There is one simple way for children to remember the planets of the Solar System. However, for adults too. It is very similar to how we remember the colors of the rainbow. All children love various counting rhymes, thanks to which information remains in memory for a long time.
D To remember the planets of the solar system, we suggest you teach the children a poem that you can compose yourself, or use the work of A. Hight:
All planets in order
Any of us can name:
Once - Mercury,
Two - Venus,
Three - Earth,
Four - Mars.
Five - Jupiter
Six - Saturn
Seven - Uranus,
Behind him is Neptune.
Think back to how you memorized the colors of the rainbow as a child. The same principle can be applied to the names of the planets. Construct a phrase in which each word begins with the same letter as a planet in the solar system in the order of its location from the Sun. For example:
We
Mercury
Let's meet
Venus
Tomorrow
Earth
My
Mars
Young
Jupiter
Companion
Saturn
Gonna fly Now
Uranus
Not for long
Neptune
This is just an example, in fact, you can come up with anything, as long as it is close to your child’s spirit, and he easily remembers the entire sentence. Now that we have figured out exactly how to present any information to children, we can move on to the direct knowledge that you will teach your young astronomers.
Finally, an interesting and simple story for children about what the solar system is.
The solar system is all the cosmic bodies that revolve around the Sun according to their clearly defined trajectories. These include 8 planets and their satellites (their composition is constantly changing, as some objects are discovered, others lose their status), many comets, asteroids and meteorites.
History of the origin of planets
There is no definite opinion on this matter, there are only theories and guesses. According to the most common opinion, about 5 billion years ago one of the clouds of the Galaxy began to shrink towards the center and formed our Sun. The formed body had enormous strength attraction, and all the particles of gas and dust around began to connect and stick together into balls (these are the current planets).
The sun is not a planet, but a star. The source of energy and life on Earth.
The sun as a star and the center of the solar system
The planets revolve in their orbits around a huge star called the Sun. The planets themselves do not emit any heat, and if it were not for the light of the Sun that they reflect, then life on Earth would never have arisen. Exists specific classification stars, according to which the Sun is a yellow dwarf, approximately 5 billion years old.
Satellites of the planets
The solar system does not consist only of planets; it also includes natural satellites, including the well-known Moon. In addition to Venus and Mercury, each planet has a certain number of satellites, today there are more than 63. New celestial bodies are constantly being discovered thanks to photographs taken by automatic spacecraft. They are capable of detecting even the smallest satellite with a diameter of only 10 km (Leda, Jupiter).
Characteristics of each planet in the solar system
Mercury's orbit procession
1. Mercury. This planet is closest to the Sun; in the entire system it is considered the smallest. Mercury has a hard surface, like all four inner planets (those closest to the center). It has the highest rotation speed. During the day, the planet practically burns under the sun's rays (+350˚), and freezes at night (-170˚).
2. Venus. This planet is more similar to Earth than others in its size, composition and brightness. But the conditions are very different. The atmosphere of Venus consists of carbon dioxide. There are always a lot of clouds around it, which makes observation difficult. The entire surface of Venus is a hot rocky desert.
3. Earth- the only planet on which there is oxygen, water, and therefore life. It has an ideal location in relation to the Sun: close enough to receive light and heat in the right quantities, and far enough not to be burned by the rays. It has an ozone layer that protects all living things from radiation. The planet is home to millions of species of living beings , including humans.
Comparison of the Earth with other planets of the solar system
The Earth has one satellite - the Moon.
4. Mars. Some scientists have suggested that life also exists on this planet because it has a number of similarities with Earth. But numerous studies have found no signs of life there. At the moment, two natural satellites of Mars are known: Phobos and Deimos.
5. Jupiter- the largest planet in the solar system, 10 times larger than Earth in diameter and 300 times larger in mass. Jupiter consists of hydrogen, helium and other gases and has 16 satellites.
6. Saturn- the most interesting planet for children, as it has rings that are formed from dust, stones and ice. There are three main rings around Saturn, each about 30 meters thick.
7. Uranium. This planet also has rings, but they are much more difficult to see and they only appear at certain times. The main feature of Uranus is its manner of rotation, performed in the “lying on its side” mode.
8. Neptune. Astronomy today calls this planet the last in the solar system. Neptune was discovered only in 1989, since it is located very far from the Sun. Its surface looks blue from space, which cannot but amaze us.
Until 2006, there were 9 planets, including Pluto. But according to the latest scientific data, this space object is no longer called a planet. It’s a pity... Although, it has become easier for children to remember.
