There was one "outstanding political figure", one of "builders of democratic Russia" - Anatoly Alexandrovich Sobchak. Now the glory of the father has been eclipsed by the glory of the daughter, but maybe someone else remembers the father. So he, already the mayor of St. Petersburg, promoted the idea of installing a memorial to the German soldiers who died near Leningrad. According to the plan, the memorial was supposed to stand in the city of Pushkin.
And he was not alone. Several years ago in Volgograd they wanted to erect a monument to the Germans who died in Stalingrad. Germany allocated money, the authorities gave consent... and only threats to blow up this monument emanating from ordinary people, forced me to abandon its installation...
The list is, of course, incomplete, but the picture is general outline clear, right? Which monuments now need to be erected and which ones need to be demolished.
A little more time will pass and the world will quite reasonably say that the Germans did not commit atrocities in the USSR during World War II: "You see how they are still respected - they erect monuments to them and take care of them. How can this happen if we are talking about villains?..."
Upd.
:
I am not at all annoyed by the monument to the fallen French on the Borodino field. And a monument to the dead Germans in World War I would not irritate. I don't know, maybe there is one somewhere.
I am not a historian and I know history at school level, as well as according to the stories of its direct participants and therefore I believe that with the Second World War the situation is fundamentally different: firstly, in previous wars the aggressors had no plans to exterminate people simply because they were born of the “wrong nationality” and secondly, there were no attempts to implement these plans. And I consider it blasphemous to erect monuments to the dead for the sake of realizing this idea.
And adjacent settlements both during urban battles and later, when Stalingrad was being restored in a new way master plan, often not paying attention to the fact that historical relics are lost forever. But at the same time, monuments Battle of Stalingrad, created after the war, reflected the greatness of the country that won the world war, and bitterness for the millions of dead and maimed Soviet citizens.
Monuments in Volgograd
The most famous of them:
- Monument to the Motherland Calling! and other monuments on Mamayev Kurgan.
- Museum-Panorama of the Battle of Stalingrad.
- Gerhardt's Mill
In addition to well-known monuments in Russia and the world, the following are dedicated to the memory of the Battle of Stalingrad in Volgograd:
- the unrestored building of the plant director on the banks of the Volga, a witness to the defense of the bridgehead of the 138th Guards Division (Lyudnikov Island).
- "Gasitel" - fire boat of the Volga military flotilla.
- “Line of Defense” is a line of 17 turrets of T-34-76 tanks, symbolizing the line of defense of Stalingrad (Volgograd), with a length of about 30 kilometers. The idea of creating a monument appeared immediately after the end of the war. The decision to build the complex was made in February 1948, the author of the project was the Moscow architect F. M. Lysov. The first pedestal was installed on September 3, 1951, the last - three years later, on October 17, 1954. Tank turrets were assembled here, from equipment lost in the Battle of Stalingrad. Turrets of T-34 tanks of various modifications with traces of battles and holes were selected. The distance between the towers is several kilometers.
- Alley of Heroes - wide street connects the embankment to them. 62nd Army near the Volga River and the Square of Fallen Fighters. On September 8, 1985, a memorial monument dedicated to the Heroes was opened here Soviet Union and full holders of the Order of Glory, natives Volgograd region and the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad. Artwork executed by the Volgograd branch of the Art Fund of the RSFSR under the direction of the main artist of the city M. Ya. Pyshta. The team of authors included the chief architect of the project A. N. Klyuchishchev, architect A. S. Belousov, designer L. Podoprigora, artist E. V. Gerasimov. On the monument are the names (surnames and initials) of 127 Heroes of the Soviet Union, who received this title for heroism in the Battle of Stalingrad in -1943, 192 Heroes of the Soviet Union - natives of the Volgograd region, of whom three were twice Heroes of the Soviet Union, and 28 holders of the Order of Glory of three degrees
- The building of the Central Department Store (view of the pre-war facade of the building on Ostrovsky Street) - in its basement the headquarters of the 6th German Army and F. Paulus were captured. The Memory Museum is located in the basement.
