Pyotr Grinev lived in the Simbirsk village. He was taught everything by the stirrup Savilich, who was granted him the title of uncle. But Peter was also assigned a Frenchman, Beaupre, who was supposed to teach him. However, Beaupre was soon kicked out because he drank and molested women.
Peter himself was assigned to the Semenovsky regiment from birth, but at the age of 17, his father sent him to Orenburg instead of Petersburg to serve as an ordinary soldier.
Savelich was sent with him. And before leaving, his father told him the proverb “take care of your dress when it’s new, and your honor when you’re young.”
They arrived in Simbirsk. Savelich went shopping, and Peter stayed in the tavern. Then he went to the billiard room and met Zurin there. After drinking well, they started playing billiards for money. By the end of the day it turned out that Peter had lost 100 rubles. The next day, Savelich was dumbfounded that Peter managed to owe a hundred, but he gave the money back. Immediately after this they left the inn.
On the way, Peter made peace with Savelich. Then the driver warned them not to go further, the wind was starting to blow.
But this did not frighten Peter, and they set off across the steppe. A few hours later they were covered by a strong snowstorm and they got lost. Suddenly Peter saw a black spot and ordered to go to him. It turned out to be a man. He pointed to the right and said it smelled like smoke from there. That's where we went.
Peter had a dream that he was at home and his mother was meeting him. She says that her father is sick and she needs to go and say goodbye to him. Peter comes in and sees a bearded man in bed, to whom he must bow. But Petrusha refuses, and then the man takes out an ax and tries to hit Peter. The room fills with corpses, and Petrusha suddenly wakes up.
They came across a house. After spending the night, Petrusha ordered Savelich to give the conductor a hare sheepskin coat as gratitude. Savelich resisted at first, but still brought the sheepskin coat and gave it away.
The next day they arrived in Orenburg and Peter took his father’s letter to the old general. He read the letter and sent Peter to Belogorsk fortress serve under the command of Captain Mironov.
The Belogorsk fortress could not even be called a fortress. A stockade and a cannon are the whole defense. Peter ordered to be taken to the commander of the fortress. But I didn’t find him at home. Only his wife was there, who told him about Alexei Shvabrin, who was sent here for killing a lieutenant in a duel.
Waking up the next day, Peter wanted to go to the commander, but Shvabrin, with whom he became friends, showed up. Then the disabled man came and invited them to the captain for dinner. Shvabrin went with Peter. Approaching the house, they saw the captain commanding a detachment of cripples and disabled people, training them.
At dinner, Peter saw the captain's daughter, Masha. He also learned that the captain and his wife had been living here for a long time, and that the only cannon had not been fired for two years because Masha was afraid of shooting.
They lived peacefully in the fortress and soon Peter began to like this life. He became friends with the captain and his family. There was almost no work. Therefore, Peter began to read a lot and even write poetry. He wrote a poem to Masha and read it to Shvabrin. But instead of praise, I heard only ridicule. A duel was scheduled. Peter asked Ignatyich, a disabled man, to be his second.
The next day they were at seven for the stacks. Peter and Alexey were preparing to fight, but then Ignatyich appeared with the disabled people and took them to the captain. There they were scolded and sent home on dry rations.
Peter snuck into the captain's house and talked to Masha. He found out that Alexei was wooing her, but she refused him. Then it became clear why he spoke so poorly of her. The next day, Shvabrin came to Peter and called him to the vacant lot to fight. Thanks to Beaupre's lessons in fencing, Peter was able to fight calmly. But suddenly he heard his name and turned around. At that moment he felt a prick in his chest and fell unconscious.
Peter woke up on the 5th day and saw Masha Mironova in front of him. She was with him all this time. He was recovering quickly. Peter proposed to Masha, to which she agreed with one condition: that Petrusha’s parents approve of the marriage. Peter sent the letter. After some time, the father’s answer came. He strictly forbade Peter to marry and scolded him for his duel. Petrusha thought that it was Savelich who reported everything to his father and scolded the servant. But it turned out that Savelich was devoted to Peter like no other. Maria, having learned about her parents’ refusal, also opposed the marriage. Peter withdrew from everyone at home. He just went to work. But suddenly one event happened.
A document stating that rebels have appeared, led by Pugachev. An order was received to prepare for an attack by the rioters. They cleaned the old cannon and began to prepare the weapon. They sent a scout to a neighboring village to find out what happened. But upon his return, he himself was put under arrest.
They immediately caught a Bashkir who was delivering leaflets. The council decided to torture him, but nothing happened, because... The Bashkir did not have a tongue, ears or nose. Then they decided to prepare for battle, and send Masha away to Orenburg for safety.
In the morning Ignatyich came and said that they had seen rioters nearby. Peter asked if Masha had time to leave? But it was too late, the fortress was surrounded on all sides. Everyone gathered on the rampart, in front of the gate. Several horsemen rode up to the fortress and told them to surrender. Why they were shot at. The fortress was attacked. The army was shot from a cannon. They hit the center and the rioters stopped, but rushed with renewed vigor. The defenders went on the attack. But they were confused. The fortress fell.
The rebels began the trial of the vanquished. The captain, who refused to go over to the enemy’s side, was hanged along with Ignatyich. It was Peter's turn. Suddenly they heard the voice of Savelich, who begged Pugachev to have mercy on Petrusha. Peter was untied and released. The people began to swear allegiance to the new king. In one hut they found the captain's wife and a young Cossack killed her with a saber.
Peter went to look for Masha. It turned out that she was with the priest. Petrusha was scared, because Pugachev was there too. He quietly called the priest and asked what was wrong with Masha. She said that she was lying on the stove and was sick. But Pugachev did not touch her. Then Peter went home. Savelich was waiting for him near the house. He said that Pugachev was the guide to whom Peter gave a hare sheepskin coat.
After standing on the street for a while, one Cossack called out to Peter and said that Pugachev was calling him. When Peter arrived, he saw about 10 people together with Pugachev at the table. They all drank and sang songs. After everyone had left, a face-to-face conversation began. Pugachev asked whether Peter would go to his service and whether he believed that he was a real king? To which he replied that he did not believe him and would not go to service. Struck by such sincerity, Pugachev released Peter on all four sides. Peter came home, ate and went to bed in the hope of the next day
Pugachev went out onto the porch, in front of which everyone in the fortress had gathered. He started throwing coins around, and there was a fight. Then he jumped on his horse and was about to ride off, but Savelich approached him with a piece of paper. It turned out that this was a list of things that the rioters stole from Grinev. Pugachev threw the piece of paper in Savelich’s face and left.
The traitor Shvabrin remained in charge of the fortress. And Peter, having visited the sick Masha, decided to quickly go to Orenburg to warn everyone. Suddenly a Cossack galloped up to them with a horse and a sheepskin coat. Pugachev sent them. Savelich grumbled and they drove off.
Peter, approaching Orenburg, saw that it had begun to be fortified. He immediately went to the general of the fortress, to whom he told everything. He invited him to tea and a military council in the evening. At the council, only the general and Petrusha were among the military, the rest were simply officials. On it they decided what to do: defensively or offensively. Peter proposed attacking the Pugachev army. The officials insisted on acting in an attractive manner. But the general decided to stay outside the walls of the fortress and wait.
The long siege of Orenburg began. Pugachevo's army has increased 10 times since the capture of the Belogorsk fortress. The siege was long and boring. And in one of the forays, Peter met a Cossack from the Belogorsk fortress. He gave him a letter from Masha. It said that Shvabrin was forcibly trying to marry her, and she asked Peter to help her.
Peter went immediately to the general and asked him to give him a company of soldiers. But the general refused, saying that it was unreasonable. Then Peter decided to take a different action.
Peter got ready and galloped to the Belogorsk fortress, and Savelich tagged along with him. Peter was on a horse, and Savelich had a nag. Peter galloped through the patrol, fighting off the men, but Savelich was captured, then Peter rushed to help him out, but he was also caught. The men took them to Pugachev.
He immediately recognized Grinev and asked why he had visited him. Peter did not answer; by order of Pugachev, everyone left, except for two people: an old man with a blue ribbon and a red-haired man without a nose. They turned out to be Pugachev's advisers. Peter directly said that he was going to the fortress to save the girl from Shvabrin. But the advisers doubted the veracity of his words and said that Peter was an enemy spy. But Pugachev did not believe them, and they all sat down to dinner together. Afterwards, Peter was taken to the official hut, where Savelich was already there.
