisting of the Canadian Bombardier (75%) and the French Alstom (25%). Each train has a capacity of 304 passengers and consists of two locomotives at either end of the train and six intermediate carriages: four business class carriages (2+2 seating arrangement), one first class carriage (2+1 seating arrangement) and one restaurant/bar carriage.
The maximum speed of Asela in regular passenger traffic is 241 km/h. The route speed is lower: when traveling from end to end along the entire 735-kilometer route, it is 109-113 km/h, depending on the route and the number of stops.
"Asela Express" starts its route daily at 06.00, runs at intervals of an hour or more (depending on the day of the week) and ends at 20.00.
Asely's annual passenger traffic is about 3.2 million people (2007). The express transports more than 8.7 thousand people per day.