- Poplar on the Square of Fallen Fighters is a historical and natural monument of Volgograd, located on the Alley of Heroes. The poplar survived the Battle of Stalingrad and has numerous evidence of military action on its trunk.
Monuments in the Volgograd region
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
- List of specially protected natural areas of the Tomsk region
- Project:USA/Technical monuments in the USA
See what “Monuments of the Battle of Stalingrad” are in other dictionaries:
Volgograd- This term has other meanings, see Volgograd (meanings). The request "Stalingrad" is redirected here; see also other meanings. The city of Volgograd ... Wikipedia
Battle of Stalingrad- Great Patriotic War, Second world war... Wikipedia
Location: Peschanka village, Sovetsky district of Volgograd.
On the outskirts of Peschanka, where the heaviest battles took place in 1942–1943, there is a strange structure, which cannot be immediately recognized as a monument. As you get closer, you can see signs of a memorial - a tombstone with a cross, flowers, wreaths... But first of all, a sharp figure made of rusty steel sheets seems to be one of the many shell fragments left here from the war and now rising from the ground and rushing into the sky. Once upon a time, this unusual sign of memory was aptly called a thorn.
The monument to all victims of the Battle of Stalingrad was erected on June 8, 1996 at the expense of Austrian citizens. The public organizations “Austrian Black Cross” and “Committee for 50 Years of Stalingrad” were involved in collecting money in 1992–1993.
In 1992 between governments Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany an agreement was concluded on the care of military graves. As part of the agreement, the German side is allowed to arrange and care for German war graves on Russian territory. In addition, the German government, at its own expense, ensures the preservation and care of Russian war graves in Germany. The agreement covers those killed during the First and Second World Wars.
Initially, in negotiations with Volgograd officials and veterans, the Austrian side insisted on installing a monument in the city center - on Predmostnaya Square (now Reconciliation Square). However, ultimately the monument was erected in Peschanka, and on Predmostnaya Square back in 1993 the Cross of Reconciliation between the peoples of Russia, Austria and Germany appeared.
The monument to all victims of the Battle of Stalingrad was created according to the design of the Austrian architect Johann Boyle. It looks deliberately simple, even rude. The sharp 10-meter edge of the pyramid made of ordinary steel, subject to rust, symbolizes the tools and materials of war in all their ugliness. "Thorn" leans towards a tombstone with a Catholic cross.
On the other side of the monument lies a granite slab. The inscription in German and Russian reads: “This monument is dedicated to all the victims of the Battle of Stalingrad 1942–43. It recalls the suffering of the soldiers and civilians who fell here. For those who fell here and died in captivity from all countries, we pray for eternal peace in the Russian land.”
Despite the exhaustive inscription, the Thorn is sometimes referred to as a monument dedicated to the Austrians who died during the First and Second World Wars. But this is not so, the memorial was created in memory of all victims of the war, regardless of nationality or affiliation with any of the warring parties.
In September 1942, the Germans broke through to Stalingrad from three directions. In the south, in the steppe near Peschanka there were fierce battles. To this day, not far from the monument you can see the remains of the fortifications of those times - trenches, artillery caponiers.
Operational report from September 9, 1942
40th Army. During September 8, two battalions of the 206th Infantry Division fought a firefight in the area 2 kilometers southwest of the village of Peschanka. In the battle on September 7, units of the division in the area southwest of the village of Peschanka destroyed up to 500 soldiers and officers, 4 mortar batteries, 8 machine guns, 3 wagons with ammunition; 1 enemy dugout and 1 observation post were destroyed.
Since the morning of September 8, the 64th Army, with right-flank units, repelled enemy attacks of up to two infantry regiments with 50 tanks, advancing from the direction of Voroponovo station in the direction of the Peschanka area - height 143.5.
