Grinev in the Belogorsk fortress. Captain's daughter (10)

Shvabrin Alexey Ivanovich is one of the negative characters of this work. In the novel, he represents the image of a young officer from a fairly wealthy family noble family. As an officer, he was demoted to the Belgorod fortress due to the murder of his comrade.

Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin did not have very beautiful facial features, but there were notes of liveliness in him. He also did not differ in height and, moreover, suffered from excessive thinness.

Among his personal qualities, Shvabrin had a fairly good mind, intelligence and wit. His dialogues are filled with poignant and fascinating themes that further engage the reader. But the way he appeared negative character Shvabrin was endowed with such qualities as slander and invention. So, for example, he described Maria Mironova as an absolute fool, but in reality she was a very smart and good-natured girl.

In many scenes he maintained his importance and a very pompous appearance. He constantly made inappropriate and rude jokes that were alien to those around him. Shvabrin always loved to laugh at someone and received great pleasure from it. This man had nothing sacred. He completely refused to believe in God, and therefore he did not care that he was ranked among the murderers.

A deceitful, impudent, and also vile man who betrayed his army and then calmly joined the forces of the impostor Pugachev. After which, Shvabrin received the position of chief in Pugachev’s detachment Belgorod fortress. And taking advantage of his position, he kidnaps Masha and holds her by force, thus trying to gain favor from her. But as a result, there is justice in everything and Shvabrin is arrested for committing treason.

Essay Image and characteristics of Shvabrin

Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin is a minor and negative hero of the story “ Captain's daughter" This is a young, educated officer from a wealthy family. He was short in stature, his face was dark and ugly. He knew French and skillfully wielded a sword.

He once served in the guard. There he stabbed one lieutenant with a sword and was sent to serve in the remote Belogorsk fortress.

In the fortress, Shvabrin meets Pyotr Grinev, who has arrived for service. At first he seems very friendly and witty person, with whom it is interesting and fun to spend time.

But, in further hero opens up on the other side. He was in love with the daughter of Captain Mironov, but she did not reciprocate his feelings. Being a vindictive, cowardly and vile person, he began to spread bad rumors about her and her family.

He quarrels with Pyotr Grinev because of his jealousy of Masha Mironova and wants to fight him in a duel. During the fight, he stabs his opponent in the back, who momentarily turns away. He writes a false letter to Grinev's father, after which Peter's mother falls ill.

Alexey Shvabrin is a dishonest and unscrupulous person. During the attack of Pugachev's gang on the fortress, he betrays his own and immediately goes over to the side of the villains. Then the impostor Pugachev appoints him commandant of the fortress. His appearance changes, he becomes important, dresses in Cossack clothes and grows a beard.

He takes advantage of his new position and forcibly holds captain's daughter I wave. He treats her poorly, keeps her locked up, humiliates her in every possible way and starves her. But all his attempts to force Masha Mironova to become his wife are in vain.

At the end of the story, Alexei Shvabrin is arrested. He looks thin and emaciated, his face becomes pale, and his once black hair turns gray. Out of overwhelming powerlessness and anger, he tries to annoy his rival Pyotr Grinev. Shvabrin gives false testimony about him. He claims that Grinev joined the ranks of Pugachev and is a traitor to his homeland. He reveals himself as a vile, hypocritical and deceitful person.

Shvabrin's character does not evoke any respect or compassion.

Option 3

Shvabrin Alexey Ivanovich is minor character, an aristocrat, a nobleman who, for one reason or another, ended up in the Belgorod fortress. He is a young officer of average height. He is well educated and knows how to talk. There is always a joke and wit in his speech. Once upon a time he was in love with Masha Mironova - only daughter commander of the fortress, but was refused, which he was not particularly pleased with. He has been serving in the Belgorod fortress for five years.

After Masha Mironova’s refusal, Shvabrin begins to spread dirty rumors about her in the fortress and beyond. Considering this circumstance, we can say with confidence that this is not a very honest person.

His cunning and deceit is proven by the fact that he took advantage of the fact that during the duel, Grinev was distracted by Savelich, and it was Alexey Ivanovich who shot at him. Next, Shvabrin writes a letter about the duel to Grinev’s father, knowing that this could aggravate the situation for Grinev Jr.

