Snooker - complete rules. Types of billiards

30.09.2019

The most popular and world-famous types of billiards:

American
Russian billiards
cannon
snooker

American- together with Russian billiards, it is the leader in popularity in the territory of Eastern Europe. American is played with all 16 balls, each of which is both a cue ball and an object ball. You can play with any ball on the table. The goal of the game is to pot 8 balls and the first one to pot them wins.
Before the start of the game, 15 balls are placed in a pyramid without taking into account their numbers. After the first hit, you can play with any ball and pocket “yours” from other balls.
There is no need to assign balls and order a pocket in advance, since it does not matter how many balls fall from one hit.

Pool is an American pocket billiards. The holes here have been expanded and the table dimensions have been reduced. Pool is a game of order that uses a cue ball and 15 object balls, numbered 1 to 15. One player must pocket the balls in the group numbered 1 to 7 (solid) and the other player must pocket the group of balls numbered 1 to 7 (solid) and the other player to pocket the group of balls numbered 9 to 15 (stripes). The game is won by the player who first pockets the balls of any group and then pockets ball number 8 with a correct shot.

Russian billiards- the most popular type of billiards in our country. The peculiarity of the game is the size of the holes, which are almost equal to the size of the balls. The game uses 15 marked object balls white, which before it starts are set in the shape of a pyramid and the 16th ball of a different color, which is used as a cue ball.

Cannon- one of the oldest French games, which is a type of billiards. In this game there is no need to pocket the balls, so the game is most often played on billiard tables without pockets. The game uses 3 balls, two of them white and one colored. Two white balls are the players’ cue balls; to distinguish them, they usually put dots or the like. The point of the carom game is to determine best strike, in which the cue ball, having touched one of the balls, touched the other. The goal of the game is to make the previously agreed number of caroms (usually 25, the cost of one carom is 1 point).

Snooker- one of the most popular types of billiards in the UK. There can be two or more players, divided into teams or each for himself. Snooker is played with 21 balls, 15 of them are red, which are placed in a pyramid, and 6 are colored, each of which is located at a certain level on the table. Each player uses the same white white ball (cue ball) to hit the colored balls. If the cue ball hits a pocket, the player receives a penalty point. Players must alternately pocket colored and red balls. While the red balls remain on the table, the pocketed colored balls are placed in their positions. The player who scores the most points wins.

The trick to snooker is to always leave the white ball in such a position for your opponent that unsuccessful shots become inevitable.

The game was invented in India in 1875. The game turned out to be more difficult than the famous “American” and “pyramid”. Arouses interest more in the complex movements of the balls than in winning.

Previously, first-year cadets who had no everyday experience were called snookers. And then one day in the game, one of the officers, Neville Chamberlain, used this word to describe his partner, who found himself in a difficult situation and did not know how to get out of it. He had to play a colored ball that was covered by others. This position in billiards came to be called “snooker”.

Then this game moved to England, but did not become popular until 1920, when Joe Davis appeared. He introduced cue ball control and ball scoring, which made the game much more difficult. In addition to pocketing the balls, now we also had to keep an eye on the cue ball.

Snooker became especially popular in the 60s. Color television played a big role in this and two players - Ray Reardon and John Spencer, who organized exhibition games, traveling throughout England. Snooker then developed as a sport. Competitions began and expensive prizes were awarded to the winners, which attracted a new generation of players. In 1980-1981, Steve Davis became the first British champion. He improved his game and after some time won the world championship. This athlete is still considered one of the strongest players.

Soon the Japanese, Chinese, and Americans began playing snooker. New talents have appeared - John Parot, Neil Foulds, Stephen Hendry.

In 1973, the International Billiards and Snooker Organization was created. Since 1985, it has become the governing body.

Snooker is played on the same table as billiards, with only 22 balls - 15 red, 6 colored and 1 white cue ball. On one snooker table you can play not only two players, but also several players. The principle of the order of strikes is simple: if the strike did not bring winning points, the next player takes the shot.

Snooker table: The game is played on English tables measuring 12x6 feet (3569x1778 mm) or 10x5 feet, the diameter of the balls is 52.4 mm.

Number of players: Two.

Snooker ball set: 15 red balls, 6 colored balls and a white cue ball.

Colored balls have a certain point value: red - 1, yellow - 2, green - 3, brown - 4, blue - 5, pink -6, black - 7.

Purpose of the game: You need to score more points than your opponent.

Account management: Points are scored by playing the balls correctly, getting the corresponding number according to the color of the balls; the opponent's penalty points are added. The game ends according to the rules of the game after all the balls have been played. But if there is only one black ball left, then it is played until the first score or first violation.

1. Kickoff

The right to choose the order of strikes in the first game is determined by lot or drawing. The initial blow is made from the hand from the sector (see picture). The cue ball must touch the red ball, otherwise a penalty is imposed. Penalty points are awarded to the entering player, who can play himself out of the current situation or ask the opponent to take the kick again.

2. Ill-potted balls

Incorrectly pocketed red balls are not fielded. Incorrectly pocketed colored balls are marked out.

3. Placing balls

Red balls are not exposed. Colored balls are placed on their marks. If the mark is occupied, then they place on the free mark corresponding to the ball of the highest value. If all the marks are occupied, then the colored ball is placed as close as possible to the original mark on the back side. If the pink or black ball cannot be placed in the indicated place, then they must be placed closer to their point, but towards the middle of the table.

4. Popped object balls

Popped red balls are not spotted, but colored balls are spotted and a penalty is imposed.

5. Played balls

Balls are considered played (pocketed) if they fall into the pockets as a result of a correct shot. A ball reflected from a pocket onto the playing surface of the table remains in play. An object ball that falls into a pocket as a result of a deliberate roll down the board is not counted and is placed in accordance with the rules of the particular game, and no penalty is imposed.

6. Jumped cue ball

When the cue ball pops up, the opponent entering the game plays from his hand from the sector. In this case, you can pocket any of the next balls.

7. Snooker (mask)

The cue ball is in the snooker position (masked) - if it is not possible to make a direct hit on any of the next object balls. If a direct hit is possible on at least one of the object balls, then there is no snooker.

8. Touching balls

Two balls touch each other tightly. In this case, the blow is struck away from the center line connecting the centers of the two balls. Otherwise, the blow is erroneous (missed).

9. Missing the ball

If the cue ball misses, a penalty is announced. The player entering the game can accept the existing position or invite the offender to play from the original position, i.e. repeat the blow.

10. Free ball

If the cue ball is in the snooker position after an infringement, then a “free ball” is declared. If the opponent takes this position and makes a shot, he can declare any ball to be next. The cost of the announced ball is equal to the cost of the next one (which would have to be hit). A penalty is imposed if the cue ball does not hit the called ball or the cue ball after the strike is masked by a free ball, unless only the pink and black balls remain on the table. If a free ball is pocketed, it is fielded and the player is credited for the value of the next ball. If the next ball is played, the player is credited with its value. If both a free ball and a regular ball are played, then only the value of the next ball is counted. ("Snooker is different." The cue ball is in the "snooker is different" position).

11. Lip hold

The cue ball is considered to be placed behind the lip of the pocket if the sides do not allow the cue ball to hit any of the next balls directly. If the cue ball is placed on the lip after a violation, then the opponent either accepts this position and makes a blow, or makes a blow from the hand from the sector.

12.Miss

If a player can hit the object ball or part of it with a direct hit, but does not hit, then the referee declares miss. After determining the miss, the cue ball is placed in its previous position, unless this situation is beneficial to the player who made the mistake. After the ball (or balls) have been restored to their previous position, the players’ opinions are heard, but the referee’s word is decisive.

13. Hanging balls

- if the ball is pocketed not as a result of a collision, then it is placed in its original place;
- if a player makes a mistake during a shot, the opponent gets the points and each ball is put back in its original place.

14. Bugs

- after a mistake, the opponent plays from the place where the cue ball stopped;
- if several mistakes are made during a strike, then the opponent receives points for the worst of them;
- after a mistake, at the request of the opponent, the player must hit further;
- if a miss is determined, the player must shoot from the restored position.

15. Fines for violations

For the following violations a fine is imposed in the prescribed amount, but not less than 4 points.

1. In the amount of the cost of the next ball, if:
- the balls did not stop before striking;
- hitting the cue ball several times;
- there was a separation of both legs from the floor;
- the blow was made out of turn;
- incorrect hand strike from the sector;
- missing object balls;
- the cue ball fell into the pocket;
- with a free choice of ball, the cue ball still remained in the “snooker” position;
- the cue ball has executed a jump shot (i.e. the cue ball jumps over any ball before colliding with the object ball).
2. In the amount of the value of the object ball or more valuable ball associated with the violation, if:
- an unusual ball entered the pocket;
- the cue ball does not hit the object ball;
- a push-and-pull was performed;
- the player touched the balls with anything other than the cue sticker;
- the ball jumped overboard.
3. In the amount of the cost of the next ball or the corresponding 2 balls(whichever is greater): when the cue ball hits these two balls at the same time, except in the case of 2 reds or a free choice.
4. In the amount of seven points, if:

1. General rules of the pyramid game

The FBSR organizes and conducts competitions in the following types of games:

1) Pyramid.
2) Russian pyramid.
3) Moscow Pyramid.
4) The pyramid is international.
Despite the significant differences between different types of Russian billiards games, they all have whole line general rules and elements that must be strictly observed at official competitions.

TABLES, BALLS AND EQUIPMENT

Sports billiard games are played on tables marked with main lines and dots, with sixteen balls using cues, machines, and crayons that meet the standards of the FBI.

The set of equipment for the game may include: elongated and shortened machines and cues, shelves for arranging pocketed balls, cloth and linen napkins for wiping cues, balls and hands, etc...

Inventory and equipment used during competitions must not cause damage to billiard tables and gaming rooms.

The balls used to play the game are marked. Fifteen of them are white, they have their own numbers from one to fifteen, and the sixteenth ball differs from them in color or special markings.

Officials have the right, before the start of the competition, to ensure that the tables, balls and equipment meet the standards and submit their claims to the competition organizer. After the start of the competition, claims on these issues will not be accepted.

The results of meetings and competitions recorded in official protocols cannot be protested for reasons of non-compliance with the standards of the equipment used.

For measurements on the table, it is allowed to use only a cue; applying additional markings on the table is prohibited.

REGULATIONS OF GAME MEETINGS

In all types of sports billiard games, the number of games and victories in meetings to determine the winners and prize-winners at various stages of the competition are determined by the Main Judicial Panel, and can be adjusted during the competition.

A break during the game can only be declared by the referee to resolve certain technical problems and due to special circumstances.

INITIAL POSITION OF BALLS ON THE TABLE

Before the kick-off, fifteen numbered balls are placed close to each other using a triangle to form a triangular equilateral pyramid.

The front (head ball) of the pyramid is located at the back point of the table, and the base of the pyramid is installed parallel to the line of the back board.

The position of the ball on the table is determined by the point at which the ball touches the playing surface of the table.

The sixteenth ball (no number), used as a cue ball, is located in the “house”.

If the stroke is made from home, then the ball located on the home line is considered to be outside home.

If the ball is located on the center line, then it is considered to be on the half of the table opposite the one from which the shot is made.

HITTING THE CALL

The cue ball must be struck only with the cue stick in the direction of its longitudinal axis, with at least one player’s foot touching the floor.

The beginning of the strike is considered to be the moment of contact between the cue sticker and the cue ball, as a result of which the cue ball begins to move, and the end of the strike is the stop of the movement of all balls on the playing surface of the table.