By 15:00 on September 8, the 138th Infantry Division was fighting on the western outskirts of the village of Peschanka - an unnamed height south of mark 143.5. As a result of an enemy tank attack, the division's 343rd Infantry Regiment was almost completely destroyed. In the battle of September 8, 18 enemy tanks were knocked out and burned.
On September 11, Peschanka was captured by Nazi troops. There were bloody battles in Stalingrad, and here, in Peschanka, wounded and killed German soldiers were brought en masse to the local hospital and cemetery. According to various sources, from 15 to 27 thousand soldiers and officers of the German side are buried here.
In addition to the unusual “Thorn”, which is considered to a greater extent German, in Peschanka there are three mass graves s of Soviet soldiers.
In August 1942, in the area of Peschanka, a Soviet Pe-2 bomber plane was attacked by a German fighter, caught fire and exploded. He was returning to his airfield in the Volga region. The names of the three dead pilots could not be established. Residents of Peschanka buried them in the local cemetery, and an airplane propeller became a monument to the pilots.
A mass grave in the center of Peschanka appeared in 1943 after the liberation of the village from invaders; in 1965, an obelisk by the sculptor Shelkov was installed here. The tombstones bear the names of 117 fallen Soviet soldiers - officers and soldiers, but the true number of those buried here is unknown.
In a battle in the Peschanka area on January 22, 1943, the famous sniper Maxim Passar, one of the most effective snipers of the Battle of Stalingrad, who killed more than 200 enemy soldiers and officers, died. Soviet troops attacked enemy positions, but two machine guns firing from cover prevented the attackers from getting closer. Passar was able to get within 100 meters of the machine gunners and destroyed both crews. The attack was successful, but Maxim Passar himself was killed.
On January 25, 1943, in the battle near Peschanka, messenger Maxim Fefilov, who took command of the company after the death of the commander, led the soldiers into the attack. Under heavy enemy fire, Fefilov's riflemen broke through the barrage and were the first to occupy Peschanka. In this battle, more than 100 German soldiers and officers were killed, and more than 200 were captured.
The monument to all victims of the Battle of Stalingrad and three mass graves are looked after to the best of their ability local residents- students and teachers of school No. 114 and local TOS. The Austrian delegation, which comes to Peschanka every year, also contributes to the maintenance of the international memorial.
"Austrian Black Cross" - international public organization in Austria, founded in 1919 to organize soldier burials and care for the graves of soldiers of all nationalities. In addition, he deals with the burials of those killed during the bombings, victims of political repression and refugees. It exists through donations. The headquarters is located in Vienna.
Monument to the Glory of Generations
The Monument to the Glory of Generations was installed on central square Volgograd - the Square of Fallen Fighters, with which heroic pages of history are connected.
In days great battle on the Volga the area became the scene of fierce battles. On January 31, 1943, the Nazis threw a white flag of surrender over it, and Field Marshal Paulus, who had surrendered, emerged from the basement of a dilapidated department store - his last headquarters.
The Square of Fallen Fighters witnessed a solemn meeting dedicated to the defeat of the fascist hordes at Stalingrad. There, next to the mass grave of the workers, the defenders of the city who died in the battles of 1942 - 1943 were buried.
In 1957, a single granite monument was built on the mass graves - an obelisk and a tombstone.
On Mamayev Kurgan
Mamayev Kurgan is the dominant height over the city. During the Battle of Stalingrad it was the site of the most fierce fighting, key position city defense.
The defenders of Stalingrad well understood the meaning of the mound and figuratively called it main height Russia. There they took an oath: “Not a step back!”, “There is no land for us beyond the Volga!”, “Fight to the death!” For almost 140 days and nights, lead showers raged over Mamayev Kurgan; the Nazis frantically rushed to this height, but were never able to capture it completely. The mound turned black, as if charred, from the cruel fire; during the fighting, the earth on it was thickly mixed with iron fragments and blood. The top of the mound changed hands many times, and its northeastern slopes were firmly held by Soviet soldiers throughout the entire period of hostilities.
