The matter began with nothing - with a gunpowder match. It's not so long ago that it was invented. Will a hundred years be gained with a small child? At first, when the powder flask began to be used, there was a lot of trickery about it. Which is completely in vain. Who, say, came up with the idea of ​​​​making turned straws, who again began to lubricate matches with such a composition so that they would burn with different lights: crimson, green, and whatnot. There was also a lot of weirdness with the capping. To put it bluntly, the powder match was all the rage.

I’m not going to say it about people, I’m going to say it about myself. In those years when people began to join collective farms in droves, I was no longer young. Instead of light brown curls, he grew a bald spot all over his head. And my old woman did not look young. Previously, I used to call it a singing machine, but now it looks like a sharpening machine. It wears me down and wears me down: this is missing, this is missing.

Among people, men take care of everything, but with us, as soon as it drags along and evaporates in the bathhouse, it’s on the side. And he has no thoughts about anything!

In these places before to the common man There would be no way to resist: the beast would eat it or the vile would overcome it. At first these places were inhabited by heroes. They, of course, looked like people, only very large and made of stone. It’s easier for this one, of course: the animal won’t bite him to death, the gadfly is completely at ease, he won’t be bothered by the heat and cold, and there’s no need for houses.

One of these stone heroes stood in for the eldest, named Denezhkin. You see, he answered with a glass with small money from all sorts of local stones and ore. This ore and stone money gave that hero his nickname.

The glass, of course, is heroic - taller than a man, much larger than a forty-bucket barrel. That glass is made from the finest golden topaz and is so finely and cleanly carved that it couldn’t be further from it. Ore and stone money are visible right through, and the power of this money is such that it shows the place.

By the way, we are not very rich here. All we have are mountains and spoons, spoons and mountains. You can't go around them, you can't go around them. Mountain, of course, grief is different. Nobody even takes the other one into account, but not only in their own district, but also distant people know the other: she is well-known, famous.

There was one such mountain right next to our plant. At first, for a mile, or even more, there is such a pull that a strong horse walks lightly, and it is in the soap, and then you still have to overcome the vultures, like the most difficult scallop to climb. What can I say, a remarkable hill. Once you pass or pass, you will remember it for a long time and will tell others.

We have one logo across the pond that has been famous for a long time. Such a fun place. The spoon is wide. In the spring it gets a little wet here, but the grass grows curlier and there are more flowers. All around, of course, there are forests of all kinds. It's nice to have a look. And it’s handy to pester from the pond to that logo: the shore is not steep and not flat, but, so to speak, as if it had been settled on purpose, and the bottom is sand with hazel grouse. The bottom is completely strong, and it doesn’t hurt your leg. In a word, everything is as imagined. You could say that this place itself is inviting: it’s nice to sit here on the bank, smoke a pipe or two, light a fire, and let us take a look at our factory—wouldn’t our little creature seem better?

The local people have been accustomed to this spoon since time immemorial. Even under the Mosolovs, fashion started.

They - these Mosolov brothers, under whom our factory began its construction, came from the carpenter's rank. In modern terms, apparently there were contractors. Yes, you got very rich and let’s set up your own factory. This means they swam out into deep water. They became heavy with wealth, of course. All three brothers forgot to walk along the rafters with a spirit level and a plumb line. They say in one word:

Two boys grew up in our factory, in close proximity: Lanko Puzhanko and Leiko Shapochka.

I can’t say who came up with such nicknames for them and why. These guys lived amicably among themselves. They matched it. The same intelligence, the same strength, the same height and years. And there was no big difference in life. Lank's father was a miner, Lake's was grieving on the golden sands, and mothers, as you know, toiled around the house. The guys had nothing to be proud of in front of each other.

Katya - Danilova's fiancée - remained unmarried. Two or three years have passed since Danilo got lost, and she has completely left the bride’s time. In twenty years, in our opinion, in the factory way, it is considered too old. Guys like this rarely match, widowers do it more often. Well, this Katya, apparently, was pretty, all the suitors are approaching her, but all she has to say is:

Danilo made a promise.

There have been many famous miners in our area. There were also such things that really learned people, the academicians called them professors and were seriously amazed at how subtly they knew the mountains, even though they were illiterate.

The matter, of course, is not simple - not picking a berry from a bush. It’s not for nothing that one of these was nicknamed the Heavy Knapsack. He carried a lot of stones on his back. And how much was similar, how much rock was reshaped and turned over - it’s impossible to count.

