Anyone who has used it at least once has probably asked themselves the question of why airplane passengers are not given parachutes. Agree, it is quite strange that before the start of the flight, the flight attendant always gives instructions on the safety rules in flight, talks about how to use an oxygen mask, where it is and how to get it. They will also tell you where it is and how to put it on. But no one will mention how to put on a parachute correctly or where the emergency exit is. How so? Why don't passenger planes have parachutes? There are life jackets, but no parachute!
Is there an extra parachute on the plane?
First of all, it is generally accepted that a passenger aircraft is an ultra-strong and ultra-reliable machine. According to statistics, an air transport crash occurs in only 1 case out of 20 million flights, while car crashes have a count of 1 in 9200. This is one of the main answers to the question of why there are no parachutes for passengers on airplanes. In addition, there are a sufficient number of more specific and reasoned objections. There are several reasons for this, and they are certainly clear to those who have ever jumped with a parachute or are purely theoretically familiar with the mechanics of the process.
The first reason why airplanes do not have parachutes for passengers
According to statistics, more than 60% of air transport crashes occur during landing, takeoff or climb - that is, at extremely low altitudes, when the parachute is generally useless - it simply does not have time to open, and you will “flop” on the ground along with your life-saving backpack. “But the remaining 40% comes from accidents in the air,” you say. - So why don’t they provide parachutes on airplanes? After all, this could save at least a few lives.” This is where other arguments come into play.
Reason two
Tell me honestly, how many times in your life have you put on a parachute? Most likely, the majority will answer - not even once. This is another reason why there are no parachutes on planes. The fact is that the average passenger is simply unable to put on and secure a parachute correctly the first or even the second time, especially in conditions of panic and nervousness. Moreover, if this statement is true for healthy people, physically and mentally strong, then what can we say about children, pensioners, the disabled, or simply passengers who are easily susceptible to panic? A priori, they cannot master such a “trick”.
The third argument: why there are no parachutes on planes
Even if we assume that the plane will not take off until every passenger learns how to use a parachute correctly, for example, tickets will be sold only to those who have completed special courses, the design of many aircraft would have to be completely redesigned.
The fact is that you can only jump out of an airplane from its rear, tail part. Otherwise, you run the risk of “smacking” on the wing or getting caught in the engines, where the person will instantly be twisted into small “noodles.” The design of the vast majority of aircraft provides for rather narrow passages and an insufficient number of doors for immediate evacuation. large quantity passengers. This is another reason why airplanes do not have parachutes. It is not difficult to imagine what kind of crush would begin in the cabin of a falling plane. In addition, the plane falls very quickly, and the overwhelming number of passengers simply will not have time to get to the exits.
Fourth argument
Still, let’s assume that you know how to put on a parachute, and you were the first at the emergency exit. Now you will definitely be saved, right? No, it’s not that simple, and here we come to the main argument regarding the question of why parachutes are not provided on airplanes. The fact is that the “cruising” speed of an aircraft at flight level, that is, at the altitude where it flies normally, is 800-900 km/h, and maximum speed, which a skydiver can withstand without a special suit or chair, is 400-500 km/h. Simply put, you will simply be “smeared” by the air flow, but that’s not all...
Fifth argument
One of the main reasons why passenger planes do not have parachutes is the altitude.
The maximum altitude at which a person can breathe calmly without the use of special equipment, for example, is 4 thousand km, while the flight altitude at the flight level is 8-10 thousand kilometers. This means that even if you manage to safely jump out of a falling plane, you will have practically nothing to breathe, of course, unless you prudently took an oxygen cylinder with you.
Another reason why planes don't have parachutes is the temperature outside. At the altitude where they usually fly passenger aircraft, the air temperature at any time of the year is minus 50-60˚С, and this suggests that a person who finds himself there without special protective equipment will freeze everything possible in a matter of seconds, or even freeze to death.
Reason six
Another reason why parachutes are not issued on airplanes is that during the flight the cabin is known to be airtight. At the altitude where passenger airliners fly, due to the difference in pressure inside and outside, it is almost impossible to open the door of an airplane. However, suppose that as a result of the accident there was depressurization - if this happened at an altitude of 10 thousand km, then all passengers would lose consciousness or even die within 30 seconds. It is unlikely that during this negligible time someone will have time to put on a parachute and get to the exit.