Residents of the city brought Mamayev Kurgan back to life. They took mines, unexploded shells and bombs out of its wounded land, laid out squares and parks on it, and covered it with a green carpet of grass. A grandiose sculptural ensemble was built on Mamayev Kurgan, immortalizing the feat of the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad.
In front of the stairs to the mound is the introductory composition “Memory of Generations”. It depicts people different ages carrying a wreath to the grave of fallen heroes. An alley of pyramidal poplars leads to the first square of the ensemble. In the center of the square, a 12-meter figure of a Russian warrior-hero appears to be growing out of a rock, surrounded by a swimming pool. At the foot of the sculpture there are inscriptions: “Not a step back!”, “Fight to the death!”
The ruined walls adjacent to the square give the impression of the streets of a destroyed city. On the walls appear figures and faces of the city’s defenders, relief scenes telling about front-line life and the exploits of soldiers. The walls are painted with excerpts from military orders, protocols of party and Komsomol meetings, and oaths of soldiers.
The next terrace of the ensemble is Heroes Square. In its center is a huge water parterre. The calm surface of the water reflects six sculptural compositions telling about the exploits of warriors and episodes of the battle.
The other side of the water parterre is bordered by a 112-meter wall, made in the form of an unfolded and greatly elongated banner. On the wall are the words: “The iron wind hit them in the face, and they all walked forward, and again a feeling of superstitious fear gripped the enemy: were people going to attack, were they mortal?!”
Granite steps lead from Heroes Square to the hall Military glory. The entrance, decorated with gray concrete slabs, resembles a dugout. The round building of the hall with a light suspended ceiling is made in the style of the ancient Greek pantheon. 34 symbolic red banners hang along the high walls lined with gold smalt. The names of 7201 fallen in the Battle of Stalingrad are inscribed on them. Above the banners is a wide ribbon with the inscription: “Yes, we were mere mortals, and few of us survived, but we all fulfilled our patriotic duty to the sacred Motherland.”
In the center of the hall there is a marble hand with a flaming torch of the sacred Eternal Flame.
A spiral ramp leads from the Hall of Military Glory to the Square of Sorrow, the main sculptural composition which is the figure of a woman-mother. In deep sorrow she bent over the fallen warrior. Mother's boundless grief intensifies weeping willows, growing over a pond in front of the sculpture.
A mound rises from the Square of Sorrow. During the construction of the monument, the remains of dead soldiers were transferred there from mass graves located on the territory of the city.
On 34 granite symbolic slabs located along the serpentine path along the slope of the mound, the names of the most distinguished participants in the great battle, who died defending the city and died after the war, are carved.
The monument-ensemble is crowned with a 52-meter sculpture of the Mother Motherland, who in anger raised a punishing sword. Mother Motherland calls her sons to fight the enemies.
A talented team of sculptors, architects, and engineers worked on the ensemble under the leadership of Hero of Socialist Labor E. Vuchetich.
The entire monument-ensemble is made of concrete. Its construction took place from January 1961 to May 1967. The monument was unveiled on October 15, 1967.
M. Aleshchenko, V. Matrosov, L. Maystrenko, A. Melnik, V. Morunov, A. Novikov,
A. Tyurenkov; head of the engineering group N. Nikitin; military consultant Marshal of the Soviet Union
V. Chuikov.
Panorama Museum
On the steep bank of the Volga, on the site of the fierce battles for Stalingrad, a memorial ensemble was created - the museum-panorama “Battle of Stalingrad”. Panoramic part of the complex "Destruction" Nazi troops near Stalingrad" opened on July 8, 1982. This is a monumental work of art about the Great Patriotic War.
The museum complex includes 7 exhibition halls, 4 dioramas and a triumphal hall. The canvases depict the most striking pages in the history of the great battle on the Volga. The entrance hall of the panorama leads to the artistic canvas, the ceiling of which is decorated with heraldry - signs of the branches of the troops that participated in the battle. They are made of smalt and placed along the curly ribbon of the medal “For the Defense of Stalingrad”. In the center of the hall is the Order of Victory.
