The main characters of the works of A.S. Pushkin and A.S. Griboyedov has many things in common, despite the seeming contradictions between them. Both Pushkin and Griboyedov developed a new literary type and drew the attention of their contemporaries to the problem of “ extra person" Onegin and Chatsky are young, educated, smart, but they cannot find a place for themselves in secular society, find love and happiness.
In Griboyedov’s comedy, Chatsky lives by the motto: “I would be glad to serve, but it’s sickening to be served.” He is always honest, he is not used to humiliating himself, wearing a mask, or depending on someone. He does not strive for power, rank, or money, like Skalozub, he is looking for “worthy sons” of the fatherland who can be taken as models. The hero had the courage to speak out against Famusov society.
Chatsky strives for knowledge, seeks a high, noble goal. He loves Sophia with all his heart and is ready to make any sacrifice for her. He boldly tells the truth to secular society and wants to open everyone’s eyes.
Chatsky despises flattery, the meanness of the “past century”, its slave philosophy, power-hungers, “hunters of indecent behavior”, cruel morals. He belongs to the progressive youth of that time.
Chatsky is a maximalist. He is wholeheartedly devoted to the ideals of honor and goodness, wants to benefit people, serve high moral principles.
Chatsky truly loves his homeland. Serfdom, injustice public relations causes him to protest. He defends the noble ideas of enlightenment and sincerely believes in the power of reason and the power of words. Therefore, he makes fiery accusatory speeches. But it remains misunderstood. Onegin and Chatsky are united by loneliness. They have no like-minded people. Their impulses remain fruitless and their lives useless. At one time, A.S. Pushkin accused Chatsky of acting unreasonably, “throwing pearls before swine.” Smart people they don't do that. That is why Chatsky’s call remained unanswered.
In secular society, Onegin is also lonely. At first he shone at balls and receptions, easily won women’s hearts, and was satisfied with his life. But soon such an existence became a burden to him. Endless dinners, entertainment, luxury did not bring happiness to the hero, they quickly became boring.
Onegin was overcome by the “Russian blues,” boredom, and he lost interest in everything. Chatsky's protest was clear and open. In Onegin it manifested itself in a hidden form. Coldness, skepticism, and apathy became his defining features. Neither rural nature, nor Tatiana’s love could awaken the hero to life. Moreover, he commits a crime - he kills Lensky in a duel. What is the reason for the hero’s loneliness and suffering?
The reason lies in his selfishness, upbringing, and the influence of society. In all his actions, Onegin was guided only by his own ego and did not take into account the feelings of other people. Fatal role The theory of Napoleon's strong personality, which dominated at that time, played a role in the fate of Eugene Onegin. It was believed that great people were allowed everything. They can be equal to God.
Onegin early got used to wearing a mask, adapting, being a hypocrite. He suppressed natural human impulses and feelings. The hero is used to living by reason, trusting only himself. He looked down on those around him. Therefore, he often brought only suffering to people, but at the same time he himself suffered. His wanderings, attempts to find himself, to find happiness remained useless:
Having killed a friend in a duel,
Having lived without a goal, without work
Until twenty-six years old,
Languishing in idle leisure,
Without work, without wife, without business,
I didn't know how to do anything.
The unexpectedly awakened love for the new Tatiana gives hope for the spiritual revival of Onegin. Only now he began to live fully and stopped hiding his essence. Tatiana revealed eternal memories to the hero moral values. Onegin had a unique chance to change his life. But further fate hero is hidden from us. The author leaves the ending of his novel open.
Thus, Onegin and Chatsky are united by the conflict with environment, spiritual loneliness. Both heroes could not find a way out of it and were the first “superfluous” people in Russian literature.
