One of the brightest masterpieces in Russian prose is the epic novel “War and Peace.” A four-volume work that is distinguished by its diversity storylines, an extensive system of characters, the number of which reaches five hundred heroes, is, first of all, not only a reflection of pictures of historical reality, but a novel of ideas. TO final version Tolstoy's works followed the path of ideological and plot quests, which also recalls the image of Pierre Bezukhov's "War and Peace" by Tolstoy.
The ideological quest of the author and hero
Initially, Lev Nikolaevich did not plan to write the story of this character, creating him in the image of a Decembrist fighting for civil equality and freedom. However, gradually as we comprehend historical events and writing the novel, Tolstoy’s ideological orientation changes. At the end of the work, we clearly see that the true essence of the active hero’s destiny lies not in struggle, but in finding spiritual harmony and personal happiness through rapprochement with the people. Tolstoy reflected his ideological searches through the image of the main character - Pierre Bezukhov.
Development of the image of Pierre Bezukhov
At the beginning of the work, the hero is contrasted with the contemporary high society, in which insincerity, flattery, and superficiality reign. From the first pages of the novel, young Bezukhov appears as an open and honest person who, at all costs, tries to find the truth and his calling in life - this is the characterization of Pierre in Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace.”
Suddenly finding himself rich, Pierre becomes a victim of his own financial situation and falls into the shackles of an unhappy marriage. Marriage to Helen Kuragina made Pierre disillusioned with the spirituality and purity of the institution of marriage and family. Pierre still does not give up. He tries to find his place in life to do good, help people, and feel needed by society. He believes that he will definitely find his just cause: “I feel that besides me there are spirits living above me and that there is truth in this world.” These aspirations became the reason for the hero’s entry into the ranks of the Masonic movement. Imbued with the ideas of equality and brotherhood, mutual assistance and self-sacrifice, Pierre shares the views of Freemasonry with high ideological passion. However, this period of his life also brought disappointment. The hero again finds himself at a crossroads.
Whatever he did or thought was caused by the desire to carry out activities useful for society, for Russia. The War of 1812 was his chance to finally do the right thing and serve his people. Main character novel "War and Peace" Pierre Bezukhov with old passion and zealously lights up with the idea of sharing the fate of his people and contributing his all possible help for the common victory. For this purpose, he organizes a regiment and fully finances its support.
Not being a military man, Pierre cannot directly participate in hostilities, but the role of a passive observer is also not pleasant for such an active hero. He decides that it is he who needs to carry out the most important mission that will rid Russia of the French invaders. Desperate Pierre plans an assassination attempt on Napoleon himself, whom he once considered his idol. Following the lead of his ardent ideas, Bezukhov does not think about the possible consequences. Ultimately, his plan failed, and the hero himself was captured.
Understanding the essence of true human happiness
Another time of disappointment is coming. This time the hero is completely disappointed in faith in people, in kindness, in the possibility of mutual help and friendship. However, a meeting and conversation with Platon Karataev completely changes his worldview. It was this simple soldier who had the maximum influence on the hero’s change of heart. The simplicity and certain primitiveness of Karataev’s speech managed to reveal all the spiritual wisdom and value human life more than intricate Masonic treatises.
Thus, Pierre's stay in captivity became decisive in the formation of his civic and personal consciousness. Finally, Pierre realizes that the essence of happiness was in fact so simple and was always on the surface, but he looked for its meaning in philosophical depths, personal suffering, and desires for active action. The hero realized that true happiness is to have the opportunity of spiritual and physical freedom, to live a simple life in unity with his people. “There is truth, there is virtue; and man’s highest happiness consists in striving to achieve them.” Awareness of such simple human values finally led the main character to peace of mind, inner harmony and personal happiness.
Implementation of the novel's idea by the hero
At the end of his ideological quest, the author rewards Pierre with life in an atmosphere of real family idyll. The hero enjoys peace and happiness, surrounded by the care of his beloved wife and the happy voices of his four children. The image of Pierre Bezukhov is the personification of the hero, through whose spiritual and ideological quests and the path of their awareness the main idea of the work is revealed.
As we see, like Pierre Bezukhov, the author himself renounces his original beliefs. Thus, at the heart of the novel “War and Peace” the main idea was not serving civic duty or participating in social movements. Main idea works and my essay on the topic: The image of Pierre Bezukhov in the novel “War and Peace” - in depicting the ideal of human happiness in the family circle, in life on native land, in the absence of war, in unity with its people.
