Saltykov-Shchedrin's fairy tales, intended for adults, introduce the peculiarities of Russian society better than historical works. The story of the wild landowner is similar to an ordinary fairy tale, but it combines reality with fiction. The landowner, who becomes the hero of the story, often reads the actually existing reactionary newspaper “Vest”.
Left alone, the landowner at first rejoices that his wish has come true. Later comes the realization of one's own stupidity. The swaggering guests do not hesitate to tell him about his stupidity, realizing that the landowner has only candy left from the treats. This is also the official opinion of the police officer who collects taxes, who understands the inseparability of peasant taxes from the stability of the state.
But the landowner does not heed the voice of reason and does not listen to other people's advice. He remains strong-willed and dreams of fantastic foreign cars designed to replace men. A naive dreamer does not realize that in reality he is not able to wash himself. He is completely helpless because he doesn’t know how to do anything.
The fairy tale ends sadly: the stubborn man grows fur, gets on all fours and begins to throw himself at people. It turned out that the gentleman, noble on the outside, had the essence of a simple creature. He remained human as long as he was served food on a plate and dressed in clean clothes.
The higher authorities decided to return the peasants to the estate so that they would work, pay taxes to the treasury and produce food for their owners.
But the landowner remained wild forever. He was caught and cleaned, but he still gravitates towards forest life and does not like to wash himself. This is the hero: a ruler in the serf world, but under the care of a simple peasant, Senka.
The author laughs at morals Russian society. He sympathizes with the peasants and accuses them of being too patient and submissive. At the same time, the writer demonstrates the powerlessness of landowners who cannot live without servants. The tales of Saltykov-Shchedrin call for respect for the people, which is the basis that supports the well-being of such landowners.
Option 2
Saltykov-Shchedrin wrote his famous work, which was called " Wild landowner", in 1869. There he examines quite topical issues that are relevant both at that time and now. For him, the genre of fairy tales is central, which he writes far from being for children. The author juxtaposes the tragic with the comic in his work, using techniques such as grotesque and hyperbole, as well as Aesopian language. Thus, he ridicules autocracy and serfdom, which still exist in the country.
At the center of events is an ordinary landowner who takes special pride in the fact that noble blood flows in his veins. His goal is simply to pamper the body, relax and be yourself. He is actually resting and he can afford such a lifestyle only thanks to the men, whom he treats very cruelly; he cannot even stand the spirit of ordinary men.
And so the landowner’s desire is fulfilled, and he is left alone, while God fulfilled not the desire of the landowner, but the desire of the peasants, who are completely exhausted from constant control and supervision.
Thus, Shchedrin ridicules the fate of the Russian people, which is quite difficult. Only after a while does the hero realize that he has committed real stupidity.
And in the end, the landowner has completely gone wild, inside the supreme being of man, the most ordinary animal is hidden, which lives only to fulfill its desires.
The hero has been restored to serf society, and a simple Russian peasant named Senka will take care of him.
The fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” is one of the brilliant works of a writer working in the genre of satire. He has to ridicule the socio-political system, he has to expose the existing morals and types of society, in which there is a rather strange morality that is not subject to comprehension. It shows how helpless landowners are, who are constantly looked after by simple serfs. All this is ridiculed by the author, who is forced to live in such a society; it is difficult for him to cope with the existing situation, so he tries to show its absurdity and condemn what is happening in society.
Analysis of the Wild Landowner
One of best works Saltykova-Shchedrin was published in 1869 and it is called the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner”. This work can be classified as satire. Why a fairy tale? The author chose this genre for a reason; in this way he bypassed censorship. The heroes of the work have no names. A kind of hint from the author that the landowner is a composite image and corresponds to many landowners in Rus' in the 19th century. Well, take the rest of the heroes, men and Senka, these are peasants. The author raises very interesting topic. The main thing for the author is that the peasant, honest and hardworking people are always higher in everything than the nobles.
Thanks to the fairy tale genre, the author's work is very simple and full of irony and various artistic details. With the help of details, the author can very clearly convey the images of the characters. For example, he calls the landowner stupid and soft-bodied. Who knew no grief and enjoyed life.