At the moment of the capture of the Belgorod fortress, seeing that Pugachev and his comrades were winning. Shvabrin, without thinking about anything, goes over to the side of the barbarian and the robber. In the service of Pugachev, Grinev continues to lie and commit all sorts of tricks and meanness. Having learned that Masha Mironova was alone in the fortress and no one could protect her, he decided to use his power. He rudely harasses the daughter of the murdered commandant of the fortress, which does not indicate his love for Masha Mironova.

When Shvabrin saw that Grinev was under the protection of Pugachev, he fell at the feet of the sovereign, forgetting about his sense of self-worth and honor. He doesn't honor anyone or anything. He is only afraid for his own skin, which is worth nothing. But we should not forget that Shvabrin is a nobleman, and it is disgusting to see a nobleman lying on the ground.

When Grinev took Maria Ivanovna with him, Shvabrin felt anger and a desire to take revenge on him. He wanted to take revenge not out of love for Maria Mironova, but out of rivalry and personal vileness and flattery. In the end, Shvabrin Alexei Ivanovich is arrested for treason.

When Shvabrin is arrested, he will slander Grinev, although he will know that he did not swear allegiance to Pugachev and did not participate in his robberies.

When characterizing the image of Shvabrin, it should be noted that Pushkin introduced this negative hero not only to diversify the plot, but also to remind the reader that in life there are real scoundrels who can ruin the lives of the people around them.

Shvabrin in Pushkin's story

In the work of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", the main villain and anti-hero is not the robber Pugachev with his henchmen, but a young Russian officer - Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin. This is a young man with a quarrelsome disposition, coming from an aristocratic family, with an inflated opinion of himself and his own actions. This character lacks the concept of honor and duty, because after the capture of the Belgorod fortress, without hesitation, he sided with the enemy, without even remembering that he had taken the most important oath - to defend his homeland.

Alexey Ivanovich is not familiar with true love. He really liked the daughter of the commandant of the fortress, Masha, so in a fit of his feelings Shvabrin proposed marriage to her. The girl refused the young officer, as she felt bad intentions and deception from him. After the refusal, Alexey did not reconcile himself and decided that he would take revenge on Maria, calling her names and spreading inappropriate rumors about the life of the poor girl. But Masha steadfastly endured Shvabrin’s attacks, while Shvabrin himself became angrier. During the capture of the fortress, Alexei Ivanovich managed to get closer to Maria, he put her under lock and key, did not give her normal food, but only bread and water, thereby hoping to extract consent to marriage from the exhausted Masha. This act shows that Alexey has no mercy and sympathy, he does not feel sorry for the girl, he only thinks about his own benefit and enrichment.

Shvabrin also did not strive to create faithful and sincere friendship. His meanness and cowardice hurt people. In a duel with Pyotr Grinev, Alexey Shvabrin behaved basely and dishonestly; he stabbed Pavel in the back when he was distracted. So with your cowardly and dishonorable act Shvabrin defeated Peter. Alexey also often slandered Grinev, presenting his comrade in a bad light.

Even when a righteous trial of Pugachev’s robbers took place, Shvabrin did not admit his guilt, but was only looking for a reason to evade justice and shift his guilt onto others.

The image of the dishonest, envious and cowardly Shvabrin is very carefully conveyed by the author, thus A.S. Pushkin wanted to show what an officer of the Russian army should not be, and what lies, envy, meanness and cowardice can lead to.

Shvabrin is one of important characters stories by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter". Alexey Shvabrin is the antipode of the main character Pyotr Grinev.

Shvabrin and Grinev have a lot in common: they both came from nobles, had the rank of officer, served in the Belogorsk fortress, and were in love with Maria Mironova. But how different their characters are!

Shvabrin is an aristocrat who previously served in the guard. He was an intelligent, educated, eloquent, witty, resourceful man. He was not very tall, his face was dark and ugly. Alesey Ivanovich suffered from thinness. Shvabrin will always maintain a pompous and arrogant appearance. He knew French and was excellent with the sword. He served in the Belogorsk fortress for 5 years, and was transferred to this remote place because he killed a lieutenant in a duel.

Despite the fact that Shvabrin is in love with the daughter of Captain Mironov, he describes Masha Petra as a “complete fool” and spreads false rumors about her. And when she begins to accept Peter’s attentions, Shvabrin flies into a rage. He is trying to discredit Masha. Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin treats the family of Captain Mironov with contempt, makes fun of them, and spreads false rumors. Because of this, Peter challenges him to a duel.