Work test
One of the main characters in Leo Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” is Pierre Bezukhov. His image stands out clearly among other heroes of the epic. In the person of Bezukhov, the author portrays representatives of the progressive intelligentsia early XIX centuries, which were characterized by spiritual quests, since they could no longer live in the environment of the decaying system of autocracy.
During the course of the story, Pierre's image changes, as does the meaning of his life when he finally comes to the highest ideals.
We meet Bezukhov at an evening with Anna Pavlovna Sherer: “A massive, fat young man with a cropped head, glasses, light trousers in the fashion of that time, with a high frill and a brown tailcoat.” External characteristics The hero does not represent anything interesting and only evokes an ironic smile.
Bezukhov is a stranger in this society, because along with his ridiculous appearance, he has a “smart and at the same time timid, observant and natural look,” which does not see a single living soul in the high-society salon, except for the “mechanical” guests of the salon owner.
Having received a huge inheritance, Pierre still remains in this society; on the contrary, he becomes even more mired in it by marrying the cold beauty Helen Kuragina.
However, everything in him resists secular society. Main feature Pierre's character is his kindness. On the first pages of the novel, the hero is simple-minded and trusting; in his actions he is guided by the call of his heart, therefore he is sometimes impulsive and ardent, but in general he is distinguished by his generosity of soul and ardent love.
The hero's first life test is Helen's betrayal and Pierre's duel with Dolokhov. In Bezukhov's life there comes a deep spiritual crisis. The hero decides to join Masonic lodge, it seems to him that the idea of universal brotherhood, continuous work on the inner world - this is the meaning of life. But gradually Pierre becomes disillusioned with Freemasonry, because beyond the analysis of his own state of mind things are not going well. However, Pierre continues to search for the meaning of life, wanting to be useful to the world.
A meeting in French captivity with Platon Karataev, a simple soldier, had a huge influence on the hero’s views. The proverbs and sayings that fill Karataev’s speech mean more to Bezukhov than the detached wisdom of the Freemasons.
During his captivity, Pierre Bezukhov becomes patient, he steadfastly endures life’s hardships and adversities, and also begins to overestimate all the events that happened to him before: “He learned to see the great, the eternal and the infinite... and joyfully contemplated the ever-changing, eternally great, incomprehensible and endless life.”
After captivity, Pierre feels spiritually free, his character changes. His attitude towards people has also changed: he wants to understand people, to see something good in everyone.
Pierre becomes truly happy in his marriage to Natasha Rostova. In the epilogue of the novel, Bezukhov appears before us as a happy family man, the father of four children. The hero found his happiness, peace of mind and joy. Of course, Bezukhov is interested in social issues that concern not only his personal happiness. He shares his thoughts with Nikolai Rostov, his wife’s brother. But political activity Pierre remains behind the scenes, we say goodbye to the hero on a positive note, leaving him with his family, where he feels completely happy.
Updated: 2012-03-14
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Pierre Bezukhov is one of Tolstoy's favorite heroes. Pierre's life is a path of discoveries and disappointments, a path of crisis and in many ways dramatic. Pierre is an emotional person. He is distinguished by a mind prone to dreamy philosophizing, absent-mindedness, weakness of will, lack of initiative, and exceptional kindness. The main feature of the hero is the search for peace, agreement with oneself, the search for a life that would be in harmony with the needs of the heart and would bring moral satisfaction.
We first meet Pierre in Scherer's living room. The writer draws our attention to the appearance of the person who entered: a massive, fat young man with an intelligent and at the same time timid, observant and natural look that distinguished him from everyone in this living room. This is exactly how Pierre is depicted in Boklevsky’s drawing: the illustrator emphasizes in the portrait of the hero the same features as Tolstoy. And if you remember the works of Shmarinov, then they more clearly convey Pierre’s state of mind at one time or another: this artist’s illustrations help to better understand the character and more clearly grasp his spiritual growth. A constant portrait feature is the massive, fat figure of Pierre Bezukhov, which, depending on the circumstances, can be either clumsy or strong. can express confusion, anger, kindness, and fury. In other words, Tolstoy has a constant artistic detail each time it acquires new, additional shades. What kind of smile does Pierre have? oh... Not like others... With him, on the contrary, when a smile came, then suddenly the serious... face instantly disappeared and another childish, kind face appeared...