The next day, Pugachev, together with Grinev and Savelich, went to the Belogorodskaya fortress. Along the way, Pugachev told a fairy tale about a raven who lived for three hundred years and ate carrion, and an eagle who lived for thirty-three years and ate fresh blood.
Shvabrin met them at the fortress and was surprised that Peter was with Pugachev. Pugachev ordered to take him to the girl whom Alexey kept locked up. He tried to make excuses, but ultimately they found Masha and freed her. She was pale and half dead from hunger. Pugachev wanted to marry her to Peter, but Petrusha asked him to simply let them go free. To which Pugachev agreed.
Peter began to like Pugachev. He wanted to snatch him from this bandit environment and save him from punishment, but he could not. Masha said goodbye to her parents, to the fortress, to her friends, and they left this fortress forever.
They drove quickly because they had a pass signed by Pugachev, but they were stopped by a detachment of hussars, subordinate to the empress. The detachment was commanded by Zurin. The same Zurin to whom Peter lost 100 rubles in billiards. Peter explained to him what and how. To which he advised Peter to send Masha to her parents in the village, while he himself stayed and fought against the enemy. That's what Petrusha did.
When Masha left, Peter began to zealously fight the rebels, who fled at the sight of one army. They soon learned that Pugachev was defeated near Orenburg, but he again gathered an army and took Kazan and Simbirsk. A detachment with Peter was sent to search for Pugachev. Soon news came that Emelyan had been captured and would soon be executed. Peter was sad that Emelya was being executed.
He was glad to meet Masha soon, but on the day of departure he was arrested by order of higher authorities, who learned about his affairs with Pugachev.
Peter was put in prison and interrogated. They asked him why he was the only one left alive, although all the other officers of the fortress were killed. Peter told the whole truth. But when he was asked about Pugachev’s behavior at the Belogorsk fortress, Peter remained silent, afraid to mention Masha Mironova. The judges, who were already on Peter's side, did not like this very much. Then they called in Peter, who accused him of treason. It turned out to be Shvabrin. He was thin and sick. He talked about how Pugachev traveled with Peter to the fortresses, and added a lot of lies about Peter. Then Petrusha was put under arrest and was not summoned again.
Masha was received well at home. Peter's parents liked her for her kindness and purity. When the father learned about Peter’s arrest, he was outraged that an officer from a noble family was accused of helping a rebel.
Masha was going to St. Petersburg to somehow help Peter. She was able to get into the garden in which the empress was walking and there she met, as she thought, one of Elizabeth’s servants. She told her about Pyotr Grinev and said that he did not betray the empress. The next day Masha was called to the palace. She met the Empress, who turned out to be the lady walking in the garden. Elizabeth wrote a letter to Father Grinev and ordered Peter to be released.
It is also said that Peter was released and is now living in some province near some landowner in good health. This is where the story ends.
Updated: 2018-01-15
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Pyotr Grinev was born in the Simbirsk village (essay about him). His parents are Prime Major Andrei Petrovich Grinev and Avdotya Vasilievna Yu. Even before Peter was born, his father enrolled him in the Semenovsky regiment as a sergeant. The boy was on leave until the end of his studies, but it was conducted extremely poorly. The father hired Monsieur Beaupre to teach the young master French, German languages and other sciences. Instead, the man learned Russian with the help of Peter and then everyone began to do their own thing: the mentor - to drink and walk, and the child - to have fun. Later, the boy's father kicked Monsieur Beaupre out of the yard because he was pestering the maid. No new teachers were hired.
When Peter turned seventeen, his father decided that it was time for his son to enter the service. However, he was sent not to the St. Petersburg Semenovsky regiment, but to Orenburg, so that he could smell gunpowder and become a real man, instead of having fun in the capital. Stremyannaya Savelich (his characterization), who was granted the status of Peter's uncle when he was still a child, went with his ward. On the way we made a stop in Simbirsk to buy the necessary things. While the mentor was solving business issues and meeting with old friends, Peter met Ivan Zurin, the captain of the hussar regiment. The man began to teach the young man to be a military man: to drink and play billiards. After this, Peter returned to Savelich drunk, cursed the old man and greatly offended him. The next morning, the mentor began to lecture him and tried to persuade him not to give back the lost hundred rubles. However, Peter insisted on repaying the debt. Soon the two of them moved on.
Chapter 2: COUNSELOR
On the way to Orenburg, Pyotr Grinev was tormented by his conscience: he realized that he had behaved stupidly and rudely. The young man apologized to Savelich and promised that this would not happen again. The man replied that it was his own fault: he should not have left his ward alone. After Peter’s words, Savelich calmed down a little. Later, a snowstorm overtook the travelers and they lost their way. After some time we met a man who told us which way the village was. They drove off, and Grinev dozed off. He dreamed that he returned home, his mother said that his father was dying and wanted to say goodbye. However, when Peter came in to him, he saw that it was not his dad. Instead, there was a man with a black beard who looked at him cheerfully. Grinev was indignant, why on earth would he ask for a blessing from a stranger, but his mother ordered him to do so, saying that this was his imprisoned father. Peter did not agree, so the man jumped out of bed and waved his ax, demanding to accept the blessing. The room was filled with dead bodies. At that moment the young man woke up. Later, he connected many events of his life with this dream. After resting, Grinev decided to thank the guide and gave him his hare sheepskin coat against the will of Savelich.
After some time, the travelers arrived in Orenburg. Grinev immediately went to General Andrei Karlovich, who turned out to be tall, but already hunched over with old age. He had long white hair and a German accent. Peter gave him a letter, then they had lunch together, and the next day Grinev, by order, went to his place of service - to the Belogorsk fortress. The young man was still not happy that his father had sent him to such a wilderness.
Chapter 3: FORTRESS
Pyotr Grinev and Savelich arrived at the Belogorsk fortress, which did not inspire a warlike appearance. It was a frail village where disabled people and old people served. Peter met the inhabitants of the fortress: captain Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, his wife Vasilisa Egorovna, their daughter Masha and Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin (his image is described), transferred to this wilderness for murder in a duel with a lieutenant. The guilty soldier first came to Grinev - he wanted to see something new human face. At the same time, Shvabrin told Peter about the local inhabitants.
Grinev was invited to dinner with the Mironovs. They asked the young man about his family, talked about how they themselves came to the Belogorsk fortress, and Vasilisa Egorovna was afraid of the Bashkirs and Kyrgyzs. Masha (her detailed description) and until then she shuddered from gun shots, and when her father decided to fire a cannon on her mother’s name day, she almost died of fear. The girl was of marriageable age, but her dowry included only a comb, a broom, an altyn of money and bath accessories. Vasilisa Egorovna ( female images described) was worried that her daughter would remain an old maid, because no one would want to marry a poor woman. Grinev was prejudiced towards Masha, because before that Shvabrin had described her as a fool.
Chapter 4: DUEHL
Soon Pyotr Grinev got used to the inhabitants of the Belogorsk fortress, and he even liked life there. Ivan Kuzmich, who became an officer from the children of soldiers, was simple and uneducated, but honest and kind. His wife ruled the fortress as well as her own own home. Marya Ivanovna turned out to be not a fool at all, but a prudent and sensitive girl. The crooked garrison lieutenant Ivan Ignatyich did not at all enter into a criminal relationship with Vasilisa Yegorovna, as Shvabrin had said before. Because of such nasty things, communication with Alexei Ivanovich became less and less pleasant for Peter. The service did not burden Grinev. There were no inspections, no exercises, no guards in the fortress.
Over time, Peter liked Masha. He composed a love poem for her and let Shvabrina appreciate it. He strongly criticized the essay and the girl herself. He even slandered Masha, hinting that she visited him at night. Grinev was indignant, accused Alexei of lying, and the latter challenged him to a duel. At first the competition did not take place, because Ivan Ignatich reported the intentions of the young people to Vasilisa Yegorovna. Masha admitted to Grinev that Alexey was wooing her, but she refused. Later, Peter and Alexei fought a duel again. Because of Savelich’s sudden appearance, Grinev looked back, and Shvabrin stabbed him in the chest with a sword.
