Our country's submarine fleet has always represented a force that could not be ignored. After the collapse of the USSR, the development program submarine fleet in Russia by known reasons slowed down. However, since the 2000s, such a breakthrough has been made in this regard that even many foreign experts were surprised by the changes taking place. At the same time, the Russian leadership is not going to stop there. We will not reveal all the secrets of modernization and the creation of new submarine projects; we will only talk about those Russian submarines that, according to our overseas partners, are the main threat to them.
"Pike-B"
The first place in this list is occupied by nuclear submarines of Project 971 “Shchuka-B” (aka “Akula” according to NATO classification). They belong to the third generation boats and began entering service with the fleet in 1984. The latest advanced modifications pose a particular danger. Multi-purpose "Pikes" are designed to intercept enemy submarines, protect their own and destroy other surface ships. In addition to eight torpedo tubes capable of firing torpedoes, missile-torpedoes, as well as installations for launching cruise missiles (including those with nuclear warheads), no less important “weapons” of the “Akula” are its stealth and low noise.
"Halibut" and "Varshavyanka"
The second and third positions are occupied by the sister submarines Halibut (Project 877) and Varshavyanka (Project 636). Both types are the quietest in their class; the Varshavyanka even received the nickname “Black Hole” in NATO. The designers initially (the main project was created in the 70s of the last century) were given the task of creating a submarine that was guaranteed to emerge victorious in a duel situation. That is, she had to detect and destroy the enemy submarine before it understood anything. And this task was completed. "Halibut" is armed with six torpedo tubes, and "Varshavyanka" (these submarines latest version today being built for the Black Sea Fleet) also has launchers for firing Kalibr cruise missiles. Both types of submarines are readily purchased abroad. Our Halibuts and Varshavyankas are already serving in Algeria, Vietnam, India, and China.
"Borey"
The Project 955 strategic submarine missile carrier Borei was also included in the list of storms of the seas. This is the first submarine entirely designed and built in post-Soviet Russia. The Borei is armed with ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads and torpedo tubes capable of firing an entire arsenal of weapons to destroy surface and submarine ships. The nuclear reactor provides the submarine with an underwater speed of up to 30 knots; it is capable of diving to depths of up to 480 m and staying under water for 90 days. Three boats of this class are already in service with the Russian Navy and are capable of performing their assigned mission anywhere in the World Ocean. By 2020, the Russian Ministry of Defense plans to put eight more Boreevs into service.
"Ash"
Well, the latest nuclear submarine of Project 885 “Ash” closes the list of “thunderstorms from under the water”. This is the most modern and most expensive Russian nuclear-powered multi-purpose submarine of the fourth generation. The first ship "Severodvinsk" entered the Northern Fleet in 2014. Sufficiently powerful weapons (homing torpedoes and cruise missiles with a firing range of up to 400 miles) allow the Yasen to hit targets underwater, on water and on land equally effectively.
The boat's hull is made of low-magnetic steel and covered with rubber, which makes it invisible to the enemy. The huge spherical antenna of the hydroacoustic complex, located in the bow of the submarine, allows sailors to hear the enemy ship long before it detects them. An underwater speed of 35 knots, the ability to dive to 600 m and stay under water for up to 100 days make the Yaseni a very powerful and modern weapon.
Last year, the submarine fleet essentially celebrated its centenary. The first deep cruiser appeared in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century - as a peaceful research vessel, which was designed by the zoologist Schottländer. But his plans for scientific study seabed It was not destined to come true - the First World War broke out. And already in January 1915, Germany sent the world's first military submarine to the coast of France, shocking everyone with this new type of weapon, which no one yet knew how to fight.
For a hundred years, humanity has managed to turn deep-sea boats into a real atomic nightmare. Okhrana.ru invites you to remember the coolest submarines in the world.
5 - "Rubis" and "Barracuda" (France)
The first French nuclear submarines were launched in 1979 and - just think! - still in business! The name Rubis ("Ruby") reflects the non-standard history of the creation of these submarines - the prototype here was not a multi-purpose submarine, but a real nuclear one with ballistic missiles. The missile compartment was “cut off” from it and the multifunctional cruiser “Rubis” was obtained. Gems require cutting, or, as in the old joke about Russian eyeliner, “now file it!” Despite beautiful name, the smallest dimensions in the world and a low price, these cars did not become popular - in the 90s, accidents happened to them, leading to the death of 10 people. Therefore, they are being replaced by more advanced Barracudas - today this program for the construction of multi-purpose submarines is considered a priority for the French fleet. The new “fish” will be very long – 99 meters! But at the same time more inconspicuous than “Rubies” (74 meters). Maximum dive - 350 meters, speed - 25 knots, crew - 60 people, and the cost is 30% lower than its predecessors.
