What is the difference between the words: confession and monologue?
A monologue can be on any topic, confession is very personal, it is the state of mind of an individual person.
Today we will listen to the music of L. Beethoven, about which French writer R. Roldan said: “This is a monologue without words, a truthful, amazing confession, the likes of which can be found in music... there is not a single word here, but this music is understandable to everyone.”
Sounds I Part Analysis.
Melody - bass - triplets.
Man - Man's grief - the world around.
How do these three components develop?
Tenderness, sadness, reflection. Measured, rocking movement of the middle voice. Then a pleading melody appears, a slight upward movement. “Is this really happening to me? - the man thinks. She passionately and persistently tries to reach the light registers, but gradually the melody goes to the bass. Man dissolved in grief, completely disappeared into it, and nature remained unchanged. Merged with trouble. The last chords are like covering a person with a heavy slab.
Sounds P part
What image did this melody inspire?
This is an island of little happiness. B. Aget called it “a flower between two abysses.”
What is this lyric part?
Some people think musical portrait Juliet Guicciardi, others refrain from figurative explanations of the mysterious part. Intonations can be interpreted from unpretentious grace to noticeable humor. The person probably accomplished something long past, loved, corner of nature, holiday, G. Neuhaus said that this is a “Flower with drooping leaves.”
Sounds part III
What associations emerged?
It sounds like a storm, sweeping away everything in its path. Four waves of sounds rolling in with enormous pressure. Each wave ends with two sharp blows - the elements are raging. But here comes the second topic. Her upper voice is wide and melodious: she complains, protests. The state of extreme excitement is maintained thanks to the accompaniment - in the same movement as during the stormy beginning of part 3. Sometimes it seems that complete exhaustion sets in, but the person rises again to overcome suffering.
This is the dominant part of the sonata and the natural conclusion of its dramatic events. Everything here is like in the lives of many people, for whom living means fighting and overcoming suffering.
"Pathétique Sonata" No. 8
The sonata was written by L. Beethoven in 1798. The title belongs to the composer himself. From the Greek word “pathos” - with an elevated, elevated mood. This name applies to all three parts of the sonata, although this “elation” is expressed differently in each part.
I Part written at a fast tempo in the form of a sonata allegro. The beginning of the sonata is unusual: “The slow introduction sounds gloomy and at the same time solemn. Heavy chords, from the lower register an avalanche of sound gradually moves upward. Formidable questions sound more and more insistently. They are answered by a gentle, melodious melody with a hint of prayer against the backdrop of calm chords.
After the introduction, a rapid sonata allegro begins.
Main party resembles stormy waves. Against the background of a restless bass, the melody of the upper voice rises and falls anxiously.
Linking party gradually calms the excitement of the main theme, and leads to a melodic and melodious side party.
Contrary to the established rules in the sonatas of the Viennese classics, the side part of the “Pathétique Sonata” sounds not in the parallel major, but in the minor of the same name.
Test questions and assignments for students
1. In what year was L, Beethoven born?
A).1670,
B). 1870
IN). 1770
2. Where was Beethoven born?
A). In Bonn,
B). In Paris,
IN). In Bergen.
3. Who was Beethoven's teacher?
A). Handel G. F.
B). Nefe K.G.
IN). Mozart V.
4. At what age did Beethoven write the Moonlight Sonata?
A). At 50 years old.
B). At 41 years old.
IN). At 21 years old.
5 . Just in time for the love of which woman did Beethoven write the Moonlight Sonata?
A). Juliet Guicciardi.
B).Juliet Capulet. IN). Josephine Dame.
6. Which poet gave the name to sonata No. 14 “Moonlight”?
A), and Schiller.
B). L. Relshtab.
IN). I. Shenk.
7. Which work does not belong to the work of Beethoven?
A). "Pathetique Sonata"
B). "Heroic Symphony".
IN),."Revolutionary sketch".
8. How many symphonies did Beethoven write?
Exercise 1.
Listen to two works, determine by style which one is by L. Beethoven, explain your opinion.
They sound: “Prelude No. 7” by F. Chopin and “Sonata” No. 14, 3rd movement by L. Beethoven.
Symphony
Symphony (from the Greek συμφωνία - “consonance”) - a genre of symphonic instrumental music of a multi-part form with fundamental ideological content.