A ball rotating in place is considered to be moving.

The next blow to the cue ball is allowed only when all the balls on the table have stopped moving after the previous blow, and balls have been placed on the table: those that jumped overboard, free kicks, pocketed due to a violation of the rules and pocketed without an order (“Russian Pyramid”). The cue ball, which is in contact with the object ball, can be struck with the cue at an angle of at least 45o to the line of the centers of these balls.

Hitting the cue ball with the cue ball must prevent the cue sticker from tightening in contact with the cue ball after it touches the object ball (double hit, push, push), as well as the cue stick touching the cue ball more than once.

HITTING THE OBJECT BALL

A hit by the cue ball on an object ball is considered correct if at least one of the following conditions is met: after the cue ball hits the object ball by any of the balls:

fell into a pocket (the cue ball falling into a pocket is determined by the Rules of a particular type of game);

touched the lip of the pocket (abruptly changed the direction of movement);

touched two different sides or brought any other ball to the second side;

crossed the center line and then touched any board, or brought any ball to the board;

touched any board and then crossed the center line, or rolled any ball over it.

STARTING KICK AND ITS PLAY

The player who is to make the initial kick is determined by whichever of the two opponents in the match wins the rally before the start of the first game, then the order is observed until the end of the match.

The drawing is carried out according to the following procedure:

The opponents are located at the front edge of the table on opposite sides of the center line. When playing, they use only their half of the table, limited by the long side, the center line and the front and back sides.

At the referee's command, they make a hand-out shot, sending the ball from the back to the front.

The draw is won by the player whose ball stops closer to the front board; it is he who determines who makes the “initial shot”.

The draw is considered lost if the ball:

did not touch the tailgate;

entered the opponent's half or touched the long side;

fell into a pocket or jumped overboard.

The rally is repeated if both opponents violate the rules of the rally or their balls stop at the same distance from the front board.

The drawing ends as soon as one of the players completes this procedure without error or wins the drawing.

The initial shot is not ordered, it is made by hitting the cue ball “from home” on balls set in the shape of a pyramid, the top of which is located at the back point of the table. The player must not go beyond the home line.

A ball without a number (with special markings) is used as a cue ball.

The cue ball is considered to be put into play if, as a result of hitting it with the cue, it crosses the “home” line.

During the initial shot, at least one of three conditions must be met: after the cue ball hits the object ball, any of the balls:

fell into a pocket;

touched two different sides;

crossed the midline.

All object balls that fall into the pocket during the initial shot are counted towards the player who made the shot, and this is the basis for him to continue the game.

If, as a result of the initial strike, the conditions imposed on it are met, but none of the balls fell into the pocket, then the opponent enters the game, accepting the current position of the balls on the table.

If the conditions for a kick-off are not met, a penalty is imposed on the player and his opponent has the right to:

accept the current position of the balls on the table and continue the game;

set the initial position of the balls on the table and make the initial shot yourself;

force the opponent to make the initial kick from the starting position again.

If, as a result of the initial blow, the cue ball falls into the pocket, then the continuation of the game is determined by the rules of the particular type of game.

In order to increase the dynamics and entertainment of the billiard game, the competition organizer can make the following additions to the conditions of the kickoff: after the kickoff, the player continues the game, regardless of whether or not the ball provided for a particular type of game fell into the pocket, if the kickoff was not a free kick . These conditions must be specified in the Competition Regulations.

GAME “FROM HOME”

If the Rules provide for a game “from home”, the referee (player) must place the cue ball in the “home” in such a way that it does not touch other balls. If the player touches any ball, he is charged a fine.

When playing from home, the player must position himself so as not to go beyond the home line. He can play any ball located outside the home and into any pocket.

If at the same time he intends to play a ball located in the house, then before the first contact with the object ball the cue ball must leave the “house”.

PLAYED, JOPED AND HOSTED BALLS

The ball is considered played (pocketed) if, as a result of a strike, it falls into the pocket and remains there.

Balls that jump out of the pocket onto the playing surface of the table are considered not played and remain in the game.

If a ball or several balls jumps over the side, then it (they) are placed on the back point (return line). In this case, a fine is imposed on the player.

Balls to be placed on the table are usually placed number up.

If during the game the cue ball jumps over the side or is pocketed and it provides for the continuation of the game, then it is put into play with a shot “from home”. If all the object balls are in the “house”, then the “house” is transferred for the next shot to the opposite side of the table symmetrically to the standard position and the cue ball is struck from there in the same way.

Balls that stopped (hovered) on the target of the pocket, but then fell into it before the stroke was completed (all balls stopped), are considered played.

Balls that hang in a pocket and fall into it after the movement of all the balls on the table have stopped, as a rule due to external influence, are returned to their place on the target of the pocket.

PASSIVE AND SLOW PLAY

If during the game a situation arises when, after a series of wagers (more than three times in a row by both players), the position of the object balls on the table does not fundamentally change, and this leads to a delay in the game, then the judge, after warning the players about the passive play of the game, can place everything the remaining object balls on the table in the shape of a pyramid to the original position (as symmetrically as possible) and continue the game “from hand from home” according to the “kickoff” rule.

If a player spends a lot of time preparing for a strike and delays the game, then the referee (opponent) has the right to demand control of playing time. Players have 45 seconds to prepare and execute strikes. The time is recorded by the judge using a stopwatch after the balls have completely stopped on the table. Ten seconds before the allotted time expires, a verbal warning is given - “ten seconds left.”

If a player does not meet the allotted time, the referee gives the command “Stop!”, the right to strike passes to the opponent, the position of the balls is maintained, and a fine is imposed on the offender.

CORRECT PLAY

The game is considered correct if during the game the opponents demonstrate not only high skill, but also respect for their opponent and others.

During the match, the player must be in the place allocated for him and be ready for the next blow immediately after the end of the game at the opponent’s table.

Communication between a player during a meeting at the table is permitted only with the judge.

It is considered incorrect for a player to conduct conversations that are not related to the game situation, make comments about strikes, appeal to judges and spectators, and anything that distracts from the smooth and calm conduct of a sports competition.

If a player, after the referee’s remark, continues to defiantly violate these rules, the referee is obliged to raise the question of his “unsportsmanlike behavior.”

INTERFERENCE IN THE GAME BY A STRANGER

The competition organizer and referees must provide conditions that exclude the possibility of interference in the game by unauthorized persons, and if this happens, then act immediately in accordance with the Rules.

If, due to interference in the game by an outsider, the balls on the table begin to move, then the position of the balls is restored and the game continues on a general basis. No fine is imposed on the players.

If it turns out to be impossible to restore the position of the balls, then the position in the game is fixed by the current score, the remaining object balls on the table are placed in a pyramid and the game continues “from home” according to the “kickoff” rules.

The decision on these actions is made by the judge.

Judges act in a similar way in emergency situations (accidents, wind, shaking of a billiard table, etc.).

INTERFERING WITH AN OPPONENT'S GAME

Interference in an opponent's game is considered to be actions or words that influence the outcome of the sporting fight.

The referee must resolutely prevent interference in the opponent's game.

If the opponent moves the position of the ball(s) on the table, then their position is restored, a fine is announced to the person responsible for this, and the game continues on a general basis.

If the opponent stops or interferes with the movement of the ball towards the pocket, then the ball is considered played, and a fine is announced to the culprit.

FINES

For violation of the Rules of the Game, a fine will be charged to the player. This is either placing the ball “from the offender’s shelf to the table” or recalculating the current score (“Russian pyramid”).

If at the time of violation of the Rules a player does not have pocketed balls, then a fine will be charged to him immediately after the first ball he plays.

If a player commits several violations while performing one blow, the fine is taken in a single amount.

Balls pocketed during a penalty kick are not counted and are placed on the back spot (return line).

The exposed balls and they can be played immediately after placement, if this does not contradict the Rules of a particular type of game.

If the player taking the kick is penalized, then his opponent has the right to demand that the “offender” continue play.

Fines are imposed in the following cases:

1) The cue ball did not touch any object ball upon impact.
2) When the ball jumps out of the playing surface of the table.
3) When you touch any ball on the table: with clothes, a typewriter, chalk, etc...
4) When hitting the cue ball incorrectly.
5) If you hit the object ball incorrectly.
6) If the initial kick is incorrect.
7) In case of an incorrect blow “from the hand from the house”.
8) When interfering in the opponent’s game by moving the ball(s).

A SPECIAL CASE

If during the game, due to an oversight of a player (referee), the game continues, despite the fact that one of the players has already completed the game (8 balls have been pocketed, or the score in the “Russian Pyramid” is more than 70 points), then, despite the further development of the game , the game stops immediately as soon as this circumstance is detected. Victory is awarded on a general basis according to the principle - “a won game is not lost.”

THE PLAYER AND THE “RULES OF THE GAME”

Each player must know the “General Rules of the Game”, as well as the rules of specific types of games, he must be guided by them, and it is he who is responsible for compliance with the Rules.

The player can contact the judge for clarification of the Rules during the game for a specific situation on the table before striking the balls again. If the balls are struck after a special situation has arisen before it has been clarified, then it is considered impossible to discuss it.

2. Small Russian pyramid

The game is produced 16 balls. Of these, 15 white balls are numbered from 1 to 15 points, the 16th ball must be colored, striped or generally sharply different from the white balls.

When starting the game, place 15 numbered balls using equilateral triangle so that the ball located at the vertex of the triangle stands on the third point of the billiards, and the base of the triangle, located behind the third point, should be parallel to the short board.

The balls are placed tightly to each other in the following order of their numbers:

1st frontal ball – 4; 2nd row – 5 and 6; 3rd row – 7.1 5, 8; 4th row – 9, 14, 13, 10; 5th row – 2, 1, 12, 11, 3.
The basis for this arrangement of balls in the pyramid is the consideration that when the pyramid is broken up, as a rule, the outer balls with small numbers will roll out, and the balls with large numbers will remain in the middle, i.e. not at the game.

If folded all written numbers (points) on white balls, the total is 120 points. 10 is added to the number of the ball with one, and 10 is also added to the last ball remaining in the billiards, regardless of the number written on it. Thus, the total amount of points will be 140. Within this amount, there can be all kinds of combinations of points between partners when game of small Russian pyramid.

During the game It is allowed to use cues of various lengths, a machine and a wax.

Strikes.

The blows must made with the end of the cue having a sticker. Playing with any other part of the cue is blocked and entails a penalty (5 points in favor of the partner).

In any situation of the player's body, one of his legs must touch the floor. A ball placed in violation of this rule is not counted. In some cases, when the partner’s interest is clearly violated, the referee has the right to restore the disturbed position of the balls. The next blow goes to the partner. There is no fine.

It is not allowed to make punches with registration and pressure.

If at the same time or another of these shots puts the ball in the pocket, then the ball is not counted and is put on the billiards on a common basis, i.e. placed on the third point of the billiards or, if this point is occupied, placed close to the middle of the short side opposite the house.

There is no fine. The blow passes to the partner.

The beginning of the blow Any touch of a player to any billiard ball is considered. The end of the shot is considered to be the moment the movement of the balls stops and the cue and hands of the player are removed from the billiard table.

Beginning of the game.

When the pyramid is erected, Lots are cast between the partners as to who should start. The following games start in order. If the number of games to be played is odd, then when the last one is played, lots are cast again.