Tyts astronomy for schoolchildren
What unites many people living now, those who lived before and future generations? All of them existed or exist on our planet called “Earth”. Earth is one of several planets on our solar system. Huge bright Star The sun is in the middle of this system. And around the Sun the planets move in their orbits. Some of them are far from the Sun, others are very close to it. And our planet Earth is located just at such a distance that it has conditions favorable for living beings. On Earth there are continents (land) and bodies of water (seas and oceans). Here we present to your attention a drawing of the Earth, made in stages.
Stage 1. Our drawing will represent the Earth as it looks on geographical map or on the globe. To begin with, we draw evenly with a compass or circle some round object. This is a circle. On the circle we draw slightly rounded lines horizontally. These lines are called parallels. One middle parallel is the equator line, dividing the Earth into the northern and southern hemispheres. We have drawn eight such parallels.
Stage 2. Then you need to draw lines vertically. They are called meridians. At the top of the circle they converge at a point - this is the North Pole of the Earth. And below they also converge at one point - this is the South Pole of the Earth. We draw a flat middle meridian from the North Pole to the South Pole and three more meridians on each side. We outline the globe and show the continent of Antarctica below and the Arctic above (we outline their contours with bold lines).
Stage 3. Refine the contours. Then we show the outlines of the continents of Eurasia and Africa (on the right).
Stage 4. On the left we draw the continents of Northern and South America, connected to each other. Next we mark smaller islands in the oceans.
Stage 5. Let's draw the lines of the drawing well. And the globe itself, and its parts, so that it is clear and understandable. Then we color the picture. Seas and oceans are highlighted in bright blue. And we will show the continents in bluish color. All contours and lines are black. This is our Earth in a simplified form.
In order to draw the solar system, you must first know and study the solar system well, and then take blank white paper, colored pencils, original picture solar system (like a still life) and start with the outline of the planets and the sun, rearrange the planets correctly and then paint them. There are already very good graphic pictures above, so I have attached only pictures from which you can start drawing, following my instructions.
If you need a drawing with all the planets around the sun, then user Txajan showed exactly how to draw the solar system. I want to suggest how to draw the solar system from another review.
Very often at school they are given the task of drawing the solar system. For this purpose we will need colored pencils and a sheet of paper.
First of all, we draw the Sun.
Then we proceed to the very first planet Mercury. It is a small ball of gray-brown color.
Behind Mercury is the green-blue Earth with the gray dot of the Moon.
Then we draw red Mars. It is larger than Mercury, but smaller than Earth.
The gray shadow behind Mars symbolizes the asteroid Belt.
Next comes the striped orange and white Jupiter.
Then we draw yellow Saturn.
And behind it is the blue-blue planet Uranus.
Well, the last planet is tiny brown Pluto.
In order to draw our solar system using pencils step by step, we will need the following items.
To begin with, we need - Pencils (multi-colored), White paper and most importantly - Photo - diagram.
Below I have attached a photo diagram for your convenience. draw our solar system.
First you need to draw the orbits of the planets (as in the diagram.)
Then we start drawing general form planets of the solar system.
At the beginning you need draw the sun.
After this you need draw Planet Mercury.
Then you need draw the planet Venus.
Then we begin draw the planet Mars.
After Mars you need draw the planet Jupiter.
After you drew the planet Jupiter, start draw the planet Saturn.
After Saturn draw the planet Uranus.
After you have drawn the planets, start drawing comets and asteroids (as in the diagram).
So we continue, as in the diagram.
At the end we start painting as in the diagram below and get something like this beautiful picture solar system.
Draw the solar system There are different ways to attend a physics lesson.
The main principle of drawing the solar system is that it is necessary to show the sun in the center of the system, and the planets that revolve around the sun in their orbits.
In the solar system, Mercury is closest to the sun, followed by the planet Venus, then our planet Earth, then Mars, after Mars Jupiter, then Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.
You can draw the orbits of the planets of the solar system by simply placing circles around a circle-sun or by drawing them in the form of ellipses.
The planets themselves are drawn in the form of circles; it is advisable to keep the size of the circles in accordance with the size of the planets, showing their approximate sizes in relation to each other.
Drawing of the solar system You can simply draw it with a pen or felt-tip pen, or you can color it. making the background dark.
The solar system is the Sun and other space objects that revolve around this star.
Drawing the solar system is not that difficult. You just need to know the placement of certain objects/planets, their order and name.
We draw the solar system with a pencil like this:
Drawing the solar system with a pencil is not that difficult. To do this, you need to designate the center of the system - the sun. You can draw big circle and tongues of flame from it. Then we draw a circle and a circle with the planet Mercury on it. We draw another circle and the next planet on it. This is how we depict all the planets of the solar system.
All the drawings are relatively easy, so everyone can copy them.
The most important and main tool - an assistant in drawing our Solar System - is a compass! Or, as a last resort, an mp3 disc. It will help you draw both the Sun and all the planetary orbits.