Even during the duel, Shvabrin behaved lowly, unworthy of an officer. He stabs him in the back when Peter turns at Savelich’s voice. But even the fact that he inflicted a serious wound on Grinev did not make him happy. After all, while Masha was caring for Pyotr Andreevich, their feelings for each other grew stronger. Then Alexey Shvabrin writes a letter to Grinev’s father, informing him of his son’s death. After which Grinev’s mother falls ill.

During the capture of the fortress by Pugachev’s minions, forgetting about his honor and dignity, the oath, without thinking about anything, Alexey went over to their side. He thought only about how to save himself, without thinking about the fate of others. He recognized the impostor as the king, cut his hair, and changed into Cossack clothes. She humiliates herself in front of Pugachev, crawls at his feet, begs for forgiveness and grovels before him. He is angry because Grinev remained faithful to the empress and the duty of a nobleman, was not punished by Pugachev and was released from the fortress.

After these events, Pugachev leaves almost immediately, leaving Shvabrin in charge. Maria Ivanovna remains in his power. He keeps Maria locked up, starves her, and forces her to marry him. And in last moment tells Pugachev that she is the daughter of Captain Mironov. Peter's return to the besieged fortress saved Masha from marrying someone she didn't love. The lovers got into the wagon and drove away, and Alexey Shvabrin remained standing at the porch, and his expression was angry and dissatisfied.

And after Shvabrin’s arrest by government troops, he commits vileness. He points to Peter as a Pugachevo traitor.

All his actions indicate that Shvabrin is a vile, dishonest, morally devastated person. He doesn't inspire any respect or compassion.

Using the image of Shvabrin great writer A.S. Pushkin showed the reader that meanness, dishonor and deceit can ultimately only lead to failures and failures.

Characteristics and image of Shvabrin

Shvabrin is the antipode of Grinev. This character tests Peter throughout the entire work. Their characters serve as an example different choices and miscellaneous life path. They both ended up in the Belogorsk fortress and fell in love with Masha Mironova, but they achieve their goals in different ways. So what is the difference between them?

Shvabrin ended up serving in the Belogorsk fortress for murder in a duel. At the time of Peter’s arrival, he had been here for 5 years, so he was glad to see a new face and soon became friends with Grinev. Peter immediately appreciated him as smart person and was interested in communicating with him. But when Shvabrin began to talk about life in the fortress, he did not forget to say something bad about each of its inhabitants. They did not remain friends for long. Because of slander against Masha and the entire Mironov family, Grinev challenges Shvabrin to a duel and is defeated by a dishonest blow.

This is not enough for Shvabrin; he reports to Grinev’s father about the duel. Because of this, his father forbids Peter to marry Masha Mirona. This was a very vile act on Shvabrin’s part, because his goal was only to do bad things to others.

Shvabrin does not like fair fights, which we are once again convinced of when he defects to Pugachev’s side as soon as the uprising begins to grow. He shows himself to be cowardly and weak-willed when he serves Pugachev with absolute humility and betrays the inhabitants of the Belogorsk fortress. Taking advantage of the opportunity, Shvabrin imprisons Masha and demands that she marry him, threatening him with hunger. Such actions clearly do not indicate his love for Masha. This is more like revenge on Grinev and a way to show his strength and power.

Since justice triumphs in this story, in the end Shvabrin ends up in prison for treason. He owes a lot bad deeds, which reveal the weakness of his soul, cowardice, desire for power and profit.

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Publication (abbreviated), especially for the Russian People's Line (according to the publication: Chernyaev N.I. “The Captain’s Daughter” of Pushkin: Historical-critical etude. - M.: Univ. typ., 1897.- 207, III p. (reprint from: Russian Review. - 1897. -NN2-4, 8-12; 1898.- N8) prepared by Professor A.D. Kaplin.

Shvabrin.- He has nothing in common with melodramatic villains. - His past. - The main features of his mind and character, his views and his relationship to Grinev, to Marya Ivanovna, to Pugachev and to others acting persons"The Captain's Daughter"

Shvabrin is usually considered to be Pushkin's failed face. Prince Odoevsky refused to understand him; Belinsky called him a melodramatic hero. Meanwhile, Shvabrin, both as a type and as a character, is depicted in “The Captain’s Daughter” with the same amazing skill as the Grinevs, Mironovs, Pugachevs, etc. This is, in the full sense of the word, a living person, and all the misunderstandings about him are explained solely by the fact that Pushkin, following the laconic presentation he learned in “The Captain’s Daughter,” does not tell the reader what motives guide Shvabrin in some cases of his life. The duty of criticism is to clarify these motives and thereby put an end to the incorrect, but, unfortunately, very widespread view of Shvabrin among us.