But even if we assume that you have an unrealistic strong guardian angel and all the above reasons did not affect you, imagine what awaits you below: taiga, desert, icy endless ocean or just the maintenance yard of some tractor factory. Simply put, the chance that you will land without breaking anything, and in a place where people capable of providing first aid will find you as quickly as possible, is negligible. So the use of parachutes in passenger aircraft is simply impractical.
How much will this tiny chance cost?
Nevertheless, particularly stubborn aerophobes still cannot stop asking: “Why don’t they issue parachutes on passenger planes?”
We have already sorted out the technical side of the process a little, now let's talk about the economic component. Suppose that the whole world got into the habit of hoping for “maybe”, and all airplanes began to be equipped with parachutes. We count:
- Each parachute weighs approximately 5 to 15 kg, depending on the model and the weight it can lift. This means that the plane will be able to take 15-20% fewer passengers on board - parachutes will fly instead. The cash equivalent of these same interests will be redistributed into the price of the remaining tickets; the company cannot give up its profits.
- In addition, the tickets will include the cost of the parachutes themselves, or rather, their rental. This is due to the fact that they first need to be purchased and periodically changed (parachutes also have an expiration date).
- The next line of expenses is inspection and installation. Before each flight, it would be necessary to check the suitability and serviceability of each parachute; in addition, many models require repacking even when they were not used (once a month or six months). To do this, airlines will have to maintain a whole staff service personnel, whose salaries will also be included in the ticket price.
Thus, the price of a ticket for a regular flight soars that there are likely to be few people willing to buy it. Well, you see, who would want to fly from Moscow, for example, to Simferopol for 100-150 thousand rubles?
What about the ejection system?
So, we seem to have figured out why they don’t issue parachutes on passenger planes, but it’s possible to equip every seat with an ejection system, like in fighter jets. Or not? Let's figure it out.
The rescue systems installed in fighter aircraft are a whole rescue complex, consisting of a seat, an oxygen and parachute system and a special mechanism to protect the pilot from the oncoming air flow. This entire complex collectively weighs approximately 500 kg. Thus, if a TU-154 can usually take 180 passengers on board, with the use of an ejection system their number will be reduced to approximately 15. Imagine how much a ticket will cost, considering the amount of kerosene that the plane “eats.” does not depend on the quality of the cargo - in other words, the plane does not care whether it is carrying catapults or people.
In addition, in order to use the ejection system, passengers would have to be in special suits, helmets, tightly fastened to the seat for the entire flight - an unpleasant prospect. And then, each chair must be a separate sealed capsule, otherwise when one chair was “shot”, all the others would be damaged by the explosion of the squib. In short, we would have to design a completely new vehicle, capable of providing all of the above conditions.
When boarding a plane, everyone has ever thought about the safety of such a trip. And it’s not surprising - historically, almost any air disaster immediately appears on news channels. Cinematography, of course, doesn’t help with this either.
In fact, there are several dozen times fewer airliner crashes than car accidents or other accidents involving equipment. However, this does not completely negate their existence. And in this case, it’s really worth thinking about and paying attention to all the security measures that are provided to you on board.
Some people here are beginning to worry about the question - why are there no parachutes? And in fact, why is not a single passenger plane equipped with them?
There are several reasons for this and they can all be divided into several categories:
- Economic;
- Technical;
- Risk factors.
Economic reasons
Economic reasons are not the main ones, but still significant. To equip each passenger seat with a parachute, you need to spend a lot of money.
Regular checks of equipment, its updates, instructing passengers - each of these costs will not be covered even by an increased ticket price.
Economic inefficiency is one of the main reasons for this decision.
Technical reasons
There are several technical reasons:
- There are no standard parachutes - each of them will have to be customized for an individual passenger. Along with mandatory instruction, this will take an inordinate amount of time and effort.
- Passengers with disabilities For pregnant women and small children, even a fully fitted parachute will not be an option. For such passengers you will have to come up with your own way, and it is not an option that it exists.
- Each parachute means extra weight and space. Any passenger aircraft has a maximum payload, which includes both people and their luggage. With the addition of 300-500 parachutes on board, it will be necessary to reduce not only the permissible weight of luggage, but also the volume of hand luggage, since space in the cabin is also limited.
- The average flight altitude of a passenger airliner is no less than 9-10 thousand meters above the ground. At this altitude, the temperature is about -40 degrees and there is practically no oxygen, thanks to the rarefied air. A passenger who disembarks in such conditions will die.