Due to the similarity in structure with sonata, sonata and symphony are combined under the general title “ sonata-symphonic cycle " A classical symphony (as it is represented in the works of the Viennese classics - Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven) usually has four movements.
The 1st movement, at a fast tempo, is written in sonata form;
2nd, in slow movement, written in the form of variations, rondo, rondo sonata, complex three-part
3rd - scherzo or minuet - in tripartite form
4th movement, at a fast tempo - in sonata form, in the form of a rondo or rondo sonata.
A program symphony is one that is associated with known content, set out in the program and expressed, for example, in the title or epigraph - Beethoven’s “Pastoral Symphony”, Berlioz’s “Fantasy Symphony”, Tchaikovsky’s Symphony No. 1 “Winter Dreams”, etc.
Assignments for students
Listening and analyzing fragments from symphonies Kritskaya E. D. program “Music”.
In Mozart Symphony No. 40, exposition.
1. Sing the main solfege melody, vocalise, to a text you have invented yourself.
2. Listen and draw the melodic line of the main theme.
3. While listening, draw an artistic image that arises.
4. Compose a rhythmic score for DMI.
5. Learn the proposed rhythmic movements and compose rhythmic improvisations.
A. P. Borodin Symphony No. 2 “Bogatyrskaya”
1. Main theme: sing, play metallophones, piano.
2. Compare the musical image with the artistic one - A. Vasnetsov “Bogatyrs”.
P. Tchaikovsky Symphony No. 4 finale
1. Sing main topic with pauses for the words of the song “There was a birch tree in the field.”
2. Perform rhythmic accompaniment on noise musical instruments.
Great work of genius German composer Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)
Ludwig van Beethoven - Piano Sonata No. 14 ( Moonlight Sonata).
Beethoven's Sonata, written in 1801, originally had a rather prosaic title - Piano Sonata No. 14. But in 1832 the German musical critic Ludwig Rellstab compared the sonata to the Moon shining over Lake Lucerne. So this composition received the now widely known name - “Moonlight Sonata”. The composer himself was no longer alive by that time...
At the very end of the 18th century, Beethoven was in his prime, he was incredibly popular, and was active social life, he could rightfully be called the idol of youth of that time. But one circumstance began to darken the composer’s life - his gradually fading hearing.
Suffering from an illness, Beethoven stopped going out into the world and became practically a recluse. He was overcome by physical torment: constant incurable tinnitus. In addition, the composer also experienced mental anguish due to his approaching deafness: “What will happen to me?” - he wrote to his friend.
In 1800, Beethoven met the Guicciardi aristocrats who came from Italy to Vienna. The daughter of a respectable family, sixteen-year-old Juliet, struck the composer at first sight. Soon Beethoven began giving the girl piano lessons, completely free of charge. Juliet had good musical abilities and grasped all his advice on the fly. She was pretty, young, sociable and flirtatious with her 30-year-old teacher.
Beethoven fell in love, sincerely, with all the passion of his nature. He fell in love for the first time, and his soul was full of pure joy and bright hope. He's not young! But she, it seemed to him, was perfection, and could become for him a consolation in illness, joy in everyday life and a muse in creativity. Beethoven is seriously considering marrying Juliet, because she is nice to him and encourages his feelings.
True, the composer increasingly feels helpless due to progressive hearing loss, his financial situation is unstable, he does not have a title or “blue blood” (his father is a court musician, and his mother is the daughter of a court chef), and yet Juliet is an aristocrat ! In addition, his beloved begins to give preference to Count Gallenberg.
The composer conveys the whole storm of human emotions that was in his soul at that time in the “Moonlight Sonata”. This is grief, doubt, jealousy, doom, passion, hope, longing, tenderness and, of course, love.
The strength of the feelings that he experienced during the creation of the masterpiece is shown by the events that occurred after it was written. Juliet, forgetting about Beethoven, agreed to become the wife of Count Gallenberg, who was also a mediocre composer. And, apparently deciding to play at being an adult temptress, she finally sent Beethoven a letter in which she said: “I am leaving one genius for another.” It was a brutal “double whammy” – as a man and as a musician.
The composer, in search of loneliness, torn by the feelings of a rejected lover, went to the estate of his friend Maria Erdedi. For three days and three nights he wandered through the forest. When he was found in a remote thicket, exhausted from hunger, he could not even speak...
