"It went out daylight» analysis of the work - theme, idea, genre, plot, composition, characters, issues and other issues are discussed in this article.
History of creation
The elegy was written on a ship when Pushkin was sailing from Kerch to Gurzuf with the Raevsky family. This is the period of Pushkin's southern exile. Raevsky took the sick poet with him on a trip so that he could improve his health. The ship sailed on calm sea on an August night, but Pushkin deliberately exaggerates the colors in the elegy, describing the raging ocean.
Literary direction, genre
“The daylight has gone out” is one of the best examples of Pushkin’s romantic lyrics. Pushkin is passionate about Byron’s work, and in the subtitle he calls the elegy “Imitation of Byron.” It echoes some motifs of Childe Harold's farewell song. But my own impressions and emotions, inner world lyrical hero Pushkin’s works are not like the cold and dispassionate farewell to Childe Harold’s homeland. Pushkin uses a reminiscence from Russian folk song: “How the fog has fallen on the blue sea.”
The genre of the poem “The Daylight Has Gone Out” is a philosophical elegy. The lyrical hero says goodbye to the sad shores of his foggy homeland. He complains about his early youth (Pushkin is 21 years old), about separation from friends and “young traitors.” As a romantic, Pushkin somewhat exaggerates his own suffering; he is disappointed that he was deceived in his hopes.
Theme, main idea and composition
The theme of the elegy is philosophical sad thoughts associated with the forced departure from the homeland. Pushkin says that the lyrical hero “fled,” but this is a tribute to the tradition of romanticism. Pushkin was a real exile.
The elegy can be roughly divided into three parts. They are separated by a refrain (repetition) of two lines: “Noise, noise, obedient sail, Worry beneath me, gloomy ocean.”
The first part consists of only two lines. This is an introduction, creating a romantic atmosphere. The lines combine solemnity (daylight) and song motifs.
The second part describes the state of the lyrical hero, hoping for happiness in the magical distant lands of the south and crying about his abandoned homeland and everything connected with it: love, suffering, desires, disappointed hopes.
The third part contrasts the uncertainty of the future, which in the second part is associated with hope, and sad memories of the past and the foggy homeland. There the lyrical hero first fell in love, became a poet, experienced sorrow and suffering, and spent his youth there. The poet regrets the separation from friends and women.
The summary of the poem is just one and a half lines before the refrain. This is the main idea of the poem: the life of the lyrical hero has changed, but he accepts both the previous life experience and the future unknown life. The love of the lyrical hero has not faded away, that is, a person always has a personal core that is not subject to change by time or circumstances.
An obedient sail (as Pushkin solemnly calls a sail) and a gloomy ocean (actually the calm Black Sea) are symbols of life circumstances on which a person depends, but cannot influence them himself. The lyrical hero comes to terms with the inevitable, with the natural laws of nature, with the passage of time and the loss of youth, accepting all these phenomena, albeit with slight sadness.
Meter and rhyme
The elegy is written in iambic meter. Female and male rhyme alternates. There are cross and ring rhymes. Various iambic feet and inconsistent rhyme bring the narrative closer to life. colloquial speech, make Pushkin’s poetic reflections universal.
Paths and images
The elegy combines clarity and simplicity of thought and sublime style, which Pushkin achieves by using outdated words, Old Slavonicisms: sail, limits, shores, youth, cold, confidants, golden.
The sublime syllable is created by periphrases: the luminary of the day (the sun), the confidantes of vicious delusions, the pets of pleasures.
Pushkin’s epithets are precise and succinct, there are many metaphorical epithets: an obedient sail, a gloomy ocean, a distant shore, a midday land, magical lands, a familiar dream, sad shores, a foggy homeland, lost youth, light-winged joy, a cold heart, a golden spring.
Traditional epithets in combination with original ones make the speech close to folk: blue sea, evening fog, crazy love, distant borders. Such epithets are often in inversion.
There are metaphors that give life to the story: a dream flies, a ship flies, youth has faded.
On August 19, 1820, Pushkin perhaps boarded a ship for the first time and made his first sea voyage. The vastness of the sea stunned the young poet, enchanted him with its beauty and inspired him to create a new one. poetic work. The elegy “The Sun of Day Has Gone Out” was written by him on board a sailing ship sailing towards Gurzuf. In this work, Pushkin enthusiastically sees a boundless raging ocean in the Black Sea.