The main problem of this work is Difficult life common people. In the author’s fairy tale, the landowner appears as a soulless and cruel monster; all he does is humiliate the poor peasants and try to take away even the last thing from them. The peasants prayed, there was nothing else they could do, they, as people, wanted a normal life. The landowner wanted to get rid of them and in the end, God fulfilled the desire of the peasants to live better and the desire of the landowner to get rid of the peasants. After this, it becomes clear that the entire luxurious life of the landowner is provided by the peasants. With the disappearance of the “slaves”, life changed, now the landowner became like an animal. He changed in appearance, became scarier, overgrown, and stopped eating normally. The men disappeared and life changed from bright colors to gray and dull ones. Even spending time as before, in entertainment, the landowner feels that it’s still not the same. The author reveals the real meaning of the work, which relates to real life. The boyars and landowners oppress the peasants and do not consider them as people. But, in the absence of "slaves" they cannot live normal life, because it is the peasants and workers who provide all the good for them personally and for the country. And the upper strata of society bring nothing more than problems and misfortunes.
Men in this work, namely the peasants are honest people, open and loving to work. With the help of their labor, the landowner lived happily ever after. By the way, the author shows the peasants not just as one thoughtless crowd, but as smart and insightful people. In this work, justice is very important for the peasants. They considered this attitude towards themselves unfair and therefore asked God for help.
Saltykov-Shchedrin himself has great respect for the peasants, which he shows in the work. This can be seen, very clearly, when the landowner disappeared and lived without peasants and at the time when he returned. As a result, it turns out that the author leads the reader to one true opinion. It is not high-ranking officials, not officials who decide the fate of the country and each of the landowners, but the peasants. All the well-being and all the benefits of rich people rest on them. That's what it is main idea works.
One of the main characters of the work is Countess Anna Fedotovna Tomskaya, who is presented by the author as an eighty-year-old old woman
E.M. Remarque went down in history with his works on war-related themes. To be precise, thanks to works about the First World War.
The image of the pilot Alexei Meresyev has many positive personal qualities of the hero. Of course, a strong trait of his character is his persistence in achieving his goals.
Main idea
The fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” by M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin is a caustic satire on the ruling class. All the action described in it takes place as if within the framework of one estate, but in fact, it extends far beyond the boundaries of the entire province. The author began writing such “fairy tales” in his final period of creativity.
In them, he confidently raised topics of concern to the society of the second half of the 19th century century.
The main problem of all his “fairy tales” is the relationship between the exploited and the exploiters.
Likewise, the story of the “Wild Landowner” was intended to ridicule the social system based on the exploitation of the peasants. The author begins his work as an ordinary fairy tale with the words: “In a certain kingdom, in a certain state, once upon a time there lived...” This technique of using traditional fairy-tale terms is manifested in almost all of his fairy tales.
From the first lines it becomes clear that we are talking about a stupid and lazy person. The landowner Saltykov-Shchedrin was so ungrateful that he regarded the work of his peasants as something philistine. It seemed to him that the “men” were nothing but worries.
They eat a lot, waste a lot of water, burn a lot of candles, litter the land. In a word, main character was completely dissatisfied with the “chaff spirit.”
As soon as he got rid of them, it became easier for him to breathe and live freely.
But here’s the problem: without the peasants, there was no farm. There was no one to take care of the fertile lands, livestock and garden. He himself also gradually degraded, eating only candies and gingerbread.
He stopped washing and combing his hair, began to grow hair, walk on all fours, and eventually became wild. According to the author, it was thanks to the people that landowners like him had moral and material benefits. With the disappearance of the people, he lost these benefits.
It is not without reason that the author came up with such a name for his “landowner” - Prince Urus-Kuchum-Kildibaev. This is a true nobleman who is proud of his roots and hates ordinary men. Without a “servile spirit” the air seems pure and pure to him.
However, with the disappearance of the peasants, the food on the market also disappears, and therefore he has to go hunting in the forest himself. The landowner is not accustomed to such work. All his life he did nothing but lie on his estate and play grand solitaire.
In fact, by describing all these details, Saltykov-Shchedrin gradually reveals the main goal of his tale. He condemns not only the landowner for his idle lifestyle, but also the long-suffering of the peasants, their slavish worldview. By returning the “men” to their homes, the author expresses faith in the triumph of freedom.
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Essay on the topic: The main idea in the fairy tale The Wild Landowner, Saltykov-Shchedrin
A brief analysis of Saltykov-Shchedrin’s fairy tale “The Wild Landowner”: idea, problems, themes, image of the people
The fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” was published by M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin in 1869. This work is a satire on the Russian landowner and the ordinary Russian people. In order to bypass censorship, the writer chose a specific genre, “fairy tale,” within which a deliberate fable is described. In the work, the author does not give his characters names, as if hinting that the landowner is collective image all landowners in Rus' in the 19th century. And Senka and the rest of the men are typical representatives of the peasant class. The theme of the work is simple: the superiority of the hardworking and patient people over the mediocre and stupid nobles, expressed in an allegorical manner.
