Works by A.S. Griboyedov and A.S. Pushkin is often compared to each other. They were created around the same time, but it seems that their main characters have nothing in common. But it is not so. Both writers created literary image"an extra person." Onegin and Chatsky are distinguished by their intelligence, they received a good education, but they have no place in their social environment. Love and personal happiness are inaccessible to these characters.
Characteristic features of Alexander Chatsky
Alexander Chatsky, the hero of the comedy “Woe from Wit,” does not want to serve the highest ranks, but would gladly serve society. He is distinguished by honesty and openness, the hero does not wear masks, is proud and does not want to humiliate himself. He has no desire for power or wealth, like, for example, Skalozub. Chatsky is trying to find truly worthy role models. He is unusually brave and can stand up to society.
He is striving to comprehend the world, to search for a truly noble goal. His love for Sophia is great and pure, he is ready to sacrifice himself for her sake. He is not afraid to be honest, does not hide his thoughts and ideas, trying to open the eyes of others to the truth that he has comprehended. Flattery and meanness, slavish philosophy are alien to him. He is internally free and is not afraid to look crazy among representatives of the “Famus” society.
He is characterized by youthful maximalism, devotion to the highest ideals and values, and the desire to benefit others.
Alexander Andreevich Chatsky is a patriot in the highest and truest sense of the word. But his love for the Motherland is effective, he strives to transform it, to correct its inherent vices. The serfdom system and social injustice in general evoke a powerful internal protest in him. He is closer to the ideas of the Enlightenment, he values reason and justice. This leads to the fact that the young man constantly makes speeches filled with righteous anger. And yet he remains lonely and misunderstood.
It is loneliness, the absence of like-minded people, that unites the heroes of the two works. Their lives seem meaningless, since all impulses are doomed to failure and misunderstanding.
Personal characteristics of Evgeny Onegin
The title character of the novel in verse is also lonely in high society. When he had fun at social events, he broke the hearts of women. But the meaningless pastime began to weigh on him. A series of similar balls and dinners could not make him happy.
The hero was overcome by melancholy and lost interest in life. If Alexander Chatsky’s protest is expressed loudly and openly, then in Onegin it is hidden and cold. Detachment and apathy are the most important personality traits of Pushkin’s character. Even Tatiana's love and the beauty of nature could not return him to active life. Moreover, he kills Lensky during a duel, essentially without meaning to. Why is his suffering so intense?
The reason lies in himself, the peculiarities of upbringing. He did not take into account the feelings of other people, being guided only by his own needs and desires. The personality of Napoleon became fatal in Onegin's life. At that time, it was believed that large-scale people were allowed everything. great person equal to God.
Evgeny Onegin is used to constantly wearing a mask and being a hypocrite. His natural impulses have long been suppressed. He does not trust his feelings, is guided only by reason and is unable to trust others. He treats others rather arrogantly, and ultimately brings them nothing but suffering. At the same time, Evgeny Onegin himself suffers. All his ordeals, the search for himself and his place in the world do not lead to results. All attempts to find remain fruitless.
Love for the changed Tatyana comes as a surprise, giving hope for inner rebirth. This feeling helped him open up, stop hiding himself and his true self. The girl revealed to him the world of eternal moral values, giving him a chance to change. But since the ending of the novel in verse is open, we do not know the subsequent fate of Eugene Onegin. Was he able to use this chance?
So, Alexander Chatsky and Evgeny Onegin are related by confrontation with society, internal loneliness. The heroes of both works could not find a way out and turned out to be the first characters in Russian literature to embody the image of the “superfluous man.”
Pechorin, Chatsky and Onegin are the heroes themselves famous novels of all times. All of them are representatives of the nobility. Each of them stands out for its character, actions and other qualities that are remembered by the reader and stored in memory for a lifetime. All three have one thing in common a common problem- loneliness.
Alexander Chatsky is educated and smart, noble and honest, young and ardent. He boldly speaks out about the problem of serfs and other problems of his time. Despite the fact that his words are not without some truth, no one responds to them. His fellow citizens, Muscovites, present his actions as an element of psychological disorder. Labeled a mad man, he leaves with his head held high, remaining misunderstood.
Evgeny Onegin is the most sympathetic character for many readers. Initially, it seems that he is the same spoiled rake as everyone else in St. Petersburg. He is handsome, so he is in demand among ladies, attends evenings, theaters and leads a free lifestyle. But soon Evgeniy became bored with such a life. It is there that he meets Lensky and kills him. His story with Tatyana Larina leaves nothing but indifference in the hero’s soul. Only when he meets the young widow again does he throw himself into her lap and beg for love. Tatyana, out of conscience, does not reciprocate, dooming Evgeny Onegin, like Chatsky, to loneliness.