In Pierre there is a constant struggle between the spiritual and the sensual, internal, moral essence the hero contradicts his way of life. On the one hand, he is full of noble, freedom-loving thoughts, the origins of which go back to the Age of Enlightenment and French Revolution. Pierre is a fan of Rousseau and Montesquieu, who fascinated him with the ideas of universal equality and re-education of man,
On the other hand, Pierre participates in revelry in the company of Anatoly Kuragin, and here that riotous lordly beginning is manifested in him, the embodiment of which was once his father, Catherine’s nobleman, Count Bezukhov. The sensual first prevails over the spiritual: he marries Helen, who is alien to him. This is one of the important milestones in the hero's life. But Pierre is increasingly aware that he does not have a real family, that his wife is an immoral woman. Discontent grows within him, not with others, but with himself. This is exactly what happens with genuine moral people. For their disorder, they consider it possible to execute only themselves. An explosion occurs at a dinner in honor of Bagration. Pierre challenges Dolokhov, who insulted him, to a duel. But during the duel, seeing his wounded enemy lying in the snow, Pierre grabbed his head and, turning back, went into the forest, walking entirely in the snow and saying out loud: unclear words, Stupid...stupid! Death... lies... - he repeated, wincing. Stupid and a lie - this again applies only to himself.
After everything that happened to him, especially after the duel, Pierre finds his whole life meaningless. He is experiencing a mental crisis: this is a strong dissatisfaction with himself and the associated desire to change his life and build it on new, good principles. Having broken up with his wife, Pierre, on the way to St. Petersburg, in Torzhok, waiting for the horses at the station, asks himself difficult (eternal) questions: What is bad? What's good? What should you love, what should you hate? Why live and what am I? What is life, what is death? What force controls everything? Here he meets the freemason Bazdeev. At the moment of mental discord that Pierre was experiencing, Bazdeev seems to him to be just the person he needs, Pierre is offered a path of moral improvement, and he accepts this path, because most of all he now needs to improve his life and himself.
In moral purification for Pierre, as for Tolstoy at a certain period, lay the truth of Freemasonry, and, carried away by it, at first he did not notice what was a lie. Pierre shares his new ideas about life with Andrei Bolkonsky. Pierre is trying to transform the Order of Freemasons, draws up a project in which he calls for activity, practical help to his neighbor, for the dissemination moral ideas in the name of the good of humanity throughout the world... However, the Freemasons decisively reject Pierre's project, and he is finally convinced of the validity of his suspicions that many of them were looking for a means of expanding their secular connections in Freemasonry, that the Freemasons - these insignificant people - were not interested problems of goodness, love, truth, the good of humanity, and the uniforms and crosses that they sought in life.
Pierre experiences a new emotional upsurge in connection with the people's patriotic upsurge during Patriotic War 1812. Not being a military man, he takes part in the Battle of Borodino. Landscape of the Borodino field before the start of the battle ( bright sun, fog, distant forests, golden fields and copses, smoke from gunshots) correlates with Pierre’s mood and thoughts, causing him some kind of elation, a feeling of the beauty of the spectacle, the greatness of what is happening. Through his eyes, Tolstoy conveys his understanding of the decisive factors in folk, historical life events. Shocked by the behavior of the soldiers, Pierre himself shows courage and readiness for self-sacrifice. At the same time, one cannot help but note the naivety of the hero: his decision to kill Napoleon.
In one of the illustrations, Shmarinov conveys this trait well: Pierre is depicted dressed in a common folk dress, making him clumsy and gloomily focused. On the way, approaching the main apartment of the French, he makes noble deeds: saves a girl from a burning house, stands up for civilians, who were robbed by French marauders. In Pierre's attitude towards ordinary people and nature, the author's moral and aesthetic criterion of beauty in man is once again manifested: Tolstoy finds it in merging with the people and nature. Decisive for Pierre is his meeting with the soldier, former peasant Platon Karataev, who, according to Tolstoy, personifies the masses. This meeting meant for the hero an introduction to the people, folk wisdom, even closer rapprochement with ordinary people.