There is nothing in common between melodramatic heroes and Shvabrin. If we include Shvabrin among them, then he will need to be classified as a so-called villain. Belinsky obviously had this opinion. But is Shvabrin similar to the traditional villains of the Western European stage, who breathe crimes both in reality and in their dreams about poisoning, strangling, destroying someone, etc. Shvabrin is not this or that walking passion, not this or that walking vice , but a complex character and a creature in the full sense of the word, alive, bearing, moreover, the features of that era, which is reproduced in “The Captain’s Daughter”.

Shvabrin is young, “has a good name and has a fortune.” He speaks French, is familiar with French literature and, apparently, received, for his time, a good education. He calls Trediakovsky his teacher and, having literary taste and some literary training, laughs at his love couplets. He served in the guard, but he came to the Belogorsk fortress five years before Grinev appeared there. He was transferred here for killing an officer in a duel. Shvabrin says nothing about his religious, philosophical and political views, but they can be judged by his actions and some hints scattered throughout the novel. Shvabrin obviously belonged to our freethinkers of the last century, who, under the influence of Voltaire, the French encyclopedists and the general spirit of the times, adopted a negative attitude towards the Church and everything Russian, looked at the requirement of duty and morality as prejudices, and, in general, adhered to grossly materialistic views. “He doesn’t even believe in the Lord God,” Vasilisa Egorovna says with horror about Shvabrin (in the fourth chapter), and this alone could not help but alienate Marya Ivanovna from him, to whom he proposed a year before Grinev’s arrival at the Belogorsk fortress.

“Shvabrin was very intelligent,” says Grinev, “his conversation was witty and entertaining.” Having a sociable character and being accustomed to moving around in St. Petersburg big world, he was extremely burdened by being in that wilderness where fate had thrown him, looked down on the people with whom he was surrounded, and was genuinely happy about Grinev’s arrival, because he thought he would find in him some kind of suitable interlocutor and comrade. From the very first time he charmed the inexperienced young man with his liveliness, his ability to speak and present others in a caricature. Grinev only later realized that underneath Shvabrin’s cheerfulness there was an unkind feeling hidden. Shvabrin did not spare even such harmless people as the old Mironovs and Ivan Ignatich. It does not follow from this, however, that he was truly observant and knew the human heart well.

He was mocking, that's all. Shvabrin's mind was a shallow, superficial mind, devoid of that subtlety and depth, without which there can be neither foresight nor a correct assessment of one's own and others' actions and intentions. True, Shvabrin was cunning, cunning and interesting as an interlocutor, but if Pechorin had met him, he could safely say about his mind what he says in “Princess Mary” about Grushnitsky’s mind: Shvabrin, like Grushnitsky, was “ quite sharp"; his inventions and witticisms were often funny, but they were never pointed and evil, even in those cases when they were generated by the most genuine anger; he could not kill anyone with one word, because he did not know people and their weak strings, spending his whole life occupied with himself. Shvabrin could have invented that Ivan Ignatich was in a relationship with Vasilisa Egorovna and that Marya Ivanovna was selling her affections; but he, despite all his cunning, did not know how to use people as instruments of his goals, did not know how to subordinate them to his influence, despite the fact that he passionately desired this; he did not even know how to skillfully wear the mask he put on himself and be in the eyes of others what he wanted to appear to be.

That is why he constantly fell into the nets he spread for others and did not mislead anyone about his person except the inexperienced and gullible Pyotr Andreich. Not only Marya Ivanovna, but even Vasilisa Egorovna and Ivan Ignatich had no doubt that Shvabrin was a bad person. Shvabrin felt this and took revenge on them with slander. About his relationship with Pugachev, one can say the same thing that Pushkin says about Shvanvich: “He had the cowardice to pester the impostor and the stupidity to serve him with all zeal.” This also does not give a particularly favorable idea of ​​Shvabrin’s foresight and insight.

