A broad picture of life, populated by different types of characters, in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'?” outstanding Russian writer N.A. Nevrasova. Characteristics of the image of a prosperous peasant Ermila Girin. Useful deeds of the hero, his mistakes and achievements.
Submitting your good work to the knowledge base is easy. Use the form below
Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.
Posted on http://www.allbest.ru/
The image of Yermil Girin (based on the poem by N.A. Nekrasov “Who Lives Well in Rus'”)
Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov, creating in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” a broad picture of life, populates it with various types of characters: these are wandering men looking for happiness, priests and landowners who come across their path, and most of all, of course, peasants , poor and quite prosperous, like Ermila Girin Our wanderers go in fruitless searches until they are advised to find Ermila Girin:
“And you, my dear friends.
Ask Ermila Girin."
According to those who know him, Yermil is a happy person. He is valued by those around him, respected by the landowner,
Girin is engaged in useful work - he maintains a mill at which he works, without deceiving the peasants. He enjoys special trust from people.
An example of this is the collection of money for the orphan mill. Yermil arrived in the city without money, and the mill was being sold; before he had time to go for the money, the mill would go to the merchant Altynnikov.
It won't be good for anyone here. Yermil addresses the people (luckily it was Sunday):
The merchant Altynnikov is rich,
And everything cannot resist him
Against the world's treasury.
"If you know Ermila,
If you believe Yermil.
So help me out!"
Like the wind blows half left
It suddenly started spinning.
People united in one impulse to do a good deed. They believe that their money will not only not be lost, but will also have time to do a just deed. A week later, as promised, Yermil pays off his debts. No one took too much, and there was also a ruble left, and Girin waited for its owner all day:
Yermil walked around, asking questions.
Whose ruble, but I couldn’t find it.
How did a simple peasant manage to gain authority among people? And Yermil was a clerk, he helped illiterate people without fleecing them. For this, he gained respect from the “world.” Why didn’t the wanderers consider him happy? Yermil made a mistake, unable to withstand the test of power. He sent a widow’s son as a soldier out of turn instead of his brother. Our hero repents of his deeds, does not want to live as a sinner, but late. People respect him, appreciate him, but they remember this act. Girin cannot be considered happy, since Yermil himself did not want to live after this. He blames himself before the peasants:
I judged you according to my conscience.
Now I myself am the most sinful of all.
Judge me!
Despite all this, the people still believe in Girin, who stumbled but repented. Life is always more complex and richer than literature. And Nekrasov was able to show this in his poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'.”
Nekrasov Ermila Girin poem
A person cannot go through life without making a mistake, but good deeds and helping people are remembered and appreciated, which is why there is good word of mouth about Girin.
Starting from the chapter “Happy”, a turn is planned in the direction of the search for a happy person. By own initiative“lucky ones” from the lower classes begin to approach the wanderers. Most of them are very tempted to take a sip of free wine. But the very fact of their appearance is significant in the epic. The attention of the seven wanderers is increasingly captured by the polyphonic people's Rus'. There are confessional stories from courtyard people, clergy, soldiers, stonemasons, and hunters. The entire peasant kingdom is involved in a dialogue, in a dispute about happiness. Of course, these “lucky ones” are such that the wanderers, seeing the empty bucket, exclaim with bitter irony:
Hey, man's happiness!
Leaky with patches,
Humpbacked with calluses,
Go home!
But at the end of the chapter there is a story about a happy man, moving the action of the epic forward, signifying more high level popular ideas about happiness. Yermil - “not a prince, not an illustrious count, but just a man!” But in terms of his character and influence on peasant life, he is stronger and more authoritative than anyone. His strength lies in the trust of the people's world and in Yermil Girin's support for this world. The heroism of the people is poeticized when they act together. The story about Ermil begins with a description of the hero's litigation with the merchant Altynnikov over the orphan mill. When at the end of the bargaining “things turned out to be rubbish” - there was no money with Yermil - he turned to the people for support:
And a miracle happened -
Throughout the market square
Every peasant has
Like the wind, half left
Suddenly it turned upside down!
This is the first time in the poem when folk world with one impulse, with one unanimous effort, he wins victory over untruth:
Cunning, strong clerks,
And their world is stronger,
The merchant Altynnikov is rich,
And everything cannot resist him
Against the world's treasury.
Like Yakim, Yermil is endowed keen sense Christian conscience and honor. Only once did he stumble: he excluded “his younger brother Mitri from recruiting.” But this act cost the righteous man severe torment and ended with nationwide repentance, which further strengthened his authority. Ermil's conscientiousness is not exceptional: it is an expression of the most characteristic features the peasant world as a whole. Let us remember how Yermil paid off the peasants for their worldly debt, collected in the market square:
An extra ruble, whose - God knows!
Stayed with him.
All day with my money open
Yermil walked around, asking questions,
Whose ruble? I didn’t find it.
Throughout his life, Yermil refutes the initial ideas of wanderers about the essence of human happiness. It would seem that he has “everything that is needed for happiness: peace of mind, money, and honor.” But at a critical moment in his life, Yermil sacrifices this “happiness” for the sake of the people’s truth and ends up in prison.
Posted on Allbest.ru
...Similar documents
Brief biography Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov (1821-1878), features of the depiction of the Russian people and people's intercessors in his works. Analysis of the reflection of the problems of Russian life with the help of Nekrasov’s ideal in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'.”
abstract, added 11/12/2010
In the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” N.A. Nekrasov spoke about the fate of the peasantry in Russia for the second time half of the 19th century century. The nationality of the narrative, the ability to hear the voice of the people, the truthfulness of life - this does not allow the poem to grow old over many decades.
essay, added 09/12/2008
Freedom as liberation from all dependencies. The essence of the concept of "slavery", the prerequisites for its occurrence. Characteristics of N. Nekrasov's poem "Who Lives Well in Rus'." Consideration of the features of the reform of 1861, analysis of the problems of modern society.
presentation, added 03/15/2013
Nekrasov - first of all folk poet and not only because he speaks about the people, but because the people told them. The very name of the poem suggests that it shows the life of the Russian people.
topic, added 12/02/2003
In both poems, the theme of the road is still a connecting, core one, but for Nekrasov the fates of people connected by the road are important, and for Gogol the road that connects everything in life is important. In “Who Lives Well in Rus',” the theme of the road is an artistic device.
abstract, added 04/01/2004
The images of Yakim Nagogo, Ermila Girin, combining both general, typical features the peasantry (hatred of all “shareholders”), and individual traits. The simplicity and tragedy of the life story of Yakim Nagoy in Nekrasov’s poem, a description of his appearance.
presentation, added 03/31/2014
The history and stages of the creation of Nekrasov’s most famous poem, its main content and images. Definition of genre and composition of this work, description of its main characters, themes. Assessing the place and significance of the poem in Russian and world literature.
presentation, added 03/10/2014
Recognizable space in the lines of "Poem without a Hero". Historical and cultural reminiscences and allusions as components of the chronotope in the poem. The broad, extremely multifaceted and multidimensional spatial structure of “Poem without a Hero” emphasizes this.
abstract, added 07/31/2007
The image of the mother is one of the main ones in literature. Comparative analysis mother images. Image lyrical hero in A.A. Akhmatova's poem "Requiem". Similarities and differences female images in the story “Sofya Petrovna” by L. Chukovskaya and in the poem “Requiem” by A. Akhmatova.
abstract, added 02/22/2007
The main criteria for analyzing the images of Odysseus and Digenis: biographical facts, character traits and properties of nature, techniques and means of creating an image. Benchmarking heroes: the beginning of performing feats, education, being away from home and homeland, death.
Among the images of Russian peasants created by Nekrasov, the image of Ermila Girin especially stands out. He, as they say in the work, “is not a prince, not an illustrious count, but a simple peasant,” but, nevertheless, he enjoys great respect among the peasants. Using the example of the image of Ermila Girin in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” by Nekrasov, we can analyze what character traits were considered important for the Russian people, how the people saw their heroes.
“Both young and smart” - with these words the description of Yermil Girin begins in the poem. Then the peasant, who started talking about Ermil, tells the peasant wanderers a story that testifies to the boundless trust of the people in him. Yermil owned a mill, which the merchant Altynnikov was going to buy for his debts. Yermil won the trial, but the attorneys rigged the case in such a way that he did not have money with him to pay. Then he rushed to the square, to the people, and told them his misfortune. Yermil’s request: “If you know Yermil, / If you believe Yermil, / So help out, or something!..” is the best evidence of his love and trust in his compatriots. In this episode, Nekrasov perfectly noted the psychology of the Russian peasant, who prefers to experience troubles and make decisions “with the whole world.” Yermil opens up to the crowd - and receives help; everyone who was in the square brought him at least a nickel. This was enough to buy out the mill.
The main feature of Yermil is his incorruptible honesty and love of truth. He served as a clerk for seven years, and during all this time “he did not squeeze a worldly penny under his fingernail.” Everyone could turn to Yermil for advice, knowing that he would never demand money or offend an innocent person. When Yermil left his post, it was difficult to get used to the new unscrupulous clerk. “It is necessary to have a bad conscience - / A peasant should extort a penny from a peasant /” - this is the verdict the people pass on “grabber officials.”
With his decency, Yermil earned the faith of the peasants, and they repaid him with kindness: they unanimously elected Yermil as mayor. Now he is Girin Ermil Ilyich, honestly reigning over the entire estate. But Yermil does not stand the test of power. This is the only time he renounces his conscience, sending another person to become a soldier instead of his brother. And although he soon repents and makes amends for the harm he caused, the peasants remember this act. It is difficult to restore one’s good name, which is considered the highest value among the people - this is the idea Nekrasov conveys in the image of Yermil.
In the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus',” Ermil Girin plays another important role. It is he who is the harbinger of the future image of Grisha Dobrosklonov. Yermil, like him, lives for happiness common people and among all the other heroes he is closest to the image of the happy man whom wanderers are looking for.
Work test
The main character of the story of “loves to live” together with his friend went in search of gold. At the gateway they ran out of supplies and ammunition. They could no longer obtain urchins and were very hungry. As each day passed, the stench became more and more intense. And the axis is once the main character, crossing the rope with his leg tucked. He stood up to his friend, but he didn’t help him in any way, leaving him alone. The hero of the story is moving through the river, walking with his comrade. I know the way. It led to a shed where fishing gear, cartridges and bits of hedgehogs were stored. It’s your fault to lie in your life. I tried to think that I would get to the hiding place and that Bill (that was the name of my friend) would find him there. But I lost less and less strength. I was constantly thinking about the hedgehog. The deer began to flock together, but he could not kill them - there were no cartridges. One time, while barely catching a chicken with his bare hands, it escaped; having deprived someone of three feathers from his hand. With the new failure in every situation, one becomes more and more discouraged, but then finds the strength to continue the journey. I ate everything I could get my hands on: swamps, cibulins. to everyone that I could have possibly survived when I was even weaker. He was overwhelmed with only one thing: Yes! against the will of God because of hunger. “It was all the same for me where to go, or just to walk through the smooth place.” But the worst thing is that you have to go on. One day, out of hunger, we simply fell into a chicken’s nest. Several birds are hatched alive, but the stench of the birds was roaring because of their hunger. Then he chased after their mother, breaking the wing with a stone. I didn’t catch up with the chicken, but on the way I was left with a bit of confusion. It's really important. “Over time, his mind became confused, and he continued to wander away, unknowingly, like an automatic machine.” once upon a time the witch got in touch. fear that the beast would kill you, adding strength to you. He stood up with a knife in his hands, marveled at the Vedmedeva right in his eyes and glared at him. And without touching him. The worst stories of the story describe the hero’s superiority and struggle for life. the stinks fought until the end. The woman was so weak that she could not get up and was shifting on all fours. He’s also very weak: he’s old, he’s sick, and he’s been driven out of prison. he followed the people, not looming the strength to attack. He was just checking if he died and it would be possible to capture him. And yet people were also worried about their lives: “whether it was a healthy wolf, a person would not be so sure, but it would be unacceptable for him to think about what he could put into the womb of this vile creature that may have fallen.” With the help of the woman, she pretended to be dead and was able to hide the beast that had risen before. “Day of life, lying unshakably, struggling from forgetfulness and burying the wolf, who wanted to know and what kind of life he himself, as if the moment ... the people were counting. They lightly crushed his hand, then the pressure became stronger - with the rest of their strength they tried to fit their teeth into the form of boots, which they had been waiting for so long. But the man waited for a long time, and the bitten hand squeezed the wolf's crack... five more quills, and the man crushed the wolf with all his weight. His hands did not have the strength to strangle the wolf, but the man was pressed by the guise up to the wolf’s neck, and his mouth was outward. A few years have passed, and the people noticed that the warmth of the flower was oozing into my throat.” This is a motor-driven scene, if the hero may even live with the Vova, to see for himself, to tell us about what people are ready to earn in order to live in the fight against nature. He is ready to pay for his life until he can afford it. The sense of his soul lies in the struggle against nature, in the assertion of his superiority over it. At the end of the speech, the hero argues: after a duel with the wolf, he calls to the river where the whaling ship picks him up. Until that hour, he no longer resembled a human being: “the stench filled the living essence, but it was unlikely that anyone could be called a human being. “It didn’t smell anything, it didn’t understand anything, and it was writhing on the sand, a dumb giant worm.” However, this essence still overcame death.
A man elected by the peasants as mayor (head of local government) and respected by them is considered as a person who may have the happiness that seven peasants are looking for.
The image of Yermil Girin is introduced into the poem to show the ideas of the common people about morality, justice and truth.
This attitude of the people was the result of the fundamental honesty that Yermil Girin showed by serving the peasant society as a clerk for years, without using his official position to enrich himself, which was rare.
However, to completely overcome the temptations given by the position, even this one, is extremely honest man I couldn't. Having been chosen as mayor, he nevertheless retreated from his principles and shielded his brother. Yermil sent another man as a soldier instead. From the point of view of mass peasant psychology, he had two mitigating circumstances. The mayor did not pay off the bribe, but saved a close relative, which was understandable to the men who lived according to the norms traditional society. Yermil Girin sincerely repented and even wanted to hang himself. In addition, he corrected the consequences of his action by returning the wrongly sent man from the army and sending his brother as a recruit.
The trust of the peasants was, at least partially, restored. The people trust him. The seven peasants are told a story about how he needed money to buy out the mill and asked to borrow it from those gathered in the square. The peasant “world” showed great confidence in Yermil. He collected a large sum, each of those who were there gave at least some. Afterwards Yermil settled accounts with everyone.
However, Ermil Girin still cannot be called happy. In the story with the former mayor, Nekrasov’s disbelief in the common people is clear. It turns out that the Russian peasants themselves, in his opinion, are not capable of establishing fair governance and happiness for themselves. Even their best and most honest representatives, chosen by the community, cannot be completely free from corruption and violation of the people's original ideas of truth. The democratic writer believed in happiness for the majority, but brought from outside, by more progressive and educated people.
Essay by Ermil Girin
Nekrasov in his poem very clearly showed both the main and minor characters. One of the minor characters, whose story touches the reader's heartstrings, is the peasant Yermil Girin. The story of this peasant is told in a poem called “The Happy Ones.”
The character's full name is Ermil Ilyich Girin. The author of the poem sometimes calls him “Yermilo”.
Yermil Ilyich has neither ranks nor wealth. He is neither a count, nor a prince, nor even a merchant. Yermil is an ordinary man, a simple peasant.
By character, Yermil Ilyich Girin is a very determined person, he is a rather lively man. In addition, he is a very proud person. In the situation with the mill, he says that the mill itself is not dear to him, but “the offense is great.”
Although Yermil Ilyich Girin is still very young, he has an extraordinary mind. In addition, the character is taught to read and write, unlike most peasants.
Yermilo is a reliable person. The people believe him and even unanimously elect him as mayor of their estate. Six thousand people voted to elect Yermil as their boss.
Other peasants respect Yermil Ilyich for his intelligence and kindness. Respect for the hero was bought not by money, but by the character qualities of this peasant.
Ermil Ilyich Girin is a sympathetic person. He will always help others within his capabilities. And he will not ask for anything in gratitude that speaks of him as a selfless person.
In addition, this character is distinguished by an extraordinary quality - intelligence. He understands people well and sees if someone is thinking of cheating or playing nice with him.
The main quality of Ermil Ilyich Girin is honesty. He never took other people's money. The poem describes a situation where the hero walked around all day with his purse open, trying to find out who owned the ruble.
Ermil Ilyich Girin is a truthful and fair person. He believes that all people are the same and all people are equal. He does not divide people into peasants and landowners. Everyone equally stood in line at the mill for grinding.
The hero committed a dishonest act only once in his life - when he “shielded” his younger brother from serving in the army. But he himself suffers from the committed act, so he confesses to everything and sends his brother to the army. In addition, he now considers himself more sinful than others, so he resigns from the position of headman and remains to work at the mill.
As a result, the hero ends up in prison. Most likely, he supported the peasant uprising, for which he was sent to prison.
Several interesting essays
- Characteristics and image of Prince Svyatoslav from the Lay of Igor's Campaign essay
Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich is the famous prince of Kyiv, wise and peaceful. The state of things in the country greatly affects him, because Svyatoslav thinks in old principles
- Analysis of Chekhov's story Chamber No. 6, grade 10
With my amazing talent for writing amazing stories, capable of touching a nerve, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov amazes the minds of readers. Often former doctor worried about thoughts related to the spiritual development of man
- Kustodiev B.M.
Boris Mikhailovich Kustodiev was born in 1878 in Astrakhan. He was inspired to become an artist by visiting an exhibition of the Itinerants as a child. While at the Academy, B. M. Kustodiev studied with the greatest masters
- Essay The problem of national happiness in the poem Who Lives Well in Rus' by Nekrasova
Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov, one of the most talented writers of the nineteenth century, began the poem in 1863 and composed it until the end of his life, until 1877.
- Sokov in the novel The Master and Margarita Bulgakova characterization and image essay
The novel is rich in diverse characters, both main and secondary. One of these characters is Sokov Andrei Fokich. He was criticized by Woland for the poor quality of food served in the buffet of the Variety Theater.
Yermil Girin in N.A. Nekrasov’s poem is hidden among the minor characters. The author deliberately created difficulty for the reader. He himself needs to comprehend the entire plan of the brilliant poet.
The image and characterization of Yermil Girin in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” combines the traits that Nekrasov considered the most important; in him he saw one of the contenders for the title of a happy person.
Features of happiness
Ermil (Ermilo) Ilyich Girin is young and smart beyond his years. By social status the hero is a simple man. He has neither princely nor count roots. His decisive character allowed him to become a respected person. An estate of 6 thousand souls unanimously chose him as mayor. It is difficult to gain trust from peasants, but Yermil was able to do so. What did Girin do to deserve such an attitude:“...the strict truth”;
“intelligence and kindness”;
responsiveness and selflessness.
Yermil knew how to advise, found out for ordinary people necessary information. He did not demand gratitude and did not take money for help. According to the people, a man had everything to be happy: peace, honor, money.
Character of the hero
To understand a character's happiness, you need to consider his character traits. What is so special about a man, how does he differ from others? What character can claim to be truly lucky?Smartness. The Russian man saw hidden cunning and knew how to quickly discern dishonest intentions. He assessed a person by his looks and behavior. Silently brought out honesty, did not create scandals, but walked away, leaving the cunning people with nothing.
Not the ability to flatter and bow down. Yermil did not succumb to the tricks of clerks and other rich merchants. He did not take sweet, deceitful speeches personally, and did not pay for flattery and pleasant lies.
Honesty. The peasant serves as mayor for seven years, without taking into his own hands a single “worldly penny.”
Justice. Yermil did not offend the weak, he defended the poor. On the other hand, if a person was guilty, he “did not allow” sin and bad deeds.
Respect. Girin treats all classes equally. He respects peasants, landowners, and merchants. The main thing for him is not status, rank, but the person himself.
Working at the mill, Yermil accepted strictly in turns and for the same price. The poorest people, managers, clerks did not argue with the miller, seeing a fair approach to everyone.
Sincerity. Having completed bad deed, Yermil repents before all the people. He asks for himself fair trial, even the forgiveness of his fellow countrymen does not allow him to remain in service. He finds his own punishment.
The fate of Girin
Ermila is chosen as mayor. He has served the people honestly and devotedly for seven years. When the time has come for the younger brother to join the recruits, the mayor from the people does not pass the test of his possession of power. He decides to take advantage of it. Instead of a relative, the son of a village peasant woman goes to serve. Girin's conscience begins to torment him, leading him to the point of deciding to hang himself, but the master corrects the situation. He returns the son to the offended mother. Yermil leaves his service and goes to the mill. The peasants never cease to respect the peasant. The proof is the episode with the collection of money to buy back the mill, which they decided to sell. Girin collected a thousand rubles, a huge sum at that time, in half an hour. No one spared the last penny for him. The help from the peasants is surprising. Girin wins the lawsuit with the merchants, returns every penny to those who gave him money. He has an extra ruble left. All day, Girin walks around the square in the hope of finding the one whose ruble it is, but he doesn’t find it. This scene shows how great the trust in the hero is. Nekrasov shows how the Russian people know how to make decisions as a whole. How strong is the spirit of the common people. Yermil revealed his misfortune, and everyone kind person answered him. The Russian people are strong in their selflessness, their ability to support and unite. But even he is not destined to be happy in Rus'. There was a riot in the village, Yermil refused to pacify the peasants. He is arrested and sent to hard labor. The story of fate ends with sad news:“...he is sitting in prison...”
Couldn't become real happy man with such a bright character.
Reality of the image
Literary scholars have found evidence that Girin has real prototype. This is the manager of the Orlovs' count estates - A.D. Potanin. He came from the lower peasantry. Potanin is known in history for his unselfishness towards the residents of the estates, honesty of behavior and fairness of government. The poet introduces into the character’s speech thoughts close to facts from Potanin’s biography:“You must...have a bad conscience in order...to extort a penny from a peasant”;
“...He became more loved than ever by all the people...”
Ermil and Grigory Dobrosklonov are two close characters. It can be assumed that Yermil Ilyich could become in the future a revolutionary, a fighter, a man whom Russia is waiting for. But hard labor, prisons and jails will break many similar men, deprive them of health and faith in the future. The wanderers are looking for the happy, but they pass by Yermil, although he is closest to their understanding of happiness.