4 - "Astute" (UK)
The British, prim in their pathos, are trying to keep up with global trends in the construction of underwater giants. So the submarines of the "Astyut" ("Astute") class - however, according to the British themselves - are tripled inside much more complex than the space shuttle starship! But this is what it is: today these are truly the largest and most powerful submarines guarding the islands of Britain. There is one BUT - and here the pathos ends - there is no need to talk about “Astute” in the plural - only one copy was released! The remaining six appear to have remained stuck in the slow Victorian thinking of their manufacturer. However, the only vehicle is armed with 38 Tamahawk-type missiles, has a water-jet engine and a nuclear reactor under the hood, providing 90 days of autonomy. Speed under water – 54 km/h, diving depth – 300 meters, crew – 98 people. Thus, the “Slick Englishman” is quite consistent in the basic parameters of other “predators of the seabed”.
3 - "Virginia" (USA)
These nuclear-powered cruisers replaced the small but considered perfect Seawolf submarines, the main advantage of which was the ability to dive to 600 meters. " sea wolves"Only three units were built - they are still in service, but the series was discontinued, simply because the States radically changed the concept of using their nuclear submarines. Naturally, due to the exclusion of the USSR from the Cold War. "Wolves" were supposed to be the first turn to penetrate the "bastions" - that is, the waters controlled by the USSR fleet and monitor our ships and boats, but were not intended to openly contain them. New realities required the creation of something more multifunctional - this is how the "Virginias" appeared, which are considered submarines. fourth generation." They are capable of striking both maritime rivals and targets on land, laying mines, conducting electronic reconnaissance, directly supporting surface cruisers and secretly landing saboteurs on enemy shores. The "eyes" of American boats are retractable masts with cameras high resolution instead of a standard periscope. These nuclear submarines are also few - seven, but they are all in service. Above water they develop a speed of 46 km/h, under water - 65, immersion depth - 500 meters, crew - 120 people, power reserve and navigation autonomy are not limited.
2 - "Borey" (Russia)
If they tell you that the Cold War is over and we lost it, know that these are rhetorical scraps of Western propaganda. At least, in the escalation of the improvement of the submarine fleet, Russia and the United States continue to focus on each other, and other states timidly stand on the sidelines and do not interfere in this dispute. The same thing happens with the best nuclear-powered ships in the world - they have the Virginia, we have the Borey and the Ash. The Project 955 submarine (Borey) performs a strategic mission - to carry the latest Bulava long-range ballistic missiles. To launch this heroic projectile, the submarine does not even have to leave the pier! And then - as one of the experts said documentary film about these miracle missiles: “Where are you going, American? You live on an island!” The Bulava's flight range is 8,000 thousand kilometers, the cruiser's crew can change the direction of the missile 10 times, no air defense in the world can shoot it down, including from space. As for the nuclear submarine itself, it is capable of diving to 480 meters, thanks to the reactor it can operate in autonomous mode for three months, at at the moment it is the quietest submarine under water.
You won’t be wrong if you say that the multi-purpose submarine of Project 885 (“Ash”) has almost no drawbacks. It is on its basis that our “fifth generation” deep fleet will develop. In the future, it should replace aging units designed back in the USSR. The first nuclear submarine of this project, Severodvinsk, was transferred to the Northern Sea Fleet in 2014, and is currently undergoing the stage of so-called trial use. The nuclear power plant allows the Yasen to leave all its predecessors far behind; it can dive to 600 meters. Here, like American cars, a spherical antenna of the sonar system is installed, which occupies the entire nose. In the middle part of the nuclear-powered ship there are 10 torpedo compartments and 8 missile silos with an ammunition load of 32 Caliber cruise missiles.
We saw what “Caliber” is with our own eyes when the Caspian Fleet carried out targeted operations against terrorist targets in Syria, located 3,000 kilometers away. "Ash" is also equipped with a low-speed electric motor, which allows you to silently "sneak up" on the enemy. The standard periscope here is replaced by video masts, the information collected by them is transmitted to the center post via fiber optics. At the same time, experts argue that it is not entirely correct to compare “Ash” and “Virginia”: they have different tasks. But our submarine has no analogues on the high seas in terms of equipment, characteristics and power.