Chapter 5: LOVE
On the fifth day after the accident, Grinev woke up. Savelich and Masha were nearby all the time. Peter immediately confessed his feelings to the girl. At first she did not answer him, citing the fact that he was ill, but later gave her consent. Grinev immediately sent his parents a request for a blessing, but his father responded with a rude and decisive refusal. In his opinion, Peter had gone crazy. Grinev Sr. was also indignant about his son’s duel. He wrote that when he learned about this, his mother fell ill. The father said that he would ask Ivan Kuzmich to immediately transfer young man to another place.
The letter horrified Peter. Masha refused to marry him without the blessing of his parents, saying that then the young man would not be happy. Grinev was also angry with Savelich for interfering with the duel and reporting it to his father. The man was offended and said that he ran to Peter to shield Shvabrin from his sword, but old age got in the way, and he did not have time, and did not inform his father. Savelich showed his ward a letter from Grinev Sr., where he cursed because the servant did not report the duel. After this, Peter realized that he was mistaken and began to suspect Shvabrin of the denunciation. It was beneficial for him that Grinev be transferred from the Belogorsk fortress.
Chapter 6: PUGACHEVSHCHINA
At the end of 1773, Captain Mironov received a message about the Don Cossack Emelyan Pugachev (here is his name), who was posing as the late Emperor Peter III. The criminal gathered a gang and destroyed several fortresses. There was a possibility of an attack on Belogorskaya, so its inhabitants immediately began to prepare: to clean the cannon. After some time, they seized a Bashkir with outrageous sheets that foreshadowed an imminent attack. Torture did not work because his tongue was torn out.
When the robbers took the Nizhneozernaya fortress, capturing all the soldiers and hanging the officers, it became clear that the enemies would soon arrive at Mironov. For the sake of safety, my parents decided to send Masha to Orenburg. Vasilisa Egorovna refused to leave her husband. Peter said goodbye to his beloved, saying that his last prayer would be for her.
Chapter 7: ATTACK
In the morning the Belogorsk fortress was surrounded. Several traitors sided with Pugachev, and Marya Mironova did not have time to leave for Orenburg. The father said goodbye to his daughter, blessing her for marriage with the person who would be worthy. After the capture of the fortress, Pugachev hanged the commandant and, under the guise of Peter III, began to demand an oath. Those who refused suffered the same fate.
Peter saw Shvabrin among the traitors. Alexey said something to Pugachev, and he decided to hang Grinev without an offer to take the oath. When a noose was put around the young man's neck, Savelich convinced the robber to change his mind - a ransom could be obtained from the master's child. The mentor offered to hang himself instead of Peter. Pugachev spared both. Vasilisa Yegorovna, seeing her husband in the noose, started screaming, and she was also killed, hit on the head with a saber.
Chapter 8: UNINVITED GUEST
Pugachev and his comrades celebrated the capture of another fortress. Marya Ivanovna survived. Popadya Akulina Pamfilovna hid her at home and passed her off as her niece. The impostor believed. Having learned this, Peter calmed down a little. Savelich told him that Pugachev was the drunkard who met him on the way to his place of service. Grinev was saved by the fact that he then gave the robber his sheepskin coat. Peter was lost in thought: duty required him to go to a new place of service, where he could be useful to the Fatherland, but love tied him to the Belogorsk fortress.
Later, Pugachev called Peter to his place and once again offered to enter his service. Grinev refused, saying that he had sworn allegiance to Catherine II and could not take his words back. The impostor liked the honesty and courage of the young man, and he let him go on all four sides.
Chapter 9: SEPARATION
In the morning, Pyotr Grinev woke up to the beat of drums and went out to the square. Cossacks gathered near the gallows. Pugachev released Peter to Orenburg and told him to warn about the imminent attack on the city. Alexey Shvabrin was appointed the new head of the fortress. Grinev was horrified to hear this, because Marya Ivanovna was now in danger. Savelich decided to make a claim to Pugachev and demand compensation for damage. The impostor was extremely indignant, but did not punish him.
Before leaving, Peter went to say goodbye to Marya Ivanovna. From the stress she suffered, she developed a fever, and the girl lay delirious, not recognizing the young man. Grinev was worried about her and decided that the only way he could help was to quickly reach Orenburg and help liberate the fortress. When Peter and Savelich were walking along the road to the city, a Cossack caught up with them. He was on a horse and holding the second one in the reins. The man said that Pugachev gave Grinev a horse, a fur coat from his shoulder and a yard of money, but he lost the latter on the way. The young man accepted the gifts, and advised the man to find the lost funds and take them for vodka.
Chapter 10: SIEGE OF THE CITY
Pyotr Grinev arrived in Orenburg and reported to the general the military situation. A council was immediately convened, but everyone except the young man was in favor of not attacking, but waiting for an attack. The general agreed with Grinev, but stated that he could not risk the people entrusted to him. Then Peter remained waiting in the city, occasionally making forays beyond the walls against Pugachev’s people. The robbers were much better armed than the warriors of the legitimate government.
During one of his forays, Grinev met sergeant Maksimych from the Belogorsk fortress. He gave the young man a letter from Marya Mironova, who reported that Alexei Shvabrin was forcing her to marry him, otherwise he would reveal to Pugachev the secret that she was the captain’s daughter and not the niece of Akulina Pamfilovna. Grinev was horrified by Marya’s words and immediately went to the general with a repeated request to march on the Belogorsk fortress, but was again refused.
Chapter 11: REBEL SLOBODA
Finding no help from the legitimate authorities, Pyotr Grinev left Orenburg to personally teach Alexei Shvabrin a lesson. Savelich refused to leave his ward and went with him. On the way, the young man and the old man were caught by Pugachev’s people, and they took Peter to their “father.” The leader of the robbers lived in a Russian hut, which was called a palace. The only difference from ordinary houses was that it was covered with gold paper. Pugachev always kept two advisers with him, whom he called enarals. One of them is the fugitive corporal Beloborodov, and the second is an exiled criminal Sokolov, nicknamed Khlopushka.
Pugachev became angry with Shvabrin when he learned that he was hurting the orphan. The man decided to help Peter and was even happy to learn that Marya was his fiancée. The next day they went together to the Belogorsk fortress. Faithful Savelich again refused to leave the master's child.
Chapter 12: ORPHAN
Arriving at the Belogorsk fortress, the travelers met Shvabrin. He called Marya his wife, which seriously angered Grinev, but the girl denied this. Pugachev was angry with Alexei, but pardoned him, threatening to remember this offense if he committed another one. Shvabrin looked pathetic, kneeling. Nevertheless, he had the courage to reveal Marya’s secret. Pugachev’s face darkened, but he realized that he had been deceived in order to save an innocent child, so he forgave and released the lovers.
Pugachev left. Marya Ivanovna said goodbye to the graves of her parents, packed her things and went to Orenburg along with Peter, Palasha and Savelich. Shvabrin's face expressed gloomy anger.
Chapter 13: ARREST
The travelers stopped in a city not far from Orenburg. There Grinev met an old acquaintance Zurin, to whom he once lost a hundred rubles. The man advised Peter not to marry at all, because love is a whim. Grinev did not agree with Zurin, but understood that he had to serve the empress, so he sent Marya to her parents as a bride, accompanied by Savelich, and he himself decided to remain in the army.
After saying goodbye to the girl, Peter had fun with Zurin, and then they set out on a hike. At the sight of the troops of the legitimate government, the rebellious villages came into obedience. Soon, under the Tatishcheva fortress, Prince Golitsyn defeated Pugachev and liberated Orenburg, but the impostor gathered a new gang, took Kazan and marched on Moscow. Still, after some time, Pugachev was caught. The war is over. Peter received leave and was going to go home to his family and Marya. However, on the day of departure, Zurin received a letter with an order to detain Grinev and send him on guard to Kazan for the commission of inquiry into the Pugachev case. I had to obey.
Chapter 14: COURT
Pyotr Grinev was sure that he would not face serious punishment, and decided to tell everything as it is. However, the young man did not mention Marya Ivanovna’s name, so as not to involve her in this vile matter. The commission did not believe the young man and considered his father to be an unworthy son. During the investigation, it became known that the informer was Shvabrin.
Andrei Petrovich Grinev was horrified by the thought that his son was a traitor. The boy's mother was upset. Peter, only out of respect for his father, was spared execution and sentenced to exile in Siberia. Marya Ivanovna, whom the young man’s parents had fallen in love with, went to St. Petersburg. There, while walking, she met a noble lady, who, having learned that the girl was going to ask for favor from the Empress, listened to the story and said that she could help. Later it turned out that it was Catherine II herself. She pardoned Pyotr Grinev. Soon the young man and Marya Mironova got married, they had children, and Pugachev nodded to the young man before hanging in a noose.