Analysis of the poem by A.S. Pushkin’s “The Daylight Has Gone Out” shows that the idea of the poem “The Daylight Has Gone Out” was partly inspired by the work of the English poet Byron, who was captivated by the aristocratic youth of that time. In part, the work reflected Pushkin’s youthful maximalism. In youth everything seems different than in mature years. It seems that first love is for life; the slightest disappointment gives rise to the feeling that life has lost all meaning. “The Daylight Has Gone Out” is not the only work that reflected Pushkin’s melancholic mood.
In Russian literature of the 18th-19th centuries, the elegy genre includes lyrical poems that reflect the author’s philosophical reflections on difficult questions life.
As the analysis of the verse “The Daylight Has Gone Out” shows, two repeated lines not only divide the entire poem into three parts, but also make this lyrical work related to the song. Couplet
Make noise, make noise, obedient sail, Worry beneath me, gloomy ocean...
Sounds like a chorus. But not only that. The ocean serves as a metaphor, symbolizing life with its storms, worries, joys and anxieties.
WITH folk art The poem is related to Old Slavonicisms - a sail instead of a sail, a luminary - instead of the sun, a confidante (friend). The epithets that the poet heard in peasant chants and used in this work also emphasize the songlike nature of the elegy: evening fog, crazy love, distant borders, blue sea.
The poet uses capacious means of expression, giving the story picturesqueness and brightness: youth has faded, the ship flies, the dream flies.
Analyzing the size of the verse, at some point you can come to the conclusion that the poet is violating all the rules of versification. But Pushkin does nothing by chance, just like that. Both the unequal iambic with alternating male and female rhymes, and the combination of cross and ring rhymes also bring this work closer to folk chants.
The first part of the elegy is dedicated to the nature surrounding the poet: the sunset of the evening sun, the gloomy ocean agitated overboard, darkening with the onset of night, the fog thickening over the ship. And the sound of a sail in the wind. All this inspired the poet with memories of his stormy youth, of the friends and women who surrounded him. The second part of the lyric poem is dedicated to these memories. The elegy reflected the transition from carefree youth to maturity.
The year the work was written coincided with his exile to Crimea. In tsarist Russia there was such a measure of punishment when people who were indignant against the tsarist power were expelled from capital cities to the periphery in order to avoid political unrest. And only thanks to the patronage of the Raevsky family, Pushkin this time did not end up in the Caucasus, but was sent with them to the Crimea. Nikolai Raevsky vouched for Pushkin to the Tsar and took the young poet, who needed treatment, under his wing.
In the third part of the elegy, Pushkin says that he fled from his momentary youth and friends. Can a poet lie to himself? No. His escape was spiritual. The link only accelerated and simplified this gap. In everyone's life young man there comes a moment when he realizes that he is growing up and understands that he must change something in his life. Often life changes and events push us towards this understanding. IN in this case, when Alexander Sergeevich fell out of favor with those in power, he got the opportunity to appreciate all those who surrounded him, to understand that he was wasting his mental strength and time on the wrong people. As soon as the clouds gathered over his head, the “young traitors” left him, the “momentary friends” disappeared.
Fly, ship, carry me to the distant limits By the menacing whim of the deceptive seas, But not to the sad shores of my Foggy homeland.
With these lines, the poet makes it clear that there is no return to the old life.
“The Daylight Has Gone Out” is a wonderful imitation of Byron; this romantic elegy occupies a special place in Pushkin’s creative heritage. Brief Analysis“The star of the day has gone out,” according to the plan, can be used in a literature lesson in the 9th grade to explain the material. This analysis contains all the necessary information about the work.
Brief Analysis
History of creation- the elegy was written based on impressions sea travel from Kerch to Gurzuf in 1820. Pushkin saw the sea for the first time, and it fascinated him.
Theme of the poem– the feeling of an exile who is forced to leave his beloved homeland.
Composition– three-part, parts are separated from each other by a refrain. The first contains only two lines, the second describes the state of the hero, who, on the one hand, yearns for his native land, on the other, hopes for the healing that the magical southern lands will give him.
Genre- romantic elegy.
Poetic size- multi-footed iambic with ring and cross rhyme.
Epithets – “obedient sail”, “gloomy ocean”, “distant shore”, “midday land”, “magical lands”, “familiar dream”, “sad shores”, “foggy homeland”, “lost youth”, “light-winged joy”, “cold heart”, “golden spring”.