Shvabrin belonged to the same category of people to which Shakespeare's Iago and Walter Scott's Rashley (from the novel “Rob Roy”) belong. He swims smaller than them, but he is just as soulless and immoral as they are. Strongly developed pride, terrible vindictiveness, the habit of taking roundabout paths and complete unscrupulousness in means constitute the main traits of his character. He vividly felt the bitterness of every insult inflicted on him and did not forgive his enemies. Sometimes he put on a mask of generosity and sincerity in order to lull their vigilance, but he could never reconcile with those whom he had once designated as his victims.

Double-mindedness and pretense never left Shvabrin for a minute. After the duel with Grinev, he comes to him, asks him for an apology and admits that he himself was to blame, but at the same time writes a letter to old Grinev, in which, of course, he did not spare either Pyotr Andreevich or Marya Ivanovna, and if not Pugachev’s attack would have achieved its goal - the transfer of young Grinev from the Belogorsk fortress to some other “fortification”. Seeking Marya Ivanovna's hand in marriage, Shvabrin denigrates the young girl in order to bring her down in Grinev's eyes, and thus distract them from each other. In this case, he remained true to himself. His favorite means of intrigue were lies, slander, rumors and denunciations. He resorted to them in relations with Pugachev, and with old Grinev, and in the Investigative Commission.

Nervous, annoying, nimble, restless and mocking Shvabrin, completely alien to sincerity and kindness, could not help but have clashes with people close to him. No details are given about his first St. Petersburg duel in The Captain's Daughter, but we know very well under what circumstances the duel took place over Marya Ivanovna. Shvabrin was not a Bretter of the Pechorin type. He did not look for dangers and was afraid of them. True, he was not averse to playing the role of a brave man, but only if this could be achieved without risking his life. This is evident from his clash with Grinev.

Mocking Marya Ivanovna in the presence of Grinev, Shvabrin obviously did not think that his young comrade, whom he considered a boy, would take his words so close to heart and answer him with a sharp insult. Shvabrin challenges Grinev to a duel, carried away by a momentary outburst and a long-ripening feeling of envy and hatred in him. Having made a challenge to Grinev, they are not looking for seconds. “Why do we need them?” - he says to Grinev, having learned about his conversation with Ivan Ignatyich, who flatly refused to “be a witness to the fight.”

- “We can do without them.” The fact is that Shvabrin was more skilled than Grinev in fencing, looked at him as a harmless opponent, and, challenging him to a duel, was sure that he was playing for sure. Preparing to put an end to Grinev, Shvabrin did not at all intend to fight him like a knight and, of course, prepared in advance not to miss the opportunity to deal him a treacherous blow (after all, he did not disdain to do this at the time when Grinev heard his name spoken by Savelich , and looked back). This is the answer to why Shvabrin did not look for seconds. They would only get in his way.

Shvabrin was a coward. There is no doubt about it. He was afraid of death and was unable to sacrifice his life in the name of duty and honor.

- “How do you think this will all end?” - Grinev asks him, after the first meeting with Ivan Ignatich about Pugachev.

God knows, Shvabrin answered: “We’ll see.” For now, I don’t see anything important yet. If...

Then he became thoughtful and absent-mindedly began whistling a French aria.

Shvabrin’s “if” meant that under no circumstances did he intend to go to the gallows, and that he would go over to Pugachev’s side if the impostor was really as strong as he said.

The idea of ​​treason appeared in Shvabrin at the first hint of danger and finally matured by the time the Pugachevites appeared near the Belogorsk fortress. He did not follow Captain Mironov, Ivan Ignatich and Grinev when they rushed on a sortie, but joined the Cossacks who handed over to Pugachev. All this could be explained by Shvabrin’s political lack of principles and the ease with which he was accustomed to playing with the oath, like an unbeliever.

Shvabrin's subsequent behavior shows, however, that in betraying the Empress, he acted mainly under the influence of cowardice. When Pugachev arrives at the Belogorsk fortress, together with Grinev, Shvabrin, noticing that the impostor is dissatisfied with him, trembles, turns pale and positively loses his presence of mind. When Pugachev finds out that Marya Ivanovna is not Shvabrin’s wife, and menacingly says to him: “And you dared to deceive me! Do you know, you slacker, what you deserve?” - Shvabrin falls to his knees and thereby begs for forgiveness. In the Investigative Commission, when Shvabrin is not threatened with immediate bloody reprisal, and when he has already become accustomed to the position of a convicted criminal, he has the courage to give his testimony against Grinev in a “brave voice”: he had nothing to fear from Grinev.