The culmination of the events depicted in the panorama is the breakthrough of the enemy defense by the troops of the 21st Army of General I. Chistyakov from the west and the forces of the 62nd Army of General V. Chuikov from the east with the aim of dismembering the enemy group. The panorama conveys the grand scale of the Battle of Stalingrad. The canvas depicts the military actions of the troops that took part in the encirclement and defeat of the Nazi formations. The artists managed to create a generalized image of the battle and reflect the most striking and characteristic episodes of the heroic battle. Events are shown both on the battlefield and in the immediate rear of the units: reserves are being pulled together, shells are being transported, and assistance is being provided to the wounded.
The canvas reproduces not only individual episodes of the battle and heroic deeds of soldiers, but also the strategic plan for the final blow of the Soviet troops at Stalingrad. The dimensions of the panorama, one of the largest in the world artistic practice, allowed to be placed freely without distorting historical truth, all big picture battle spread over a large area.
The observation deck of the panorama is conventionally located at the top of Mamayev Kurgan. Main topic panoramas - the greatness of the feat Soviet people. All artistic means are subordinated to the embodiment of this idea.
P. Zhigimont, P. Maltsev,
G. Marchenko, M. Samsonov, F. Usypenko.
Project unique complex developed by a group of architects and engineers under the leadership of architect V. Maslyaev.
"Connecting Fronts"
During fierce defensive battles on the approaches to Stalingrad, Soviet troops stopped the enemy on a front stretching more than 800 km. The main forces of the Nazi troops were drawn into heavy, bloody battles between the Don and Volga rivers.
The Headquarters of the Supreme High Command developed a plan for encircling the Stalingrad enemy group under the code name “Uranus”. The troops of the Southwestern and Stalingrad fronts were supposed to unite in the Kalach-Sovetsky area and surround units and formations of the enemy’s 6th field and 4th tank armies.
On November 19 and 20, 1942, the troops of the Southwestern, Don and Stalingrad fronts, after powerful artillery preparation, launched a decisive offensive. As a result of bold actions, the 26th Tank Corps of General A. Rodin crossed the Don and on November 23 fought Kalach.
On the same day, units of the 4th Tank Corps of General A. Kravchenko of the Southwestern Front and the 4th Mechanized Corps of General V. Volsky of the Stalingrad Front united in the Sovetsky area. 22 enemy divisions and more than 160 separate units were surrounded.
To commemorate this event, the “Union of Fronts” monument was erected in 1953 in the Kalachevsky district at lock No. 13 of the Volga-Don Shipping Canal. The multi-figure 16-meter composition depicts a meeting of soldiers from two fronts. On the pedestal there are two memorial plaques with texts:
“On November 23, 1942, in the Kalach area, Soviet troops of the Southwestern and Stalingrad fronts, in cooperation with troops of the Don Front, completed the operational encirclement of the enemy, which led to the subsequent defeat of the 330,000-strong group of fascist German troops that broke through to the Volga.”
“Our descendants will never forget the greatness of spirit and the fabulous fortress of Russian soldiers along the banks of the Don and Volga. In the battles to encircle Nazi troops, the 19th, 45th, 69th, 157th, 102nd tank, 14th motorized rifle and 36th mechanized brigades distinguished themselves.”