Sample essay text
IN critical study“A Million Torments” I. A. Goncharov wrote: “It is impossible to place Chatsky next to Onegin: the strict objectivity of the dramatic form does not allow the breadth and fullness of the brush as the epic. He probably meant that in the comedy “Woe from Wit” Chatsky is characterized only by his own speech and the words of other characters. And the image of Onegin in Pushkin’s novel receives more complete and detailed coverage by the author himself. lyrical digressions expresses his attitude towards the hero. In addition, he talks about his childhood, upbringing, education, transfers the action from St. Petersburg to the provinces, and introduces us to the range of his mental interests. And Chatsky lives in the comedy for only one day.
It’s also not easy for me to compare Chatsky and Onegin, but I’ll try to do it, because the topic of the essay requires it. Oddly enough, I would like to start with the fact that these heroes have a lot in common. Firstly, they lived at the same time when the most progressive part of the nobility, realizing the terrible gap between the moral power of the Russian people and their powerless position, began to protest against serfdom and absolute monarchy and began to unite in secret political societies. Both of them belong to the noble class, both are characterized by “wanderlust.” They are unlucky in love, they do not have good relationships with society. But that's probably where the similarities end.
Chatsky is an ebullient nature, a fighter. He appears in the play as an exposer of everything that has become outdated and prevents the development of the new, progressive. The hero longs for something useful for Russia; for this he has intelligence, erudition, talent, energy and honesty. But he breaks off ties with the ministers, since he is “sick of being served” and believes that it is necessary to serve “the cause, not individuals.”
Onegin is an egoist and a skeptic, whose thoughts are occupied with something completely different, although he read Adam Smith, Herder, Rousseau and other famous Western European scientists and philosophers. Onegin is constantly in a state of boredom, melancholy, he is not accustomed to work, so all attempts to do something useful quickly get boring for him.
Chatsky is not afraid to express his thoughts in a hostile environment. For this they hate him fiercely, even at Famusov’s ball they declare him crazy. About Onegin, “the world decided that he was smart and very nice.” Chatsky neglects the opinion of Famus society, as he realizes that he is right and tries to defend it. I don’t think that he “spent at least three hours in front of mirrors,” as Onegin did, “for fear of jealous condemnation.”
Chatsky not only saw the vices of society and was burdened by them, but also fought against the “alien power of fashion,” sycophancy and sycophancy, and the cruel attitude of masters towards their serfs.
Onegin is a passive person. He does not look for reasons for conflicts with others, expressing his dissatisfaction empty, a meaningless life light only with his gloomy and arrogant appearance. Otherwise, bored and irritated, Evgeniy obediently lives according to routine, shuttling between theaters, restaurants and balls. He takes for granted foreign fashion, the French language, European literature. Chatsky is not indifferent to his blind worship of foreigners. He is bitter that on Russian soil “a mixture of languages still dominates: French and Nizhny Novgorod.”
The heroes also have different attitudes towards love. Chatsky, who grew up with Sophia, fell in love with her. This feeling was always with him. Three years of travel did not destroy him, but strengthened him even more. Chatsky comes to Moscow, full of love and hope. After all, he does not enter, but runs onto the stage, trying to see Sophia as soon as possible. His speech addressed to her is emotional and excited. Onegin is not able to experience such feelings.
How early could he be a hypocrite?
To harbor hope, to be jealous,
To dissuade, to make believe,
Seem gloomy, languish...
But still, having received Tatiana’s touching message, Onegin acted nobly. He rejected her love, suppressed her awakening feelings, making both her and himself unhappy for life. Chatsky suffers from the fact that a mean, insignificant person was chosen over him. Onegin himself destroyed his own destiny. According to Belinsky, Onegin could later come to Decembrism. He experienced horror, repentance, and love. And Chatsky appears before us as an established personality, as an exponent of new, progressive ideas.
I like Chatsky better. It is he who I perceive as the hero of his time, and Onegin only as a typical representative. We have known Chatsky for only one day, and with Onegin for several years. But for Onegin to become like Chatsky, it will take years, if at all possible. I think: there is nothing good in the fact that a person loses interest in life even in his youth. It is better if he is full of energy and aspirations. Chatsky is ready, like Pushkin, “to dedicate his soul’s wonderful impulses to the fatherland,” Therefore, my sympathies are on his side.