Risk factors
Risk factors for placing parachutes on an aircraft can also be divided into:
- Human;
- Statistical.
Human factor:
- Terrorists. Unfortunately, today terrorist attacks are a terrible reality that almost everyone is struggling with. the developed countries. This does not change the fact that they still occur and, despite a large number of precautions, airplanes during passenger transportation are one of the favorite places of terrorists.
If parachutes are installed on airplanes, this will give criminals the easiest way out of situations that does not require sacrificing their own lives. As with the buyout policy, this will only arouse their interest.
- Pilots. Parachutes installed on board mean parachutes installed in the cockpit, right? If this is true, then if a plane crashes, both pilots will have a chance to escape from the airliner before all the passengers. Even experts will not be able to determine how a person will react when faced with the threat of death - will he behave like a professional, or will he panic when he has a means of escape at hand? These are all unnecessary risks.
- Passengers panic. The likelihood that one of the passengers will panic at the most inopportune moment or during simple turbulence is too high. If this person grabs his parachute and runs to open the door, panic will begin, which is extremely dangerous.
- Psychology of passengers. Professionals know that even with already paid jumps, a full course of training and a guarantee of safety, some part of the group refuses every time at the most last moment. When this happens in controlled flight conditions, instructors allow such people to remain on board until landing, because they know that panic in the air can lead to irreparable errors and even death. In a crash, there will be no such luxury.
Statistical factor:
- Aircraft crash statistics show that the vast majority of them occur either during takeoff or landing. A parachute is unlikely to help here.
- If you successfully jump from an airplane and the parachute opens, the probability of ending up in the middle of the ocean or any other non-residential areas is too high. Add to this the urgent need for medical attention that you are likely to need, and you can see this happening.
Other security measures
This video presents other possible inventions and safety measures that are or are being considered for implementation in passenger airliners to ensure the safety of people.
Conclusion
In conclusion, several conclusions can be drawn:
- Passenger planes do not have parachutes for several unrelated reasons: economic, technical and risk. They all describe different situations, some of which, with due diligence, can be circumvented, while others cannot.
- In addition to parachutes, there are other, more real and significant safety measures and rules on board the aircraft, which, if you want to avoid unforeseen situations, must be studied and followed.
Ecology of knowledge: Everyone has certainly wondered: what will happen if the plane starts to fall? Well, okay, if you go into the water, life jackets will come in handy. What if it’s just on the ground? Where is the parachute? Why aren't they given a parachute on the plane?
Fasten your seat belt, put on your life jacket, and don’t forget your oxygen mask. Anyone who has flown on an airplane at least once knows about these safety measures.
And everyone certainly wondered: what would happen if the plane started to fall? Well, okay, if you go into the water, life jackets will come in handy. What if it’s just on the ground? Where is the parachute? Why aren't they given a parachute on the plane? After all, so many lives could have been saved in all these disasters.
Aviation experts unanimously say that a parachute on an airplane is unnecessary, expensive, and generally from the realm of science fiction. But aerophobes do not give up: they believe that parachutes can be installed on an airplane if you add more money for a ticket, to involve the best engineering minds of the country, and in general - this already exists on military aircraft!
There is even a parachute with which you can successfully jump from the 7th floor. So why can't you install a parachute or a flying capsule on an airplane? Rustoria found out everything.
Oleg Ivashchuk, head of the dynamic simulator department at the Yu. A. Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center
A parachute on a passenger plane is definitely superfluous. I'll explain why:
1. A passenger plane is an extremely reliable machine;
2. Most emergency situations with passenger airliners occur during takeoff and landing, that is, at minimum altitudes, when the parachute is simply useless (it will not have time to open);
3. When flying at flight level, that is, at an estimated altitude of 10-11 thousand meters, a parachute is also useless: a person, leaving the plane, will simply die. After all, “outside the window” the temperature is -40 degrees, the atmosphere is thin and there is practically no oxygen;
4. Finally, carrying with you, imagine, a set of parachutes for 300-500 people is a lot of extra weight and not enough free space. There will be nowhere to put the luggage of happy vacationing tourists.
5. And most importantly: parachutes are not carried for the safety of the passengers themselves. In case of turbulence (turbulence), even the slightest, some suspicious passengers will grab these same parachutes and run with them to the exit in an attempt to open the doors.