Beethoven wrote the sonata in 1800-1801, calling it quasi una Fantasia - that is, “in the spirit of fantasy.” Its first edition dates from 1802 and is dedicated to Giulietta Guicciardi. At first it was just Sonata No. 14 in C sharp minor, which consisted of three movements - Adagio, Allegro and Finale. In 1832, the German poet Ludwig Relstab compared the first part to a walk on a moon-silvered lake. Years will pass, and the first measured part of the work will become a hit of all times. And, probably for the sake of convenience, “Adagio Sonata No. 14 quasi una Fantasia” will be replaced by the majority of the population simply with “Moonlight Sonata”.
Six months after writing the sonata, on October 6, 1802, Beethoven wrote the “Heiligenstadt Testament” in despair. Some Beethoven scholars believe that it was to Countess Guicciardi that the composer addressed a letter known as the letter “to the immortal beloved.” It was discovered after Beethoven's death in a hidden drawer in his wardrobe. Beethoven kept a miniature portrait of Juliet along with this letter and the Heiligenstadt Testament. The melancholy of unrequited love, the agony of hearing loss - all this was expressed by the composer in the “Moon” sonata.
This is how a great work was born: in the throes of love, tossing, ecstasy and devastation. But it was probably worth it. Beethoven later experienced a bright feeling for another woman. And Juliet, by the way, according to one version, later realized the inaccuracy of her calculations. And, realizing Beethoven’s genius, she came to him and begged him for forgiveness. However, he has not forgiven her...
"Moonlight Sonata" performed by Stephen Sharp Nelson on electric cello.
The history of the creation of L. Beethoven's "Moonlight Sonata"Beethoven's famous Moonlight Sonata appeared in 1801. In those years, the composer was not worried best time In my life. On the one hand, he was successful and popular, his works became increasingly popular, he was invited to famous aristocratic houses. The thirty-year-old composer gave the impression of a cheerful, happy person, independent and despising fashion, proud and contented. But Ludwig was tormented by deep emotions in his soul - he began to lose his hearing. This was a terrible misfortune for the composer, because before his illness Beethoven’s hearing was distinguished by amazing subtlety and accuracy, he was able to notice the slightest wrong shade or note, and almost visually imagined all the subtleties of rich orchestral colors.
The causes of the disease remained unknown. Perhaps it was due to excessive hearing strain, or a cold and inflammation of the ear nerve. Be that as it may, Beethoven suffered from unbearable tinnitus day and night, and the entire community of medical professionals could not help him. Already by 1800, the composer had to stand very close to the stage in order to hear the high sounds of the orchestra playing; he had difficulty distinguishing the words of the people speaking to him. He hid his deafness from friends and family and tried to be in society as little as possible. At this time, young Juliet Guicciardi appeared in his life. She was sixteen, she loved music, played the piano beautifully and became a student of the great composer. And Beethoven fell in love, immediately and irrevocably. He always saw only the best in people, and Juliet seemed to him perfection, an innocent angel who came to him to quench his worries and sorrows. He was captivated by the cheerfulness, good nature and sociability of the young student. Beethoven and Juliet began a relationship, and he felt a taste for life. He began to go out more often, he learned to rejoice again simple things- music, sun, beloved’s smile. Beethoven dreamed that one day he would call Juliet his wife. Filled with happiness, he began work on a sonata, which he called “Sonata in the Spirit of Fantasy.”
But his dreams were not destined to come true. The flighty and frivolous coquette began an affair with the aristocratic Count Robert Gallenberg. She became uninterested in the deaf, poor composer from a simple family. Very soon Juliet became Countess of Gallenberg. The sonata, which Beethoven began to write in a state of real happiness, delight and trembling hope, was completed in anger and rage. Its first part is slow and gentle, and the finale sounds like a hurricane, sweeping away everything in its path. After Beethoven's death, a letter was found in his desk drawer, which Ludwig addressed to the careless Juliet. In it, he wrote about how much she meant to him, and what melancholy washed over him after Juliet’s betrayal. The composer's world collapsed, and life lost its meaning. One of Beethoven’s best friends, the poet Ludwig Relstab, called the “Moonlight” sonata after his death. At the sound of the sonata, he imagined the quiet surface of the lake and a lonely boat floating on it under the uncertain light of the moon.