References
To prepare this work, materials were used from the site http://www.kostyor.ru/
And people, live honestly, according to your conscience. These human qualities the heroes of A. Griboyedov, A. Pushktin, M. Lermontov are eternal, which means they are eternal and will always excite the reader. REPORT In the abstract "Chatsky, Onegin, Pechorin" I set a goal to analyze the heroes of Griboyedov, Pushkin, Lermontov as typical representatives of the best part of the noble youth of their time, to find common features and...
Absent-mindedness," has already "turned away and yawned." Why is this? Why is Pushkin able to rejoice at what Onegin is bored and disgusted with? We will come to the answer to this question. Now Evgeniy and I have returned from the theater and entered his office. Belinsky called Pushkin's novel "an encyclopedia of Russian life and highest degree folk work"What is an encyclopedia? We are used to imagining...
Absent-mindedness," has already "turned away and yawned." Why is this? Why is Pushkin able to rejoice at what Onegin is bored and disgusted with? We will come to the answer to this question. Now Evgeniy and I have returned from the theater and entered his office. Belinsky called Pushkin's novel "an encyclopedia of Russian life and an eminently folk work." What is an encyclopedia? We are accustomed to imagine...
Requests from friends to “continue the forgotten story,” referring to the voices of friends that “it’s strange, even discourteous to interrupt the novel without finishing,” he was going to return to his many years of work. But both this year and in 1835 the work did not go beyond sketches.<…>Excerpts from Onegin's travel Pushkin indicates the motives why Onegin decided to travel. The hero of the novel “has long wanted to be something”; He " ...
Similarities and differences between Chatsky and Onegin
The comedy “Woe from Wit” by A. S. Griboedov was written in 1824, and A. S. Pushkin created his novel in verse over the course of eight years, from 1823 to 1831. Griboedov was older than Pushkin, the authors knew each other and highly valued each other's work. The works reflect the same era - on the eve of the Decembrist uprising. Both sincerely sympathized with the Decembrist movement and maintained friendly relations with many of the members of secret societies. The heroes of the works are advanced representatives of the Russian nobility who critically perceive reality.
But most of Eugene Onegin was written after the tragic defeat at Senate Square, which could not but affect the emotional background of the work. The events depicted in both works refer to the period of the collapse of the democratic illusions of the Russian people after an unprecedented rise in the years Patriotic War. Having won a heroic victory over the Napoleonic army, the people longed for liberation from serfdom; advanced representatives of the nobility expected socio-economic reforms from the tsarist regime. However, reforms did not follow, and stratification began among the progressive nobility: the most active, active part created secret societies with the goal of violently overthrowing the regime; the other, socially passive, expressed its protest by demonstrative refusal to cooperate with the regime at all levels.
Chatsky and Onegin are peers and come from the same social circle. True, Onegin was brought up in a metropolitan aristocratic family, and Chatsky was brought up in the house of the Moscow master Famusov. Onegin spent eight years in high society in St. Petersburg. Walks along Nevsky Prospekt, exquisite toilets, balls, theaters, “the science of tender passion” - all these attributes of idleness, characteristic of the “golden youth”, are also inherent in Evgeniy. He was valued in society, which, however, set a rather low bar: in addition to noble origin All that was required was to speak flawless French, dance decently and “bow at ease.” Eugene mastered this simple set of virtues to perfection, and “the world decided that he was smart and very nice.” Onegin enjoyed life carefree, not burdening himself with thoughts:
But, tired of the noise of the ball.
And the morning turns to midnight,
Sleeps peacefully in the blessed shade
Fun and luxury child.
Wake up at noon, and again
Until the morning his life is ready,
Monotonous and colorful.