A monument to the Romanian soldiers and officers who died in Stalingrad was erected in Volgograd. A memorial monument with the inscription: “In memory of the Romanian prisoners of war of the Second World War who died in Russia” was opened in the Krasnoarmeysky district by a delegation from Romania together with officials of the administration of Volgograd and the administration of the Volgograd region. The installation of the monument is connected with Romania’s initiative to perpetuate the memory of its soldiers and officers who died in the Battle of Stalingrad, V1.ru was told in the administration of the Volgograd region. “Between Russia and Romania, back in 1995, agreements were concluded to ensure the safety and order of maintenance of Russian military graves abroad and foreign military graves in the Russian Federation,” the administration reported. - As part of these agreements, in 1996, at the request of the War Memorials association, the Volgograd administration provided a plot of land in the village of Sacco and Vanzetti in the Krasnoarmeysky district for indefinite use. It was transferred for the arrangement of the cemetery for foreign prisoners of war of the 1st department of the 108th Beketovsky camp. In 2005, an agreement was concluded between the governments of Russia and Romania that military personnel, including those captured, and people killed or died during the First and Second World Wars and in the post-war period, buried on the territory of the two countries, have the right to a worthy place of rest, the creation and maintenance of which must be properly ensured. On this basis, the Romanian side and “War Memorials” expressed a desire to erect a memorial sign in the period from May 10 to 15 of this year. Representative of the association of international military memorial cooperation “War Memorials” Sergei Chikhirev told V1.ru that the installation of a memorial stone in the Krasnoarmeysky district is due to the fact that the remains of 35 Romanian prisoners of war rest on the territory of the cemetery. - The initiative for the installation belongs to the Romanian consulate and authorities, as well as organizations involved in the care of war graves. It is difficult to single out just one. It was more of a general idea. The monument was prepared in advance and brought to Volgograd,” explained Sergei Chikhirev. - From Romania, the ambassador and his family, the consul from Rostov-on-Don, and embassy workers were present at the opening of the monument. There are about 10 people in total. Representatives from Volgograd were represented by employees of the international relations committee of the regional administration and the deputy head of the Krasnoarmeysky district. Everyone met at the cemetery, and the Romanians thanked the Volgograd authorities for the opportunity to install the monument and constructive cooperation. The whole event took 20-30 minutes. The ambassador mentioned in his speech that there are about 300 graves and monuments to Soviet soldiers on the territory of Romania. They guarantee to take care of them. Then the Romanians went to Astrakhan to unveil a small monument. In the near future, they plan to open a prefabricated cemetery in the city of Apsheronsk, Krasnodar Territory. There they are going to perpetuate the memory of not only soldiers and prisoners of war, but also civilians who lived in the south of Russia. In Romania, there is a special program that allocates funds for the installation of such monuments. According to a representative of War Memorials, the opening of the monument at the combined Hungarian-German-Romanian cemetery is explained primarily by pragmatic reasons. - Mostly Germans are buried in the cemetery in the villages of Sacco and Vanzetti. There are about 120 of them and 35 Romanians. There are fewer Hungarians there. The installation of the monument there is due to the fact that it is easier to care for the graves and the monument. The opening of the monument will help preserve the memory of prisoners and soldiers, so that contemporaries can see who is buried in this particular place. If Romanian soldiers lie here, then it is logical to indicate this with a memorial sign. Nothing more. The reason is simple - 35 Romanian prisoners of war are buried here. Therefore, the inscription on the stone speaks of this. Another monument has stood for many years in the old cemetery in the city of Uryupinsk, Volgograd Region, where there was a hospital for prisoners of war during the war. “War Memorials” have long been engaged in the Volgograd region in the search, exhumation and establishment of the fate of foreign soldiers who fought at Stalingrad. - For recent years It was possible to discover and rebury the remains of more than 1,000 Romanian soldiers,” said Sergei Chikhirev. - They are buried at the Memorial Cemetery in Rossoshki. Two monuments have been erected to Romanians in Russia and one prefabricated cemetery has been opened in Rossoshki. There are about 300 monuments and two prefabricated cemeteries to Hungarian soldiers and prisoners of war on Russian territory. Our state takes care of them. As part of a parity partnership, the same Germans and Romanians maintain the proper burial of Soviet soldiers in their countries. Our organization provides funding and finds people who take care of foreign graves. The opening of the monument in the village of Sacco and Vanzetti was carried out