MISSING CHAPTER
This chapter was not included in the final edition. Here Grinev is called Bulanin, and Zurin is called Grinev.
Peter pursued the Pugachevites, being in Zurin’s detachment. The troops found themselves near the banks of the Volga and not far from the Grinev estate. Peter decided to meet with his parents and Marya Ivanovna, so he went to them alone.
It turned out that the village was in a riot, and the young man’s family was in captivity. When Grinev entered the barn, the peasants locked him in with them. Savelich went to report this to Zurin. Meanwhile, Shvabrin arrived in the village and ordered the barn to be set on fire. Peter's father wounded Alexei, and the family was able to get out of the burning barn. At that moment, Zurin arrived and saved them from Shvabrin, the Pugachevites and the rebellious peasants. Alexei was sent to Kazan for trial, the peasants were pardoned, and Grinev Jr. went to suppress the remnants of the rebellion.
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We invite you to familiarize yourself with summary the story “The Captain's Daughter” by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, chapter by chapter.
"The Captain's Daughter", chapter 1: "Sergeant of the Guard", summary.
The central character of the story is Pyotr Grinev, on whose behalf the story is told.
Peter was the only surviving child in the family of a retired major; the other 8 children died in infancy. The barchuk’s teacher was “uncle” Savelich. Since this was not enough, the father hired a French hairdresser, Beaupre, for his son. The Frenchman was distinguished by immoral behavior, so he was soon kicked out of the house.
When Peter turned 17, his father, taking advantage of his officer connections, sent his son to serve in Orenburg. Savelich accompanied the barchuk. The young man, who dreamed of a regiment in the capital, was very upset.
On the way to Orenburg, Peter met Zurin's captain, who taught him to play billiards. Grinev lost 100 rubles. Savelich opposed such a ruinous loss. The young master insisted on his own, and the servant had to obey.
“The Captain’s Daughter”, chapter 2: “Counselor”, summary.
Ashamed of his action, Peter promises the valet that this will not happen again.
On the way, Grinev is overtaken by a snowstorm. But Peter decides to continue on his way. As a result, the travelers got lost. They were in danger of death from the frost, but, fortunately for the young master, a stranger in a thin army coat who appeared among the snowdrifts helped them find the right path.
On the way, Grinev sees a prophetic dream: the mother, meeting her son in the house, says that the father is dying. Peter enters the upper room, but instead of his parent he sees the stranger with a thick beard who led him to the right road, and his mother calls him her sworn husband. In a dream, a man tries to give his “father’s” blessing to Grinev, but Peter does not accept this. Then the stranger grabs an ax. Blood spills throughout the room and corpses appear, but Peter remains unharmed.
When Grinev and Savelich arrive at the hotel, a frozen bearded stranger asks to treat him to wine, which Peter does. During the meal, Grinev notices that the man and the hotel owner are speaking strangely to each other, using thieves' slang.
Leaving, Grinev gives the stranger a hare sheepskin coat, thanking him for saving him. In response, the bearded man bowed, promising that he would not forget the master’s mercy.
Having reached Orenburg, Peter’s colleague Grinev Sr. sends him to the Belogorsk fortress. This appointment upset Grinev even more.
“The Captain's Daughter”, chapter 3: “Fortress”, summary.
Ivan Kuzmich Mironov is the commandant of the garrison in Belogorsk. But in fact, the fortress, more like a village, was ruled by the captain, Vasilisa Egorovna.
The Mironovs are ordinary Russian people, sincere and not arrogant, so they treated the young man with affection and liked Grinev. He was unable to meet the couple’s daughter, Masha, upon arrival.
Grinev met Alexei Shvabrin, a lieutenant exiled to the wilderness for a duel.
The caustic and cynical Shvabrin speaks unkindly about the Mironovs’ daughter, calling her a fool. But when Peter meets Masha personally, he has to doubt the opinion imposed by his friend.
“The Captain's Daughter”, chapter 4: “Duel”, summary.
Gradually, Grinev becomes friendly with the Mironovs, moving away from Shvabrin. Masha, a homeless woman, seems charming to Peter, and he falls in love. Shvabrin's caustic ridicule does not detract from his ardor - in the evenings the young man writes poetry for the girl.
Shvabrin ridiculed the lyrics of his colleague, and also insulted the commandant’s daughter, telling Peter that the girl would come to share the bed with anyone who would give her at least earrings.
The young people quarreled, Shvabrin proposed a duel.
When Vasilisa Egorovna found out about this, she scolded the officers, and they pretended to make peace and postpone the fight. Masha told Grinev that Shvabrin’s anger was explained by his failed matchmaking with her.
Quite strong in fencing, Peter (for which you can kind words remember the Frenchman Beaupré) almost drove Shvabrin into the river, but was distracted by Savelich’s cry. Shvabrin will dishonorably attack and wound him below the right shoulder.
“The Captain's Daughter”, chapter 5: “Love”, summary.
Peter spent five days without memory.
The wounded Grinev was nursed by both Savelich and Masha. As a result, the young people realized that they loved each other. The young man sent a letter to his parents, asking for blessings for the marriage.
In response, a letter of refusal came - the parents found out about their son’s duel and threatened to transfer him from the fortress to another place. Meanwhile, Grinev and Shvabrin have reconciled, although Peter understands that only a rival could inform his father about this.
Grinev proposed to his beloved to get married, but she does not agree to go against the will of his parents. .
His lover's refusal was a heavy blow for the young man. For some time their relationship becomes outwardly cool. Grinev is afraid that sadness will push him onto the path of debauchery.
“The Captain’s Daughter”, chapter 6: “Pugachevism”, summary.
1773 Mironov reads a notice from the general to the officers: Emelyan Pugachev, calling himself Tsar Peter III, with his gang raised the peasants to revolt. It was ordered to prepare the fortress for attack.
Captain Mironov did not have to think about victory, having only four guardsmen and army “invalids” on his staff. The neighboring fortresses had already fallen, their garrisons executed.
The commandant decides to send his daughter and wife to Orenburg. But Vasilisa Egorovna refuses to leave. Masha, ready for the journey, says goodbye to Peter, but does not have time to leave.
“The Captain's Daughter”, chapter 7: “Attack”, summary.
Pugachev's army approaches the fortress. The constable and several Cossacks had already joined the rebels. The rebel offered to surrender without a fight. Mironov does not agree and orders Masha to change into a commoner and hide in the priest’s house.
The rebels break into the fortress. Pugachev orders those who did not swear allegiance to the “tsar” to be hanged. Grinev is ready to die honestly at the hands of bandits, noticing that Shvabrin, dressed in a Cossack caftan, is walking among the robbers.
The situation is saved by Savelich, who throws himself at Pugachev’s feet and prays for the master. To Peter's surprise, Pugachev lets him go.
Soldiers and civilians forced to take an oath of allegiance to the “king”. After the ceremony, Pugachev decides to have lunch. At that moment, the Cossacks, looting houses, dragged the screaming and undressed Vasilisa Yegorovna out into the street. Seeing her husband's body on the gallows, she burst out with curses towards the robbers, for which she received a blow with a saber and fell dead.
"The Captain's Daughter", chapter 8: "Uninvited Guest", summary.
Grinev worries about Masha, realizing that the girl will not be happy if the rebels find out who she is. Most of all, he is worried about Shvabrin, who went over to the side of the enemy. Pugachev and his gang went to feast precisely at the priest’s house, where Masha was hidden.
Savelich asked if Grinev recognized his guide as a bandit, to whom he gave the sheepskin coat - Peter remembered the man.
The young man was summoned to Pugachev. The rebel also recognized him as the lost traveler from whom he received the sheepskin coat. Remembering Peter's good deed, Pugachev frees him.
“The Captain's Daughter”, chapter 9: “Separation”, summary.
In the morning, in front of witnesses, Pugachev sent Grinev on an errand to Orenburg. Savelich tried to return the loot, to which he received the answer that he himself would be allowed to go to the sheepskin coat if he was rude.
Grinev and Savelicha left Belogorsk. On the way, the robber Pugachev caught up with them, informing them that “His Majesty” had granted them a horse, a sheepskin coat and half a dime, although he did not give the latter, saying that he had lost it.
Shvabrin is appointed as the new commandant of the fortress... Masha remains completely in his power, and the girl becomes delirious from the realization of this.
“The Captain’s Daughter”, chapter 10: “Siege of the City”, summary.
Having reached Orenburg, Peter reported to his superiors about Pugachev’s outrages in the Mironov fortress. At the council, all the officers, with the exception of Grinev, decide to defend themselves and not attack the bandits.
Orenburg is besieged by rebels.
Peter makes forays behind enemy lines and through one of the Cossacks receives news from Masha. The girl reports that Shvabrin demands her consent to marriage, threatening to give her to the rebels otherwise.
Grinev asks the general for help, but receives a negative answer. Then the young man decides to act alone.
“The Captain’s Daughter”, chapter 11: “Rebel Settlement”, summary.
Before reaching Belogorsk, Grinev is captured by the rebels.
Pugachev asks him where he was going alone, and Peter honestly tells everything as it is. Pugachev's advisers want to execute the young officer, but the robber again pardons him.
Pugachev decides to take part in Peter’s fate and marry him to Masha.
On the way to Belogorsk, they talk, the rebel admits that he plans to march on Moscow. Peter feels sorry for Pugachev and assures him that it is better to give up. But the rebel understands that there is no turning back for him, and talks about a raven that fed on carrion for 300 years, and a blood-drinking eagle that dies at 33 years old.
“The Captain’s Daughter”, chapter 12: “Orphan”, summary.
Shvabrin holds Masha captive only on bread and water. He did not want to give Masha to Pugachev, but he had to give in to the rebel’s threats.
Shvabrin reveals Masha’s secret - she is the daughter of the commandant who refused to swear allegiance to the new “tsar”.
The rebellious leader flies into a rage, but Peter manages to soften the man’s heart. And again, Pugachev remains favorable to the young man and his beloved, allowing them to get away in all 4 directions.
"The Captain's Daughter", chapter 13: "Arrest", summary.
Grinev receives a pass from Pugachev. The young people hastily go to Peter's native estate.
Accidentally confusing an army convoy with rioters, they are arrested. But the head of the outpost, Zurin, a sign of Grinev, recognizes him. As a result, Peter remains with him, and Masha and Savelich go to their parents.
The guard defeated the bandit gang. Pugachev could not be caught. Zurin's detachment is forced to suppress a new outbreak of rebels. Grinev watches as the guards ravage the villages.
Soon news came that Pugachev had been caught. Peter is waiting for permission to go home, but instead he is arrested and sent to Kazan in the Pugachev case.
“The Captain's Daughter”, chapter 14: “Court”, summary.
The arrested Shvabrin accuses Peter of allegedly being Pugachev’s spy. The young man realized that it was impossible to make excuses for his beloved and save her honor, otherwise she, too, would fall under suspicion. As a result, Peter was found guilty and sentenced first to death, then it was replaced with exile to Siberia.
Masha went to St. Petersburg. In Tsarskoye Selo she managed to meet Catherine by chance. Speaking to the stranger and not knowing who she was, Masha told her the story of the groom. Soon she was called to the palace. There the captain's daughter recognized her morning acquaintance in Catherine II.
The Empress ordered the officer to be acquitted and returned from hard labor, promising Masha to ensure her well-being.
Before the execution, Pugachev managed to notice Peter in the crowd and nodded to him.
Returning home, Grinev married Masha. In their house there is a letter from the empress, who praises the son of Andrei Grinev for his courage and the daughter of Captain Mironov for her intelligence and kind heart.
The basis of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin’s novel “The Captain’s Daughter,” conceived in 1833, was based on materials about the Pugachev rebellion. And this is quite justified, because the author was then working on the historical essay “The History of Pugachev.” Alexander Sergeevich managed to collect unique material about these events thanks to a trip to the Urals, where he had the opportunity to communicate with living Pugachevites and record their stories.
Just as at that time, almost two hundred years ago, this work will be of interest to the reader now.
The main characters of the novel:
Petr Andreevich Grinev
Petr Andreevich Grinev- a sixteen-year-old youth, the son of retired Prime Major Grinev, whom his father sent to military service to the Orenburg fortress. By the will of fate I found myself in Belgorod fortress, where he fell in love with the daughter of captain Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, Maria Ivanovna. Pyotr Andreevich is a decent man, intolerant of meanness and betrayal, selfless, striving at all costs to protect his bride at a time when she falls into the hands of the traitor Shvabrin, an evil and terrible man. To do this, he risks his life and gets involved with the rebel Emelyan Pugachev, although he does not even allow the thought of betrayal and, like Shvabrin, to go over to the side of the enemy and swear allegiance to the impostor. Distinctive feature Grineva - the ability to be grateful for goodness. At the moment of obvious danger threatening from Pugachev, he shows wisdom and wins over the robber.
Emelyan Pugachev
Emelyan Pugachev - the controversial image of the chieftain of a gang of robbers who rebelled against the nobles, will not leave any of the readers indifferent. It is known from history that this real personality, Don Cossack, leader of the peasant war, the most famous of the impostors who posed as Peter III. During Grinev’s first meeting with Pugachev, he sees that the rebel’s appearance is not remarkable: a forty-year-old man, broad-shouldered, thin, with darting eyes, and a pleasant, albeit roguish, expression.
Cruel and stern, dealing without mercy with generals and those who do not want to swear allegiance to him, Pugachev, however, during the third meeting with Grinev reveals himself as a man who wants to give mercy to whomever he wants (of course, it is clear that he has played too much at the sovereign ). Emelyan is even dependent on the opinions of his entourage, although, contrary to the advice of those close to him, he does not want to execute Peter and acts for his own reasons. He understands that his game is dangerous, but it is too late to repent. After the rebel was caught, he was subjected to a well-deserved death penalty.
Maria Ivanovna Mironova
Maria Ivanovna Mironova is the daughter of the captain of the Belogorod fortress, Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, a kind, pretty, meek and modest girl, capable of loving passionately. Her image is the personification of high morality and purity. Thanks to the dedication of Masha, who wanted at all costs to save her beloved from lifelong shame due to imaginary betrayal, her beloved Peter returned home completely justified. And this is not surprising, because kind girl I sincerely told Catherine the Second the real truth.
Alexey Shvabrin
Alexey Shvabrin is the complete opposite of Pyotr Grinev in actions and character. A cunning, mocking and evil person who knows how to adapt to circumstances, he achieves his goal through deception and slander. A stab in the back during a duel with Grinev, going over to the side of the rebel Pugachev after the capture of the Belogorodskaya fortress, mockery of poor orphan Masha, who never wanted to become his wife, reveal true face Shvabrina is a very low and vile person.
Minor characters
Andrey Petrovich Grinev- Peter's father. Strict with his son. Not wanting to look for easy ways for him, at the age of sixteen he sends the young man to serve in the army, and by the will of fate he ends up in the Belogorodskaya fortress.
Ivan Kuzmich Mironov- captain of the Belogorodskaya fortress, where the events of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter” unfold. Kind, honest and faithful, devoted to the Fatherland, who wished better to die than to break the oath.
Vasilisa Egorovna- the wife of Captain Mironov, kind and thrifty, who was always aware of all events in the fortress. She died from the saber of a young Cossack on the threshold of her house.
Savelich- a serf of the Grinevs, assigned to Petrusha since childhood, a devoted servant, an honest and decent person, ready to always help and protect the young man in everything. Thanks to Savelich, who stood up in time for young master, Pugachev did not execute Peter.
Ivan Ivanovich Zuev- the captain who beat Petrusha in Simbirsk and demanded a debt of one hundred rubles. Having met Pyotr Andreevich for the second time, he persuaded the officer to serve in his detachment.
Broadsword- Serf of the Mironovs. The girl is lively and brave. Fearlessly strives to help his owner, Maria Ivanovna.
Chapter one. Sergeant of the Guard
In the first chapter, Pyotr Grinev talks about his childhood. His father, Andrei Petrovich Grinev, was a prime major, and since he retired, he settled in Siberian village and married Avdotya Vasilyevna Yu, the daughter of a poor nobleman, who gave birth to nine children. Many of them did not survive, and Peter himself, from his mother’s womb, was “enlisted in the Semenovsky regiment as a sergeant, by the grace of the Major of the Guard, Prince B...”.
Grinev’s childhood was at first unremarkable: until the age of twelve, Petya was under the supervision of Savelich, learning to read and write in Russian; then the father hired the French hairdresser Beaupre for the boy, but the lessons with him did not last long. For drunkenness and indecent behavior, the priest kicked out the Frenchman, and from then on the child was partially left to his own devices. However, from the age of sixteen, the fate of Pyotr Grinev changed dramatically.