Beginning of the game happens as follows: the judge, or his replacement, announces the score of points - zero; in case of a handicap, announces the score of each partner, adding the word plus to the points of the handicap recipient, and minus to the points of the giver.

Cue Ball is passed to the beginner, and the latter makes the first blow from the house with his hands, i.e. placing the cue ball with your hands on any place of the billiards within the area limited on one side by a short board opposite to the place where the pyramid was placed, and on the other side by an imaginary line drawn parallel to the short board through the first point of the billiards.

Actually the beginning of the game The moment when the cue ball crosses the line that borders the house is considered. Therefore, touching your ball (cue ball) or moving it from its place within the house is allowed and is not penalized.

When playing from home It is prohibited to go beyond the line of continuation of the long side.

To comply According to this rule, the judge (instructor) can apply the cue to the long side so that the thin end of the cue extends beyond the line of the short side.

Anyway, the attached cue should not interfere with the player’s stroke, but only limit a certain place beyond which it is forbidden to go.

When the first strike took place Penalty points are counted on a general basis. For example, if a player from home misses the first shot or, after breaking the pyramid, puts his ball (cue ball) in the pocket, a 5-point penalty is counted.

They play in turns. Each player has the right to strike as long as he fulfills his order, i.e. pockets balls and does not make a penalty stroke or action.

Conditions of the game.

Game conditions the pyramid may include:

A) pure purpose and

b) ball and pocket.

Pure purpose is a way of playing the game when the number of the ball, the pocket where they want to put the ball are precisely named, and it is indicated exactly, definitely and clearly how the ordered ball should fall (purely, from the ball, apricot, with a ball or balls and which ones, from counter -ku, etc.). For example: “With three balls such and such, from ball such and such, the 12th ball to the left corner” or: “Carom from six with the eleventh ball three straight into the middle.”

Any combined order is allowed no limit on the number of balls. When participating in the ordered combination of one or more balls for the designated ball, ordering apricole (hitting the ball being played from the side with the cue ball) is not required.

If the explanation If the ordered ball falls into a pocket for the judge (instructor), it is unclear or so confusing that it is difficult to understand, then the judge (instructor) has the right not to accept such an order, not to allow such an order to be made.

When there is only one ball left in billiards(except for the cue ball), you do not need to call its number.

With the right fall of the ordered ball, all other balls that fell as a result of the same blow are not counted and are inserted into the billiards on a general basis.

Ball and pocket- a way of playing the game when only the number of the ball and the pocket being played are precisely indicated. How the ordered ball should fall into this pocket is not indicated.

With the right fall ordered ball, all other balls that fall as a result of the same blow are counted regardless of the time of their fall in relation to the fall of the ordered ball, simultaneously or after it falls.

The order must be clear and definite. If several orders follow - two, three or more, then the last one is counted.

The order must be said before the strike. During the strike or after it, the order is not considered. A dropped ball is not counted and is placed in billiards on a general basis.

In official competitions We now play only on pure appointment terms. This extremely complicates both the judging and the orders of those participating in the competition, and yet the condition of ordering a ball and pocket is actually no different in its result from ordering a pure appointment.

None of the players Even average strength (not to mention masters and players of the 1st and 2nd categories) never plays balls without being aware of exactly how the ball will fall into the pocket. If it happens that the ordered ball accidentally fell into the designated pocket, for example: it was ordered cleanly into the corner, but fell from four sides into the same corner, or ordered from the ball, fell cleanly, then similar cases are so rare that they do not make up even one percent. Does it make sense, given such a low probability of the balls accidentally falling, to complicate the competition by ordering balls only for their intended purpose?

End of the game.

First dialer 71 points is considered a win and the game is over.

If everyone one of the partners scores 70 points or, after a warning from the judge (instructor), makes three penalty strokes in a row that do not change the position of the balls on the billiards, the game is considered a draw and is over.

Thus, For the player, every game can have three results:

1) winning, winning

2) loss and

3) a draw (normal - when scoring 70 points or forced - when penalty strokes are repeated three times, without changing the position of the balls on the billiards).

If according to the conditions competition, the game must be effective, then it is replayed completely or, with mutual agreement of the partners, replayed only in the last ball. The ball is placed on the third point of the billiards, and the first shot is made from home on a general basis by the partner who was supposed to start the next game, and one shot at a time is made without an order.

When replaying In the last ball of the game, the player who gave the penalty kick loses the game.

It is not allowed to remove a ball from the billiards during the game to speed up the end of the game.

Free kicks.

The fine is collected in the following cases:

A) in case of a miss, i.e. a shot in which the cue ball does not hit any of the balls;

b) when your ball (cue ball) falls into a pocket;

V) when the cue ball goes overboard;

G) if before the strike, during the strike or after it, the player touches any ball with a cue, machine, clothing, hand, etc.;

d) when playing with a ball other than your own;

e) when struck by the edge or horizontal bar of a cue;

and) if, when playing from hand, the cue ball hits the ball before it goes beyond the house line, i.e. will hit the ball located in the house;

h) if, when playing from the hands, a blow is made not from the home, but from the opposite side (the player playing from the hands is allowed to ask the judge which side to play from);

And) if a blow is made at a time when the balls set in motion from the previous blow have not yet stopped.

In all In these cases, a fine is imposed in the amount of five points, which are deducted from the sum of the fined person’s points and added to the points of his partner.

If fined does not place a single ball, then his partner must score not 71 points with balls, but less by the number of penalty points received. For example, if you receive five penalty points, you must score 66 points with balls, if you receive ten penalty points, you must score 61 points with balls, etc.

In case of simultaneous violation several rules, the fine does not increase accordingly, but is charged in a single amount (five points).
For example, the player missed and put the cue ball in the pocket or touched a ball and missed, etc. - five point penalty.

For any free kick the placed ball is not counted and is placed on billiards on a general basis.

If the player plays with someone else's ball, a penalty is imposed. The ball that has fallen into the pocket is put into billiards on a general basis, and all other balls remain in the position resulting from the incorrect shot.

If the player plays with someone else's ball, despite the judge’s warning, then, in addition to the fine, the judge (instructor), at his own discretion, but not to the detriment of the partner, restores the previous position of the balls.

If the player while preparing for a strike, touches his own or another ball and, despite the referee's (instructor's) remark, hastens to make a strike, then, in addition to a fine, the referee (instructor), at his own discretion, has the right to restore the previous position of the balls.

Special cases.

If the player puts the ordered ball into the pocket and at the same time knocks another ball overboard, then the placed ball is counted, and the one that jumped overboard is placed on billiards on a general basis and the shot continues.

If during the strike the player's partner will hold the rolling cue ball with his hand, cue, clothing, etc., then the referee (instructor) places the cue ball at the request of the player who made the shot on any point of the billiards.

If at the same time the ordered ball was placed correctly, the right to continue the stroke is retained.

If the partner the player is delayed or deflected by a rolling covered ball, then this ball is considered played, is removed from the billiards by the judge (instructor) and the right to continue the strike is preserved.

If the playing partner delays or rejects a rolling ball not ordered, then the judge, at the request of the player, places this ball on any point of the billiards. For example, when playing the last ball, the player, playing back, placed his ball (cue ball) tightly to the short board of the house, and the rolling game ball was delayed or rejected by a partner, then the player has the right to ask the judge to place the detained ball tightly to the board near the corner pocket, opposite the house, or near the middle pocket, etc.,br>

If the playing partner touches one or more balls that are at rest, then the referee restores the previous position of the displaced balls. There is no fine.

If a partner or anyone one of the bystanders interferes with the player during the strike, for example, pushes, touches the cue, etc., then at the request of the player the referee restores the disturbed position of the balls and the strike is made again.

If the ordered ball stops for some time in the opening of the pocket and then falls before the partner hits, then this ball is considered played and the shot continues.

If stopped in the opening of the pocket, the ball falls from a clear push or shake of the billiards caused by the player or one of the outsiders, then the ball is placed back into the opening of the pocket by the judge and the blow goes to the partner.

If a ball stopped in the pocket falls after the partner’s hit, but regardless of this hit, then the ball is placed on a common basis on the billiard table. There is no penalty for missing this ball. For example, a ball is stuck in a corner pocket, play from home. The player ordered the stuck ball into the corner and rolled his ball (cue ball) with a quiet blow.

At that time the stuck ball fell into the pocket, and thus the rolling cue ball could not hit the ball.

IN the latter case the fallen ball is placed on the third point and the strike is made by the player again from home from his hands on a general basis. If the cue ball jumps up during a shot and, having touched someone around or any object (cue, lampshade, etc.), falls on the billiard table again, then no fine will be charged, the played ball is counted, but the right to strike passes to the partner .

If upon impact If any ball (including the cue ball) jumps out onto the board and stops on it, it is placed close to the board near the place where it stopped. If the ordered ball is played, then it is counted, but the right to strike passes to the partner.

If during the game If the situation turns out to be such that it is advantageous for the players to take penalty shots (put their ball in the pocket, miss, put out their ball, etc.), then the referee warns that if after three hits on each side the balls do not change their position on the billiards , the game is declared a draw.

Examples:

1. In the section of the corner of the house there is a 14th ball, tightly on the short opposite side there is a three. You have to play from your hands. The opponent has a game in the 14th ball, but there is no game in the penalty five points. The player has to hit the three so that it masks the 14th ball, or, by moving the cue ball back from the sides, knock down the 14th ball. Both shots are risky; you can easily give away your ball. The best thing for the player is to put his ball in the pocket and thereby invite his partner to make a risky shot. The partner can do the same and for the same reasons, etc.

2. During the game in the last ball, both balls became pocketed so that the cue ball can only be hit from the sides of the other ball. In a free kick, the partner has no part. Each of the players only benefits from putting out his ball.

3. During the game on the last ball, both balls became difficult to win back. There is no party in a free kick. It is beneficial for the player to leave his ball in the same position, putting it out with a cue. Your partner may decide to do the same, etc.

If the player puts out the balls, Considering that he already has a game, but when checking it turns out that there is no game, then the judge restores the extinguished balls in their previous position, the game continues. There is no fine.

If one of the partners actually scored 71 points, but the game continued due to an error in scoring, then if the error is discovered, the first to score 71 points is considered the winner, regardless of the position of the game at the moment.

If there is an error in the account was revealed after the partner placed the last ball, then. despite this, the game is considered won by those who have previously scored 71 points or more.

If all the balls during the game gather near one of the corners, then the judge, at the request of the partners, can place the cue ball near the pocket behind the balls. After this, the players are required to make one hit at a time without ordering.

When the cue ball falls into a pocket or a penalty is charged overboard, the blow goes to the partner, the latter makes it from home with his hands. At the same time, it is expressly prohibited to hit the balls located in the house; a fine will be charged; if a ball is placed in this case, it will not be counted and will be placed on the billiard table on a general basis; the blow will go to the partner. It is allowed to hit balls located in the house only from the sides and provided that the cue ball goes beyond the house line. If, after this strike, the ball located in the house is played, then it is not counted and is put up for billiards on a general basis.

If all the balls are in the house, and you have to play from your hands, then the billiards area is considered a temporary home, limited on one side by a short board opposite the house, and on the other by a line mentally drawn parallel to this board through the third point of the billiards, where the pyramid is placed. From this temporary home they play on the same basis as from a permanent one.

Varieties of the game.

To the small Russian pyramid They usually play together, but three can also play.

When playing with three everyone plays for themselves or one against two (pairs).