P.S. The future is already here
Not long ago it became known that the Navy of our country decided to return to service the titanium submarines of Project 945 (Barracuda), which were created in the 1980s. At that time they were the most advanced cruisers in the world - more durable than their analogues, they were absolutely “silent” in the quiet of the sea... but they were very expensive, so the project was closed. Today, the new heads of the fleet's main command recalculated the costs and decided that it would be easier to restore the Russian Barracudas than to dispose of them. But not just restored, but modernized to the level of the same “Ash”, “trained” not to detect itself at a depth of 600 meters and to detect the enemy using the latest hydroacoustics, as well as to hit sea and ground targets with “Caliber” missiles. The service life of the "titans" is 100 years, and their strength is incredible - in 1992, in the Barents Sea, one of our nuclear submarines collided with an American one: the Russian submarine escaped with minor damage to the wheelhouse, but our overseas friends wrote off their car. Today there are four submarines of this type- “Karp” and “Kostroma” and two titanium boats of the modernized project 945A - “Pskov” and “Nizhny Novgorod”.
But it can be truly breakthrough Russian project"fifth generation" nuclear submarine made of multilayer composite materials.
Which country has the largest submarine fleet? June 3rd, 2015
More details about this place in the photo
It would seem that we can roughly estimate and say which country will have the largest number submarines. But I didn't succeed. Maybe you can do it?
Think and say. Which? And under the cut, in reverse order, there will be the TOP 10 countries by the number of submarine fleets...
Every year, countries spend billions of dollars on their militaries. The armies, air forces and navies receive generous amounts of funding to maintain existing levels of combat readiness while developing and purchasing new weapons. Over the past few centuries, the powers of the world have quickly realized the importance and necessity of the navy. Not only a symbol of power and wealth, a strong navy can project power, be used as a political tool, protect commercial lines, and transport troops anywhere in the world.
For many nations, one of the most important and versatile components of their navies is the submarine. The first submarine was built in the 17th century. Over the next few hundred years, the submarine went through a large number of evolutions, greatly improving its mobility, practicality, lethality and overall capabilities. Today, submarines are a formidable force that terrifies a potential enemy. Today we look at the 10 largest submarine fleets in the world. This list is based on the total number of diesel-electric and nuclear boats owned by the state.
10. South Korea - 14 submarines.
The submarine fleet starts this list South Korea. The Republic of Korea Navy currently operates a fleet of 14 diesel-electric submarines. Currently, 12 of these submarines are German submarine Type 209 and Type 214, while two midget submarines are built in Korea. The small Type 214 boat has eight torpedo tubes and the ability to fire anti-ship missiles and mines.
9. Türkiye - 14 submarines.
All Turkish Navy submarines are diesel-electric boats and belong to the German Type 209 variant. These submarines are among the most exported types. Costing approximately $290 million, the Type 209 is capable of firing Harpoon anti-ship missiles. Starting next year, the Turkish Navy plans to replace the Type 209 with more modern German Type 214 diesel-electric submarines.
8. Israel - 14 submarines.
When you think of a maritime power, Israel certainly does not come to mind. From a military point of view, most people see Israel as a land power. Yet it is known that the Israeli Navy currently has 14 submarines (although most online sources report lower numbers). The most famous boats here are the Dolphin. Built in Germany since 1998, the Dolphin-class submarines are diesel-electric and are capable of carrying and firing Israeli nuclear weapons.
7. Japan - 16 submarines.
Today, Japan's submarine force consists of diesel-electric submarines. The oldest of them was built in 1994. Japan's newest submarines are the Soryu class. They are created using latest technologies, have a range of 11,000 kilometers and can fire missiles, torpedoes and mines.
6 India - 17 submarines.
Currently, the vast majority of India's submarine force consists of diesel-electric submarines built in Russian and German shipyards. These vessels have enabled India to project its power in coastal waters and the Indian Ocean for the past 25 years. More recently, steps have been taken to create an Indian nuclear submarine fleet. Russia's lease of an Akula-class submarine and India's development of its nuclear weapons program are clear signs that India would like to significantly expand the capabilities of its submarine fleet. Given the time and cost involved in building nuclear submarines, it is likely that diesel-electric boats will remain the backbone of the Indian Navy for the next few years.
5 Iran – 31 submarines.
No, that's not a typo, Iran does currently have the fifth largest submarine fleet in the world. Over the past few years, the Islamic Republic of Iran has begun developing new surface ships and submarines. The submarine force has been, and largely remains, focused on coastal and Gulf operations. The most modern submarines are three Russian-made diesel-electric Kilo class submarines. Built in the 1990s, these submarines provide Iran with a patrol capability of more than 11,000 kilometers and pose a real threat to any naval forces approaching Iranian shores.