In captivity, Pierre finds that peace and self-satisfaction that he had previously vainly strived for. Here he realized not with his mind, but with his whole being, with his life, that man was created for happiness, that happiness is in himself, in the satisfaction of natural human needs ... solutions to the question of the meaning of life: ...he sought this in philanthropy, in Freemasonry, in the dispersion of secular life, in wine, in the heroic feat of self-sacrifice, in romantic love to Natasha; he sought this through thought, and all these searches and attempts all deceived him. And finally, with the help of Karataev, this issue was resolved. The most essential thing about Karataev is loyalty and immutability. Loyalty to yourself, your only and constant spiritual truth. Pierre follows this for some time.
In characterizing the hero’s state of mind at this time, Tolstoy develops his ideas about a person’s inner happiness, which lies in complete mental freedom, calmness and tranquility, independent of external circumstances. However, having experienced the influence of Karataev’s philosophy, Pierre, upon returning from captivity, did not become a Karataevite, a non-resistance. By the very essence of his character, he was not able to accept life without searching.
Having learned the truth of Karataev, Pierre in the epilogue of the novel is already going his own way. His dispute with Nikolai Rostov proves that Bezukhov faces the problem of moral renewal of society. Active virtue, according to Pierre, can lead the country out of the crisis. Unification needed honest people. Happy family life(married to Natasha Rostova) does not take Pierre away from public interests. He becomes a member of a secret society. Pierre speaks with indignation about the reaction that has occurred in Russia, about Arakcheevism, theft. At the same time, he understands the strength of the people and believes in them. With all this, the hero resolutely opposes violence.
In other words, for Pierre, the path of moral self-improvement remains decisive in the reconstruction of society. Intense intellectual search, the ability for selfless actions, high spiritual impulses, nobility and devotion in love (relationships with Natasha), true patriotism, the desire to make society more fair and humane, truthfulness and naturalness, the desire for self-improvement make Pierre one of the best people his time.
I would like to end the essay with the words of Tolstoy, which explain a lot in the fate of the writer and his favorite heroes: To live honestly, you have to struggle, get confused, fight, make mistakes, start and give up, and start again and give up again, and always struggle and lose. And calmness is spiritual meanness.
And therefore his image is extremely important for us. In this article we will look at Pierre Bezukhov through the prism of three events or chains of different incidents: Napoleon’s rise to the throne, the Battle of Borodino, and we’ll talk about captivity. You can also read more on our website.
The arrival of Napoleon
France was in a state of anxiety and uncertainty about the future. All high society was absorbed in these thoughts, and the fact that Napoleon came to power greatly influenced the minds of young and old people. Young people admired the image of the great commander; many considered him a model. When we talk about Pierre Bezukhov in the novel "War and Peace", it is worth saying that he, too, was delighted with what Napoleon did, his personality and his talent, and it was difficult for Pierre to understand why there were people who prevented the emperor from creating great revolution.
At one time, Pierre even wanted to take the oath to stand on the side of Napoleon, but this never happened. Conceivable feats and achievements benefit revolutionary movement France had to collapse in Pierre's soul. In 1812, when the ideals were lost, Pierre began to despise Napoleon and even began to hate him. Instead of adoring this person, Pierre decided that he himself must destroy this enemy, whose tyrannical rule brought only troubles to his native land. If you look at this hero of Tolstoy at that moment, you can say that Pierre Bezukhov in the novel “War and Peace” is a man obsessed with the desire to deal with Napoleon. Moreover, he believed that by doing this he would fulfill his mission on earth, and this was his destiny.
Pierre at the Battle of Borodino
In 1812, the Patriotic War broke out, and all the foundations of society were broken. Of course, all this also affected Pierre, who had previously led a completely aimless and riotous life. Now, in order to serve his Motherland, Pierre left everything and went to fight. And how the personality of Pierre Bezukhov changes here in the novel “War and Peace”! He searched for himself so much, rushed in vain in search of meaning in life, and then he had the opportunity to get closer to the soldiers who came from ordinary people, to give life a different assessment. And in many ways this became possible thanks to the Battle of Borodino.
The soldiers were mostly true patriots, and this was not false or feigned. They were ready to sacrifice their lives for the sake of the fatherland, and Pierre saw all the horrors of war and the mood of ordinary soldiers. Pierre suddenly begins to understand the questions that have been tormenting him for so long. It turns out that everything is so clear. And Pierre Bezukhov wants, following the unfamiliar feeling that has appeared, to breathe deeply and give life his whole heart.