“It’s time for him to serve,” his father once said. And then, writing a letter to Andrei Karlovich R., his old comrade, and gathering his son, he sent him to Orenburg (instead of St. Petersburg, where the young man was supposed to go serve in the guard). Petya didn’t like such a drastic change in circumstances, but there was nothing he could do: he had to come to terms with it. The servant Savelich was ordered to look after him. On the way, stopping at a tavern where there was a billiard room, Peter met Ivan Ivanovich Zurin, captain of the hussar regiment. At first, it would seem, their friendship began to grow stronger, but due to his inexperience, the young man succumbed to the persuasion of his new acquaintance and lost a hundred rubles to him, and besides, he also drank a lot of punch, which greatly upset the servant. The money had to be given back, much to Savelich’s displeasure. 
Chapter two. Counselor
Peter felt guilty and was looking for an opportunity to make peace with Savelich. After talking with the servant and relieving his soul, the young man promised to behave smarter in the future, but still it was a pity for the money thrown away.
A storm was approaching, as was foreshadowed by a small cloud. The coachman offered to return back to avoid severe bad weather, but Peter did not agree and ordered to go faster. The consequence of such recklessness on the part of the young man was that they were overtaken by a blizzard. Suddenly, in the distance, the travelers saw a man, and, having caught up with him, they asked how to get onto the road. Having sat down in the wagon, the traveler began to assure that there was a village nearby, because there was a whiff of smoke. Heeding the stranger’s advice, the coachman, Savelich and Peter went where he said. Grinev dozed off and suddenly saw an unusual dream, which he later considered prophetic.
Peter dreamed that he returned to his estate, and his sad mother reported that his father was seriously ill. She brought her son to the sick bed so that dad would bless him before his death, but instead the young man saw a man with a black beard. “This is your imprisoned father; kiss his hand, and may he bless you...” Mom insisted, but since Peter never wanted to agree, the black-bearded man suddenly jumped up and began swinging the ax left and right.
Many people died, dead bodies were lying everywhere, and the terrible man kept calling the young man to come under his blessing. Peter was very frightened, but suddenly he heard Savelich’s voice: “We’ve arrived!” They found themselves at an inn and entered a clean, bright room. While the owner was fussing about the tea, the future soldier asked where their counselor was. “Here,” suddenly answered a voice from the floor. But when the owner started an allegorical conversation with him (as it turned out, telling jokes about the affairs of the Yaitsky army), Peter listened to him with interest. Finally, everyone fell asleep.
The next morning the storm subsided, and the travelers began to get ready for the road again. The young man wanted to thank the counselor by giving him a hare sheepskin coat, but Savelich objected. However, Peter showed persistence, and the tramp soon became the happy owner of a good-quality, warm thing from the master's shoulder.
Arriving in Orenburg, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev appeared before the general, who knew his father well and therefore treated the young man favorably. Having decided that there was nothing for him to do in Orenburg, he decided to transfer him as an officer to the *** regiment and send him to the Belogorod fortress, to Captain Mironov, an honest and good man. This upset the young soldier, because he was going to learn discipline in an even greater wilderness.
We bring to your attention where strong and extraordinary personalities are described, within each of which a conflict is brewing, which inevitably leads to tragic consequences.
Chapter three. Fortress
The Belogorsk fortress, located forty miles from Orenburg, contrary to Peter’s expectations, was an ordinary village. The commandant's office turned out to be a wooden house. The young man entered the hallway, then into the house, and saw an old woman in a headscarf sitting by the window. She introduced herself as the hostess. Having learned the reason why Peter came to them, the grandmother consoled him: “And you, father, do not be sad that you were sent to our outback... If you endure it, you will fall in love...”
Thus began for a sixteen-year-old boy new life. The next morning he met Shvabrin, a young man exiled to the Belogorsk fortress for a duel. He turned out to be witty and far from stupid.
When Vasilisa Yegorovna invited Pyotr Andreevich to dinner, the new comrade followed him. During the meal the conversation flowed peacefully, the hostess asked many questions. We touched on different topics. It turned out that Masha, the captain's daughter, is very timid, unlike her brave mother. Grinev had conflicting feelings about her, because at first Shvabrin described the girl as stupid.
Chapter Four. Duel
Days passed, and the new life in the Belogorodskaya fortress seemed to Peter, to some extent, even pleasant. Every time he dined with the commandant, he became better acquainted with Maria Ivanovna, but Shvabrin’s caustic remarks about this or that person ceased to be perceived with the same cheerfulness.
One day Pyotr Andreevich shared his new poem about Masha with his friend (in the fortress he sometimes did creative work), but unexpectedly he heard a lot of criticism. Shvabrin literally ridiculed every line written by Grinev, and it is not surprising that a serious quarrel arose between them, threatening to develop into a duel. The desire for a duel nevertheless took hold in the hearts of the former comrades, but, fortunately, the dangerous plan was prevented by Ivan Ignatievich, who arrived in time to the place of the appointed duel.
However, the first attempt was followed by another, especially since Grinev already knew the reason why Shvabrin treated Masha so badly: it turns out that last year he wooed her, but the girl refused. Fueled by a feeling of extreme hostility towards Alexei Ivanovich, Peter agreed to a duel. This time everything ended worse: Grinev was wounded in the back.
We bring to your attention the poem by A.S. Pushkin, which combines the story of the fate of an ordinary resident of St. Petersburg, who suffered during the flood, Eugene and historical and philosophical reflections on the state...
Chapter Five. Love
The young man lay unconscious for five days, and when he woke up, he saw an alarmed Savelich and Maria Ivanovna in front of him. Suddenly, Grinev was so overcome by love for the girl that he felt extraordinary joy, all the more convinced that Masha harbored reciprocal feelings. The young people dreamed of linking their destinies, but Peter was afraid not to receive his father’s blessing, although he tried to write him a convincing letter.
Youth took its toll, and Peter began to recover quickly. Positive role The joyful mood that the hero of the novel now experienced every day also played a role. Being not vindictive by nature, he made peace with Shvabrin.
But suddenly the happiness was darkened by news from the father, who not only did not consent to the marriage, but scolded his son for unreasonable behavior and threatened to petition to be transferred away from the Belogorodsk fortress.
In addition, the mother, having learned about the injury of her only son, went to bed, which upset Peter even more. But who reported him? How did the father know about the duel with Shvabrin? These thoughts haunted Grinev, and he began to blame Savelich for everything, but he, in his defense, showed a letter in which Peter’s father showered him with rude expressions for concealing the truth.
Maria Ivanovna, having learned about her father’s categorical reluctance to bless them, resigned herself to fate, but began to shun Grinev. But he completely lost heart: he stopped going to the commandant, holed up in the house, and even lost the desire to read and talk of any kind. But then new events occurred that influenced the whole later life Peter Andreevich.
Chapter six. Pugachevshchina
In this chapter, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev describes the situation in the Orenburg province at the end of 1773. During that turbulent time, disturbances broke out in various places, and the government took strict measures to suppress riots on the part of the wild peoples inhabiting the province. Trouble also reached the Belogorodskaya fortress. That day, all the officers were urgently summoned to the commandant, who told them important news about the threat of an attack on the fortress by the rebel Emelyan Pugachev and his gang. Ivan Kuzmich sent his wife and daughter to visit the priest in advance, and locked his maid Palashka in a closet during a secret conversation. When Vasilisa Yegorovna returned, at first she could not find out from her husband what really happened. However, seeing how Ivan Ignatievich was preparing the cannon for battle, she guessed that someone might attack the fortress and cunningly found out information about Pugachev from him.
Then harbingers of trouble began to appear: a Bashkir, captured with outrageous letters, who at first they wanted to flog in order to obtain information, but, as it turned out later, not only his ears and nose were cut off, but also his tongue; An alarming message from Vasilisa Yegorovna that the Nizheozernaya fortress had been taken, the commandant and all the officers had been hanged, and the soldiers were in captivity.
Peter was very worried about Maria Ivanovna and her mother, who were in danger, and therefore offered to hide them for a while in the Orenburg fortress, but Vasilisa Egorovna was categorically against leaving home. Masha, whose heart was aching from the sudden separation from her beloved, was hastily prepared for the journey. The girl, sobbing, said goodbye to Peter.