Pechorin has a successful career - he is an army officer. A socialite he was not and was not interested in politics as well. The character of the novel “A Hero of Our Time” remains a selfish person throughout the entire work. He, without hesitation, destroys the destinies of other people. Pechorin is called Onegin's younger brother. He also gets shot in a duel, which leads to the death of his comrade. He treats Princess Mary just as cruelly, just as Onegin did with Tatiana. Pechorin's act can be called even more daring and cruel.
Of all three characters, critics consider only Chatsky to be a figure, who was subject not only to bold speeches. Another significant difference between Chatsky and Onegin and Pechorin is that Alexander, having fallen in love with Sophia, is truly sincere and tries with all his might to protect her from everything evil in the world.
And yet, everyone is interested in how Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin and Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov could create such different, but at the same time similar characters. Contemporaries believe that Onegin, Chatsky and Pechorin can be called “ extra people"in their separate worlds. Another interesting fact is that Pushkin wrote the novel in verse, which gives Onegin more romantic image. Lermontov's work is the first psychological novel, which makes the reader penetrate deeper into the essence of his nature. But Griboyedov has a tragedy, the title of which reveals the whole essence of the work. Summing up, we can realize that all three representatives did not find a place in life and were forced to become lonely and abandoned.
Several interesting essays
- Essay based on the painting by Gerasimov After the rain (wet terrace) 6th grade description
We see an image of a terrace after rain. This natural phenomenon itself can be interpreted in two ways.
- Analysis of the chapter Sofia from the work Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow by Radishchev
The chapter begins with words about silence. Beginning The narrative sets the reader up for reflection, which is interrupted by a conflict situation and negative emotions.
- Analysis of the Lyuban chapter of the work Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow
Lyuban – chapter 4 of Radishchev’s legendary work Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow. According to most readers, it is one of the most known parts this story. The reason for such
- Essay based on Rylov’s painting Green Noise (description)
Arkady Rylov is an outstanding Russian landscape artist born in 1870. His canvases surprise with their mood and beauty, thereby delighting not only the audience but also the performer himself.
And no one except the boy has the desire to quickly find himself there, behind the glass, where there are no gray and boring frames and window sills and there are absolutely no conventions and restrictions.
To the question of Comparison of the heroes of "Woe from Wit" and "Eugene Onegin" asked by the author Den1ska the best answer is “Woe from Wit” by A. S. Griboyedov and “Eugene Onegin.” The main characters of these works, Chatsky and Onegin, are representatives of the advanced noble intelligentsia. The authors consider their characters and destinies in inextricable connection with time, with the social movement. The destinies of Chatsky and Onegin are in many ways similar. Onegin is the son of a “squandered” nobleman. Chatsky was brought up in the house of a rich uncle. It is easy to imagine what kind of education they received. Chatsky recalls with a grin the index finger of the teacher, who inspired his students that there is no happiness for Russians without Germans. Evil irony is heard in his question: Why today, just like in ancient times, Are regiments busy recruiting teachers, in larger numbers, at a cheaper price? Pushkin, saying about Onegin’s upbringing, rightly notes: We all learned a little something and somehow. Chatsky and Onegin are brought even closer together by their attitude to society, to the “light”. Onegin, tired of balls and social dinners, flees from the capital to the village. But here, too, “an eternal conversation about rain, about flax, about the barnyard” awaits him. His habits, behavior, “soul-sick laziness” cause bewilderment and dissatisfaction among his neighbors. Chatsky, passionately loving Sophia, could not stay in her father’s house. Everything there seemed lifeless to him. In Moscow, “yesterday there was a ball, and tomorrow there will be two.” A young, inquisitive mind needs food, it needs new impressions. Chatsky leaves the capital for a long time. “I wanted to travel around the whole world,” he says about himself. Onegin, living in the village, also felt his worthlessness, his uselessness, his inability to be a friend (relationship with Lensky), to love (relationship with Tatyana). “He was overcome by anxiety, a desire to change places.” “Changing places,” observations, thoughts caused by this, do not pass without a trace for the heroes. Pushkin calls his Onegin, returning from a trip, “very chilled and saturated with what he saw.” Thus, the worldviews of Chatsky and Onegin are finally formed. These are no longer youths, but adults, with rich life experience behind your shoulders. And now the fundamental differences between these literary types. Onegin sees the emptiness of the life around him, the idle lordship, lies and falsehood reigning around, but he does not even think about actively fighting them. He is too well-mannered, too cold-blooded to make accusatory speeches in the living rooms of St. Petersburg in front of a crowd of laughing fools. His protest is expressed in another way. With his entire appearance he reveals a silent reproach. Pushkin describes Onegin this way: But who is this in the chosen crowd, standing silent and foggy? Faces flash in front of him, Like a series of annoying ghosts. Chatsky behaves completely differently. He is easily irritated, personal drama makes him especially vulnerable. Appearing at Famusov’s ball, he creates, in the words of I. A. Goncharov, such a “commotion” that he is mistaken for a madman. In his actions there is no cold calculation, egoism, which are characteristic of Onegin. Chatsky’s weapon is a punishing word. He demands “service to the cause.” He languishes among the empty, idle crowd of “tormentors, sinister old women, quarrelsome old men.” Chatsky demands space and freedom for his age. He announces that the “past century” is being replaced by a new one, bringing an ideal “ free life"Goncharov in his article “A Million Torments” talks about the typicality of Chatsky and Onegin. These types will invariably arise at a turning point. Onegins are “superfluous” people in their midst; their appearance always indicates trouble, the impending collapse of the social order. These people are head and shoulders above their contemporaries, they are noted for their insight and “sharp, cooled mind.” The Chatskys continue, develop what they started with “superfluous” people, they not only silently condemn and despise. The Chatskys openly hate, denounce, ridicule. “Chatsky is a sincere and ardent figure,” says I. A. Goncharov.