Pierre Bezukhov in the novel "War and Peace" - captivity
Leo Tolstoy continues to show the development of Pierre's personality, and what happens to him next fully tempers him and forms mature views on life. Pierre Bezukhov is captured, and the French interrogate him, leaving him alive. However, some other prisoners are executed, and Pierre almost goes crazy after this. Bezukhov's meeting with a man named Platon Karataev helps the hero find harmony in his soul.
Although the barracks are cramped, there is physical pain in his body and oppressive emotions, Pierre Bezukhov suddenly realizes that he really happy man. Something changed in his heart, he reevaluated his ideals and looked at everything around him differently. As a result, the French also kill Platon Karataev, who gave Pierre the opportunity to look at life correctly. The hero suffers madly, and soon he is released from captivity by the partisans.
We remind you that full description You can read Pierre. And in this article we examined the topic: Pierre Bezukhov in the novel "War and Peace".
The life of the great Russian writer L.N. Tolstoy was filled with constant moral quests, and his life passed in an endless spiritual struggle. All his life Tolstoy repeated the same prayer: “Lord! Teach me how to live!” Having conceived a novel about a Decembrist who returned from exile, he realized that in order to reveal inner world For the heroes, he needs to go back a few years and plunge into the atmosphere of Russian society in 1812. But working with historical books and archives forced him to turn to 1805.
Tolstoy set his main task to reveal inner life heroes. “People are like rivers...” he said, emphasizing with this comparison the immensity, complexity human soul, variability and continuous development of inner life. The spiritual beauty of Lev Nikolaevich’s favorite heroes is manifested in continuous internal struggle thoughts and feelings, in a tireless search for the meaning of life, in dreams of activities for the benefit of the people. In the image of Pierre, who according to the original plan was to become a Decembrist, Tolstoy put the best features of his soul. Bezukhov is looking for an answer to the question posed to him by the era of the 60s of the 19th century: “What to do? What should you devote your life to?”
Pierre's life is a path of discovery and disappointment, a path of crisis and in many ways dramatic. Pierre is an emotional person. He is distinguished by a mind prone to dreamy philosophizing, absent-mindedness, weakness of will, lack of initiative, and exceptional kindness. The main feature of the hero is the search for peace, agreement with oneself, the search for a way of life that would be in harmony with the needs of the heart and would bring moral satisfaction.
We first meet Pierre in the living room of Anna Pavlovna Scherer. The writer draws our attention to the appearance of the person who entered: “a massive, fat young man... with an intelligent and at the same time timid, observant and natural look that distinguished him from everyone in this living room.”
In Pierre there is a constant struggle between the spiritual and the sensual, while the inner, moral, essence of the hero contradicts his way of life. On the one hand, he is full of noble, freedom-loving thoughts, the origins of which go back to the era of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution. Pierre is an admirer of Rousseau and Montesquieu, who captivated him with the ideas of universal equality and re-education of man. On the other hand, Pierre participates in carousing in the company of Anatoly Kuragin, and here that riotous lordly beginning, the embodiment of which was once his father, manifests itself in him , Catherine's nobleman, Count Bezukhov.
The sensual principle prevails over the spiritual: he marries Helen, who is alien to him. This is one of the important milestones in the hero's life. But Pierre is increasingly aware that he does not have a real family, that his wife is an immoral woman. Discontent grows within him, not with others, but with himself. This is exactly what happens to truly moral people. For their disorder, they consider it possible to execute only themselves. The “explosion” occurs at a dinner in honor of Bagration. Pierre challenges Dolokhov, who insulted him, to a duel. But during the duel, seeing his wounded enemy lying in the snow, Pierre grabbed his head and, turning back, went into the forest, walking through the snow and loudly uttering incomprehensible phrases, “Stupid... stupid! Death... lies... - he repeated, wincing.” “Stupid” and “lies” - this again refers only to himself.
After everything that happened to him, especially after the duel, Pierre finds his whole life meaningless. He is experiencing a mental crisis: strong dissatisfaction with himself and the associated desire to radically change his life, to build it on new, good principles. Having separated from his wife, Pierre, on the way to St. Petersburg, in Torzhok, waiting for the horses at the station, asks himself difficult (eternal) questions: “What is wrong? What's good? What should you love, what should you hate? Why live and what am I? What is life, what is death? What force controls everything?