And only having become bored, Onegin did not even realize, but rather felt the incompleteness of his existence - and “the Russian blues took possession of him little by little.” An educated man, a critical thinker, he managed to overcome the stultifying influence of his environment, to look abstractly at the quagmire of fruitless vanity. Experiencing mental discomfort, aware of the harmful psychological impact monotonous existence, trying to find use for his strengths, Onegin tried to put his thoughts on paper, “but he was sick of persistent work.” Hoping to find the meaning of life in someone else's wisdom, Onegin began to read, but his inability to systematically learn (“the poor Frenchman, so that the child would not be tormented, taught him everything jokingly”) did not allow him to collect the seeds of book revelations, and a “sharp, chilled mind” found in they are only flaws. Disappointed and embittered, Onegin painfully perceives the imperfection of the social structure, but does not understand how to change it. Egocentrism and isolation can only criticize, but this path, as a rule, is futile. Onegin can only communicate with those like himself, since only they can calmly relate “to his caustic argument, and to a joke with bile in half, and the anger of gloomy epigrams.” Neither a trip to the estate nor foreign voyages are able to dispel Evgeniy’s pessimism and spiritual loneliness, or encourage him to fruitful work. The pinnacle of his social activity is silent protest and demonstrative detachment from the institutions of power.
Chatsky is a person of a completely different emotional make-up. He is inquisitive, active, vital. His keen mind is concerned with the common good, and the significance human personality he determines not by achieved ranks and honors, not by success in secular salons, but by social activity and a progressive way of thinking. Unlike Onegin, Chatsky does not succumb to the temptations of careless social life, is not limited to sincere and, apparently, at first mutual
Onegin and Chatsky - different people same era
Sample essay text
What happened in Russia in the early 20s of the 19th century? In response to the strengthening government reaction, secret political societies began to emerge in the country, aiming to radically transform life on a humane and fair basis. The clash between a man of Decembrist views and reactionary nobles is reflected in the works of writers whom the Decembrists considered their allies and comrades-in-arms.
Chatsky is the hero of A. S. Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit", and Onegin is the hero of A. S. Pushkin's novel "Eugene Onegin". Writers have depicted different, opposing characters in their works. Onegin is an educated person, but “superfluous” to society, and Chatsky is advanced man of its time.
In these heroes we will find not only differences in character, but also similarities in origin, upbringing and education. Both Chatsky and Onegin studied and were brought up under the guidance of foreign tutors. We learn about Chatsky that he is an educated man who was engaged in literary work, was in the service of ministers, and lived abroad. But his stay there only broadened his mental horizons, and did not make him a fan of everything foreign.
Onegin, in comparison with Griboyedov's hero, received a superficial education.
Poor Frenchman
So that the child does not get tired,
I taught him everything jokingly...
Subsequently, Onegin significantly expanded his knowledge. He mastered it perfectly French, “he danced the mazurka easily and bowed at ease.” This knowledge and skills were quite enough to earn the favor of the world, which “decided that he was smart and very nice.”
In Chatsky’s character one can notice insolence and irreconcilability towards indifferent or conservative-minded people. He loves his homeland and speaks about it with warmth: “When you travel, you return home, and the smoke of the Fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us!” Chatsky is an intelligent, hot-tempered man, but under the mask of irony he has a sensitive, responsive heart. He can, like all people, laugh and be sad, he can be angry and harsh, but he will be a faithful and reliable friend. Hot and ardent, he is surprisingly similar to the young Pushkin. “Oster, smart, eloquent, especially happy with his friends,” says Lisa about him. He is a little naive and inexperienced in everyday affairs. And Onegin... Who is he? “A sad and dangerous eccentric, a creature of hell or heaven, this angel, this arrogant demon”? No, not an angel, not a demon. Onegin - collective image, “in which the century is reflected and modern man is depicted quite correctly with his immoral soul, selfish and dry, immensely devoted to dreams, with his embittered mind seething in empty action.” He has no love and affection in his life. With boredom, dissatisfaction and irritation, Evgeniy goes to his dying uncle. For him, the main thing is inheritance. Onegin is indifferent to his relative’s illness and is horrified by the need to portray a saddened nephew. He leads a life typical of “golden” youth: balls, walks along Nevsky Prospect, visiting theaters. But he had long since become tired of all this. He was bored with the people with whom he was forced to communicate. The life he led did not suit him, but the change of situation could not influence Onegin. And in the village he was overcome by the same boredom.