We start, perhaps, with the largest circle (this is our Sun), draw lines of orbits, draw the planets with a compass, and depict the stars as many points.
I propose to draw the Solar System with a pencil step by step as follows:
Drawing steps:
1) We start drawing with an image of the sun and nine lines around which we will place the planets;
2) We begin to draw planets in circles;
3) We draw Saturn with a circle around meteorites;
4) We finish drawing Plato;
5) We shade the planets with a pencil.
In this lesson you will learn how to draw space and planet .
Step 1.
First we will draw a starry sky. Create a new document and fill it with black. I set the size of the new document to 1600x1200 so that it could later be used as desktop wallpaper. Duplicate this layer (Ctrl+ J) . Next, apply a noise filter to the new layer. Filter - Noise - Add Noise(Filter - Noise - Add Noise). Set the amount of noise to 10%, Gaussian distribution and check the box for Monochrome.
Step 2.
Next we go to the menu item Image > Adjustments > Brightness & Contrast(Image> Corrections> Brightness/Contrast) and set Brightness 30 and Contrast 75 . Now the noise looks more like stars.
Step 3.
Now let's add larger stars. Duplicate the previous layer with stars (Ctrl+ J) and change the brightness and contrast for it Image > Adjustments > Brightness & Contrast(Image> Corrections> Brightness/Contrast) set Brightness 100 a Contrast 50
Step 4
Click (Ctrl+T) and make the big stars layer about twice as big. Hold Shift to transform the layer proportionally. Click (Ctrl+L) to bring up the Levels window. Set the parameters as shown in the picture to increase the contrast. (In my case I had to set the parameters opposite to those of the author 0 , 1.00 , 20)
Step 5
Set the layer's blending mode to Screen. To avoid the echo effect (overlay effect), press Ctrl+T and rotate the layer 90 degrees (while holding down the key Shift while rotating the layer, the layer will rotate in 15 degree increments). Use this technique when rotating.
Step 6
Take a soft rubber band with a diameter of approximately 20-30 px and start erasing our stars on both layers. Try to create various shapes in all directions to make our stars look more natural. Also remember that there should be more black space than star space and more small stars than large ones.
Step 7
Try creating some star areas using the tool Clone Stamp(Stamp) using a soft-edged brush. You have to decide for yourself where to place clouds with stars and where to leave empty space. Use your imagination and you will succeed.
Step 8
Let's add a glow to the stars. Duplicate the layer with the big stars. Apply filter Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur(Filter - Blur - Gaussian Blur) with a radius of approximately 10 px and change the color blend mode to Linear Dodge(Linear Dodge). Press Ctrl+U and colorize the glow of the stars (I set Hue ( color tone) at 230). Repeat this step several times to make the starlight more expressive.
Step 9
Now let's create the remaining details of our space landscape: huge stars, stardust and colorful nebula. Create a new layer and set the layer's blending mode Linear Dodge(Linear Dodge) and fill it with black. Further Filter - Render - Lens Flare ( Filter - Rendering - Highlight ) . The type of lens I used was 35mm. Create a couple more large stars in this way by changing the location of the center of the highlight and the brightness of the highlight. Use different colors for each of the stars, this will give some variety big picture(most easy way to do this - press Ctrl+U and change Hue ( Color tone)).
Step 10
Create a new layer to create the stardust. Install opacity(layer opacity) to 25% and change the layer blending mode to Screen(Lightening). Select any brush with soft edges and set it up as in the picture. I used a texture for the brush Confetti, this is one of the standard Photoshop textures. Now that we have set up our brush, let's paint our stardust in blue. (#ced0f1).
Step 11
Now let's create a multi-colored nebula. Create a new layer, take a soft round brush and paint a cloud like mine. It's quite easy: first draw blue base, then the red area, and finally yellow and white. Apply a filter to the nebula layer Filter - Blur - Gaussian blur(Filter - Blur - Gaussian Blur) with a radius of 50 px.
Step 12
Now let's give our nebula the shape of clouds. To do this, create a new black layer and apply a filter to the layer Filter - Render - Clouds ( Filter - Rendering - Clouds). Change the layer's blending mode to Overlay(Overlap). After that, duplicate the clouds layer (Ctrl+ J) .
Step 13
Select the nebula layer and change it opacity(layer opacity) to 55%, and layer blend mode to Screen(Lightening). Find best place for your nebula and move it there.
Step 14
Well, we have finished drawing the starry sky. Now let's create a planet. Find a stone texture for your future planet. I used this one from SXC. http://www.sxc.hu/photo/1011795
You can also use your texture.