When playing every man for himself The game is played to 51 points. Whoever puts these points down first is considered the winner and leaves the game. Two partners continue the game, the first one, who put 51 points, is considered the second winner. The remaining player lost the game.

It might happen that when the game is played, the remaining two will not have enough points to win the game. Then, from the shelf of the player who left the game, balls with the required number of points are placed on the billiard table.

When playing every man for himself The game is played by partners of approximately equal strength; no handicap points are given.

When playing one against two (pairs) one of the three, or by convention each in turn, plays against the two. The game is played to 71 points.

This game is played in two ways:

1. Everyone makes one blow in turn, i.e. first one strikes, then the first partner of the pair, one again, then the second partner of the pair, etc.
Under this condition, it is beneficial to play alone, since the game goes evenly and a certain tactic is followed. The couple's game is constantly interrupted and there is no one specific tactic. Therefore, with this method of playing the game, one has an advantage and must give a handicap of at least five points with the balls played.

2. Everyone plays until they place balls or make a free kick. One starts. After him, the first partner of the couple plays. There's one behind him again. If the latter makes a free kick, then the first partner of the pair continues the game, etc. If one player puts down a ball or several balls, or the first partner makes a free kick, then the second partner of the pair enters the game and plays with one on the same grounds. Thus, in fact, one plays with each of the partners in turn.

This way of playing does not give an advantage to one, the play of the pair’s partners is not interrupted, and each of them plays to the best of his ability.

Partners of a couple have the right start the game at your own discretion. The strongest usually starts. Each partner of the pair has the right to deliberately give a penalty so that the blow passes to the other. (This is often resorted to on the last ball, when there is a large difference in the strength of the game between the players.)

Prompt each other During the game, the partners of the couple do not have the right. There is a penalty for giving a hint - five points in favor of one. The blow remains with the player.

With the difference in strength players can be equalized by a handicap given by a strong player in favor of a less strong one.

A handicap in a pyramid game is given in various ways:
1) played balls, the so-called recording;
2) removing balls from the billiards before the start of the game in favor of the recipient, the so-called table;
3) mixed, i.e. in one way or another.

With mixed odds It may not be discovered in the middle of the game that the agreed points have not been removed from the table, then if possible, they are removed; if it is impossible to remove, then they combine the balls on the billiards and the balls on the receiver’s shelf, replacing one with the other. If this method fails to restore the handicap, then the recipient plays not up to 71 points, but minus the points not withdrawn.

The handicap is given according to the qualifications of the players and the table of handicap points.

3. Great Russian pyramid

Playing

Thus,

The game is played to 91 points.

The game may end:

1) win;

2) loss and

3) a draw.

There may be a draw

A head start is given

If you get fractions,

This the game is more difficult,

Difference between

4. Moscow Pyramid

When playing "Moscow Pyramid" you should be guided by « General rules», as well as the following.

OBJECTIVE OF THE GAME

The goal of the game “Moscow Pyramid” is to score eight balls of “others” and “ours” before the opponent by hitting only the cue ball on the object balls.

A ball without a number is used as a cue ball.

ORIGINAL POSITION OF BALLS

The initial position of the balls corresponds to the “General Rules”.

STARTING STRIKE

The initial strike, like all subsequent ones, is not ordered, it is carried out in accordance with the “General Rules”.

If, as a result of the initial strike, the conditions imposed on it are met, but not a single ball falls into the pockets, the opponent enters the game, accepting the current position of the balls on the table.

All balls that fall into the pockets as a result of the initial shot, including the cue ball, are counted towards the player who made the initial shot, and this is the basis for his continuation of the game.

PLAYING THE GAME

The player continues the series of shots until he completes the game by pocketing eight balls, or pockets a ball due to a legal shot, or violates the Rules of the Game.

If the Rules of the Game are not violated, but the ball is not pocketed, the opponent enters the game, accepting the current position of the balls on the table.

If the Rules of the Game are violated, then a ball is placed from the shelf of the offending player to the back point (return line), and his opponent continues to play with the cue ball to any ball or from any ball.

If a player pockets the cue ball from the object ball - "in-law", he gets the right to continue playing with the cue ball from the "home hand".

Before the next shot, the referee removes one of the object balls from the table (by the opponent’s decision) to account for the pocketed “in-law”.

Playing on the same grounds and in compliance with all the rules, as in the small Russian pyramid (71) points. Difference in score changes:
10 points are added to balls 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Thus, in the big Russian pyramid it turns out to be only 140+40=180 points.

The game is played to 91 points. Whoever scores 91 points first is considered to have won the game.

The game may end:

1) win;

2) loss and

3) a draw.

There may be a draw normal, when everyone plays 90 points, and forced, when everyone makes three free strokes in a row (which do not change the position of the balls on the billiards).

A head start is given on the same grounds as in the small Russian pyramid, but based on the ratio of points as 9:7. For example, if the small pyramid is given a handicap of 7 points, then the large pyramid is given 9 points, if the small pyramid is given 14 points, then the large pyramid is given (9:7)x14 = 8 points, etc.

If you get fractions, then a fraction less than 0.50 is discarded, and a fraction greater than one is considered one, i.e. an extra point is added.

This game is more difficult more interesting, and most importantly, the outcome of the game depends less on chance than when playing a small Russian pyramid.

Difference between digital value of balls with minimum quantity points in the small pyramid reaches 7 ½ times (2 – 15), and here up to 2 ½ (6 – 15). If in the first case one partner has a deuce in the pocket, and the other has the 15th ball, in the second case the first has a six, and the second has the 15th ball, which are placed in the pocket for sure, then the ratio will be 7 ½: 2 ½ =3, i.e. The randomness of scoring points in the Big Russian is reduced by three times. In addition, in the large Russian pyramid, after the 15th ball is placed, there remains another identical 15th ball (5+10), which further reduces the gap between points.

5. General rules of the pool game

These rules are common to all types of pool described below.

1. BILLIARDS EQUIPMENT.

All billiard games described below must be played using pool tables, balls and equipment that meet World Pool Association or BCA standards.

2. ARRANGEMENT OF BALLS.

When placing the balls, a triangle must be used and the front ball must be placed on the back mark. All other balls should be lined up behind the front one and pressed tightly against each other.

3. HITTING THE CALL.

The cue ball should only be struck with the cue stick. Otherwise a foul is called.

4. MISSING THE POCKET.
If a player misses a correct shot, that is, does not pot an object ball, then his streak ends and the opponent enters the game.

5. PLAYING THE INITIAL KICK.

When playing the kickoff (break), the following procedure is used. Taking a ball of the same size and weight (preferably two cue balls or at least two non-striped object balls) and placing them on opposite sides of the front mark, the players simultaneously shoot from behind the front line (from home), sending balls to the back board and back. The player whose ball lands closest to the front board wins. In this case, the ball must touch the rear side at least once. The rally is considered automatically lost if: (1) the ball entered the opponent's half, (2) did not reach the back side, (3) fell into a pocket, (4) jumped over the side, (5) touched the long side, (6) stopped in in the corner pocket behind the lip of the front board or (7) touched the back board two or more times. If both opponents violate the rules, or if the referee cannot determine whose ball stopped closer to the front board, then the rally is repeated.

6. INITIAL IMPACT (BREAKING).

The right to perform a kick-off is granted based on the results of a rally or lot (the drawing is mandatory during official competitions). The winner of the rally or toss has the right to make the initial kick or concede it to the opponent.
The cue ball is introduced into the game by hitting it from the hand from the house. In this case, object balls are placed according to the rules of each specific game. The cue ball is considered to be in play once it has crossed the front line as a result of being struck by the cue stick.

7. HAND KICK FROM THE HOUSE.

A home shot is performed at the beginning of the game and after the cue ball falls into the pocket in cases specifically stipulated by the rules of each specific game. A participant entering the game can place the cue ball anywhere in the house. He can hit any object ball that is centered outside the home (including the front line). Hitting object balls in the house is possible only if the cue ball first leaves the house and then, after hitting the tailgate, returns back to the house. The position of the ball is determined by the position of its center (or the point where the ball touches the playing surface). Before crossing the front line, the cue ball must not touch the object balls located in the house.
The cue ball is considered to be put into play after it leaves the house as a result of being hit with a cue stick. While the cue ball is not in play, it can be corrected by hand, cue, etc. However, any touching of the cue ball after it has been put into play will result in a foul.

8. PLAYING FROM HAND.
If the rules of a particular game provide for play in hand after a foul is called, then the entering opponent may place the cue ball anywhere on the playing surface of the table and hit any object ball.

9. BALLS PLAYED.

The ball is considered played (pocketed) if, as a result of a correct shot, it falls into the pocket. A ball that jumps out of the pocket onto the playing surface of the table is considered unplayed.

10. POSITION OF BALLS.

The position of the ball is determined by the position of its lowest point (or center).

11. TOUCHING THE FLOOR.

When making a kick, at least one foot of the player must touch the floor, otherwise a penalty will be imposed.

12. PERFORMING A KICK BEFORE THE BALLS STOP.

A player is penalized with a foul if he hits before the cue ball or any object ball has come to a complete stop (a ball spinning in place is considered moving.)

13. COMPLETION OF THE IMPACT.
The strike is considered completed only after all the balls have completely stopped on the playing surface of the table.

14. HOUSE AND FRONT LINE.

The front line is not part of the house. Therefore, if the rules of the game require that the balls be struck outside the house, then the object ball located exactly on the front line is played. Accordingly, when entering the game from home (from the hand behind the front line), the cue ball should not be placed directly on the front line, but a little closer.

15. GENERAL RULE FOR ALL VIOLATIONS.

Although specific billiard games may impose different penalties for the same infraction, the following general rules apply to all infractions: (1) the stroke goes to the opponent, (2) no pocketed ball counts, and (3) any ball ( balls) are placed only if this is provided for by the rules of a particular game.

16. MISSING A LEGAL BALL.
A shot is considered illegal if the cue ball does not touch any of the legal (regular) object balls, that is, balls whose first contact is provided for by the rules of a particular game. Playing away from an object ball located close to the cue ball does not count as hitting that ball.

17. CORRECT KICK.

The shot is considered correct if the cue ball first touches the legal (next) object ball, and then either (1) one of the object balls falls into the pocket, or (2) the cue ball or any of the object balls is brought to the edge. Failure to comply with these requirements will result in a foul.

18. THE CALL FALLS INTO A Pocket.

If the cue ball falls into the pocket during the shot, a foul is declared.

For touching any object ball or cue ball with your body, clothing, chalk, machine, cue shaft, etc. during the game. a fine is imposed. You can only touch the cue ball with the cue stick when performing a correct shot.

If the cue stick touches the cue ball more than once during a shot, or if the cue stick touches the cue ball while the cue ball is touching (or after the cue ball has touched) the object ball, a penalty is assessed. If there is any illegal object ball close to the cue ball, the shot must be struck away from it, otherwise a penalty will be imposed.

If a player pushes the cue ball forward, delaying the contact time of the cue sticker with the cue ball out of proportion to the swing motion, a penalty is imposed.

22. CORRECT JUMP.

When jumping correctly, the blow must be struck with a raised cue into the upper half of the ball. However, any kick, that is, slipping of the cue sticker on the surface of the cue ball, is penalized when performing a jump. Performing a jump by any other means is prohibited.

23. JUMPED BALLS.

Balls that have stopped after being hit outside the playing surface of the table (on an elastic board, on a handrail, on the floor, etc.) are considered to have jumped out. The ball is not considered to have popped out if it hits top part elastic side or handrail, independently returns again to the playing surface, without touching any other object that is not a stationary accessory of the table. (If the ball touches any object that is not part of the table, for example, a lighting fixture, chalk on the board or handrail, etc., then it is considered to have jumped out, even if it then returns to the playing surface on its own).
In all pocket billiard games, a shot that causes the cue ball or any of the object balls to go overboard is penalized. All popped object balls are placed after all balls have completely stopped on the playing surface of the table. The popped cue ball is put into play in accordance with the rules of each specific game.

24. SIMULTANEOUS VIOLATION OF SEVERAL RULES.

If several rules are violated during a kick, the player is penalized with one foul, and the most severe penalty is imposed for the most flagrant violation committed during the kick.

25. SELF-ARBINORY MOVEMENT OF BALLS.

If the ball moves, rolls, turns, or otherwise moves spontaneously, it is left where it stops and play continues. If a ball hovering over a pocket remains motionless for five seconds or more and then falls into the pocket, then it should be restored to its original place and play continues.
If, during a shot, the object ball spontaneously falls into the pocket before hitting the cue ball, then the cue ball and object ball are restored to their original positions, after which the shot is repeated. The same applies to spontaneous displacement at the moment of impact of any other object ball.

26. PLAYING BALLS.

If the rules of a particular game require one or more balls to be fielded, after the stroke is completed they are placed on the lengthwise line as follows: the ball with the lowest number is placed on the back mark, and the rest, in ascending order of number, are placed one after the other towards the back edge. . If the balls on the table do not allow the specified requirement to be met exactly, then the exposed balls are placed on the longitudinal line as close as possible to the back mark, close to the interfering object balls, without moving them. If the cue ball interferes, then the exposed balls are placed as close to it as possible, but not close.
If there is not enough space for the balls to be placed between the back mark and the back wall, then the balls are placed on the extension of the longitudinal line in front of the back mark (between the back mark and the center) as close to it as possible, while the ball with the lowest number must be in front, and the rest, in ascending order of numbers, are located one after another towards the rear mark.

27. BALLS FALLED WITH THE PLAYED BALLS.

If, when performing a correct shot, other object balls fall into the pockets along with the played one, then they are counted in accordance with the rules of each specific game.

28. INTERVENTION OF A STRANGER.

If during play the balls move due to interference stranger(either directly or by any influence on the kicker), they are returned to their original positions and play continues without penalty. If the game is official, then the referee restores the position. This rule should also be applied in case of emergencies such as an earthquake, hurricane, falling lighting fixture, accident, etc. If the position cannot be restored, then the game is replayed, with the same player making the initial blow. This rule, however, does not apply to the game "14+1 with continuation", in which one game consists of successive pyramids. Therefore, the drawing of the current pyramid is interrupted, and the drawing of a new one begins, while the right of the initial strike is determined anew. The score, however, remains the same as it was when the game was suspended.

29. ORDER OF INITIAL IMPACT.

If a match is held until a certain number of victories or games have been played, then the winner of each individual game makes the first blow in the next one. At the discretion of the competition organizers, the following options are possible: (1) Players take turns. (2) The loser breaks. (3) Breaks the loser into games.

30. ENTRY INTO THE OPPONENT'S GAME.

If the player was unable to pocket the ball correctly or violated the rules, then the opponent enters the game. If the rules are not violated, then the opponent accepts the current position on the table.

31. BALL ON BOARD.

A shot at an object ball that is close to the board must result in (1) one of the object balls falling into a pocket, or (2) the cue ball hitting the board, or (3) that object ball hitting the other board (with which it was not originally in contact). contact), or (4) bringing another object ball to the edge.
Failure to comply with any one of these four requirements will result in a foul.
The fact that the object ball touches the side must be witnessed by the referee or one of the players, which must be announced before the shot.

32. CALL INSTALLATION.

When playing by hand, the cue ball can be set with your hand or any part of the cue (including the sticker). After placing the cue ball, any forward movement of the cue accompanied by contact with the cue ball is considered to be the start of a shot.

33. INTERFERENCE IN THE OPPONENT’S GAME.

If a player distracts his opponent or interferes with his play, this is considered a foul. Interference is considered to be striking out of turn, as well as dislodging any ball during the opponent’s play.

14. GAME OF EIGHT.

If, during an eight-ball game, the cue ball falls into a pocket or a violation is committed that is not accompanied by falling into a pocket or jumping over the side of the eight, then the defeat is not counted. The opponent entering the game plays from his hand.

15. READING OF THE DEFEAT.

A player is considered defeated if he commits one of the following violations:

The eight was scored in violation of the rules;
the eight and the last ball of your group are pocketed in one shot;
during the game the eight jumped overboard;
the eight is not pocketed as ordered;
The eight is pocketed before all the balls in its group have been played.

16. STAMLE POSITION.

If each of the players three times in a row (6 times in total) breaks the rules in turn, without striving (in the opinion of the judge) to win the game, since this can lead to inevitable defeat, then the game is considered a “stalemate”. After this, the balls are rearranged and the game is replayed.

NOTE. When playing "Eight" for three violations in a row committed by one player, the defeat is not counted.

7. Nine

When playing "Nine", you should be guided by the "General Pool Rules", as well as the following rules:

1. PURPOSE OF THE GAME.

"Nine" is played with a cue ball and nine object balls numbered one through nine. In any shot, the cue ball must touch the lowest numbered ball first, but the balls do not have to be pocketed in numerical order. If, with a correct shot, any ball falls into the pocket, then the player remains at the table and continues to play until he misses, breaks the rules, or wins by pocketing a nine. Entering the game after a miss, the partner accepts the current position on the table, however, after his opponent commits any violation of the rules, he has the right to play from his hand, placing the cue ball anywhere on the table.
There is no need to declare an order. The match ends after one of the players wins the specified number of games.

2. ARRANGEMENT OF BALLS.

The object balls are placed in a diamond shape, with the one placed at the top of the diamond on the back mark, the nine in the center, and the remaining balls randomly placed close to each other.

3. CORRECT INITIAL SHOOT.

The kickoff is subject to the same rules as any other kick. The difference, however, is this:
a) The player must hit one and either pocket an object ball or bring at least four object balls to the board.
b) If the cue ball falls into a pocket or jumps overboard, as well as if the requirements for the initial shot are not met, then this is a violation of the rules, and the opponent entering the game has the right to play from his hand from any place on the table.
c) If an object ball jumps overboard during the kickoff, this is also a violation and the incoming opponent plays from his hand from anywhere on the table. The object ball is not positioned (exception: if a nine jumps overboard, it is positioned).

4. CONTINUATION OF THE GAME.

When making a shot immediately following the kick-off, the player has the right to a “push-out”. If a player pockets at least one object ball while making a correct kickoff shot, he continues play until he misses, fouls, or wins the game. If a player misses or commits a foul, the incoming opponent begins his streak and in turn continues the game until he misses, fouls or wins. The game ends if a correct shot hits the nine or if one player is awarded a forfeit for a serious foul.

5. PUSH OUT.

The player who takes the shot immediately after the correct kick-off has the right to play a “push-out”, the essence of which is to move the cue ball to a more advantageous position from the point of view of the further development of the game. When performing a push-out, the cue ball does not have to touch any ball or reach the rail, but all other rules apply.
The player must announce his intention to play a push-out before making the shot, otherwise the shot will be treated as a regular shot. Any ball pocketed during a push-out is not counted and remains in the pocket, with the exception of the nine. After a valid push-out, the entering opponent has the right to either take position and hit the cue ball, or concede the shot to the player who played the push-out. If during the kick-off the cue ball falls into the pocket, then the opponent entering the game does not have the right to a “push-out”.

6. PLAY AFTER A VIOLATION.

If a player commits a violation, then his series at the table ends, and all incorrectly pocketed balls remain in the pockets (with the exception of the nine, which is exposed). The opponent entering the game receives the right to hit with his hand, and he can place the cue ball anywhere on the table. Several violations committed during the execution of one blow are considered as one violation.

7. MISSED THE NEXT BALL.

The shot is considered illegal if the first contact of the cue ball occurs with a ball whose number is not the lowest on the table.

8. FAILURE TO GO ONBOARD.

The shot is considered illegal if none of the object balls are pocketed, and after touching the object ball, neither the cue ball nor any of the object balls are brought to the side.

9. HITTING FROM THE HAND.

When making a shot from the hand, the player can place the cue ball anywhere on the playing surface of the table, but not close to the object ball. He can change the position of the cue ball before hitting the shot.

10. POPPED OBJECT BALLS.

An unpocketed ball is considered popped if it stops anywhere other than on the playing surface of the table. Jumping an object ball overboard is considered a violation. Object balls that pop up are not set (except for the nine) and play continues.

11. THREE VIOLATIONS IN A CONTRACT.

If a player violates the rules three times in a row while performing three consecutive strikes (without intermediate correct strikes), then he is considered a loss in the game. Three violations must be committed in one game. Between the second and third violation there must be a warning.

12. SERIES.

The series begins from the moment the player receives the right to hit and ends with the shot, during which he either misses the pocket, or breaks the rules, or wins, as well as if the player violates the rules during the break between shots.

13. PARTY.

The game begins after the cue ball crosses the front line during the kickoff. In this case, you need to hit one. The game ends after a nine is scored as a result of a correct shot, and also if one of the players is credited with a loss.

8. 14.1 with continuation or Direct pool

When playing pool "14.1 with continuation" you should be guided by the "General Rules of Playing Pool", as well as the following rules:

1. PURPOSE OF THE GAME.

The pool game "14.1 with continuation" is custom. The player must order the ball and pocket. For every correctly scored ordered ball the player is awarded one point and continues his streak at the table until he misses the pocket or is fouled. The player can pocket the first 14 balls, but before hitting the last remaining fifteenth ball, the 14 pocketed balls are set in the same way as at the beginning of the game, in the shape of a pyramid (the place of the leading ball at the top of the pyramid remains free). After this, the player tries to pocket the fifteenth ball in such a way as to knock out the pyramid and continue his streak.
The winner is the player who is the first to score a predetermined number of points (in competitions, usually 150 points, and in a regular game - any agreed number of points).

2. NUMBER OF PLAYERS.

Two (or two teams).

3. BALLS USED.

Standard set of pool object balls numbered 1 to 15 plus cue ball.

4. ARRANGEMENT OF BALLS.

Standard triangular pyramid with the front ball (top) on the back mark, a one to the right and a five to the left. The remaining balls are placed in random order.

5. ACCOUNT MAINTENANCE.

For each correctly pocketed ball, the player is awarded one point.

6. BREAKING.

When making a break, the player must either (1) place the called ball in the designated pocket, or (2) after touching the pyramid, bring the cue ball and at least two of any object balls to the board. Failure to meet at least one of the specified requirements is considered as an incorrect partition. For each incorrect break, the player is deducted two points. In addition, his opponent has the right to either (1) accept the current position on the table, or (2) invite his partner to re-break after placing the balls. This continues until a correct break is made or until the opponent takes a position on the table. Illegal breaking is not subject to the three consecutive violation rule.
If, while fulfilling the above two requirements for correct breaking, the cue ball falls into a pocket or flies overboard, then the player is fined one point for the violation (foul), and, in addition, the rule of three consecutive violations begins to apply. The incoming opponent plays from hand or home, with all object balls remaining in place.