Problems, features and meaning of the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner”
Saltykov-Shchedrin's tales are always distinguished by simplicity, irony and artistic details, using which the author can absolutely accurately convey the character of the character “And that stupid landowner was reading the newspaper “Vest” and his body was soft, white and crumbly,” “he lived and looked at the light and rejoiced.”
The main problem in the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” is the problem difficult fate people. The landowner in the work appears as a cruel and ruthless tyrant who intends to take away the last thing from his peasants. But after hearing the prayers of the peasants for better life and the landowner's desire to get rid of them forever, God grants their prayers. They stop bothering the landowner, and the “men” get rid of oppression. The author shows that in the world of the landowner, the peasants were the creators of all goods. When they disappeared, he himself turned into an animal, grew overgrown, and stopped eating normal food, since all the food disappeared from the market. With the disappearance of the men, a bright, rich life went away, the world became uninteresting, dull, tasteless. Even the entertainment that previously brought pleasure to the landowner - playing pulque or watching a play in the theater - no longer seemed so tempting. The world is empty without the peasantry. Thus, in the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” the meaning is quite real: the upper strata of society oppress and trample the lower ones, but at the same time cannot remain at their illusory heights without them, since it is the “slaves” who provide for the country, but their master is nothing but problems, we are unable to provide.
The image of the people in the works of Saltykov-Shchedrin
The people in the work of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin are hardworking people in whose hands any business “argues.” It was thanks to them that the landowner always lived in abundance. The people appear before us not just as a weak-willed and reckless mass, but as smart and insightful people: “The men see: although their landowner is stupid, he has been given a great mind.” Peasants are also endowed with such an important quality as a sense of justice. They refused to live under the yoke of a landowner who imposed unfair and sometimes insane restrictions on them, and asked God for help.
The author himself treats the people with respect. This can be seen in the contrast between how the landowner lived after the disappearance of the peasantry and during his return: “And suddenly again there was a smell of chaff and sheepskins in that district; but at the same time, flour, meat, and all kinds of livestock appeared at the market, and so many taxes arrived in one day that the treasurer, seeing such a pile of money, just clasped his hands in surprise...”, it can be argued that the people are driving force society, the foundation on which the existence of such “landowners” is based, and they, of course, owe their well-being to the simple Russian peasant. This is the meaning of the ending of the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner”.
Interesting? Save it on your wall!Composition
A special place in the work of Saltykov-Shchedrin is occupied by fairy tales with their allegorical images, in which the author was able to say more about Russian society of the sixties, eighties, and tens of the nineteenth century than the historians of those years. Chernyshevsky argued: “None of the writers preceding Shchedrin painted pictures of our life in darker colors. No one punished our own ulcers with greater mercilessness.”
Saltykov-Shchedrin writes "fairy tales" for children of considerable age", that is, for an adult reader who needs to open his eyes to life. The fairy tale, due to the simplicity of its form, is accessible to anyone, even an inexperienced reader, and therefore is especially dangerous for the “top.” It was not for nothing that the censor Lebedev reported: “Mr. S.’s intention to publish some of his fairy tales in separate brochures are more than strange. What Mr. S. calls fairy tales does not at all correspond to its name; his fairy tales are the same satire, and the satire is caustic, tendentious, more or less directed against our social and political structure.”
The main problem of fairy tales is the relationship between exploiters and exploited. The fairy tales provide satire on Tsarist Russia: on bureaucrats, on bureaucrats, on landowners. The reader is presented with images of the rulers of Russia (“Bear in the Voivodeship”, “Eagle Patron”), exploiters and exploited (“Wild Landowner”, “How One Man Fed Two Generals”), ordinary people (“ The wise minnow", "Dried roach" and others).
The fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" is directed against everything social order, based on exploitation, and anti-people in its essence. Preserving the spirit and style of a folk tale, the satirist talks about real events in contemporary life. Although the action takes place in “a certain kingdom, a certain state,” the pages of the fairy tale depict a very specific image of a Russian landowner. The whole meaning of his existence comes down to “pampering his white, loose, crumbly body.” He lives off
his men, but hates them, is afraid, cannot stand their “servile spirit.” He considers himself a true representative of the Russian state, its support, and is proud that he is a hereditary Russian nobleman, Prince Urus-Kuchum-Kildibaev. He rejoices when some chaff whirlwind carried away all the men to God knows where, and the air in his domain became pure and pure. But the men disappeared, and there was such a famine that in the city “... you can’t buy a piece of meat or a pound of bread at the market.” And the landowner himself went completely wild: “He was all overgrown with hair, from head to toe... and his legs became like iron. He stopped blowing his nose a long time ago, and walked more and more on all fours. He even lost the ability to utter articulate sounds...” ". In order not to die of hunger, when the last gingerbread was eaten, the Russian nobleman began to hunt: if he spots a hare, “like an arrow will jump from a tree, grab onto its prey, tear it apart with its nails, and eat it with all the insides, even the skin.”