Here he meets the freemason Bazdeev. At the moment of spiritual discord that Pierre was experiencing, Bazdeev seems to him to be just the person he needs, Pierre is offered a path of moral improvement, and he accepts this path, because most of all he now needs to change his life and myself. In moral purification for Pierre, as for Tolstoy at a certain period, lay the truth of Freemasonry, and, carried away by it, at first he did not notice what was a lie.
Pierre shares his new ideas about life with Andrei Bolkonsky. Pierre is trying to transform the order of Freemasons, draws up a project in which he calls for activity, practical help to his neighbor, for the dissemination of moral ideas for the benefit of humanity throughout the world... However, the Freemasons resolutely reject Pierre’s project, and he is finally convinced of the validity of his suspicions that many members of the lodges were looking for a means of expanding their secular connections in Freemasonry, that the Masons - these insignificant people - were not interested in problems of goodness, love, truth, the good of humanity , but “the uniforms and crosses that they sought in life.
Pierre experiences a new spiritual mood in connection with the people's patriotic upsurge during the Patriotic War of 1812. Not being a military man, he takes part in the Battle of Borodino. The landscape of the Borodino field before the start of the battle (bright sun, fog, distant forests, golden fields and copses, smoke from gunfire) correlates with Pierre’s mood and thoughts, causing him some kind of elation, a feeling of the beauty of the spectacle, the greatness of what is happening. Through the hero, Tolstoy conveys his understanding of decisive historical events. Shocked by the behavior of the soldiers, Pierre himself shows courage and readiness for self-sacrifice.
At the same time, one cannot help but note the naivety of the hero: his decision to kill Napoleon. On the way, approaching the main apartment of the French, he performs noble deeds: he saves a girl from a burning house, stands up for civilians who were robbed by the French marauders. In Pierre's attitude towards ordinary people and nature, the author's moral and aesthetic criterion of the beautiful in man is once again manifested: Tolstoy finds it in merging with the people and nature. Decisive for Pierre is his meeting with the soldier, former peasant Platon Karataev, who, according to Tolstoy, personifies the masses. This meeting marked the beginning for the hero of familiarization with the people, folk wisdom, and an even closer rapprochement with ordinary people. In captivity, Pierre finds “that peace and self-satisfaction that he had vainly strived for before.” Here he “learned not with his mind, but with his whole being, with his life, that man was created for happiness, that happiness is in himself, in the satisfaction of natural human needs...” Introducing to the people's truth, to the people's ability to live according to helps the inner liberation of Pierre, who was always looking for a solution to the question of the meaning of life: “... he looked for this in philanthropy, in Freemasonry, in the dispersion of social life, in wine, in the heroic feat of self-sacrifice, in romantic love for Natasha; he sought this through thought, and all these searches and attempts all deceived him.” And finally, with the help of Karataev, this issue was resolved.
The most essential thing about Karataev is loyalty and constancy. Loyalty to yourself, your only and constant spiritual truth. Pierre follows this for some time. In characterizing the hero’s state of mind at this time, Tolstoy develops his ideas about a person’s inner happiness, which lies in complete mental freedom, tranquility and peace, independent of external circumstances.
However, having experienced the influence of Karataev’s philosophy, Pierre, upon returning from captivity, did not become a Karataevite, a non-resistance. By the very essence of his character, he was unable to accept life without searching for its meaning. Having learned the truth of Karataev, Pierre in the epilogue of the novel is already going his own way. His dispute with Nikolai Rostov proves that Bezukhov faces the problem of moral renewal of society. “Active virtue,” according to Pierre, can lead the country out of the crisis. This requires the unification of all honest people. A happy family life (married to Natasha Rostova) does not distract Pierre from public interests. He becomes a member of a secret society. Pierre speaks with indignation about the reaction that has come in Russia, about Arakcheevism, embezzlement. At the same time, he understands the power of the people, believe him. With all this, the hero resolutely opposes violence. In other words, for Pierre, the path of moral self-improvement remains decisive in the reorganization of society.
Intense intellectual search, the ability for selfless actions, high spiritual impulses, nobility and devotion in love (relationships with Natasha), true patriotism, the desire to make society more just and humane, truthfulness and naturalness, the desire for self-esteem -improvement - these are the main qualities of Pierre, allowing him to be ranked among the best People of that time.
I would like to end the essay with the words of Tolstoy, which explain a lot in the fate of the writer and his favorite heroes: “To live honestly, you have to rush, get confused, fight, make mistakes, start and quit, and start again, and quit again , and forever struggle and lose. And peace of mind is meanness.