7. RULES OF THE GAME.

7.1. A correctly pocketed ordered ball entitles the player to continue his streak. He can hit any ball of his choice, but must order the ball and pocket before hitting. There is no need to include details such as touches of other balls, caroms, combination shots or doublets (it goes without saying that all of these are allowed). For each ball pocketed during a correct shot along with the ordered one, the player is awarded one additional point.
7.2. When making any shot after the cue ball hits any object ball, either (1) one of the object balls must be pocketed, or (2) the cue ball or any object ball must hit the lip. Failure to comply with these requirements is considered a violation. If the ball is spaced from the board at a distance less than the diameter of the ball (if necessary, the referee can make the appropriate measurement), but not close, then the player is allowed to make only two wins by bringing the ball to the nearby board. If two such wagers have already been made, then when making subsequent shots the ball is considered to be located close to the board, which presupposes compliance with the requirements of the “Ball on Board” section of the “General Pool Rules”.
NOTE. If the player has previously violated the rules, he is allowed to make only one win back by bringing such a ball to the nearby board. When performing the next stroke, he must be guided by the requirements of the “Ball on Board” section. The same applies to the case when the player first played back on this ball and then violated the rules. If he has previously committed two violations, then the requirements of the “Ball on Board” section come into force immediately. If a player violates the requirements of this section, then he will be called a third foul in a row, which entails the deduction of the corresponding number of penalty points, as well as one point for each previous foul. After this, all fifteen balls are rearranged, and the player who violated the rules breaks with a blow from the house.
7.3. After fourteen balls are pocketed, the game immediately stops, while the fifteenth ball remains in the same place, and the pyramid of fourteen balls is re-arranged (the place of the ball on the back mark, that is, at the top of the pyramid, remains free). After this, the player makes another shot, usually pocketing the fifteenth ball in such a way that the cue ball, hitting the pyramid, scatters the balls all over the table, thereby facilitating the continuation of the game. The player, however, is not required to hit the fifteenth ball. He can choose any ball at his discretion.
The table shows what to do if the fifteenth ball falls into the pocket at the same time as the fourteenth.
7.4. For tactical reasons, a player can declare not a custom strike, but a comeback. Wagering, like any other strike, must obey the appropriate rules. After completing the wagering, the player ends his series, and all the balls pocketed in this case are not counted and are set out.
7.5. A player must not catch, touch or in any way influence a ball moving towards a pocket or pyramid site (this also includes the case when a player catches a ball with his hand in the pocket). Otherwise, he is penalized with a special foul for an intentional violation, while one point is deducted from his score as for a regular foul, and an additional fifteen points, for a total of sixteen points. The partner entering the game has the right to either (1) take a position on the table and make a handbreak from behind the front line, or (2) after placing a pyramid of fifteen balls, re-invite his opponent to make a handbreak from home.
7.6. The table shows what should be done in cases where an unpocketed fifteenth ball and/or cue ball prevents the installation of a new pyramid (shaded rectangles refer to the case where both balls remain in place).
7.7 If a player makes a handball from behind the head line (for example, after the cue ball has fallen into a pocket), and all object balls are located in the house, then, at his request, the object ball closest to the head line may be placed on the back mark. If two or more balls are at equal distances from the front line, then any of them is placed at the player’s discretion.

WHAT TO DO, IF:

The cue ball is located	At the site of the pyramid	Not at the pyramid location or at the front mark	At the front mark*
The 15th ball is located	At the site of the pyramid	Not at the pyramid location or at the front mark	At the front mark*
At the site of the pyramid	15th ball: on the back mark Cue ball: into the house	15th ball: to the front mark Cue ball: in place	15th ball: to the center mark Cue ball: in place
	15th ball: on the back mark Cue ball: into the house	15th ball: on the back mark Cue ball: in place	15th ball: on the back mark Cue ball: in place
In the house, but not at the front mark	15th ball: on the back mark Cue ball: to the front mark
Not in the house and not in the place where the pyramid was installed	15th ball: in place Cue ball: into the house
At the front mark*	15th ball: in place Cue ball: to the center mark

* That is, it interferes with placing the ball on the front mark.

8. IMPROPERLY POCKED OBJECT BALLS.

Everything is exposed. No fine will be imposed.

9. POPPED OBJECT BALLS.

They are placed after all other balls have completely stopped. A fine will be imposed.

10. FALLING INTO A POCKET OR JUMPING OVER THE BOARD.

The partner entering the game plays from behind the front line. The exception is when game rules 7.2 or 7.5 have been violated, or the rule of three consecutive violations has come into force, which provides for other consequences.

11. PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS.

For each foul, one point is deducted.
NOTE. More severe penalties are imposed for willful violations (see rule 7.5), as well as for a third consecutive violation (see below). The player entering the game accepts the current position on the table, except for cases when the cue ball flies overboard or falls into a pocket, as well as if a deliberate or third violation is committed.

12. THREE CONSECUTIVE VIOLATIONS.

If a player commits a violation, then, in addition to deducting one penalty point (or more), the referee opens the scoring for fouls. If, on his next approach to the table, the player successfully pockets the ordered ball or makes a correct return, the foul is canceled. Otherwise, he is punished with another penalty point and a corresponding note is made in the protocol stating that the player has already committed two fouls in a row. If after this, on his next approach to the table, the player is unable to pocket the ordered ball or perform the correct wager, then a fine of fifteen points is imposed on him. When committing a third violation in a row, all fouls registered against the player are automatically canceled.
All balls are then re-set and the penalized player breaks according to the above rules for the kick-off.
It should be emphasized that three consecutive violations must be committed in three consecutive approaches to the table, and not simply in three consecutive series. For example, a player ends his run #6 with a foul, commits a foul on the first shot of run #7 (thus committing two fouls in a row), and then successfully begins run #8 by correctly pocketing the ordered ball, but on the next shot of that run drops the cue ball into the pocket. In this case, although he committed violations in each of the three consecutive series, he does not have three violations in a row. The player's two fouls in a row were canceled immediately after he correctly potted the ball on the first shot of series No. 8. Of course, the next time he approaches the table to perform series No. 9, the player is left with one foul.

13. ACCOUNT RECORDING.

Subtracting penalty points may result in a negative score. The current score may be "minus one", "minus two", "minus fifteen", etc. A player may win the game with 150 points, while his opponent may have nothing but two fouls. The final result of the game will therefore be 150 to -2.
If a player commits an offense without pocketing the ball, a penalty point is deducted from the total number previously scored points. If a player commits a violation, and the ordered ball falls into the pocket, then the ball is fielded (not counted), and the penalty point, as in the previous case, is deducted from the total number of points scored earlier.

9. Snooker

1. EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES

1.1. Standard table

1. Dimensions: The playing surface, enclosed between elastic sides, must have dimensions of 3569 mm x 1778 mm. The permissible deviation for both dimensions is ±13 mm.
2. Height: the height of the table from the floor to the top side of the side (handrail) ranges from 850 to 875 mm.
3. Pockets:
a) The table must have four pockets in the corners and two pockets in the middle of the long sides;
b) The dimensions and shape of the pockets must comply with the standards of the World professional association canon and snooker.
4. Beam line and beam: The straight line parallel to the front board and spaced 737 mm from it (1/5 of the length of the playing surface) is called the beam line, and the space between it and the front board is called the beam.
5. Sector "D": Sector "D" is a semicircle, circumscribed towards the beam, with a center in the middle of the beam line and a radius of 292 mm (1/6 of the width of the playing surface).
6. Marks: There are four marks on the center longitudinal line of the table.
1) Special mark (black ball mark) - at a distance of 324 mm (1/11 of the length of the playing surface) from the backboard.
2) Center mark - in the center of the playing surface of the table.
3) Pyramid mark - at an equal distance from the center mark and the backboard.

1.2. Balls

1. Balls must have a diameter of 52.5 mm. Permissible deviation ± 0.05 mm.
2. The weight of the balls must be the same. The permissible deviation is:
a) 3 g - in a snooker set
b) 0.5 g - in the set for Canon.
Note: by mutual agreement of the players or by decision of the referee, a ball or the entire set of balls can be replaced.
Cue
The length of the cue must be at least 914 mm, and its shape must not differ significantly from the traditional and generally accepted one.
Accessories
You can use clippers to support the cue.
Note: Players are responsible for carefully installing and promptly removing the machine from the table.

2. DEFINITION OF TERMS

2.1. Frame* (draw)

The frame ends:
1) either after the opponent admitted defeat,
2) either after the last black ball has been correctly pocketed, or a violation has been committed while hitting it.

2.2. Game (game)

A game consists of an agreed number of frames.
* In domestic billiard practice, the concepts of “frame” (draw) and “game” (game) coincide, i.e. the game consists of one draw. (Translator's note.)

2.3. Match (meeting)

A match consists of an agreed number of games.

2.4. Balls

1. White ball - cue ball.
2. 15 red
3. 6 colored balls - aiming balls.

2.5. playing

The participant preparing to make or making a strike is the player and remains so until the completion of the strike or series (clauses 2.6 and 2.12).

2.6. Hit

1. The cue ball is struck with a cue stick.
2. The blow is considered correct if the following requirements are met:
a) at the moment of impact, all balls must be motionless, and the colored ones (if necessary) must be exposed;
b) the cue ball must be hit, not pushed (pushed);
c) when performing one stroke, the sticker should not touch the cue ball more than once;
d) at the moment the kick is executed, at least one foot of the player must touch the floor;
e) the player must not touch any other balls except the cue ball in accordance with clause 6-a;
e) the ball or balls must not jump overboard.
3. The stroke is considered completed after all the balls have stopped and the player, in the opinion of the referee, has moved away from the table.

2.7. Out of the game

1. The cue ball is out of play if it falls into a pocket or goes overboard.
2. He remains out of play until he is put into play by an in-hand stroke or until any violation is committed after the cue ball has been placed.

2.8. Ball in game

1. The cue ball is in play in all cases not falling under clause 2.7.
2. Object balls are in play after fielding and remain so until they fall into a pocket or go overboard.
Note: A cue may be used to set the cue ball if the player, in the opinion of the referee, is not attempting to make a shot. In this case, the cue ball remains out of play, even if the cue stick touches the cue ball.

2.9. Next ball (ball in play)

The next object ball is the one that must first touch the cue ball after the shot is struck.

2.10. Declared ball

A declared object is an object ball that the player announces (or points to the referee) as the next one.
Note: at the request of the referee, the player must announce the next ball.

2.11. Played (pocketed ball)

1. An object ball is considered potted if, after colliding with another ball and in full compliance with these Rules, it falls into a pocket.
2. If a color is played, then it should be placed before the next blow is struck, until it is finally played in accordance with clause 3.3.
If a strike is made with incorrectly placed or unplaced balls and this violation was not recorded in a timely manner, then:
a) the balls that were on the table are considered to be correctly placed,
b) balls that are outside the table are placed after they are discovered.
Notes: 1). The player must ensure that all balls are positioned correctly before striking.
2). Except for special cases specified in paragraphs. 7.3.8 and 7.3.12, the positions of the red balls are never restored, notwithstanding that the offending player may gain any positional advantage as a result.

2.12. Series

1. If the ball is played, then the next stroke is made by the same player.
2. A streak is a sequence of scoring hits by the same player.

2.13. Popped balls

1. The ball is considered to have jumped out if, after being hit, it did not stop on the playing surface of the table and did not fall into the pocket.
2. If a colored jumps out, then before the next blow is struck it is set in accordance with clause 7.3.6.

2.14. Violation (foul)

A violation is any act that contradicts these Rules.