The landowner's savagery indicates that he cannot live without the help of the "peasant". After all, it was not for nothing that as soon as the “swarm of men” was caught and put in place, “the smell of chaff and sheepskin began to smell in that district; flour and meat and all kinds of livestock appeared at the market, and so many taxes arrived in one day that the treasurer, seeing such a pile of money , just clasped his hands in surprise..."
If we compare the well-known folk tales about the master and the peasant with the tales of Saltykov-Shchedrin, for example, with “The Wild Landowner,” we will see that the image of the landowner in Shchedrin’s tales is very close to folk tales. But Shchedrin’s men are different from those in fairy tales. In folk tales, a quick-witted, dexterous, resourceful man defeats a stupid master. And in “The Wild Landowner” a collective image of workers, breadwinners of the country and at the same time martyrs-sufferers appears, their “tearful orphan’s prayer” sounds: “Lord, it is easier for us to perish with small children than to suffer like this all our lives!” So, modifying folk tale, the writer condemns the long-suffering of the people, and his fairy tales sound like a call to rise up to fight, to renounce the slave worldview.
Many of Saltykov-Shchedrin’s tales are dedicated to exposing philistinism. One of the most poignant is “The Wise Minnow.” Gudgeon was "moderate and liberal." Dad taught him the “wisdom of life”: not to interfere in anything, take care of yourself. Now he sits all his life in his hole and trembles, lest he get hit in the ear or end up in the mouth of a pike. He lived like this for more than a hundred years and trembled all the time, and when the time came to die, he trembled even as he died. And it turned out that he had not done anything good in his life, and no one remembers or knows him.
The political orientation of Saltykov-Shchedrin’s satire required new artistic forms. To get around censorship obstacles, the satirist had to turn to allegories, allusions, and “Aesopian language.” Thus, in the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner,” telling about events “in a certain kingdom, in a certain state,” the author calls the newspaper “Vest”, mentions the actor Sadovsky, and the reader immediately recognizes Russia mid-19th century century. And in “The Wise Minnow” the image of a small, pathetic fish, helpless and cowardly, is depicted. It perfectly characterizes the trembling man in the street. Shchedrin attributes human properties to fish and at the same time shows that humans can also have “fish” traits. The meaning of this allegory is revealed in the words of the author: “Those who think that only those minnows can be considered worthy citizens who, mad with fear, sit in a hole and tremble, believe incorrectly. No, these are not citizens, but at least useless minnows.” .
Until the end of his life, Saltykov-Shchedrin remained faithful to the ideas of his spiritual friends: Chernyshevsky, Dobrolyubov, Nekrasov. The significance of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin’s work is all the greater because during the years of severe reaction he almost alone continued the progressive ideological traditions of the sixties.
Saltykov-Shchedrin M., fairy tale "Wild Landowner"
Genre: satirical tale
The main characters of the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" and their characteristics
- Wild landowner. Stupid, stubborn, stubborn, narrow-minded, tyrant
- Guys. Simple, unprepossessing, hard-working
- Police captain. Faithful servant.
- Four generals. They love to play cards and drink.
- Actor Sadovsky. Man of sense.
- Rich landowner.
- The landowner's prayer to God
- Fines
- Men's prayers
- Chaff Whirlwind
- Clean and fresh
- Actor Sadovsky
- Four Generals
- Landowner's dreams
- Police Captain
- The savagery of the landowner
- Friendship with a bear
- Management's decision
- Swarm of men
- General prosperity.
- The landowner lived in prosperity and contentment, but did not want to see the men and imposed fines on them
- The men prayed to God and were carried away with a chaff whirlwind.
- The landowner's guests called him stupid, but the landowner only dreamed and stubbornly stood his ground.
- The landowner began to run wild, grew taller and became very strong, and made friends with the bear
- The bosses ordered the man to be returned and the landowner to be reprimanded
- They caught a swarm of men, caught the landowner and prosperity came.
There is no life in the state without a man.
What does the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" teach?