Metaphors – “the dream flies”, “the ship flies”, “youth has faded”.
Inversions – “midday land”, “evening fog”, “distant limits”.
History of creation
The young poet traveled to Crimea with the Raevsky family. It made an indelible impression on him. It was there that Pushkin first saw the sea, to which he later dedicated many poems. But “The Daylight Has Gone Out” became one of the best. This is the story of its creation: the poet, together with the Raevskys, sailed on a ship from Kerch to Gurzuf, it was a night journey. The sea was calm, but Pushkin, maintaining tradition, exaggerates the colors, talking about the raging ocean.” The poem was written in August 1820.
The trip with the Raevskys gave the poet inspiration and peace, but he still continued to feel like an exile - this mood is also felt in the poem he created. Mourning his early lost youth, Pushkin was sad about the life that he could have had, at the same time realizing that all external circumstances, even unfavorable ones, shape him as a creator.
Subject
The main theme is the sad reflections of the lyrical hero associated with the loss of the opportunity to visit his native land. He is an exile who yearns for his native places, persecuted by those who do not depend on him. This is the main meaning of the work.
Composition
The elegy is divided into three parts by the poet himself - he uses a two-line refrain for this.
The first part is necessary to create a romantic atmosphere; it contains song motifs.
The second part is devoted to the emotional state of the lyrical hero, who mourns his youth and abandoned homeland, with which all the aspirations of his life were connected. At the same time, the verse shows his hope that the magical southern lands will help him heal from this melancholy.
In the third part, the past, with which the lyrical hero has many memories, is contrasted with an unknown future. But in the end, he accepts his fate, resigns himself to life’s circumstances and accepts them.
Genre
It’s not difficult to determine the genre. This is a romantic elegy, an imitation of Byron's works - in his youth, Pushkin was very passionate about the work of this English poet. At the same time, in contrast to Childe Harold’s detached farewell (whose image is clearly imitated by the lyrical hero), the emotional mood Pushkin's work much brighter.
The work is written in iambic meter with alternating male and female rhymes. These techniques, as well as alternating rhyme (ring and cross) make the poem closer to ordinary speech. Thus, Pushkin shows that the problem posed in the work is universal.
In this philosophical poem, the poet poses the problem of exile and, following the romantic tradition, somewhat exaggerates it.
Means of expression
The sublime syllable, combined with clarity and simplicity of thought, makes “The Daylight Has Gone Out” perfect from the point of view artistic means. Pushkin uses the following means of expression in the elegy:
- Epithets- “obedient sail”, “gloomy ocean”, “distant shore”, “midday land”, “magical lands”, “familiar dream”, “sad shores”, “foggy homeland”, “lost youth”, “light-winged joy” , “cold heart”, “golden spring”.
- Metaphors- “the dream flies”, “the ship flies”, “youth has faded”.
- Inversions- “midday land”, “evening fog”, “distant limits”.
The poet also uses outdated words, thus creating a sublime syllable. Paraphrases are also used for this.
The main motive of the elegy is farewell to adolescence and youth, farewell to St. Petersburg. The lyrical hero yearns for the past, his soul does not want to forget the times dear to his heart:
And I feel: tears were born in my eyes again;
The soul boils and freezes;
A familiar dream flies around me;
I remembered the crazy love of previous years,
And everything that I suffered, and everything that is dear to my heart,
Desires and hopes are a painful deception...
Hence the chosen genre lyrical work- an elegy in which the poet’s sad reflections found expression in the experiences and feelings of the lyrical hero. The motif of memory plays an important role in the poem: although secular, salon life deceived many of the expectations of the lyrical hero, it could not kill either the “uplifting deception” of first love, or the joy of poetic inspiration, or the warmth and cordiality of friendly ties. The pathos of the poem is romantic: all thoughts come to the mind of the lyrical hero: night, far from home. The nature surrounding the poet is also romantic: it is the night sea, the “obedient sail,” and the enveloping water surface fog. The break with the past is not without regrets, but the poet would like to take with him all the best into the future: the Earth, a distant shore, which seems to the lyrical hero in the twilight of the night, revives hope for happiness and love. Therefore, he is not afraid of either the “gloomy ocean” or the noise of the “obedient sail.” The elegiac motifs of the work evoke not languor and melancholy, but quiet sadness and peace.