And so - no parachute - no reason to worry! Happy flying!
Oh yes, capsules are the realm of fantasy. For military aircraft, this is relevant when it is necessary to save one or two people. For a large number of passengers this is unrealistic. This is very expensive, but the point is not even the cost, but the fact that it is very difficult to implement technically. After all, the ejection seat of a fighter jet is a highly complex mechanism, a kind of small rocket with a complex of systems for survival.
And for each person - if in the passenger version - it is necessary to provide a hole in the fuselage and skin, where this entire “capsule” will fly out. And the fuselage and skin of a modern passenger aircraft is a very durable structure, eliminating all sorts of voids and holes, and capable of absorbing aerodynamic, weight and thermal loads when flying at speeds of about 900 km/h.
Alexey Kochemasov, civil aviation pilot, aircraft captain. He runs a popular blog under the nickname “Pilot Lyokha”
Why do you need a parachute if you can’t use it?
Military aircraft (fighters) have parachutes, but these are not just parachutes, but entire rescue systems. The system includes an ejection seat, an oxygen system, a parachute system and a system for protecting against mechanical damage to a person by the oncoming flow.
The whole thing collectively weighs about half a ton. I think it makes no sense to talk about how this system works, since it will take about 20 A4 pages.
It is known that the vast majority of accidents occur during takeoff and landing. So: simply using a parachute on a passenger plane simply won’t work, because it (the plane) flies very high and very fast.
Under no circumstances will the passenger be able to put on a parachute in the cabin, should something happen, much less leave the plane.
To open the doors on an airplane at an altitude of 10-12 km, you will have to depressurize the airplane, that is, let all the air out, otherwise the doors cannot be opened. And if you do it like in a fighter plane (when the door “shoots back”), then explosive decompression will occur, and this, in turn, will result in instant death.
In a fighter plane, the pilot sits in a protective helmet and an oxygen mask, and when the rescue system is activated, the oxygen system begins to supply air to the person’s lungs under excess pressure (automatically), which ensures the vital functions of the body.
You understand that such seats are excluded in the passenger compartment.
Further. The plane flies at a speed of approximately 800-900 km per hour, which means that getting out of the plane unharmed at such a speed is a utopia. A person and his parachute will simply be torn to shreds by the oncoming air flow.
In a fighter aircraft, the rescue system ensures the safety of the human body by introducing a special deflector into the oncoming flow. This is a steel telescopic rod that is fired and fixed in front of the pilot’s body and head.
So, this deflector cuts the oncoming flow and keeps the human body intact. Also, do not forget that a military pilot wears a protective helmet at all times.
Further. Even if we install rescue systems similar to military aircraft in a civilian aircraft, the number of passengers that the aircraft can carry will be reduced by approximately 4-5 times, which means that the ticket will immediately begin to cost the same amount of times more.
Are there many passengers willing to fly from Moscow to Sochi for 100,000 rubles one way? Moreover, you need to be in the ejection seat tightly fastened and pulled in all the time, wearing a helmet and an oxygen mask!
And, perhaps, the most important thing. After all, not only young girls and boys, absolutely athletic and completely healthy, fly: what about children, old people, hypertensive patients, who not only cannot physically endure the ejection itself, but even a decrease in atmospheric pressure below a certain level can become fatal for them?
The use of a parachute in its classical sense (a backpack behind the back) is impossible by definition: you wouldn’t force every passenger to put a backpack on their back and sit like that on the plane for 3-15 hours? And 99.9% of people on the plane will not be able to perform the jump. They just never did it.
As for rescuing the entire cabin by parachute. At low altitude, during takeoff and landing, there is simply not enough altitude and time to use the system. And when two planes collide at altitude, you know, all these parachute devices don’t give a damn.
And at the flight level, being in the plane itself, even if the engines have failed, is much safer than leaving this very plane (well, we already said above that it’s out of science fiction to get out of the plane at an altitude of 10 km).
Is it technically possible to take a parachute with you?
If you decide to take a parachute with you, no one can stop you from doing so. You shouldn't laugh either.
“A parachute is a thing like anything else. If it weighs the same as hand luggage, then there will be no problems; you can take it on board with you. It is better to check specific weight standards in advance with the airline,” the information service at Sheremetyevo Airport told Rustoria.
But still, you should take a parachute with you on a trip only if you really want to scare other passengers, especially impressionable aerophobes. It will still not be possible to use the parachute for its intended purpose, our experts are sure.