The fairy tale teaches you not to follow the example of stupid newspaper articles, but to think with your own head. Teaches you to respect other people's work. Teaches that work is honorable, and idleness and laziness are harmful. Teaches you not to be stubborn, teaches you to listen to other people's opinions. Teaches you to have your head on your shoulders. Teaches you not to be selfish. Teaches that labor made the monkey a man.
Review of the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner"
I really like this beautiful fairy tale. Its main character is not just a wild, but a very stupid landowner who believed that everything around him appears by itself. He despised the peasant, but left alone he could not feed himself, could not take care of himself, became a savage, turned into an animal. He was too stubborn to admit his mistakes. But strangely enough, wild life the landowner was quite satisfied. But this state of affairs did not suit the state, which also could not exist without men.
Proverbs for the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner"
A person who doesn’t know anyone is completely stupid.
Stupidity is not a vice, but a misfortune.
The man works crying, but collects bread galloping.
Men's calluses and bars live well.
Teach a fool that the dead can be healed.
Read summary, brief retelling fairy tales "The Wild Landowner"
There lived a landowner in a certain kingdom and he had plenty of everything. And peasants, and land, and bread and livestock. But the landowner was stupid because he read "The News". And so the landowner asked God to deliver him from the peasants, but God did not heed his request, because he knew about the landowner’s stupidity.
And the landowner, seeing that the peasant was still there, read the word “Try” in the newspaper and began to try.
The landowner imposed various fines and taxes on the peasants, so that the peasant could not even breathe without a fine. And the men already prayed that God would deliver them from such a landowner. And God heeded the peasant’s prayer. A chaff wind rose and the men disappeared.
The landowner went out onto the balcony, and the air around was clean, very clean. The fool rejoiced.
I invited the actor Sadovsky and his actors to visit. And when he found out that the landowner had harassed the peasants, he said that he was stupid. After all, now no one will give him a wash. And with these words he left.
Then the landowner invited four generals to play cards.
The generals arrived, happy that the man was gone and that the air was clean. They play cards. It’s just time to drink vodka, and the landowner brings each a lollipop and a gingerbread.
The generals widened their eyes, what kind of treat is this, they would like beef. They called the landowner stupid and left in anger.
But the landowner decided to be firm to the end. He played solitaire and it worked for him, which means he must continue to stick to his line. He began to dream about how he would order cars from England and what kind of gardens he would plant. He wanders around the rooms, shouts to Senka, remembers that this is not the case, and goes to bed.
And in his sleep he dreams of how he was made a minister for his firmness. He will wake up, shout to Senka, and come to his senses.
And then the police captain came to the landowner and arranged an interrogation about where the temporarily liable people had disappeared and who would now pay taxes. The landowner offered to pay with a glass of vodka and printed gingerbread. But the police officer called him stupid and left.
The landowner began to think, because the third person had already called him stupid. I wondered if it was because of him that there was now no bread or meat in the market. And he chickened out. I began to think what it smelled like and if only Cheboksary was good. The landowner is scared, but a secret thought flashes through his mind that maybe he will meet a man in Cheboksary.
And by this time the mice had already eaten his cards, the paths in the garden were overgrown with thistles, and wild animals were howling in the park.
One day even a bear came to the house, looked out the window and licked its lips. The landowner cried, but did not want to deviate from his principles.
And then autumn came, the frosts hit. And the landowner has become so wild that he doesn’t feel the cold. He is overgrown with hair, his nails have become iron, he walks more and more on all fours. I’ve even forgotten how to pronounce articulate sounds. Only he hasn’t got a tail yet. A landowner will go out into the park, climb a tree, watch for a hare, tear it apart and eat it whole.
And the landowner became very strong, so much so that he even made friends with the bear. Only the bear calls the landowner stupid.
And the police captain sent a report to the province and the provincial authorities became alarmed. He asks who will pay taxes and engage in innocent activities. And the captain reports that innocent occupations have been abolished, and instead of them, robbery and robbery are flourishing. Just the other day, some kind of bear-man almost killed him. And the management decided to return the man, and to make a suggestion to the landowner so that he would stop his fanfare.
As if on purpose, a swarm of men flew past and landed on the city square. This swarm was immediately caught and sent to the district. And immediately flour and meat appeared in the market, a lot of taxes arrived, and the district smelled of peasant trousers.
The landowner was caught, washed and shaved. They took away the newspaper "Vest" and assigned Senka. He is alive to this day, plays solitaire, washes himself under duress, yearns for his life in the forests and sometimes moos.
Drawings and illustrations for the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner"