Dedicated to the problem of heroism, where we will present arguments from literature. And write homework will not be difficult, because many writers touched on the topic where they revealed the problem of heroism, introducing readers to the heroes of their works. Very often this problem connected with works about war and not without reason, because it is in war that a person manifests true or false heroism, as evidenced by arguments from the literature for the Unified State Exam.
Revealing the problem of the manifestation of heroism in war and arguing with examples, I would like to recall the wonderful work of Leo Tolstoy, where the author raises various philosophical questions. We see how the problem being studied evolves in the minds of Andrei Bolkonsky. Now Andrei’s priorities are to be a hero, and not to seem like one. Captain Tushin, as well as other heroes who gave their lives for their Motherland, showed real heroism in the novel. At the same time, there were also false patriots represented by people of high society.
The problem is also raised by Sholokhov in his work, where the hero Sokolov Andrei selflessly defended his homeland from the Nazi invaders. The war took his wife and children from him, but his will remained unbending, he endured everything and even found the strength to adopt an orphaned child. And this also revealed the heroic traits of his character.
Arguing the problem of heroism, I would like to recall the work of Tvardovsky about. In the work, the hero, despite fear, at the cost of his health, life, for the sake of love for the Motherland and family, does the impossible. Real heroic act, when Vasily swims across a cold river in order to convey information that will contribute to the rapid conclusion of the war.
To be honest, many more arguments can be made from literature, where the authors touch on the problem of true and false heroism. This is both a novel by Bykov Sotnikov and a novel White Guard Bulgakov, and The Tale of a Real Man by B. Polevoy and many other works famous writers, whose works we read with pleasure, experience together with the heroes, feel their pain and are proud of their dedication and heroic deeds.
The problem of heroism: arguments from literature
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Has come to an end academic year. It's exam time for 11th grade students. As you know, in order to obtain a school certificate, you need to pass two main exams: in mathematics and the Russian language. But there are also a few more items to choose from.
Nuances of essays on the Russian language on the Unified State Exam
To get maximum marks for passing, you need to write the essay correctly, that is, the third part. Part C has a lot of essay topics. The exam organizers offer written work about friendship, love, childhood, motherhood, science, duty, honor and so on. One of the most difficult topics- the problem of courage and perseverance. You will find arguments for it in our article. But that's not all. We also present to your attention a plan according to which you need to write an essay for the Russian language exam in 11th grade.
Many authors wrote about the war. But, unfortunately, these works, like many others, do not linger in the memory of children. We suggest recalling the most striking works in which you can find examples of courage and feat.
Plan for the final essay on the Unified State Exam in Russian
Inspecting teachers set large number points for an essay that has the correct composition. If you use our courage writing plan, your teachers will appreciate your work. But don't forget about literacy.
Remember that an essay in the Russian language on the unified state exam is significantly different from written work in social studies, history and literature. It must be compositionally correctly designed.
And we are moving on to the plan for a future essay on the issue of courage and perseverance. The arguments will be given below.
1. Introduction. Why do you think it is needed? The whole point is that the graduate needs to lead the examiner to the main problem that is discussed in the text. As a rule, this is a small paragraph consisting of 3-5 sentences on the topic.
2. Statement of the problem. In this part, the graduate writes that he identified the problem. Attention! When you indicate it, think carefully and find arguments in the text (there are about 3 of them in the fragment).
3. Alumni comment. At this point, the student explains to the reader the problem of the text read, and also characterizes it. The volume of this paragraph is no more than 7 sentences.
5. Own point of view. At this point, the student must write whether he agrees with the author of the text or not. In any case, you need to justify your answer, in our case on the issue of courage and perseverance. The arguments are given in the next paragraph.
6. Evidence from works of art or arguments from life. Most teachers insist that graduates present 2-3 arguments from works of fiction.
7. Conclusion. As a rule, it consists of 3 sentences. At this point, the graduate’s task is to draw a conclusion to everything said above, that is, to sum up a certain conclusion. The conclusion will be more effective if you end your essay with a rhetorical question.