Our Field, they say, was installed by the treasury (with state funds. - Ed.) There were no factories in these places at that time. They fought. Well, the treasury is known. The soldiers were sent. The village of Mountain Shield was built on purpose so that the road would be safe. On Gumeshki, you see, at that time visible wealth lay on top, and they approached it. We got there, of course. They brought in people, they installed a plant, they brought in some Germans, but things didn’t work out. It didn't work and it didn't work. Either the Germans didn’t want to show it, or they didn’t know themselves - I can’t explain, but the Gumeshki turned out to be unattended to them. They took it from another mine, but it wasn’t worth the work at all. A completely useless little mine, skinny. You can’t build a good factory like this. That’s when our Polevaya ended up in Turchaninov’s hands.

Ural tales of Bazhov

Tales of Bazhov absorbed plot motifs, unusual images, colors, the language of national legends and folk wisdom. Pavel Petrovich Bazhov managed to give unusual characters (the Mistress of the Copper Mountain, the Great Snake, the Jumping Ognevushka) a bewitching poetry. Magic world, into which the old ones introduce us Ural tales of Bazhov They immersed ordinary Russian people, and with their real, earthly strength they defeated the conventions of fairy-tale magic. On our website you can see online list fairy tales by Bazhov, and absolutely enjoy reading them for free.

Danila and Katya, who rescued her fiancé from the Mistress of the Mountain, had a lot of children. Eight, listen, people, and all boys. Mother was more than once jealous of at least one girl for a glance. Read...

This happened shortly after the fifth year. Before the war with the Germans began. Read...

Our Field, they say, was installed by the treasury. There were no factories in these places at that time. They fought. Well, the treasury is known. The soldiers were sent. The village of Mountain Shield was built on purpose so that the road would be safe. On Gumeshki, you see, at that time visible wealth lay on top, and they approached it. We got there, of course. They brought in people, they installed a plant, they brought in some Germans, but things didn’t work out. It didn't work and it didn't work. Read...

There was a Field Clerk - Severyan Kondratyich. Oh, and fierce, oh, and fierce! The way the factories stand has never happened before. Of dogs, a dog. Beast. Read...

After Stepanova’s death, who obtained the malachite pillars, many people flocked to Krasnogorka. The hunt was for those pebbles that were in dead Stepanova saw in the hand. It was autumn, just before the snow. You'll have to try a lot here. And when the winter passed, they ran into that place again. Read...

This did not happen at our plant, but in the Sysert half. And not at all in ancient years. My old people were already running around in the factory in their undercarriages. Some on the ball, some on the bedding, and then in the mechanic shop, or in the forge. Well, you never know where the youngsters were driven into at the fortress. Read...

There was also such a case at the mine. In one face there was ore with a thin section. They'll cut off a piece, and you'll see there's some corner of it. Like a mirror it shines, anyone can look into it. Read...

In those years, there were no traces of Verkhny and Ilyinsky factories. Only our Polevaya and Sysert. Well, in the North they also rattled iron. Yes, just a little. Sysert lived the brightest of all. You see, she happened to be on the Cossack side of the road. People walked and passed here and there. We ourselves went to the pier near Revda with iron. You never know who you meet on the road, or what you hear. And there are many villages around. Read...

There was a man living in the factory alone. His name was Levontem. Such a diligent man, unrequited. From a young age he was kept in grief, in Gumeshki, that is. I mined copper. So he spent all his young years underground. Like a worm digging in the ground. I couldn’t see the light, I turned green all over. Well, it’s a well-known thing - the mountain. Dampness, darkness, heavy spirit. Read...

Those guys, the Levontievs, to whom Poloz showed his wealth, began to improve their lives. Even though their father died soon after, they live better and better every year. They built a hut for themselves. It’s not that the house is fancy, but it’s a decent little hut. They bought a little cow, got a horse, and started letting lambs up to three years old in the winter. My mother couldn’t be happier that she saw the light at least in her old age. Read...

Two of our factory workers went to look at the grass. And their mowing was far away. Somewhere behind Severushka. Read...

Nastasya, Stepanova’s widow, still has a malachite box. With every feminine device. There are rings, earrings and other things according to women's rites. Read...

The marble workers were not the only ones who were famous for their stone work. In our factories, too, they say, they had this skill. The only difference is that ours were more fond of malachite, as there was enough of it, and the grade is no higher. Read...

Katya, Danilov’s fiancée, remained unmarried. Two or three years have passed since Danilo got lost, and she has completely left the bride’s time. In twenty years, in our factory way, it is considered too old. Read...

In Diagon Brod, where the school stands, there was a vacant lot. The wasteland is large, in full view of everyone, but they are not too coveted. Highlands, you see. It’s a hassle to grow a vegetable garden here—there’s a lot of sweat, but it’s of little use.

Pavel Petrovich Bazhov, Russian Charles Pierrot, who, like a miner, collected gems of Ural folklore in order to later write a collection of tales of amazing magic, was born in the Urals on January twenty-seventh in 1879. His father, Pyotr Vasilyevich Bazhev (that’s how their surname was spelled then), worked in the town of Sysert, near Yekaterinburg, as a foreman in the puddling and welding shop at a mining (metallurgical) plant, and his mother was a famous needlewoman - she wove amazing lace, and, of course, I can say that her craft was a huge help for the whole family.