4. Russia – 65 submarines.
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With the collapse Soviet Union in the early 1990s, the Soviet Navy, like most Soviet military forces, was underfunded and maintenance. Over the past few years, this situation has changed, as Russia seeks to reform and modernize its armed forces. The Russian Navy's submarine fleet is one of the branches of the armed forces that has benefited from this reform. Russia has about 30 nuclear submarines. New submarines are now being actively built, and it is likely that the submarine forces of the Russian Navy will soon be able to improve their position on this list in the coming years.
3 China - 69 submarines.
Over the past 30 years, China's military has undergone a program of massive expansion and modernization. In addition to ground and air forces, the submarine fleet has undergone significant development in order to expand functionality. China currently has about 50 diesel-electric submarines, which form the backbone of its submarine fleet. In addition, China has several nuclear ballistic missile submarines as a nuclear deterrent.
2 USA – 72 submarines.
The US Navy's submarine force is, surprisingly, not the first on this list. However, despite the fact that America has the second largest submarine fleet in the world, nevertheless, perhaps, they have the most powerful submarine fleet. Currently, the vast majority of US submarines are nuclear-powered, which means they are limited only by the amount of food and water they can carry when conducting ocean operations. Currently, the most numerous submarines are the Los Angeles class, of which about 40 are in service. Built between 1970 and 1990, the Los Angeles-class submarine costs about $1 billion, displaces nearly 7,000 tons, and can dive to depths of more than 300 meters. However, the US has now begun to replace these Cold War-era boats with newer and more modern submarines Virginia class worth about 2.7 billion dollars.
1 North Korea– 78 submarines.
The Korean People's Army Navy ranks first on this list, with 78 submarines. All North Korean submarines are diesel-electric and all displace less than 1,800 tons. The potential danger of this force was demonstrated in 2010 when a small 130-ton Yono-class submarine sank the South Korean corvette Cheonan. However, North Korea's submarines are largely considered obsolete. The bulk of the submarine fleet consists of old boats Soviet era and small homemade coastal submarines. North Korean small submarines are very good at operating in shallow waters and riverbeds. During war, they can be used for mining, reconnaissance in enemy harbors and transporting special forces to enemy shores.
The original article is on the website InfoGlaz.rf Link to the article from which this copy was made -Russia is famous for its submarine forces. It is our submarine, the Shark, that is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest underwater ship in the world.
"Seal"
"Seal" is one of the most productive Russian boats of the First World War. The main task of Russian submarines in the Black Sea was to disrupt enemy communications and prevent the delivery of strategic cargo to Istanbul. To destroy unguarded ships, boats used artillery and explosive cartridges, and to attack armed or escorted ships - torpedo weapons. In 1915-1917, the Tyulen destroyed or captured 8 enemy steamships and 33 schooners. In 1920, during the Crimean evacuation of the White Army, the boat was taken to Tunisia. In 1924, an agreement was reached on the return of the boat to the USSR, but for a number of reasons the ship was not returned.
"Crab"
"Crab" is the world's first underwater minelayer. The ship could quietly lay mines on enemy communications, carrying a reserve of 60 mines and be used as a regular submarine (it had 1 torpedo tube). The "Crab" entered service in 1915 and was actively used in combat operations in the Black Sea. Carried out a number of successful mine-layings, including near the Bosphorus. It is reliably known that a Turkish gunboat was killed by mines laid by the Crab. In 1918, the minelayer was captured by interventionists and then scuttled in Sevastopol. It was raised in 1923, but was no longer put into operation.
"Panther"
Bars-class submarine. It entered service at the end of 1916, having made several trips to enemy communications. Actively used during Civil War in Russia. On August 31, 1919, the Panther sank the English destroyer Victoria. This was the first victory of Soviet submariners and the largest warship sunk by domestic submarines. The commander of the boat, A. N. Bakhtin, was the first among submariners to be awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1922. In 1923, the Panther was renamed the Commissar, and in 1934 - the B-2. Since 1940, it was used as a floating charging station and was scrapped only in 1955.
K-21
One of the most famous boats of the Northern Fleet during the Great Patriotic War Patriotic War. She is best known for her attempt in July 1942 to attack the largest German ship, the battleship Tirpitz. However, the attack, carried out from a huge distance (23 cables) against a retreating target, could only have accidental success. However, the boat had four confirmed victories. The mines laid by K-21 killed the Norwegian steamer Bessheim and the German large submarine hunter Uj 1110. In addition, two Norwegian motorboats were sunk by the boat's artillery fire and three more were damaged. On October 23, 1942, K-21 was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In 1954, the boat was withdrawn from the fleet, and since 1983 it has been used as a branch of the Northern Fleet Naval Museum in Severomorsk.
K-162
A unique submarine and the first in the world with a titanium hull. Due to the extremely high cost of construction (more than 2 billion rubles) it received the nickname “ Goldfish" In 1969, the boat was put into operation and joined the Northern Fleet. In 1971, K-162 set a world speed record underwater. At a depth of 100 meters, a speed of 83 km/h was reached. At the beginning of the 70s, "Goldfish" on maximum speed could evade any torpedoes designed to hit submarines. In 1989, K-162 was excluded from service in the Navy, and in 2010 the boat’s hull was transferred for disposal.
K-3
K-3 - first nuclear boat Soviet fleet. Came into operation in 1958. She is known for the fact that in July 1962 she made a trip under the ice of the North Pole. In total, about 1,300 miles were covered under the ice in 178 hours and three ascents were made. K-3 became the first Soviet boat to pass the North Pole point (near the pole). The leader of the campaign was Rear Admiral A.I. Petelin, the boat commander, Captain 2nd Rank L.M. Zhiltsov, and Engineer-Captain 2nd Rank R.A. Timofeev. were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In October of the same year, the boat was given the honorary name “Leninsky Komsomol”. In 1967, during a voyage near the Faroe Islands on K-3, a severe fire broke out, resulting in the death of 38 people. crew. In 1987, K-3 was withdrawn from the fleet and turned into a training vessel. In 2011, it was planned to use the boat as a museum, but due to a lack of funds in 2013, the disposal of the legendary ship cannot be ruled out.
"Shark"
A series of six submarines that became the most powerful submarines in the world. A total of 6 Akula type boats were built. In size, Project 941 submarines (submerged displacement 48,000 tons) were three times larger than US submarines. The main armament of the boat consisted of 20 R-39 ballistic missiles with multiple warheads. One boat could cover up to 200 targets at a distance of 9000 km. Project 941 boats were part of the Northern Fleet and formed the basis of the Soviet submarine fleet in the 80-90s. In accordance with the SALT-2 treaty, three of the six submarines were disposed of. The fate of the rest is currently in doubt.
The design of the newest Russian nuclear submarines uses technological elements of Western submarines, increasing both the efficiency of the submarines and their ability to remain undetected. As a result, in wartime, a submarine can more reliably protect its deadly cargo of 16 nuclear missiles from American and NATO hunters for Russian submarines.
Submarines class "Borey" are simply huge. Each is 160 meters long and 14 meters wide, their displacement is 21 thousand tons. The OK-650B nuclear power plant with a power of 190 megawatts allows the ship to move at a speed of 15 knots on the surface and 29 knots when submerged. The boat has an unlimited range. Restrictions are related only to food supplies.
Multimedia
"Prince Vladimir": the deadliest nuclear submarine in the world
Daily Mail 11/28/2017 Boreis are one of the deadliest nuclear submarines ever built. Each of them carries sixteen RSM-56 Bulava ballistic missiles, which allows it to attack nuclear strikes anywhere in the world. This makes submarines an indispensable part of the Russian nuclear triad and provides a powerful retaliatory strike capability against any country that is the first to use nuclear weapons against Moscow.The first Russian submarine of this class, Yuri Dolgoruky, was laid down in 1996. Due to problems with financing, it was put into operation only in 2014. According to H.I. Sutton, author of Submarines of the World: Secret Shores. World Submarines: Covert Shores Recognition Guide, the recently launched fourth Borey class boat, Prince Vladimir, borrows some design features from submarines manufactured by the US and other NATO countries.
According to Sutton, "the tail section with rotating rudders and end plates on the horizontal stabilizers are the same as on the US Navy's Ohio-class submarines." The submarines are also equipped with water-jet propulsion instead of the typical propeller. Water-jet pump propulsion was first used by the Royal Navy. navy UK, but such a system has also been installed on US Navy submarines since the Seawolf class in the 1990s. Borei are the first Russian nuclear submarines equipped with such engines.
The sleek, streamlined shape of the deckhouse is another Western influence. This makes the boat similar to American submarines, although it is much longer. The basic Borey model has an unusual inclined deckhouse shape.
All of the above does not mean that new version"Borea" is a copy of Western nuclear submarines. Sutton notes that the Prince Vladimir has a “traditional double-hull design for Russian nuclear submarines. Western boats are single-hulled, which means there is only one layer of steel separating the crew from the ocean.”
Another unusual aspect of "Boreev": large number torpedoes and torpedo compartments. Nuclear submarines operate defensively, constantly hiding in the depths of the sea. They usually have only four torpedo compartments. But according to Sutton, the Borei have eight, as do the unfinished Akula-class attack submarines. This number of torpedoes is an unusual boost for a ballistic missile submarine.
InoSMI materials contain assessments exclusively foreign media and do not reflect the position of the editorial board of InoSMI.