So just fasten your seat belt, sit back and think about something pleasant. And there are almost always fantastic views from the porthole. Have a nice flight and soft landing! published
It would seem to be a completely logical and simple solution, which probably occurred to every person who has flown at least once. What are the reasons why airplanes do not have parachutes for passengers? Is it just the greed of the airlines?
Most armchair experts reduce the issue to finances. They say that it is simply not profitable for air carriers to install additional equipment, since this will lead to higher prices for flights and loss of customers. Moreover, companies are even interested in the death of all passengers in the event of a disaster, because this reduces the amount of insurance payments.
Of course, parachutes are not cheap, and equipping each passenger seat with them will cost a pretty penny. However, will this make people more comfortable? Firstly, this is additional weight. Are there many people who want to replace their hand luggage with a parachute? What if some passengers agree, but the rest are against? Resolve the issue by secret ballot?
Secondly, putting on a parachute is not like putting a backpack on your back. The briefing alone will take a couple of hours. Would you agree to listen to it before every flight? Many straps must be adjusted to the exact size. This means that giving each passenger a standard parachute is not an option. It is necessary to separately think through options for children, pregnant women, people with disabilities... Ideally, you need to put on a parachute before starting the flight, set it up, and fly without taking it off. Can you imagine this picture?
Thirdly, there is logical question: Should parachutes be issued to the crews of passenger aircraft? If not, it seems to be unfair to take away their chance of salvation. And if so, then who can guarantee that at the most critical moment the pilots will not jump out, leaving the falling ship behind?
And just imagine what a gift this would be for terrorists. You no longer have to look for suicide bombers willing to carry a bomb on board and explode along with everyone else. After all, you can jump out at any moment.
But let’s say passengers agree, for the sake of their own safety, to endure such inconveniences and expose themselves to other risks. But here the next question arises:
Will a parachute save you on an airplane?
As we already wrote in the article, the vast majority of plane crashes happen during takeoff and landing. Everything happens at too low a height for a jump, and for such a short time that you won’t have time not only to put on, but even to think about a parachute.
Oh yes, we agreed that we were flying with parachutes already dressed. In addition, not all accidents occur directly near the ground. Okay, let’s imagine a situation where critical problems occurred at , and this is 10,000 meters. Then passengers will have just a few minutes to evacuate. To understand how much this is, just watch the following video.
In total, it took almost a minute and a half for calm and ready-to-experiment people, who knew that they were not in danger, to leave the passenger plane through the emergency exits. How long will it take for the same number of people, in panic, to jump from a 10-kilometer height with a parachute, which they see for the first time in their lives?
Skydiving instructors know that it is often difficult to persuade even a person who has consciously decided to jump and paid money for it to jump out for the first time. Not everyone will decide to do this. In addition, the daredevils will face a moral dilemma, because the children and elderly people remaining in the cabin will inevitably die as a result of depressurization of the cabin.
You say, so what, it’s better that at least some of the passengers are saved than none? Okay, then let's see what fate awaits those who decide to jump. The speed is about 1000 km/h, outside there is 50 degrees below zero and there is a lack of oxygen. Even if by some miracle you don’t get smeared on the wing, aren’t pulled into the engine, don’t suffocate or freeze, it’s not a fact that you’ll be happy with what awaits you after landing. The likelihood of finding yourself in the middle of the ocean is much higher than on the threshold of a hospital, which you would really need after such an adventure...
Then, maybe, upon landing, all passengers should immediately put on not only a parachute, but also a wetsuit, an oxygen tank, and take with them a packed lunch for 3 days and a survival kit? Or is this already too much? Or here’s another idea - a catapult. In case of danger, the pilot presses a button, and hundreds of smiling people in comfortable chairs, with parachutes above their heads and glasses of champagne in their hands, soar into the sky...
Why are there no catapults on passenger planes?
Yes, in fact, for the same reason why airplane passengers are not given parachutes: the conditions outside are unsuitable for survival, plus the heaviness and high cost of the design.
Can you imagine hundreds of catapults firing and parachutes opening at the same time? They will all get mixed up and one big pancake will fall to the ground. In addition, even if you don’t make an individual hatch for each passenger, but build something like a common shootable roof, this will significantly reduce the strength of the fuselage.