Chatsky, it seems to me, is taller and smarter than Onegin. This is a man of progressive views. He is full of bright ideas for transforming society and angrily denounces the vices of old Moscow. His deep mind gives him faith in life and high ideals. Chatsky is outraged by serfdom, by the fact that a landowner can exchange his faithful servants, who “more than once saved his life and honor,” for three greyhounds. He wants to serve “the cause, not the persons.” “I’d be glad to serve, but it’s sickening to be served,” he responds to Famusov’s reproaches and moralizing.
Onegin languished, suffocated in his environment and did not know what he wanted. Evgeniy read a lot, tried to engage in literary work, but “he was sick of persistent work; nothing came of his pen.” He did not know what to do with his mind; Chatsky was seriously preparing for activities for the benefit of the fatherland. Even his ideological opponent Famusov pays tribute to his abilities, saying: “He writes and translates well.” Everyone talks about his great intelligence.
Onegin is critical of the way of life of noble society, but does not make a serious attempt to change anything; he is far from the Decembrist progressive ideas.
Chatsky actively defends freedom of thoughts and opinions, recognizes that every person has his own opinions and beliefs and expresses them openly. He stands for the development of national culture, for the unity of the intelligentsia with the people. He is outraged by the admiration of Russian nobles for French fashions, language, and their isolation from their national roots.
Will we ever be resurrected from the alien power of fashion?
So that our smart, cheerful people
Although, based on our language, he didn’t consider us Germans.
Chatsky has a high opinion of his people, but Onegin is infinitely far from them.
How do our heroes show themselves in friendship and love? In Famus society, Chatsky has no friends. They hate him here, they even declare him crazy, because they don’t recognize his views on life, his beliefs. It is worth noting that Chatsky constantly uses the pronoun “we”, since he considers himself not alone in the desire for change. His friends are those who represent the “present century,” but Griboyedov only mentions these people, introducing non-stage characters into the play.
Onegin was inseparable from Lensky. Despite the fact that the friends were like “ice and fire,” they had a lot in common. Lensky shared his views and personal experiences with Onegin, he trusted him. But Onegin’s rash act aroused in Lensky a feeling of jealousy, bitter resentment and disappointment in love and friendship. Onegin calmly accepts the challenge and kills his only friend in a duel, without feeling the slightest hostility towards Lensky. He only thinks about how the local society, which he does not respect at all, will evaluate his behavior.
The basis of Onegin’s love for Tatyana also lies in selfishness and selfishness. In his first explanation with her, he frankly admits that strong, deep feelings are alien to him. Chatsky loved Sophia seriously, seeing in her his future wife. Love for him is not “the science of tender passion,” as for Onegin. Because of his love for a girl, Chatsky returns to a society that is deeply disgusting to him. He had to drink the cup of suffering to the bottom.
Chatsky boldly and courageously fights for everything new, advanced, for a new Russia, but he cannot be congratulated on his victory. He leaves Moscow to “search the world where there is a corner for offended feelings.” But we are sure that he will remain a fighter who will continue his activities for the sake of the freedom of the Fatherland. At the end of the novel, Onegin also experiences the collapse of his hopes for happiness, but unlike Chatsky, he is broken by this grief. If Griboyedov's hero, in addition to love, had socially useful activities for the benefit of his homeland, then Onegin has no such activity.
Griboyedov and Pushkin created bright realistic images in their works that absorbed the typical features of people of the era of the 20s of the 19th century. They continue to influence the spiritual formation of new generations.
References
To prepare this work, materials were used from the site http://www.kostyor.ru/
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Chatsky and Onegin.