How did Shvabrin behave in front of the judges at first? One must think that he was lying at their feet. It is very possible that he would humbly ask for forgiveness from Grinev during the duel if he seriously feared for his life.

Did Shvabrin love Marya Ivanovna? Yes, as far as selfish and base people can love. As a smart person, he could not help but understand and appreciate her high moral virtues. He knew that Marya Ivanovna would be an exemplary wife, that she would brighten up the life of the one she chose as her husband, and he, as a proud man, would be pleased to subject the wonderful girl to his influence. When his proposal was not accepted, and when he noticed that Marya Ivanovna preferred Grineva to him, he considered himself deeply offended. From that time on, his feelings of love were mixed with a hidden feeling of hatred and revenge, and this was expressed in the slander that he decided to spread about her. By vilifying Marya Ivanovna in front of Grinev, Shvabrin not only acted as his weapon against the emerging affection of young people, but also took revenge on the girl who rejected him, cooling the enmity with slander.

Having become the commandant of the Belogorsk fortress, Shvabrin tries to force Marya Ivanovna with threats to marry him. He fails to do this. Prince Odoevsky was perplexed why Shvabrin did not take advantage of those moments when Marya Ivanovna was in his power, that is, why he did not satisfy his passion through violence or force Father Gerasim to marry him with a poor orphan against her will. Yes, because Shvabrin is not Pugachev or Khlopusha: in his relationship with Marya Ivanovna, raw sensuality did not play a big role. Moreover, Shvabrin was not a person whose blood could cloud his mind. He knew, finally, that Marya Ivanovna was not the kind of girl who could be forced into marriage, and that Father Gerasim would not agree to perform the sacrament of marriage on the daughter of his old friend, contrary to her wishes. Shvabrin wanted Marya Ivanovna to become his wife, and not his concubine, because he still continued to love her, be jealous, and suffered at the thought that she treated him with disgust. Trying to overcome her stubbornness, he used those means that were most consistent with his character: intimidation with denunciation, all kinds of harassment and threats, and, in general, a kind of moral and physical torture.

Slandering Grinev before the Investigative Commission, Shvabrin does not say a word about Marya Ivanovna. Why is this? Answering this question, Grinev notes: “Is it because his pride suffered at the thought of the one who rejected him with contempt; Is it because in his heart lurked a spark of the same feeling that forced me to remain silent - be that as it may, the name of the daughter of the Belogorsk commandant was not uttered in the presence of the commission! Grinev’s words perfectly explain what motives guided in this case Shvabrin. He felt all the bitterness of resentment that consisted in Marya Ivanovna’s refusal to be his wife, he experienced the pangs of jealousy and envy of his rival; but he still continued to love Marya Ivanovna, felt guilty before her and did not want to involve her in political criminality, subjecting her to all the consequences of close acquaintance with the harsh themis of Shishkovsky’s time. Love for Marya Ivanovna even had an ennobling effect on Shvabrin.

It is possible, however, to admit another clue to Shvabrin’s behavior in the Investigative Commission regarding the daughter of Captain Mironov - a clue that Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, who always somewhat idealized his rival and enemy, overlooks. It was simply unprofitable for Shvabrin to involve Marya Ivanovna in the case, because she could show much that was not in his favor and easily expose his lies and slander; Shvabrin, of course, firmly remembered this during the confrontation with Grinev.

So, what is Shvabrin? This is not a melodramatic villain; he is a lively, witty, intelligent, proud, envious, vindictive, cunning, low and cowardly, deeply corrupted egoist, mocking and insolent with those whom he is not afraid of, servilely servile with those who inspire him with fear. Like Shvanvich, he was always ready to prefer a shameful life to an honest death. Under the influence of anger and a sense of self-preservation, he is capable of any baseness. Regarding his betrayal of loyal and official duty, one can say what Catherine II says about Grinev: “He stuck to the impostor not out of ignorance and gullibility, but as an immoral and harmful scoundrel.”

For Shvabrin, nothing is sacred, and he stopped at nothing to achieve his goals. The addition to the thirteenth chapter of “The Captain’s Daughter” states that Shvabrin did not allow the Grinevs’ house to be plundered, “preserving in his very humiliation an involuntary disgust from dishonest greed.” This is understandable. Shvabrin received a lordly and, to a certain extent, refined upbringing; therefore, much of what seemed very natural to some semi-savage escaped convict inspired him with a feeling of disgust.