In the 10-20s of the last century in Russia, anti-serfdom sentiments intensified among the leading part of the nobility. The first secret societies were created, ideas spread throughout the country bourgeois revolutions. On one side of the barricades there were reactionaries, on the other - progressive nobles, future Decembrists. There were also representatives of the noble class who were not reactionaries, but did not join secret societies and did not have freedom-loving thoughts. It was at such a time that A. S. Pushkin began work on the first chapters of the novel “Eugene Onegin”, and in the same years A. S. Griboyedov created his immortal comedy “Woe from Wit”.
Chatsky and Onegin, the main characters of these works, are the same age. These are young and energetic nobles. But the difference between the two images is immediately obvious. Chatsky, like Onegin, was brought up in an atmosphere of reaction, but he learned and became an educated person. Griboyedov's hero “writes and translates nicely.” Work for Chatsky is not a heavy burden; he sees progress in enlightenment. Onegin was brought up in the French manner, and Pushkin himself jokingly notes that he is a home teacher.
So that the child does not get tired,
I taught him everything jokingly,
I didn’t bother you with strict morals...
We all learned a little bit
Something and somehow...
Onegin spent eight years in idle Petersburg, where he went to receptions and balls, went to bed after midnight, and got up after noon. He understood the emptiness and worthlessness of such a life, but did not begin to fight it. Onegin retired to his estate, tried to engage in some kind of activity, but “he was sick of persistent work.” Chatsky also had an estate, but he “managed it carelessly,” that is, he treated the peasants well. His nature is outraged by the forced position of the serfs. Chatsky gives examples of how serf owners treated people who more than once saved their home, honor, and the lives of their owners.
Onegin is also trying to start organizing his serfs:
In his wilderness the desert sage,
He is the yoke of the ancient corvée
I replaced it with easy quitrent;
And the slave blessed fate.
But the author reports that this was done “just to pass the time.” All the activities of Onegin the reformer were limited to this. Evgeniy does not care about the fate of the peasants; his “chilled mind” inspires the hero that he only needs to take care of himself. He is an individualist.
Both heroes are contemptuous of high society. They are smart and reasonable, so they see all the emptiness and worthlessness of secular St. Petersburg and Moscow. “What new will Moscow show me?” - Chatsky asks on the day of his arrival to the Famusovs. He finds no change for the better. Griboyedov's hero breaks with this society completely, although he loves a girl from an environment he hates. Onegin remained a man of his circle, bearing all his vices. He killed Lensky in a duel, unable to rise above the world that he inwardly despised. Class prejudices took over, Eugene was afraid of the gossip of the “local rulers.” A critical attitude to reality and an extraordinary mind doomed him, in the absence social activities, on complete loneliness. Chatsky is not alone. Griboyedov speaks about the brother of Colonel Skalozub, an advanced officer who left the service, about the nephew of Princess Tugoukhovskaya, who is enthusiastically studying chemistry and botany.
Chatsky has a more sensitive soul than Onegin. Onegin seems to be a reasonable egoist. He does not understand the depth of Tatyana's requests. The basis of his feelings is selfishness. Chatsky sincerely loves Sophia. He is completely transformed when he sees her. But Sophia is a person Famusov society, and Chatsky finds the strength to leave Moscow.