“Woe from Wit” by A. S. Griboedov and “Eugene Onegin” by A. S. Pushkin are works dedicated to one period in the life of Russia. This era was significant for the country. After the War of 1812, the opinion of the intelligentsia about the people who rose to the pinnacle of glory and power, freeing Europe from the tyranny of Napoleon, but remained powerless and dark, changed profoundly. The main characters of these works, Chatsky and Onegin, are representatives of the advanced noble intelligentsia. The authors consider their characters and destinies in inextricable connection with time, with social movement.
The fates of Chatsky and Onegin are in many ways similar. Onegin is the son of a “squandered” nobleman. Chatsky was brought up in the house of a rich uncle. It’s easy to imagine what kind of education they received. Chatsky recalls with a grin the index finger of the teacher, who inspired his students that for Russians there is no happiness without Germans.
Evil irony is heard in his question:
That now, just as in ancient times,
The regiments are busy recruiting teachers,
More in number, cheaper in price?
Pushkin, speaking about Onegin’s upbringing, rightly notes:
We all learned a little bit
Something and somehow.
Chatsky and Onegin are brought even closer together by their attitude towards society, towards the “light”. Onegin, tired of balls and social dinners, flees from the capital to the village. But here, too, “an eternal conversation about rain, about flax, about the barnyard” awaits him. His habits, behavior, “soul-sickening laziness” cause bewilderment and dissatisfaction among his neighbors.
Chatsky, loving Sophia dearly, could not stay in her father’s house. Everything there seemed lifeless to him. In Moscow, “yesterday there was a ball, and tomorrow there will be two.” A young, inquisitive mind needs food, it needs new impressions. Chatsky leaves the capital for a long time. “I wanted to travel around the whole world,” he says about himself. Onegin, living in the village, also felt his worthlessness, his uselessness, his inability to be a friend (relationship with Lensky), to love (relationship with Tatyana). “He was overcome by restlessness and wanderlust.”
“Changing places,” observations, thoughts caused by this, do not pass without a trace for the heroes. Pushkin calls his Onegin, returning from a trip, “very chilled and saturated with what he saw.” Thus, the worldviews of Chatsky and Onegin are finally formed. These are no longer youths, but adults, with rich life experience behind your shoulders. And now the fundamental differences between these literary types. Onegin sees the emptiness of the life around him, the idle lordship, lies and falsehood reigning around, but he does not even think about actively fighting them. He is too well-mannered, too cold-blooded to make accusatory speeches in the living rooms of St. Petersburg in front of a crowd of laughing fools. His protest is expressed in another way. With his entire appearance he reveals a silent reproach. Pushkin describes Onegin this way:
But who is this in the chosen crowd?
Stands silent and foggy?..
Faces flash before him,
Like a series of annoying ghosts.
Chatsky behaves completely differently. He is easily irritated, personal drama makes him especially vulnerable. Appearing at Famusov’s ball, he creates, in the words of I. A. Goncharov, such a “commotion” that he is mistaken for a madman. In his actions there is no cold calculation, selfishness, which are characteristic of Onegin.
Chatsky's weapon is a punishing word. He demands “service to the cause.” He languishes among the empty, idle crowd of “tormentors, sinister old women, quarrelsome old men.” Chatsky demands space and freedom for his age. He announces that the “past century” is being replaced by a new one, bringing an ideal “ free life».
Goncharov in his article “A Million Torments” talks about the typicality of Chatsky and Onegin. These types will invariably arise at a turning point. Onegins are “superfluous” people in their midst; their appearance always indicates trouble, the impending collapse of the social order. These people are head and shoulders above their contemporaries, they are noted for their insight and “sharp, cool mind.”
The Chatskys continue and develop what the “superfluous” people started; they not only silently condemn and despise. The Chatskys openly hate, denounce, ridicule.
“Chatsky is a sincere and ardent figure,” says I. A. Goncharov.
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