At the very end of the 18th century, Ludwig van Beethoven was in the prime of his life, he was incredibly popular, led an active social life, and he could rightfully be called the idol of the youth of that time. But one circumstance began to darken the composer’s life - his gradually fading hearing. “I drag out a bitter existence,” Beethoven wrote to his friend. “I am deaf. With my profession, nothing could be more terrible... Oh, if I could get rid of this disease, I would embrace the whole world.”
In 1800, Beethoven met the Guicciardi aristocrats who came from Italy to Vienna. The daughter of a respectable family, sixteen-year-old Juliet, had good musical abilities and wished to take piano lessons from the idol of the Viennese aristocracy. Beethoven does not charge the young countess, and she, in turn, gives him a dozen shirts that she sewed herself.
Beethoven was a strict teacher. When he didn’t like Juliet’s playing, frustrated, he threw the notes on the floor, pointedly turned away from the girl, and she silently collected the notebooks from the floor.
Juliet was pretty, young, sociable and flirtatious with her 30-year-old teacher. And Beethoven succumbed to her charm. “Now I am in society more often, and therefore my life has become more fun,” he wrote to Franz Wegeler in November 1800. - This change was made in me by my dear, charming girl who loves me and whom I love. I have bright moments again, and I come to the conviction that marriage can make a person happy.” Beethoven thought about marriage despite the fact that the girl belonged to an aristocratic family. But the composer in love consoled himself with the thought that he would give concerts, achieve independence, and then marriage would become possible.
He spent the summer of 1801 in Hungary on the estate of the Hungarian counts of Brunswick, relatives of Juliet's mother, in Korompa. The summer spent with his beloved was the happiest time for Beethoven.
At the peak of his feelings, the composer began to create a new sonata. The gazebo where, according to legend, Beethoven composed magical music, has survived to this day. In the homeland of the work, in Austria, it is known as “Garden House Sonata” or “Gazebo Sonata”.
Sonata started in state great love, delight and hope. Beethoven was sure that Juliet had the most tender feelings for him. Many years later, in 1823, Beethoven, then already deaf and communicating with the help of conversation notebooks, talking with Schindler, wrote: “I was very loved by her and more than ever, I was her husband...”
In the winter of 1801 - 1802, Beethoven completed the composition of a new work. And in March 1802, Sonata No. 14, which the composer called quasi una Fantasia, that is, “in the spirit of fantasy,” was published in Bonn with the dedication “Alla Damigella Contessa Giullietta Guicciardri” (“Dedicated to Countess Giulietta Guicciardi”).
The composer finished his masterpiece in anger, rage and extreme resentment: from the first months of 1802, the flighty coquette showed a clear preference for the eighteen-year-old Count Robert von Gallenberg, who was also fond of music and composed very mediocre musical opuses. However, to Juliet, Gallenberg seemed like a genius.
The composer conveys the entire storm of human emotions that was in Beethoven’s soul at that time in his sonata. This is grief, doubt, jealousy, doom, passion, hope, longing, tenderness and, of course, love.
Beethoven and Juliet separated. And even later, the composer received a letter. It was ending cruel words: “I am leaving a genius who has already won, to a genius who is still struggling for recognition. I want to be his guardian angel." It was a “double blow” - as a man and as a musician. In 1803, Giulietta Guicciardi married Gallenberg and left for Italy.
In mental turmoil in October 1802, Beethoven left Vienna and went to Heiligenstadt, where he wrote the famous “Heiligenstadt Testament” (October 6, 1802): “Oh, you people who think that I am evil, stubborn, ill-mannered, how do you they are unfair to me; you do not know the secret reason for what seems to you. In my heart and mind, since childhood, I have been predisposed to a tender sense of kindness, I have always been ready to accomplish great things. But just think that for six years now I have been in an unfortunate state... I am completely deaf..."
Fear and the collapse of hopes give rise to thoughts of suicide in the composer. But Beethoven gathered his strength and decided to start new life and in almost absolute deafness he created great masterpieces.