2.15. Mask (snooker)

1. A mask is a position in which masking (not next) object balls do not allow a direct hit with the cue ball on the next feast.
Note: there is no mask if a direct hit is possible on at least one of the next balls.
2. If a shot is made from the hand, then the cue ball is masked only if it is impossible to directly hit the next ball from any position inside or along the boundaries of sector “D”.
3. If the cue ball is masked by more than one ball, then the one closest to the cue ball is called the effective masking ball.

2.16. Lip hold

1. The cue ball is considered to be placed behind the lip of the pocket if the lip of the pocket does not allow a direct hit to the next object ball.
Note: the cue ball is not considered to be placed on the lip if a direct hit is possible on at least one of the next balls. If the cue ball is placed by the lip in violation of the Rules, then
1. the judge states this fact, after which
2. The player can, if desired, strike with his hand from the sector.

2.17. Occupied mark

A mark is considered occupied if a ball cannot be placed on it without touching another ball.

2.18. Pushed through

A pass is an illegal shot in which the cue stick remains in contact with the cue ball:
1) after the cue ball has touched the object ball;
2) after the cue ball has begun to move forward independently. If the cue ball and the object ball almost touch each other, then the shot made at the extreme cut is considered correct.

2.19. Jump

A hop is a shot in which the cue ball first jumps over a masking object ball and then hits the next object ball (rather than the other way around).
Note 1: if the jumping cue ball lands on the other side of the next ball, then the cue ball is considered to have jumped over it, even if it touched the next ball in flight (i.e. the hit is considered as a miss on the next ball).
Note 2: if the cue ball hits the side after hitting the next ball and then jumps over the next ball, then the shot is considered correct.

2.20. Miss

A miss is a shot in which the cue ball, in the opinion of the referee, did not hit the next ball.

3. GAME

3.1. Description

Snooker is played in English pool table. There can be two or more players, divided into teams or each for himself.
The winner is the player or team who scores greatest number points, or the one who is awarded the victory in the game. Each player uses the same white cue ball. The 21 object balls include 15 red ones worth one point and 6 colored ones: yellow - 2 points, green - 3, brown - 4, blue - 5, pink - 6, black - 7. Scoring shots are made by playing red and colored alternately until until there is not a single red ball left on the table, after which the colored ones are played in ascending order of their value, i.e. from yellow to black.

3.2. Ball placement

Before the start of each frame, the object balls are positioned as follows:
black - for a special mark,
pink - on the pyramidal mark,
blue - to the central mark,
brown - in the middle of the beam line,
green - in the left corner of the sector,
yellow - in the right corner of the sector,
red - in the shape of a triangle with the top as close as possible to the pink ball, but not close, and the base parallel to the back board.
Note: Positions are usually named by the color of the object ball, eg black mark, pink mark, etc.

3.3. Playing the game

3.3.1. By drawing lots, the participants decide in what order they will play, and this order (except for the cases specified in section 3.10) must remain unchanged throughout the entire frame.
Note: The order of the first strike in each subsequent frame during the same game changes.
3.2.2. The frame begins with a blow from the hand from sector "D".
3.3.3. The cue ball must:
a) touch the next ball and
b) Don't fall into a pocket.
3.3.4. Not another ball should fall into the pocket.
3.3.5. The following conditions are met:
a) as long as there are red balls on the table, they are the next ones when performing the first blow of each new series;
b) in the case of a scoring strike, the value of each red ball played or a ball declared as red is counted.
3.3.6. If a red is played, then the next ball in play is a colored one. If a color is played correctly, the player is credited with its value, after which the ball is exposed.
3.3.7. The following conditions are met:
a) while red balls remain on the table, the series continues by alternately playing red and colored ones;
b) after this, colored ones become the next ones in order of increasing their value (clause 3.2), which after playing are no longer displayed (except for special cases specified below);
c) if the player fails to make a successful shot, then the opponent entering the game plays from the place where the cue ball stopped.
3.3.8. If there is only one black ball left on the table, the frame ends after the first hit or foul, unless the score is then tied, in which case proceed as follows:
a) black is displayed,
b) by drawing lots they determine who will make the next blow,
c) the game continues with a blow from the hand from the sector,
d) the frame ends after the first successful hit or foul.
Note: If there is an aggregate score in a set or match, the above rule only applies if the score is tied after the end of the last frame.
3.3.9. The player must, to the best of his strength and ability, try to hit the next ball. Otherwise, the judge declares a mistake.
Note: if it is impossible to hit the next ball, it is considered that the player is trying to hit it.

3.4. Hand strike from the sector

The hand shot is made after the cue ball is placed inside or on the border of sector “D”. Note: If necessary, the referee must answer the question of whether the cue ball is positioned correctly.

3.5. Hitting the cue ball into two balls at the same time

The cue ball must not hit two balls at the same time, unless both balls are red or one is free and the other is regular.

3.6. Exhibiting Coloreds

3.6.1. If it is necessary to place a colored ball, but its own mark is occupied, then it is placed on the free mark of the highest value.
3.6.2. If more than one color is fielded and their own marks are occupied, then priority is given to the ball of higher value.
3.6.3. If all the marks are occupied, then the color one is placed as close as possible to its own mark on the side of the rear side.
3.6.4. If, in the case of black or pink, all the space on the longitudinal line between its own mark and the back board is occupied, then the ball is placed on the longitudinal line as close as possible to its own mark from the front side.

3.7. Balls touching

3.7.1. If the cue ball touches another ball, which is or may be the next one, then the referee determines the contact of the balls.
3.7.2. In this case, the player must strike away from him, otherwise he will be pushed through.
3.7.3. There is no penalty for hitting away from the ball if:
a) the ball is not another,
b) the ball is next, and the player announces it, or
c) the next ball, and the player announces and strikes another ball.
Note: If, in the opinion of the referee, the ball in contact has moved due to reasons beyond the player's control, no penalty will be imposed.

3.8. Ball hanging on the edge of a pocket

3.8.1. If a ball falls into a pocket without colliding with another ball, it is restored to its original place.
3.8.2. If the hanging ball could have been hit by any other ball that had started to move as a result of the blow, but fell into the pocket before colliding with it, then all the balls are restored to their original positions and the blow is repeated again. If a violation is committed, then a fine is imposed on the player and all balls are restored to their original positions (except for the case specified in clause 3.10c).
3.8.3. If a ball pauses for a moment on the edge of a pocket and then falls into it, it is not recovered.

3.9. loose ball

3.9.1. If the cue ball is masked after a violation, the referee declares a free ball.
3.9.2. If the opponent takes the hit in this case, he can declare any object ball to be the next one.
3.9.3. When performing this strike, the announced ball (in all respects except clause 3.9.5a) is considered as another and is equal to it in value.
3.9.4. The rules are considered violated if:
a) the cue ball did not touch (first) the free ball,
b) after the strike, the cue ball turned out to be masked by a free ball (except for the case when only pink and black remained on the table).
3.9.5. If the free ball is played then
a) he is exhibiting,
b) the player is credited with the cost of the next ball.
3.9.6. If another ball is played, its value is counted.
3.9.7. If both a free ball and a regular one are played, then only the value of the next ball is counted (except for the case specified in clause 3.3b).

3.10. Violations

3.10.1. If a violation is committed:
a) the referee immediately calls a foul and, after completing the kick, announces a penalty;
b) if the referee did not record the violation, and the opponent did not declare it before the next blow, then it remains without consequences;
c) all incorrectly placed balls remain in their places, and those not placed are put out;
d) when imposing or claiming a fine, all previously scored points are taken into account;
e) the next shot is made from the place where the cue ball stopped.
3.10.2. If several violations are committed during the execution of one blow, then only one, but the maximum penalty provided for the most serious violation, is imposed.
3.10.3. a) The player who committed the violation is subject to a fine as provided for in the Rules, and penalty points are added to the opponent’s current score;
b) in addition, at the request of the opponent, the offender is obliged to make the next blow;
c) if the Rule set out in clause 3.3 is violated, then at the request of the opponent the offender is obliged to strike from the starting position.

3 .eleven. Fines

For the following violations, a fine is imposed in the prescribed amount, but not less than four points.
3.11.1. In the amount of the cost of the next ball: per strike
a) until the balls come to a complete stop (clause 2.6),
b) on the cue ball more than once (clause 2.6),
c) with both legs lifted off the floor (clause 2.6),
d) out of turn (clause 3.3),
e) incorrectly by hand (clause 3.4), for:
e) miss on all object balls (clause 3.3),
g) the cue ball falls into the pocket (clause 3.3),
h) masking the cue ball with a free ball (clause 3.9),
i) jump over the next ball (clause 2.19).
3.11.2. In the amount of the cost of the regular or corresponding non-regular ball for:
a) the wrong ball falls into the pocket (clause 3.3),
b) the cue ball touches a different ball for the first time (clause 3.3),
c) pushed through (clause 2.18),
d) striking with an incorrectly positioned ball (clause 2.11),
e) touching the ball other than with the cue stick during a correct shot (clause 2.6),
e) a popped ball (clause 2.13).
3.11.3. In the amount of the cost of the next or two balls (whichever is greater) if the cue ball hits these two balls at the same time, with the exception of two red ones or a free one and the next one (clause 3.5).
3.11.4. A penalty of seven points is imposed if the player
a) violates the Rules after the red is played, but before the color is announced;
b) uses balls that are out of play for one purpose or another;
c) plays on red when it’s color’s turn;
d) uses a non-white ball as a cue ball.

3.12. Outside influence

If a stationary or moving ball is disturbed due to any extraneous influence not related to the player, then the referee restores it to its original place.
Note: this also includes the case when, due to some outside intervention, the player himself touches the ball. The player is also not responsible if the balls are disturbed due to any direct or indirect influence on the part of the referee.

3.13. Stalemate position

If there is a stalemate on the table, the referee must warn the players that if the situation does not change soon, the frame will be declared void. After that, it is replayed maintaining the same order of participants.

3.14. Doubles snooker

3.14.1. In doubles play, each pair takes turns starting the next frame. The order of play of the participants is determined before the start of each frame and must remain unchanged during the frame.
3.14.2. Before the start of each frame, the order of participants may be changed.
3.14.3. If a violation is committed, then at the request of the opponent the offender makes the next blow, while the accepted order is maintained.
3.14.4. If the frame ends in a draw, then clause 3.3 comes into force. In this case, the pair that received the right to the first strike has the right to choose the order of players, which remains until the end of the frame.
3.14.5. During the game, partners can confer with each other, except when one of them is the player and is at the table, and also if he has already started his series.

4. PARTICIPANTS

4.1. Slow Play

If a player, in the opinion of the referee, spends too much time on the kick, the referee warns him of possible disqualification.

4.2. Unsportsmanlike conduct

If a player refuses to continue playing or, in the opinion of the referee, deliberately and systematically behaves in an unsportsmanlike manner, then he is considered a loser in the game and is disqualified from further participation in the competition.

4.3. Sanctions

If a player is awarded victory under the conditions specified above, then the offender

a) a loss in the game is counted,
b) the points he scored are canceled, and the opponent is awarded the value of all the balls remaining on the table (eight points are counted for each red one).
Note: If an aggregate score is kept, the offender also loses 147 points for each remaining unplayed frame.

4.4. Free opponent

When performing a kick, the opponent must not stand or move within the player’s field of vision. He should sit or stand at a sufficient distance from the table.