In the images of Chatsky and Onegin we clearly see different people of the same era. Somewhat similar, they represent the different paths that society followed at the beginning of the 19th century: the path of protest and the path of cold contemplation.
There are no similar entries.
After Russia's victory in Patriotic War 1812, during which the Russian nation experienced an extraordinary thing. the rise of patriotic self-awareness, the unity of all segments of the people under the banner of the liberation of the Motherland, a period of reaction began in the country. Russia turned into the gendarme of Europe, and the freedom-loving sentiments of the leading part of the Russian nobility were ignored by the autocracy. The country was divided into two opposing camps: the reactionary serf-owners and the democratic intelligentsia, who were preparing a revolutionary coup d'etat. There was a third social group among the nobility, which did not join secret societies, but political system in Russia it was perceived critically. IN immortal comedy“Woe from Wit” and in “Eugene Onegin” were embodied in the images of the main characters various movements first in the nobility quarter of the XIX century.
Chatsky and Onegin are the same age, representatives of the capital's aristocracy. These are young, energetic, educated people. Both of them are above their social environment because they are smart and reasonable and see all the emptiness and worthlessness secular society. Chatsky angrily denounces those people who are the pillars of noble society:
Where, tell us fathers of the fatherland,
Which ones should we take as models?
Aren't these the ones who are rich in robbery?
Onegin, too, “was bored with the noise of the world,” its idleness, vanity, and lack of spirituality. He experiences severe disappointment from aimlessly wasting his life and, “throwing aside the burden of the conditions of light,” goes to his estate.
Both heroes are quite educated: Chatsky “writes and translates well,” Onegin “read Adam Smith,” “knew quite a bit of Latin.” Of course, these are people of the same circle, level of development, critically perceiving reality, painfully searching for their path in life. I'm sure they would interesting interlocutors for each other, having met somewhere at a ball in Moscow. I already seem to see how they make caustic, critically witty remarks to the important, dignified guests passing by. “The most empty of people, of the most stupid,” Chatsky would have responded about the most inflated government official, filled with feigned self-esteem, and Onegin, with “suffering arrogance” in his face, would certainly have agreed with him.
But this, in my opinion, is where the similarities between the heroes end.
They are united only by the same social position and critical perception of reality, contempt for the “empty world.” But Chatsky is a socially active, active person, true patriot. He sincerely wants to serve his fatherland, to apply his knowledge for the benefit of the people, work is not a heavy burden for him, he sees enlightenment as a source of progress.
Onegin, having “overthrown the burden of the conditions of the world,” does not find any application for his knowledge because “he was sick of persistent work.” He has no ideals, and the thought of devoting his life to someone or something never occurs to him. Suffering from the sense of meaninglessness secular image life, from his alienation, Onegin does not seek the use of his abilities. It doesn’t even occur to him to engage in creative work.
Chatsky “managed his estate carelessly,” that is, he treated the peasants well. He is wholeheartedly outraged by the forced position of the serfs. Chatsky deliberately releases his serfs, confirming that he public views do not diverge from practice.
Onegin is completely indifferent to the fate of his peasants, “just to pass the time,” “he replaced the ancient corvée with an easy quitrent; and the slave blessed fate.” All his reform activities ended there. Onegin is concerned only with his own peace of mind, he eased the situation of the peasants insofar as he considered it progressive, in tune with the times and the books he read.
The heroes are just as different in the main thing - in love. Chatsky sincerely loves Sophia, he believes in life, in high ideals. Of course, he idealizes his beloved, and the collision of reality with the ideal severely wounds him. His pride is wounded, his disappointment is painful. How much pain and bitterness, wounded pride and angry reproach sounds in his last monologue! But Chatsky is not broken, not defeated. He realizes that Sophia is a product of that society, the vices of which he angrily denounces. Chatsky experiences this life drama painfully, like a person with a pure, big heart, but this is not the drama of his whole life. Chatsky is a socially active personality, he is full of bright ideas for transforming society, ahead of him is full of work and the struggle of life. It seems to me that he will join the Decembrists.
Onegin's soul is devastated by the abundance of petty passions and victorious novels. He is not capable of great feeling. Evgeny is quite sensitive and noble, but he is so selfish that he renounces true love, which could give his life high meaning and spiritual harmony. But by giving up love, Onegin doomed himself to complete loneliness. A critical attitude to reality, an extraordinary mind in the absence of clear social ideals, inevitably lead to life tragedy.
Onegin's belated, unclaimed love is a symbol of life's collapse.
The images of Chatsky and Onegin embody two directions in public life nobility early XIX century: conscious, active protest against injustice social order and passive rejection of outdated social orders, a painful search for harmony within oneself, a path to nowhere.