Many examinees note that the most difficult part for them is the argumentation item. Therefore, we have selected examples of courage in literature for you.
Mikhail Sholokhov. The story "The Fate of Man"
You can show resilience even in captivity. Soviet soldier Andrei Sokolov is captured. Then he ends up in a death camp. One evening the camp commandant calls him and invites him to raise a glass of vodka to the victory of fascist weapons. Sokolov refuses to do this. Among them was a drunken Muller. He invites the prisoner to drink to his own death.
Andrey agreed, took the glass and drank it right away, without taking a bite. Exhaling heavily, he said: “Sign me up.” A company of drunken German officers appreciated the courage and fortitude. Argument #1 for your essay is ready. It should be noted that this story ended successfully for the captured soldier Sokolov.
Leo Tolstoy. Epic novel "War and Peace"
It was considered not only in the literature of the second half of the twentieth century, but also a century earlier. When we read this novel in literature lessons, we unwittingly became witnesses to the courage and perseverance of the Russian people. Leo Tolstoy wrote that during the battle the command did not tell the soldiers what to do. Everything went by itself. Wounded soldiers were taken to points medical care, the bodies of the dead were carried behind the front line, and the ranks of the fighters closed again.
We see that people did not want to say goodbye to life. But they overcame fear and maintained their fighting spirit under flying bullets. This is where courage and perseverance were manifested. Argument #2 is ready.
Boris Vasiliev. The story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet”
We continue to look at this time. This time a lesson of courage will be demonstrated to readers by a brave girl during the Great Patriotic War. Patriotic War. In this story, Boris Vasiliev writes about a detachment of girls who died, but still managed to win, because they did not let a single enemy warrior pass through native land. This victory took place because they selflessly and sincerely loved their Motherland.
Komelkova Evgenia is the heroine of the story. A young, strong and courageous girl from the fighters of the story. Her name is associated with comic and dramatic episodes. Her character displays traits of goodwill and optimism, cheerfulness and confidence. But the most main feature- this is hatred of the enemy. It is she who attracts the attention of readers and arouses their admiration. Only Zhenya had the courage to call on enemy fire in order to avert the mortal threat from the wounded Rita and Fedot. Not everyone can forget such a lesson of courage.
Boris Polevoy. "The Tale of a Real Man"
We present to your attention another vivid work that tells about the Great Patriotic War, the heroism and strength of character of the Soviet pilot Maresyev.
In general, Boris Polevoy’s arsenal contains many works where the author examines the problem of courage and perseverance.
Arguments for the essay:
In this story, the author writes about the Soviet pilot Maresyev. It so happened that he survived the plane crash, but was left without legs. This did not stop him from returning to life. The man stood on his prosthetics. Maresyev returned to his life's work - flying.
We have discussed the problem of courage and perseverance. We have presented the arguments. Good luck on the exam!
Since the topic of the essay is the problem of heroism, arguments from literature need to pay attention to works familiar to most of our fellow citizens, brought up on the exploits of Soviet soldiers who saved the world from the brown plague. There have been other examples of courage, heroism and selfless love for the Motherland in history. For example, the war of the mid-20th century became the most terrible and bloody.
One of the works glorifying heroism not only in war, but also in peaceful life, is the story “The Fate of a Man” by Alexander Sholokhov, in which the author introduces the reader to Andrei Sokolov. He went through the entire war, showing himself to be a brave soldier. Every day he courageously looked into the face of death, which carried away his comrades one by one. The worst thing that happened to Andrei was the loss of his family. His wife, son and daughter died in the rear at the hands of the Nazis.
Not every person will be able to survive such grief with dignity. However, Sokolov was able to, gathering all his will into a fist, he stayed afloat. He did not become embittered, did not hate the whole world, but became more sensitive and responsive to the misfortune of others. These qualities pushed him to a heroic act already in peaceful life.
Having met an orphaned boy on the dusty post-war roads, Andrei takes him under his “wing”. The decision to adopt a boy is a real feat. After all, in this way, the hero saved the child from the orphanage life, from loneliness, from ordeals, playing a decisive role in the fate of this little man.