The family often moved from place to place, from one factory to another, and it was these childhood impressions of the future writer, being the most vivid, that became, in a way, the basis of his work. Unfortunately, the difficult financial situation of the family did not allow Pavel to study at the gymnasium, therefore it was decided that after three years of study at the zemstvo school, young Bazhov would go to continue his education at the theological school in the city of Yekaterinburg, since the tuition fee there was minimal. In addition, students of the religious school did not need to buy a uniform and pay rent, since the students’ housing was rented and paid for by the school itself.

When Pavel turned fourteen, he graduated from college and immediately became a student at the Perm Theological Seminary, where he studied for the next six years. In 1899, having graduated from the seminary, he decided not to continue his education, especially since his choice was small: he could either become a student at the Kyiv Theological Academy, or enter one of the three universities open to seminarians (Tomsk, Dorpat and Warsaw - all other universities did not accept students who graduated from theological seminaries).

Instead of studying, the young man chose to become a teacher, teaching Russian in the remote Ural village of Shaidurikha, mainly inhabited by Old Believers. At the same time, Bazhov traveled a lot around the Urals, collecting folklore, recording workers' tales. Then he worked at the Yekaterinburg Theological School, after which he taught at the diocesan women's school, where he met his future wife, who at that time was his student - Valentina Alexandrovna Ivannitskaya, with whom he married in 1911.

They had two daughters by the beginning, and then the Bazhovs moved to the city of Kamyshev, closer to his wife’s relatives, where Pavel Petrovich continued teaching activities. In total, seven children were born into their family.

Pavel Petrovich, deeply worried social inequality, reigning in society, accepted the October Revolution and participated in the civil war. In 1923, he moved to Yekaterinburg (then Sverdlovsk), and began collaborating with the proletarian editors of the Peasant Newspaper publication. He published his first book in 1924, then a collection was published, including more than forty stories devoted to the theme of factory (Ural) folklore. After the release of the Ural tale “The Maiden of Azovka” in 1936, Bazhov unexpectedly gained popularity as a writer.

In the terrible year of 1937, the writer was suddenly expelled from the party, but he managed to avoid the fate of many intelligent people of that time - he was never repressed. A year later he was reinstated in the Communist Party, and Pavel Petrovich devoted himself entirely to writing. The Ural writer published his famous collection “The Malachite Box” in 1939, which he supplemented with new tales in 1942. A year later he was awarded the State Prize for Ural tales.

It is with light hand Bazhov's folklore included tales that the writer processed so skillfully that they reflected to some extent not only ancient Ural legends, but also echoed the ideas of modernity, in other words, they suddenly turned out to be timeless. Pavel Petrovich Bazhov died in 1950, on the third of December. He was buried in Yekaterinburg.