Chapter seven. Attack
Unfortunately, the alarming forecasts came true - and now Pugachev and his gang began to attack the fortress. All roads to Orenburg were cut off, so Masha did not have time to evacuate. Ivan Kuzmich, anticipating his imminent death, blessed his daughter and said goodbye to his wife. The fierce rebels rushed into the fortress and captured the officers and commandant. Ivan Kuzmich, as well as lieutenant Ivan Ignatievich, who did not want to swear allegiance to Pugachev, who was posing as a sovereign, were hanged on the gallows, but Grinev was saved from death thanks to the kind and faithful Savelich. The old man begged the “father” for mercy, suggesting that it would be better to hang him, but to let the master’s child go. Peter was released. Ordinary soldiers swore allegiance to Pugachev. Vasilisa Yegorovna, who was dragged naked from the commandant’s house, began to cry out for her husband, cursing the escaped convict, and died from the saber of a young Cossack.
Chapter eight. Uninvited Guest
Alarmed by the unknown about Masha’s fate, Pyotr Andreevich entered the commandant’s destroyed house, but saw only a frightened Broadsword, who reported that Maria Ivanovna was hidden with the priest, Akulina Pamfilovna.
This news excited Grinev even more, because Pugachev was there. He rushed headlong to the priest's house and, entering the vestibule, saw the Pugachevites feasting. Quietly asking Pasha to call Akulina Pamfilovna, he asked the priest about Masha’s condition.
“He’s lying, my dear, on my bed...” she answered and said that Pugachev, when he heard Masha’s moan, began to wonder who was behind the partition. Akulina Pamfilovna had to come up with a story on the spot about her niece, who had been ill for two weeks. Pugachev wanted to look at her, but no amount of persuasion helped. But, fortunately, everything worked out. Even Shvabrin, who had gone over to the side of the rebels and was now feasting with Pugachev, did not betray Maria.
A little reassured, Grinev came home, and there Savelich surprised him by informing him that Pugachev was none other than a tramp they met on the way to Orenburg, to whom Pyotr Andreevich gave a hare sheepskin coat.
Suddenly one of the Cossacks came running and said that the ataman demanded Grinev to come to him. I had to obey, and Peter went to the commandant’s house, where Pugachev was. The conversation with the impostor evoked conflicting feelings in the young man’s soul: on the one hand, he understood that he would never swear allegiance to the newly-minted ataman, on the other hand, he could not expose himself to the risk of death by calling himself a deceiver to his face. Meanwhile, Emelyan was waiting for an answer. "Listen; I’ll tell you the whole truth,” the young officer spoke. - Think about it, can I recognize you as a sovereign? You are a smart man: you would see for yourself that I am deceitful.”
Who am I, in your opinion?
- God knows you; but whoever you are, you are telling a dangerous joke..."
In the end, Pugachev gave in to Peter's request and agreed to let him go. 
Chapter Nine. Parting
Pugachev generously released Grinev to Orenburg, ordering him to inform him that he would be there in a week, and appointed Shvabrin as the new commander. Suddenly Savelich handed the chieftain a piece of paper and asked him to read what was written there. It turns out that they were talking about the property of the commandant’s house plundered by the Cossacks and about compensation for damage, which angered Pugachev. However, this time he pardoned Savelich. And before leaving, Grinev decided to visit Maria again and, entering the priest’s house, he saw that the girl was unconscious, suffering from a severe fever. Anxious thoughts haunted Peter: how to leave a defenseless orphan in the midst of evil rebels. It was especially depressing that Shvabrin, who could cause harm to Masha, became the new commander of the impostors. With pain in his heart, tormented by strong emotions, the young man said goodbye to the one whom in his soul he already considered his wife.
On the way to Orenburg, a traitorous constable overtook him and Savelich, informing him that “his father favors a horse and a fur coat from his shoulder,” and even half a sum of money (which he lost along the way). And although the sheepskin coat was not worth even half of what was plundered by the villains, Peter still accepted such a gift.
Chapter ten. Siege of the city
So, Grinev and Savelich arrived in Orenburg. The sergeant, having learned that those who had arrived were from the Belogorodskaya fortress, led them to the house of the general, who turned out to be a good-natured old man. From a conversation with Peter, he learned about the terrible death of Captain Mironov, about the death of Vasilisa Yegorovna and that Masha remained with the priest.
A few hours later, a military council began, at which Grinev was present. When they began to discuss how to act in relation to criminals - defensively or offensively, only Peter expressed a firm opinion that it was necessary to decisively confront the villains. The rest were inclined to a defensive position.
The siege of the city began, as a result of which hunger and misfortune raged. Grinev was worried about the unknown about the fate of his beloved girl. And here in once again Having gone to the enemy’s camp, Peter unexpectedly encountered the constable Maksimych, who gave him a letter from Maria Ivanovna. The news where the poor orphan asked to protect her from Shvabrin, who was forcibly forcing her to marry him, infuriated Peter. He rushed headlong into the general's house, asking for soldiers to quickly clear the Belogorodskaya fortress, but finding no support, he decided to act on his own.
Chapter Eleven. Rebel settlement
Peter and Savelich rush to the Belogorodskaya fortress, but on the way they are surrounded by rebels and taken to their chieftain. Pugachev is again favorable to Grinev. After listening to Pyotr Andreevich’s request to free Masha from Shvabrin’s hands, he decides to go to the fortress. On the way they have a conversation. Grinev persuades Pugachev to surrender to the mercy of the empress, but he objects: it’s too late to repent...
Chapter twelve. Orphan
Contrary to Shvabrin’s assurances that Maria Ivanovna was ill, Pugachev ordered him to be taken to her room. The girl was in a terrible state: she was sitting on the floor, in a torn dress, with disheveled hair, pale, thin. Nearby stood a jug of water and a loaf of bread. Emelyan began to be indignant at Shvabrin for deceiving him by calling Masha his wife, and then the traitor revealed a secret: the girl was not the niece of the priest, but the daughter of the deceased Mironov. This angered Pugachev, but not for long. Grinev managed to justify himself here, too, because, having learned the truth, the impostor’s people would have killed the defenseless orphan. In the end, to great joy Peter, Emelyan allowed him to take the bride. We decided to go to the village to visit our parents, because it was impossible to either stay here or go to Orenburg. 
Chapter thirteen. Arrest
In anticipation of long happiness, Pyotr Andreevich set off on the road with his beloved. Suddenly a crowd of hussars surrounded them with terrible abuse, confusing them with Pugachev’s traitors. The travelers were arrested. Having learned about the impending danger of the prison, where the major ordered him to be imprisoned and the girl personally brought to him, Grinev rushed to the porch of the hut and boldly entered the room, where, to his surprise, he saw Ivan Ivanovich Zuev. When the situation became clearer, and everyone realized that Maria was not Pugachev’s gossip at all, but the daughter of the late Mironov, Zuev came out and apologized to her.
After some persuasion on the part of Ivan Ivanovich, Grinev decided to stay in his detachment, and send Maria with Savelich to her parents in the village, handing over a covering letter.
So Pyotr Andreevich began to serve in Zuev’s detachment. The pockets of uprising that broke out in places were soon suppressed, but Pugachev was not caught immediately. More time passed before the impostor was neutralized. The war ended, but, alas, Grinev’s dreams of seeing his family did not come true. Suddenly, like a bolt from the blue, a secret order came to arrest him.
Chapter fourteen. Court
Although Grinev, who, according to Shvabrin’s denunciation, was considered a traitor, could easily justify himself to the commission, he did not want to involve Maria Ivanovna in this situation, and therefore kept silent about the real reason sudden departure from the Orenburg fortress and meeting with Pugachev.
Maria, meanwhile, was warmly received by Peter's parents and sincerely explained why their son had been arrested, refuting any idea of treason. However, a few weeks later the priest received a letter saying that Pyotr Grinev was sentenced to exile and would be sent to eternal settlement. This news was a big blow for the family. And then Maria decided to go to St. Petersburg and personally explain the situation, meeting with the Empress, Catherine the Second. Fortunately, the girl’s plan was a success, and providence contributed to this. On an autumn morning, already in St. Petersburg, she got into conversation with a lady of about forty and told her about the reason for her arrival, not even suspecting that the Empress herself was in front of her. Sincere words in defense of the one who risked his life for the sake of his beloved, touched the empress, and she, convinced of Grinev’s innocence, gave the order to release him. The happy lovers soon reunited their destinies. Pugachev was overtaken by a well-deserved execution. Standing on the scaffold, he nodded his head to Pyotr Grinev. A minute later it flew off his shoulders.