This does not mean, however, that he is higher than Pugachev or Khlopushi. IN morally he stands immeasurably lower than them. He didn't have those bright sides that they had, and if he disdained some of their exploits, it was only because he was more civilized and more effeminate than them. They rushed at their enemies like lions and tigers, and took prey in battle, but he sneaked up on his victims like a fox, and, like a snake, stung them at a time when they least expected it: He was disgusted with robberies and robberies, but he, without hesitation, inflicted treacherous blows on his enemies and with a light heart would have sent them around the world with the help of forgeries and all sorts of lies, if he had wanted to take possession of their wealth.

Shvabrin was neither Richard III nor Franz Moor, but he would have been completely the right person for the retinue of Caesar Borgia. He could have neither friends nor selfless affections, for he sincerely loved only himself and was completely incapable of self-sacrifice. He was not a monster by vocation, but he did not know how to love very much and he knew how to hate very much.

It was not without reason that Pushkin endowed Shvabrin with ugly face: as a man inclined to dominate others and, probably, far from indifferent to the impression he made on women, Shvabrin, one must think, cursed his ill-fated appearance, thanks to it suffered many injections for his pride and, of course, did not forgive those who guessed his soul from his face.

There is nothing Russian in Shvabrin: everything Russian was erased from him by his upbringing, but he was still a Russian degenerate, a type that could only arise on Russian soil under the influence of the 18th century and its peculiarities. Despising the faith of his grandfathers and fathers, Shvabrin despised, at the same time, the concepts of honor and duty that guided both Grinevs.

Fatherland, oath, etc. - all these are words for Shvabrin, devoid of any meaning. Shvabrin, as an everyday phenomenon, belongs to the same type as Fonvizin’s caricature of our young Westerners of the 18th century - Ivanushka in “The Brigadier”. Shvabrin is smarter than Ivanushka; Moreover, there is not a single comical feature in him. Ivanushka can only excite laughter and contempt; Shvabrin is not at all suitable to be the hero of a cheerful comedy. Nevertheless, he still has a lot in common with the foreman’s son, as a product of the same spirit of the times.

The demoted officer Shvabrin Alexey Ivanovich appears, as the captain introduced him to Grinev.

Pushkin gives a portrait of Shvabrin in one line: “An officer of short stature, with a dark and distinctly ugly face, but extremely lively,” is how the author describes his appearance. But his internal qualities are much more important.

He is smart, educated, but for him honor and decency are forgotten concepts. This man is not worthy to bear the title of Russian officer.

Shvabrin has no idea what it means to love. Therefore, despite the lack of suitors, she was not seduced by his advances and refused to get married. She sensed deep down his deep dishonesty. And how did Shvabrin repay her for her refusal? He tried in every possible way to discredit her in the eyes of others. Moreover, he did it “behind his eyes” when neither the Mironovs nor Maria herself could hear him. And it doesn’t matter what his motives were - the desire to take revenge for the refusal, or to isolate potential suitors from Masha, the very fact of such denigration of the girl speaks of the baseness of the Shvabrin soul. However, this man did not only blaspheme Masha. He, like a village woman, gossiped about the captain’s wife and other inhabitants of the fortress, without experiencing the slightest remorse.

The next episode, revealing the image of Shvabrin, is not with the best side- this is a quarrel with and subsequent. Pyotr Andreevich wrote a song. In fact, it was a light, poetic pampering, which he wanted to boast about in his youth to Shvabrin. A more experienced retired officer ridiculed the young poet and once again slandered Masha, accusing her of being corrupt. The young man, who during his service in the fortress managed to get to know Captain Mironov’s daughter better, lost his temper and called Shvabrin a liar and a scoundrel. To which Shvabrin demanded satisfaction. A boy stood in front of the proven duelist, and Shvabrin was sure that he could easily deal with him. He knew very well that duels among nobles were prohibited, but he worried little about it, he was sure that with the help of deception and slander he could easily get out of the situation. If an experienced fighter and fencer had been in front of him, Shvabrin would probably have swallowed the insult and taken revenge on the sly. Which, however, he will do anyway later.

But the lessons of the French tutor, as it turned out, were not in vain for Grinev, and the “boy” wielded a sword quite well. The wound that Shvabrin inflicted on Grinev was caused at the moment when Savelich called out to his master, and thereby distracted him. Shvabrin sneakily took advantage of the moment.