Tales of Bazhov. BAZHOV, PAVEL PETROVICH (1879–1950), Russian writer, was the first to perform literary adaptations of Ural tales. The collection includes the most popular and beloved by children
Was born Bazhov P. P. January 15 (27), 1879 at the Sysertsky plant near Yekaterinburg in a family of hereditary mining masters. The family often moved from factory to factory, which allowed the future writer to get to know the life of the vast mountain district well and was reflected in his work - in particular, in the essays The Ural Were (1924). Bazhov studied at the Yekaterinburg Theological School (1889–1893), then at the Perm Theological Seminary (1893–1899), where tuition was much cheaper than in secular educational institutions.
Worked until 1917 school teacher in Yekaterinburg and Kamyshlov. Every year during summer holidays traveled around the Urals, collecting folklore. Bazhov wrote in his autobiography about how his life developed after the February and October revolutions: “From the beginning February Revolution went to work public organizations. From the beginning of open hostilities, he volunteered for the Red Army and took part in combat operations on the Ural Front. In September 1918 he was accepted into the ranks of the CPSU (b). He worked as a journalist in the divisional newspaper “Okopnaya Pravda”, in the Kamyshlov newspaper “Krasny Put”, and from 1923 in the Sverdlovsk “Peasant Newspaper”. Work with letters from peasant readers finally determined Bazhov’s passion for folklore. According to his later admission, many of the expressions he found in letters from readers of the Peasant Newspaper were used in his famous Ural tales. His first book, The Ural Were, was published in Sverdlovsk, where Bazhov depicted in detail both factory owners and “lordly armrests” clerks, as well as simple artisans. Bazhov sought to develop his own literary style, was looking for original forms of embodiment of his writing talent. He succeeded in this in the mid-1930s, when he began publishing his first tales. In 1939, Bazhov combined them into the book Malachite Box (USSR State Prize, 1943), which he subsequently supplemented with new works. Malachite gave the name to the book because, according to Bazhov, “the joy of the earth is collected” in this stone. Creating fairy tales became the main work of Bazhov’s life. In addition, he edited books and almanacs, including those on Ural local history, headed the Sverdlovsk Writers' Organization, and was the editor-in-chief and director of the Ural Book Publishing House. In Russian literature, the tradition of the tale literary form goes back to Gogol and Leskov. However, calling his works tales, Bazhov took into account not only literary tradition genre, implying the presence of a narrator, but also the existence of ancient oral traditions Ural miners, who in folklore were called “secret tales”. From these folklore works, Bazhov adopted one of the main signs of his tales: mixing fairy tale images(Snake and his daughters Zmeevka, Ognevushka-Poskakushka, Mistress of the Copper Mountain, etc.) and heroes written in a realistic vein (Danila the Master, Stepan, Tanyushka, etc.). Main topic Bazhov's tales - a simple man and his work, talent and skill. Communication with nature, with the secret foundations of life, is carried out through powerful representatives of the magical mountain world. One of the most bright images this kind is the Mistress of the Copper Mountain, whom Master Stepan meets from the tale The Malachite Box. The Mistress of the Copper Mountain helps the hero of the tale Stone Flower Danila to reveal his talent - and becomes disappointed in the master after he gives up trying to make the Stone Flower himself. The prophecy expressed about the Mistress in the tale of Prikazchikov Soles is coming true: “It is sorrow for the bad to meet her, and little joy for the good.” Bazhov owns the expression “zhivinka in action”, which became the title of the tale of the same name, written in 1943. One of his heroes, grandfather Nefed, explains why his student Timofey mastered the skill of a charcoal burner: “And because,” he says, “because you looked down, - on that means what is done; and when you looked at it from above - what should be done better, then the little creature caught you. You see, it’s there in every business, it runs ahead of skill and pulls a person along with it.” Bazhov paid tribute to the rules " socialist realism", in the conditions in which his talent developed. Lenin became the hero of several of his works. The image of the leader of the revolution acquired folklore features in the tales written during the Patriotic War: The Sun Stone, Bogatyrev's Mitten and the Eagle Feather. Shortly before his death, speaking to fellow countrymen writers, Bazhov said: “We, the Urals, living in such a region, which is some kind of Russian concentrate, is a treasury of accumulated experience, great traditions, we need to take this into account, this will strengthen our positions in the show modern man" Bazhov died in Moscow on December 3, 1950.

Pavel was born on January 15 (27), 1879 near Yekaterinburg in a working-class family. In Bazhov’s biography, his childhood years were spent in the small town of Polevsky, Sverdlovsk region. He studied at a factory school, where he was one of the best students in his class. After graduating from theological school in Yekaterinburg, he entered the Perm Theological Seminary. After completing his studies in 1899, he began working as a teacher of the Russian language.

It is worth briefly noting that Pavel Bazhov’s wife was his student Valentina Ivanitskaya. In their marriage they had four children.

The beginning of a creative journey

The first writing activity of Pavel Petrovich Bazhov occurred in the years Civil War. It was then that he began to work as a journalist, and later became interested in the stories of the Urals. However, the biography of Pavel Bazhov is better known as a folklorist.

The first book with Ural essays entitled “The Ural Were” was published in 1924. And the first tale of Pavel Petrovich Bazhov was published in 1936 (“The Azov Girl”). Basically, all the tales retold and recorded by the writer were folklore.

The writer's main work

The publication of Bazhov’s book “The Malachite Box” (1939) largely determined the writer’s fate. This book brought the writer world fame. Bazhov’s talent was most clearly demonstrated in the tales of this book, which he constantly updated. “The Malachite Box” is a collection of folklore stories for children and adults about life and everyday life in the Urals, about the beauty of the nature of the Ural land.

The Malachite Box contains a lot mythological characters, for example: Mistress of the Copper Mountain, Great Snake, Danila the Master, Grandma Sinyushka, Ognevushka the Jumper and others.

In 1943, thanks to this book, he received the Stalin Prize. And in 1944 he was awarded the Order of Lenin for his fruitful work.

Pavel Bazhov created many works, on the basis of which ballets, operas, plays, films and cartoons were made.

Death and legacy

The writer's life was cut short on December 3, 1950. The writer was buried in Sverdlovsk at the Ivanovo cemetery.

IN hometown writer, a museum is opened in the house where he lived. A folk festival in the Chelyabinsk region bears the name of the writer. annual bonus, awarded in Yekaterinburg. Commemorative monuments were erected to Pavel Bazhov in Sverdlovsk, Polevsky and other cities. Streets in many cities of the former USSR are also named after the writer.