Concrete realistic details transform into a generalized symbolic plane. The dreams of the lyrical hero are unselfish. They acquire their romantic fullness on a nationwide national basis: the connection between Pushkin’s elegy and the songs of Russian folklore is characteristic. Like the song tradition, Pushkin repeats the lines three times:
Make noise, make noise, obedient sail,
Worry beneath me, sullen ocean,
which become a kind of refrain of the entire work.
The poet uses artistic and expressive means characteristic of romantic work: epithets (“to sad shores”, “to distant borders”), metaphors (“seeker of new impressions”, “former heart wounds”), personification (“changed joy”, “worry under me, gloomy ocean”) And the use of pyrrhic creates a calm, melodic intonation that conveys the scale of the depicted picture, its generalized character, and also recalls the slowness and melodiousness of Russian folk songs.
The analysis of this poem, I am sure, will be very interesting, since it is quite long and contains many interesting images.
So, the poem is, first of all, philosophical. Alexander Pushkin talks on the seashore, remembers turning to the inanimate... For example, he admits to his father's lands that he fled from them. The poem can also be called landscape, as the poet paints a beautiful picture of a sunset on the sea.
Of course, there are many outdated words in the poem, they give a feeling of additional solemnity. Pushkin uses words such as “youth”, “confidantes”, “sail” and the like. An interesting expression, for example: “to run away from someone.” Often there are non-modern endings: “I strive.”
However, it is clear that during Alexander Sergeevich’s time this was normal speech.
So, the poet often turns to the wind and the ocean, calling on the first to make noise and the second to worry. This is the desire for storm, fun, purification. Calm would be boring for a descendant of an Ethiopian. In addition, I think that the excitement of this ocean reflects the feelings of Alexander Pushkin himself.
The poem begins simply with a description of an evening at sea, with the first appeal of the hero of the poem to the ocean and the wind. Then the hero describes what he sees: the shore in the distance... for Pushkin this is not just a picturesque place, but fairyland, where he strives, worried and yearning. No, this is not a dream that he himself came up with, this is a place from which the poet has wonderful memories. The hero emphasizes that his feelings bring tears to his eyes, dreams fill his mind... as if he saw his native place, a school building, for example. But, of course, the poet would not be a poet if he had not added a few words about love. He remembers his suffering, the madness of falling in love, which turned out to be a deception.
Unable to find a place for himself from excitement, Pushkin asks the ship to fly, which is already fast, even faster. To the “shores”, not sad, but joyful. He remembers the smiles of the Muses: these could be poems, or loves... He even says that his youth remained there, compared to a flower that withered too early. Joy flew away from him like a bird, so he went for new impressions to distant lands. He found “momentary” friends and cheaters, but they were quickly forgotten, but the wounds of his youth on those shores are still in his heart. Apparently, the poet would like to try again to become happy on his native shores.
Analysis of the poem The daylight went out
The elegy was written during Pushkin’s exile, when he was on a ship with the Raevskys from Kerch. The Raevskys took Pushkin on a trip so that the poet could improve his health. The work was written at night, the weather was fine, but the poet deliberately exaggerates the colors, describing the restless ocean.
This elegy is an example of romantic lyrics. In the subtitle we see “Imitation of Byron,” and this is not strange, because Pushkin was crazy about Byron’s works. In the work one can find similarities with the motives of the Childe Harold song. But the emotions of Pushkin’s hero are completely different from the emotions about Childe Harold’s farewell.
The genre of the poem is philosophical elegy. The hero laments his separation from the shores of his homeland. He complains about his youth quickly ending, about parting with friends and “cheating partners.” Pushkin exaggerates his experiences, he is consumed by unfulfilled ambitions.
The theme of the work is philosophical sad reflections in connection with the abandoned Motherland. Conventionally, the elegy can be divided into three main parts; this division is visible from the repetitions of two lines.
The first part creates a romantic mood for us, it consists of a couple of lines.
In the second part we see a description of the hero’s mental torment.
In the third part we see a confrontation between the memories of the past and the unknown future.
The result of the poem is that the hero accepts changes in life, but also does not forget about his past life experience. The work uses iambic equimeter. There is an alternation of rhymes. This is what makes the reflections in the elegy universal.
The poet uses various paths and images. The use of obsolete words in combination with periphrases gives a sublime syllable. Present huge amount metaphorical epithets. There are also metaphors, thanks to which the work appears lively.
9th, 10th grade
Analysis of the poem The daylight went out according to plan
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