Thus, all such “remedies” are nothing more than fantasies that are unrealizable. At least on this moment. That's why airplanes don't have parachutes or catapults. If you look at the statistics, you will understand that such measures are not adequate to the potential danger. The roof could collapse on you at any moment, but you don’t wear a helmet all the time. Therefore, fly calmly and... enjoy the flight.
29.03.2018, 06:52
Why don't passenger planes have parachutes? A question that concerns everyone who has ever encountered fear before or during flying. Turbulence and other factors willy-nilly make you think “what if the plane crashes, if we all die...”. The next thought that visits our consciousness and fantasy is: “If only I had a parachute, I would jump out and be saved.” So why are passenger airliners still not equipped with parachutes? In the event of an accident, it would be possible to gather everyone in an organized manner and “throw them out” of the airlock. However, not all so simple.
There are international rules according to which a parachute is not issued on passenger aircraft, as it is ineffective and unprofitable. Disadvantage means excess weight, which will have to load the plane. One parachute weighs on average 10 kg. The aircraft can carry 70 to 700 passengers at a time (depending on the aircraft model) plus crew. It’s not difficult to calculate - the additional weight will be from 700 kg to 7 tons! Each aircraft has its own carrying capacity, and if it is equipped with parachutes, several passenger seats will have to be left free, and this will be a big loss for airlines.
Inefficiency means that at the moment of the crash, in panic, confusion, weightlessness and other disturbances, an unprepared person will not be able to put on a parachute correctly and centrally get to the “drop” site without panic. In addition, the pilot and staff are also not given parachutes, so the crew is not tempted to save own life and leave the falling plane with passengers.
Let's imagine that we are flying in a passenger plane with parachutes. Suddenly an emergency situation arises, the pilots cannot cope with it and the plane plummets.
Situation 1
We know how to use a parachute and were able to put it on, but the plane is throwing from side to side so much that we simply cannot get to the exit. In fact, even professional paratroopers would have a hard time getting out of a falling plane. Not to mention us, unprepared passengers.
Situation 2
We are wearing a parachute, the plane continues to fall and we miraculously made it to the safest door at the end of the plane. If you get out of other doors, you can crash into the wing or get into the engine when jumping. So, we open the door, and here another trouble awaits us: air and speed.
As everyone knows, a passenger plane flies at speeds of up to 1000 km/h. At this speed, the air becomes like a concrete wall. If you jump out of a plane without some physical preparation, you will simply break down and turn out. This is especially true for older people, women and children.
What about air? Airplanes fly at an altitude of about 10-12 km. According to research, at an altitude of 4 km a person begins to need additional oxygen. At an altitude of already 8 km without oxygen cylinder the person simply will not survive. It is unlikely that you will be able to jump out at such a speed and height, grabbing an oxygen tank along the way.
Situation 3
You got to the door and opened it - depressurization! When depressurized at an altitude of about 10 km, a person lives no more than 30 seconds.
Situation 4
You were still able to get out of the plane, overcome the monstrous pressure, the blow of air, the temperature of minus 60 degrees in the absence of oxygen. And here again the test - below is the taiga, winter, bears, wolves, ocean, desert, field, high-voltage lines, mad boars and other troubles. Survive in in this case will be great luck.
Of course there is a chance to survive! People are designed in such a way that they will fight to the last even for the most insignificant chance of survival. However, do airlines agree with our position? Unfortunately, no, they believe that the chance of salvation is so insignificant that cutting their income by 30% is too high a price that they are not willing to pay for this chance. In addition, the survivors will sue the airline for much more than the compensation to the families of the victims.
By the way, a method has long been invented in which all passengers can be saved in the event of an aircraft crash. The passenger compartment and the pilot's cabin are a capsule, which in the event of a crash can be detached from the rest of the plane and descend to the ground using parachutes. They, in turn, automatically open up in this situation - and everyone is saved! It looks like this:
This is also not beneficial for the airlines; again, the survivors will sue. So technically this option is real and there are possibilities for implementation, but no one wants to convert their fleet of aircraft and pay compensation to the survivors. This is the crux of the problem.
Positive point
According to the results of a study of air accidents conducted over 20 years, in 570 accidents, only 5% of all passengers on board died. That is, out of 53 thousand people who survived the crash, 51 thousand survived.
Don't forget that 90% of plane crashes occur during takeoff and landing. It is unlikely that you will need a parachute at an altitude of 20 meters.