“The Captain's Daughter” - a novel by A. S. Pushkin
5 (100%) 5 votesChapter I
The story begins with a story about the family of Petrusha Grinev and his childhood years. The father of the main character, Andrei Petrovich, in order for his son to grow up as a literate person trained in various sciences and languages, hired a French teacher, Beaupre, to teach him, who turned out to be a drunkard, which is why he was subsequently fired. After thinking a little, Grinev Sr. decides to make Petrusha a real nobleman and sends him to serve. The harsh character of Andrei Petrovich prepared for the main character not a brilliant career as a capital officer, but real trials in service in one of the fortresses on Yaik.
Having set off to his destination in Orenburg, the younger Grinev decided to stay briefly in Simbirsk, where he met the hussar Ivan Zurin, who decides to teach the young officer to play billiards, and subsequently, taking advantage of the protagonist’s inexperience, wins 100 rubles from Peter. Despite the indignation of Uncle Savelich, who was sent to look after the young master, Grinev gives Zurin the lost money.
Chapter II
Driving through the Orenburg steppe main character The story finds itself in the center of a snowstorm. The coachman cannot cope with the horses and find the road, but suddenly they meet a strange man who promises to show the travelers the right path. As a result, they manage to get onto the road and, together with their savior, the travelers arrive at the inn. The man decides to talk to Grinev on different topics and, judging by the conversation, he can be classified as one of the so-called “dashing people.” The whole company stays overnight at the inn, and in the morning the main character decides to hit the road and gives the man who led them out of the steppe a hare sheepskin coat.
Arriving in Orenburg, Grinev appears with his father’s old friend, General Andrei Karlovich, and he sends the young man to serve in the Belogorsk fortress, which is located on the border with the Kyrgyz, 40 miles from the city.
Chapter III
Pyotr Grinev arrives at the fortress, which turns out to be a small village. There he gets acquainted with its inhabitants and first pays a visit to the commandant of the fortress. The main character easily gets along with the cheerful officer Shvabrin, who was transferred to these parts from the capital, where he repeatedly violated discipline and killed someone.
Chapter IV
The main character settles in new conditions. He even appears special sympathy to the commandant's daughter Masha Mironova. Shvabrin is jealous of the girl for Grinev and slanderes Masha in the eyes of Peter, after which the young man challenges the officer to a duel, during which the young man is wounded.
Chapter V
The wounded Peter is cared for by the commandant's daughter and the regimental barber. The main character quickly recovers and makes peace with Shvabrin, since he believes that the officer’s pride is wounded due to Masha’s preference for another. Grinev proposes marriage to the commandant’s daughter and the girl gives her consent. Peter writes a letter to his father, where he asks for his blessing to marry Masha, but Andrei Petrovich finds out about the duel, becomes furious and denies his son his request.
Chapter VI
The commandant of the fortress receives a notification from Orenburg that Emelyan Pugachev’s “gang” is operating on Yaik. He orders all personnel to be ready at any moment to repel the supposed attack of the rebels, but Pugachev’s trusted people are already in the fortress. One of them, who is a Bashkir, gives himself away. He is captured, but cannot be interrogated because the prisoner turns out to be mute. The alarming mood in the fortress is growing and the commandant decides to take his daughter out of this dangerous place.
Chapter VII
Masha cannot be sent to Orenburg because before her departure the fortress is surrounded by rebels. The commandant feels that they will not be able to hold out for long and says goodbye to his wife and daughter. In addition, he orders Masha to be dressed in a peasant woman’s dress in order to protect her from reprisals by Pugachev’s people.
After the capture of the fortress, Emelyan Pugachev decides to judge everyone who does not worship him as the new sovereign. Shortly before this, Shvabrin goes over to the side of the rebels and advises Pugachev to put young Grinev to death, but his uncle Savelich stands up for his master, who on his knees asks to spare the “child”.
Chapter VIII
Emelyan Pugachev decides to pardon the main character, as he recognizes him as the man who once gave him a hare sheepskin coat. Peter immediately cannot recognize the leader of the rebels as his guide, but after Savelich’s story he is convinced that Pugachev is the same man who led them out of the snowstorm.
The oath ceremony takes place local population self-proclaimed sovereign and Pugachev summons Grinev. During a conversation with a young officer, the ataman invites him to join his army. Peter resolutely refuses such betrayal. Pugachev appreciates Peter’s courageous act and promises to let him go to Orenburg.
Chapter IX
A day after the above events, the main character receives an order from the rebel leader to transfer his demands to the generals in Orenburg and releases the officer. Immediately before setting off, Savelich turns to Pugachev demanding compensation for losses for the property of his master plundered by the ataman’s people, but Emelyan threatens him with violence and the man calms down. Grinev watches this scene with a grin and goes on the road with Savelich. He is concerned that Shvabrin remains in the fortress as the new commandant.
Chapter X
Arriving in Orenburg, Peter lays out all the information he knows about Pugachev and his “army” to the general, and then appears at the military council, where he calls on those gathered to conduct a surprise attack, but his ideas do not find support. There are military leaders who even offer “bribery tactics.” As a result, a general decision is developed to occupy the defense in Orenburg. A few days later, Pugachev’s army besieges the city. Grinev makes a foray beyond its walls and receives a message from his fiancée with a plea for her protection from the attacks of Shvabrin, who is doing everything so that Masha becomes his wife. Peter asks the general for a platoon of soldiers to liberate the fortress, but receives a negative answer. Then he looks for other options to save Masha.
Chapter XI
The main character secretly leaves Orenburg and goes to the Belogorsk fortress. Before reaching their final goal several miles, Grinev and his uncle are captured by Pugachev’s people, who take them to their chieftain. Peter tells the rebel leader about the purpose of his foray, and Pugachev promises to arrange a wedding for them and bless the newlyweds. Grinev invites the impostor to repent and ask for mercy from the empress. After listening to the young officer, the leader of the rebels decides to tell him the Kalmyk legend about the raven and the eagle, comparing himself to a proud bird.
Chapter XII
Together with Pugachev, the main character of the story arrives at the Belogorsk fortress and the ataman demands that Shvabrin bring his chosen one Grinev before his eyes. Shvabrin reluctantly carries out the order. As a result, it turns out that all this time Masha was under arrest, where she was fed only bread and water. Pugachev is extremely dissatisfied with Shvabrin’s behavior and releases the girl from captivity, after which he gives the go-ahead so that Grinev can calmly take Masha with him. He also forgives Peter for not telling him the truth about the girl’s father.
Chapter XIII
On the way to Orenburg, near one of the surrounding settlements, Grinev and Masha are stopped by a guard. They are mistaken for Pugachev's scouts. But among the guards a major appears, who turns out to be hussar Ivan Zurin. He does not advise young people to go to Orenburg and offers to stay with him and send Masha to Grinev’s father, which is what happens as a result. Peter's bride goes to his father with Savelich, and the main character with Zurin's regiment goes on a campaign against the rebels.
The hussars pursue scattered detachments of the Pugachev army and see devastated villages. After some time, Zurin receives an order to arrest Grinev and escort him to Kazan. The hussar is forced to comply with this order.
Chapter XIV
In Kazan, the investigative commission is conducting an inquiry into Grinev’s case and is suspicious of his testimony. The main character does not want to drag his fiancée into legal disputes and he is accused of having friendly relations with Emelyan Pugachev. As a result, it turns out that Shvabrin gave evidence against Grinev.
The main character ends up in prison and is sentenced to eternal settlement in Siberia. Having learned about this, Masha goes to the capital to ask for help from the empress. Arriving in St. Petersburg, the girl learns that the Empress is in given time located in Tsarskoe Selo. Masha goes to the queen, where she meets a lady, to whom she tells about her situation. The woman promises to help Masha and convey her request to the empress. As a result, it turns out that Catherine II herself met the girl on the way. She found out about this when she got to the palace at the invitation of the empress. Masha Mironova's fiance has been pardoned.
It should be noted that the story is told on behalf of the main character. At the end of the story, the author makes a number of notes, from which it becomes known about Grinev’s release in 1774 by decree of the Empress, and in January of the following year the main character is executed by Emelyan Pugachev, who gives a sign to Grinev before going up to the block.