While Pyotr Andreevich lay in a fever, the enemy wrote an anonymous letter to his father, in the secret hope that the old warrior would connect all his connections and transfer his beloved child from the fortress.

What do you see in this episode with the duel, denunciation, slander, a blow delivered when the opponent turned away. All these traits are inherent in people with a low soul. Here we can add disbelief in God. In Rus', Christianity and faith have always been a stronghold of morality and morality.

Shvabrin fully demonstrated his baseness during the capture of the fortress by robbers. In the face of this soldier, the reader does not see a brave warrior. He was one of the first officers to take the oath. Taking advantage of his “power” and permissiveness, as well as Masha’s defenselessness, he tried to persuade her to marry. But he didn’t need Masha. He was simply furious that she had rejected him, but she had a nice conversation with Grinev before dinners and loved him with all her soul. His goal was to destroy the happiness of Grinev and Masha, to prevail over the one who rejected him. There is no place for love in Shvabrin's heart. Betrayal, hatred, denunciation live in him.

When Shvabrin was arrested for his connection with Pugachev, he slandered Grinev as well, although he knew perfectly well that the young man had not sworn allegiance to the robber and was not his secret agent.

Grinev was threatened by Siberia, and only the courage of Masha, who was not afraid to go to St. Petersburg to the empress, saved young man from hard labor. The scoundrel suffered a well-deserved punishment.

Doing brief description image of Shvabrin, it should be noted that Pushkin introduced this negative character into “The Captain's Daughter” not only to diversify the plot, but also to remind the reader that, unfortunately, in life there are real scoundrels who can poison the lives of the people around them.

deliver you.
Farewell, your honor.
reads the letter: “God was pleased to deprive me of my father and mother.
I am seeking your help. I hate Shvabrin
forcing me to marry him. He agreed to wait
three more days, and if in three days I don’t marry him, then there’s no way
There will be no mercy from him."

Your Excellency, I resort to you as to my own father.
Order me to take a company of soldiers and clear the Belogorsk fortress.

Belogorsk fortress? No.

It's about the happiness of my whole life. Daughter of Captain Mironov
asks for my help.

No, no, young man, this is completely impossible.
At such a distance it will be very easy for the enemy to cut you off from
communications with the main strategic point.

But, but... well, let's go.

Pyotr Andreevich, where are you going?

To ask the robber priest for protection.
But, well, let's go. Hey, but...
I resort to your judgment. I'm complaining about one of your people.
And I ask you to protect the orphan.

Which of my people dares to offend an orphan? He's from the court
mine won't go away. Tell me, who is to blame?

Shvabrin.

He holds in captivity that girl you saw sick
from the priest and forcibly wants to marry her.

Well, I'll teach Shvabrin a lesson. He will know how willful I am and
offend the people... I will hang him.

Order the word to be spoken.
You were in a hurry to appoint Shvabrin as commandant, and now you’re in a hurry
hang him. You have already insulted the Cossacks by placing a nobleman as their leader;
don’t frighten the nobles; executing them at the first slander.

If you want to hang Shvabrin, then hang him on that gallows
this fellow, so that no one would be envious.

Ah, your honor? My field marshal seems to be speaking the point, what do you think?

Come on, you should strangle and cut everything.
Oh, what a hero you are.
Ha-ha-ha... Look, this is where the soul is held.
You look into your own grave, but you destroy others. The officer came to us freely,
and you should hang it.

What kind of people pleaser are you? Where did your pity come from?

Gentlemen generals, you've had enough of quarreling.
It doesn’t matter if all the Orenburg dogs kicked their legs under one crossbar,
and the trouble is if our males squabble among themselves.
Well, make peace.

Oh, I forgot to thank you for the horse and sheepskin coat.

Debt payment is red.

Tell me now, what do you care about that girl? Well which one
Shvabrin offends.
Isn’t it a sweetheart for a young man’s heart, huh?

She is my bride.

Why didn't you say it before?
So we will marry you and feast at your wedding.
To Belogorskaya.
Grinev reflects: “A strange feeling possesses me.
I am a nobleman and an officer. Yesterday I still fought against the impostor, and today
I’m going with him in the same caravan. I was already pardoned by him once
and now hoped not only for his mercy, but also for help.
My destiny is in his hands. And the happiness of my whole life
depends on him.