In 1821, Juliet returned to Austria and came to Beethoven’s apartment. Crying, she recalled the wonderful time when the composer was her teacher, talked about the poverty and difficulties of her family, asked to forgive her and help with money. Being a kind and noble man, the maestro gave her a significant amount, but asked her to leave and never appear in his house. Beethoven seemed indifferent and indifferent. But who knows what was going on in his heart, tormented by numerous disappointments.
“I despised her,” Beethoven recalled much later. “After all, if I wanted to give my life to this love, what would be left for the noble, for the highest?”
In the autumn of 1826, Beethoven fell ill. Grueling treatment and three complex operations could not get the composer back on his feet. All winter, without getting out of bed, completely deaf, he suffered because... he could not continue to work. On March 26, 1827, the great musical genius Ludwig van Beethoven died.
After his death, a letter “To the Immortal Beloved” was found in a secret wardrobe drawer (as Beethoven himself titled the letter): “My angel, my everything, my self... Why is there deep sadness where necessity reigns? Can our love survive only at the cost of sacrifice by refusing completeness? Can't you change the situation in which you are not entirely mine and I am not entirely yours? What a life! Without you! So close! So far! What longing and tears for you - you - you, my life, my everything...” Many will then argue about who exactly the message is addressed to. But a small fact points specifically to Juliet Guicciardi: next to the letter was kept a tiny portrait of Beethoven’s beloved, made by an unknown master, and the “Heiligenstadt Testament”.
Be that as it may, it was Juliet who inspired Beethoven to write his immortal masterpiece.
“The monument of love that he wanted to create with this sonata very naturally turned into a mausoleum. For a person like Beethoven, love could not be anything other than hope beyond the grave and sorrow, spiritual mourning here on earth” (Alexander Serov, composer and music critic).
The sonata “in the spirit of fantasy” was at first simply Sonata No. 14 in C sharp minor, which consisted of three movements - Adagio, Allegro and Finale. In 1832, the German poet Ludwig Relstab, one of Beethoven's friends, saw in the first part of the work an image of Lake Lucerne on a quiet night, with iridescence reflected from the surface moonlight. He suggested the name “Lunarium”. Years will pass, and the first measured part of the work: “Adagio of Sonata No. 14 quasi una fantasia” will become known to the whole world under the name “Moonlight Sonata”.
Beethoven's "Moonlight Sonata" is a work that has amazed the senses of mankind for more than two hundred years. What is the secret of popularity and unfading interest in this musical composition? Perhaps in the mood, in the feelings that a genius puts into his brainchild. And which, even through the notes, touches the soul of every listener.
The story of the creation of “Moonlight Sonata” is tragic, full of emotions and drama.
The appearance of "Moonlight Sonata"
The most famous composition appeared to the world in 1801. On the one hand, for the composer these times are the time of creative dawn: his musical creations are gaining more and more popularity, Beethoven’s talent is appreciated by the public, he is a desired guest of famous aristocrats. But the seemingly cheerful, happy man was tormented by deep emotions. The composer begins to lose his hearing. For a person who previously had amazingly subtle and accurate hearing, this was a huge shock. No medical treatment could cure musical genius from unbearable noise in the ears. Ludwig Van Beethoven tries not to upset his loved ones, hides his problem from them, and avoids public events.
But this hard times the composer's life will fill bright colors young student Juliet Guicciardi. Being in love with music, the girl played the piano beautifully. Beethoven could not resist the charm of the young beauty, her good nature - his heart was filled with love. And along with this great feeling, the taste of life returned. The composer goes out into the world again and again feels the beauty and joy of the world around him. Inspired by love, Beethoven begins work on an amazing sonata called “Sonata in the Spirit of Fantasy.”
But the composer's dreams of marriage, family life failed. Young frivolous Juliet turns on love relationship with Count Robert Gallenberg. The sonata, inspired by happiness, was completed by Beethoven in a state of deep melancholy, sadness and anger. The life of a genius after his beloved's betrayal has lost all taste, his heart is completely broken.
But despite this, the feelings of love, grief, longing from parting and despair from the unbearable physical suffering associated with the disease gave rise to an unforgettable work of art.
Why "Moonlight Sonata"?
This famous musical composition acquired the name “Moonlight Sonata” thanks to the composer’s friend Ludwig Relstab. The melody of the sonata inspired him with a picture of a lake with a quiet surface and a boat sailing under the languid light of the moon.