Step 15
Open the texture image. Let's change the canvas size to give the texture a square shape. Image- Canvas size ( Image - Canvas Size ) . Set the height and width to the same values. Use the tool Clone Stamp(Stamp) to fill the empty spaces with texture. Also remove any dark spots with the same tool. Further Edit - Define Pattern(Editing - Define pattern). Save the pattern under any name you like. After this, you can close the image with the texture.
Step 16
Create a new document (Ctrl+
N)
size 1600x1600 pixels. Fill it with black. Using the tool Elliptical Marquee Tool (“Oval area” selection )
create a selection in the form of a circle. To make the circle even and fit into the square, press Shift +
Ctrl and without releasing these keys from approximately the center of the square, begin to draw a selection. After you draw the selection, fill it with the pattern that we created in the previous step. Image -
Fill- Contents: Pattern
(Editing - Fill - Use: “Pattern”). And select the pattern that we created for the fill.
Step 17
Without removing the selection, apply the filter Filter - Distort - Spherize ( Filter - Distortion - Spherization ) Amount 100% ( Degree 100%). Click Ctrl + F to repeat the last applied filter.
Step 18
Duplicate the planet layer (Ctrl + J) and fill the circle with a light blue color (#455571). This will be the atmosphere of the planet. You can use any other color for this.
Step 19
Duplicate this layer and fill it with black. This will be the shadow of the planet. Now select the atmosphere layer and double click on it to bring up the Layer Style window. Apply the following layer styles to the atmosphere layer:
Step 20
Move the shadow layer above the atmosphere layer ( Ctrl +] -
layer up )
(Ctrl +[ -
layer down )
. Apply a filter to the shadow layer Gaussian blur
(Filter - Blur - Gaussian Blur) Gaussian Blur (Filter - Blur - Gaussian Blur) with a radius of 75 px.
Step 21
Press Ctrl+T and transform the shadow: increase its size and move it a little to the upper left corner. I chose this shadow position because I'm going to place the planet in the top left corner of the painting, and the light is coming from the largest star, which is in the center.
Step 22
Select the atmosphere layer and set the layer blending mode Screen(Lightening), so we will see the surface of the planet. I don't like the brightness and contrast of the planet, so I reduced opacity ( layer opacity ) up to 33%. After that I duplicated the planet surface layer and set the layer blending mode to Soft Light(Soft light). Also I changed opacity shadow layer by 90%.
Step 23
Now we need to copy our planet onto the starry sky. For this
turn off background(background) by clicking on the eye icon
responsible for the visibility of layers. Shift+Ctrl+E to merge visible layers. Now copy the planet to the file from starry sky and place it in the corner of the document. Finally I added a glow to the planet.
Conclusion
That's all!
Good luck and patience in creating your own space landscapes.
We will study how to draw planets with a pencil. But first, a few educational facts. Maybe they will come in handy in astronomy lessons:
- Our solar system is a “star called the Sun” and an assortment of objects revolving around it.
- We have VTsIOM. Study and study public opinion. And this is what they researched: they found out that a third of Russians believe that the Sun revolves around the Earth. No comments =) I hope there are no such people among you?
- The Sun appeared 4.6 billion years ago. At least that's what it seems. You understand that there are no witnesses left.
- The sun warms you and me for a reason. The temperature of the prominence, which is like a mini outgrowth of a star, is 6000 Kelvin. And inside the star is heated up to 13,500,000 Kelvin. It’s hard to even imagine, and there’s nothing to compare it with. - Brain explosion!
- Planets in their sequence from the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. We live on the third planet from the Sun. Congratulations!
- There is another large object in the solar system. Pluto. If you ask your parents, they will unanimously say that this is another planet. And they will be partly right. Since its discovery in 1930, Pluto has indeed been considered a planet, but since 2006, the definition of “what is a planet” has been adopted. And Pluto didn't fit into it. So now we have a double dwarf planet Pluto-Charon.
Astronomy demo lesson is over, let's try it now draw the planets of the solar system with a pencil.
How to draw the planets of the solar system with a pencil
Step one. Drawing the orbits of the planets. Their shape is an ellipse, close to a circle. But, if we look from one point, then visually we see not circles, but arcs, parts of ellipses. Such as in the picture. On the lines we outline the positions of the planets. 
Step two. We draw circles - planets. We start with small Mercury, then larger Venus and Earth, again a small circle is Mars and further, as in the picture. In the lower left corner we will show the edge of the Sun. 
Step three. Let's erase the auxiliary lines - the axes of the circles. Let's make the orbits brighter. 
Step four. Let's add others celestial bodies: comets, asteroids. Let's draw “rings” to the large planets. 
Step five. Let's do the shading. With its help we must turn our circles into a sphere. We remember that we have the Sun in the center, and light falls from its side. But the opposite side of the planet will be darkened. The result should be something like this: 
I recommend other interesting lessons with similar topics.