Another work has a similar title. This is “The Tale of a Real Man” by Boris Polevoy.
The prototype of the main character was the legendary pilot Alexei Meresyev, who forever went down in history thanks to his courage and unbending will to defeat himself and the enemy.
The reader, with bated breath, follows the events described by the author. What aggravates the experience is the realization that all this took place in real life. Meresyev's plane was shot down over occupied territory. The pilot managed to survive, although he received terrible injuries.
Bleeding, Alexey tries to break through to his own people. He's from last bit of strength creeps through the wooded area, covering inch by inch. Meresyev was lucky - three weeks later he ended up with the partisans and his life was saved.
Having lost both legs, Alexey did not register himself as disabled and did not remain in captivity. He learned not only to walk, but even to dance on prosthetics and continued to fly. He managed to accomplish many more feats before the end of the war, significantly adding to the “piggy bank” of enemy aircraft he shot down.
Thanks to Boris Polevoy, readers received an invaluable opportunity to get to know an extraordinary personality. Meresyev’s heroism will live on for centuries, and his memory will be passed on from generation to generation. Such people never die.
The problem of heroism in war has numerous arguments from literature. This article examined only two works. However, no less poignant - “And the dawns here are quiet”, “Not on the lists” by B. Vasilyev, “In the trenches of Stalingrad” by V. Nekrasov, “Sotnikov” by V. Bykov and others cult books. Many generations grew up and were educated on them.
Enemy bombers hovered over the Volga day and night. They chased not only tugboats and self-propelled guns, but also fishing boats and small rafts - sometimes the wounded were transported onto them.
Composition
In difficult times of war, when hunger and death become constant companions, not everyone is given the ability to sacrifice themselves for the good of the Motherland. In this text V.M. Bogomolov invites us to think about the problem of heroism.
Addressing this problem, the author cites as an example the story of the “heroic flight”, which during the Great Patriotic War was able to deliver ammunition to the other side through shelling and explosions. The writer focuses on the nondescript nature of the “steamboat” transporting a barge with boxes, and on the unimpressiveness of the crew itself, consisting of three people. However, all this was just a first impression. Later V.M. Bogomolov shows us the indestructibility of the “old Volgar”, who was not at all afraid of the shelling, and the self-sacrifice of Irina and the soldiers who, through smoke, fire and the risk of flying into the air at any moment, saved the boxes from the fire. The author brings us to the idea of the incredible fortitude of the entire crew, ready to sacrifice their lives for the sake of preserving ammunition and the further victory of their Fatherland in the war.
The author believes that heroism is a sense of duty to one’s people and one’s Fatherland. Selflessly defending their homeland during the war, the fighters are driven precisely by heroism, an urgent need to help their homeland in any way.
I completely agree with the opinion Soviet writer and I also believe that a sense of patriotism, a sense of duty to the fatherland can force a person, despite any difficulties, to perform heroic deeds.
We can observe the manifestation of true heroism in Boris Polevoy’s story “The Tale of a Real Man.” This work is based on real facts from the biography of fighter pilot Alexei Maresyev, who, having been shot down in battle over occupied territory, with damaged feet, but not a broken spirit, made his way through the forest for a long time and ended up with the partisans. And later, having lost both legs, the hero, driven by the desire to do as much as possible for his country, again takes the helm and replenishes the treasury of aerial victories of the Soviet Union.
The problem of heroism and courage is also revealed in the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man". Main character, Andrei Sokolov, who lost his entire family, was still able to repay his debt to his homeland with the last of his strength. He was a military driver until the end, and when he was captured, he was not embarrassed for a moment in front of Miller, was not afraid of death, and showed him all the power of the Russian character. Later, Sokolov escaped from captivity and, even being terribly exhausted and tormented, was still full of readiness to sacrifice himself for the sake of victory.
Thus, we can conclude that in the all-consuming, all-destructive conditions of war, the simplest person, endowed only with a deep sense of love for the Motherland and a sincere desire to help, can show himself to be a true hero.