4.5. Absent Rival

If an opponent leaves the competition premises for a while, he can leave behind his representative, who protects his interests and, if necessary, informs the judge about the violation.

5. OFFICIALS

5.1. Judge

1. The judge is obliged:
a) make the final decision on all gaming issues and be responsible for strict compliance with these Rules;
b) intervene in case of any violation;
c) if the player is color blind, suggest the color of the ball at his request;
d) at the request of the players, wipe the balls.
2. A judge must not:
a) answer questions not provided for by these Rules;
b) in any way warn the player that he is about to make an illegal shot;
c) give advice or express an opinion about the game.
3. If the referee did not notice any moment of the game, then he can make a decision based on a survey of witnesses who had the best opportunity to observe what happened.
Note: The judge must answer the question about the difference in points.

5.2. Secretary

The scorekeeper must keep score on the display board and assist the referee in performing his duties. Note: At the request of the player, the referee or scorer may move the light source if any shadow may affect the execution of the stroke.

6. MODIFIED RULES FOR DISABLED PERSONS

In addition to existing Rules For players playing in wheelchairs, the following provisions are made:
1. They must remain in a sitting position.
2. They should keep their feet on a footrest or stand at some distance from the floor.
In addition, the judge must help participants who have difficulty installing and removing the machine from the table. Players must inform the referee or appropriate official in advance that they will require this type of assistance during the game.

10. Five chips

International rules of carom game 5 chips complement the charter and regulations of the UMB (International Billiards Union). These Rules apply to all World Championships and official international tournaments recognized by UMB. In relation to special cases of the game, not provided for by these Rules, the International Refereeing Rules give the referee the right to make a decision on them, but it must be recorded in the minutes of the meeting.

In case of unforeseen circumstances regarding the competition as a whole, the decision is made by the official representative of the UMB (in our case, the representative of the FBI) after consultation with the official representative of the federation - the organizer and director of the tournament (chief judge).

1. Marking points and lines in Carambola

The places where the chips (pins) are installed are marked with marks (five marks in total) drawn with chalk, pencil or ink, as thinly as possible. It is prohibited to mark these places by installing stickers. In addition, it is noted:

1. top mark, at a distance of 100 mm from the top short side (on the center line - 710 mm from the long side),

2. a mark located in the center of the upper half of the playing field of the table - a red ball is located on it,

3. a mark located in the center of the bottom of the billiards, on the line where the balls are placed during the kick-off (710 mm from the lower short side),

4. the lower mark, at a distance of 100 mm from the lower short side, - the opponent’s ball is placed on it, when playing from hand, if the upper mark is occupied by a red ball and the player decides to play in the position as in the kick-off,

5. Marking lines are drawn with chalk, pencil or ink, as thin as possible.

Stowing other items is only permitted for lines on the floor:

The middle line divides the playing field into 1/2 parts;

The line where the opponent's balls are placed during the kickoff;

The boundary of the placement of the legs when performing the initial kick and punch from the hand.

2. Purpose of the game

The goal of the game is to achieve the number of points established by the Competition Regulations. The first player to reach the set number of points wins the game. If this limit is exceeded during the final stroke, then the winner's total score is reduced to this set limit. They play in games, the total number of which in the match must be odd. The blows are applied alternately, only with a cue stick.

3. Kickoff play

The referee places the players' balls on the scrimmage line at a distance of 30 cm from the long side. The red ball is placed on a mark located in the center of the upper half of the playing field of the table. 4 side and 1 central chips are installed in their places. If the players do not agree on who should play with which ball, as well as on which half to start the kickoff, then the referee determines this by lot. At the referee's command, both players send their cue balls toward the top board with approximately the same strike, and both balls must be in motion before one of them reaches the top board. If this rule is broken, the draw is repeated. A player who violates this rule twice loses the rally, i.e. loses the right to choose - either to make the initial kick himself or to give it to his opponent.

The draw is also considered lost if:

If a player's ball collides with a red ball or one or more chips;

If the player's ball touches the long side;

If the player's ball enters the opponent's half.

If it is impossible to determine the culprit or the balls stop at the same distance from the bottom side, then the rally is repeated.

The player whose ball stops closer to the bottom board has the right to make the initial shot or concede it to his opponent.

4. Kick-off position

1. a) The ball of the player who must make the initial stroke is located in any part of the lower half of the playing field of the table;

b) the opponent's ball - at the top mark at the short top edge;

c) a red ball on the mark in the center of the upper half of the playing field of the table.

2. The player who starts the game sets the cue ball only with a cue, in any part of the lower half of the playing field, and no part of this ball should go beyond the line of the middle of the playing field.

3. At the moment of the kick-off, at least one player’s foot must touch the foot area (or line) bounded by the extension of the long side line. After placing his ball (cue ball), the player must play it so that it first touches the opponent’s ball.

4. During one match, the player makes shots with the same cue ball.

5. Players take turns making the initial kick until the end of the match, regardless of the number of games. When the kickoff is completed, points are awarded.

6. A break of 5 minutes after the second game, and if the meeting consists of three games (before the “counter”), if of five games, then after the second and before the fifth “counter”.

5. The shot is considered correct and the player is awarded positive points if:

1. The player’s cue ball touches the opponent’s ball and then knocks down the opponent’s chips with the ball;

2. the player’s cue ball touches the opponent’s ball, then touches the red ball, and then the opponent’s ball and (or) the red ball knocks down the chips;

3. the player’s cue ball touches the opponent’s ball, then the opponent’s ball touches the red ball, and then the opponent’s ball and (or) the red ball knock down the chips;

4. the player’s cue ball touches the opponent’s ball, then the red ball, which is hit by the opponent’s ball, and then the chip hits the opponent’s ball and (or) the red ball;

5. The player’s cue ball touches the opponent’s ball and then the red ball;

6. The player's cue ball touches the opponent's ball, and then the opponent's ball touches the red ball;

7. The cue ball touches the opponent’s ball, then the red ball and at the same time the opponent’s ball also touches the red ball.

6. The shot is considered correct, but does not bring any points:

If, when making his shot, the player's cue ball only touches the opponent's ball, and he does not knock down the chips and does not touch the red ball.

7. The shot is considered illegal and gives miss points.

The one who produced it and the same number of positive points are assigned to the opponent if:

1) the player’s cue ball does not touch the opponent’s ball;

2) the player’s cue ball touches the red ball before touching the opponent’s ball, and then the cue ball and (or) the red ball knock down the chips;

3) if the player’s cue ball, after touching the opponent’s ball, knocks down the chips and at the same time the opponent’s ball and (or) the red ball knocks down the chips;

4) the player hits with a ball other than his own;

5) the player commits one or more errors specified in the relevant paragraph, and at the same time during this strike positive points are achieved or not. All points are summed up and assigned to the opponent.

8. Assignment of points

1. Chip point value:

Side chips (each) - 2 points;

The central chip knocked down from the side - 4 points;

The central chip is knocked down alone, and the arrangement of the chips (figure) is complete or not - 8 points.

2. Carom Points Value:

Carom the cue ball into the opponent's ball and then into the red ball - 4 points;

Carom ricochet when the cue ball touches the opponent's ball and then the opponent's ball touches the red ball - 3 points.

Only the completion of the first carom is taken into account to assign the number of carom points. The chip and carom scores are added together to give the total number of points scored on a single shot. If positive points and error points are obtained in one hit, all points are assigned to the opponent. When assigning points, the judge calls the player's name, and he does the same when assigning total error points in favor of the opponent.

9. Refusal to play during a game

1. A player who leaves his place during a game without the permission of the referee loses this game - he is considered a defeat.

2. Any player who refuses to continue the game after the referee’s instruction is excluded from the competition.

10. Balls in contact

1. If a player's cue ball is in contact with one or two balls, the player may not send it directly to that or those balls.

2. If a player's cue ball is in contact with the board, then he has no right to play on that board.

3. To perform shots, the player must play on the cue ball either by separating it from the contacting ball (with an “apricole” strike - first with the cue ball on the side, then into the opponent’s ball), or by hitting it from above (mass), but in such a way as not to touch the ball located in contact with the cue ball. It is not a mistake if a ball in contact with the cue ball moves only because it loses the fulcrum of the cue ball (see WCBC Rules 4.1.3).

4. If, in the case of a “ball in contact” position, it is not possible to make a stroke without an error, the referee sets the three balls in the initial position. When performing this strike, the player accordingly cannot receive positive points, he can only play back, and the opponent, after playing back, can receive positive points (or error points).

11. Popped balls

1. The ball is considered to have jumped out of the billiards if it leaves the billiards or touches the material of the edge frame.

2. The very fact of the ball popping up is considered an error (2 points).

3. If one or more balls jump out of the billiards, the referee returns the jumped balls to the billiards for a hand shot if:

a) the player’s cue ball has jumped out, then the referee places it on a mark near the short side, opposite to where the opponent’s ball is located, which must make the shot from the hand. If this mark is occupied or covered, then the ball is placed on the mark corresponding to the ball that occupied or covered this mark at the short side;

b) the opponent’s ball has jumped out, then it is placed for a shot from the hand in the part of the billiards opposite to the one where the ball of the player who just made the shot is located;

c) a red ball jumps out, then the referee sets it to its initial position on the mark where the red ball is installed. If the mark is occupied or covered, then the red ball is placed on the mark corresponding to the ball that occupies or covers the mark. The referee places the player's ball for the shot in the part of the billiards opposite to the one where the ball of the player who just made the shot (and the red ball popped up) is located.

12. Tipping over chips

1. A chip is considered knocked down if its base completely loses contact with the playing surface of the table.

2. A chip that has already been knocked down, returned to its original position (one or more), is considered overturned, and its points are counted.

3. A piece is considered knocked over if it is knocked down by another piece.

4. A piece is not considered to have been knocked over if it is moved from its place of installation and the base remains in contact with the playing surface of the table. The referee returns it to its original position before performing the next blow.

5. A chip that has been hit but has not lost contact with the playing surface of the table is not considered knocked down.

6. If a chip resting on the cue ball falls as a result of the movement of the cue ball from the chip, it is not considered to be knocked over, but if the cue ball moves onto a chip, it is considered to be knocked over (the referee has the right to remove a chip resting on any of the balls, if possible, before the next blow).

7. If the space of one or more chips is completely or partially occupied by a ball or balls, the referee removes the corresponding chips. Removed chips are not taken into account as a result of the next blow and are installed after the place for their installation is cleared.

13. Play from hand

1. If a player makes a mistake, his opponent gets the opportunity to play from his hand, except for a mistake when the player's ball, after correctly touching the opponent's ball, knocks off the chips.

2. At the end of a player's illegal stroke, the referee takes into his hand the opponent's ball, which must make the next stroke, and places it freely in the half of the playing field of the table opposite to that where the ball of the player who made the mistake is located. (The offender's ball remains in its position.)

3. The player making the shot after the offender's shot places his ball only using a cue in the half of the playing field where the referee placed this ball, and no part of this ball should extend beyond the center line of the billiards.

4. If the offender's ball is exactly on the center line of the billiards, then the player's ball is placed freely in the lower half of the playing field as for a kickoff.

5. The player who must make the shot from the hand decides for himself whether to play from the hand in accordance with the above provisions or ask (demand) the referee to set the offender’s ball to its initial position - to the upper mark at the top short side. If this position is occupied by a red ball, then the offender's ball is placed in another part of the billiards on the corresponding mark, in which case the playing ball is located in the other half of the billiards.

6. If the player who is to make the hand stroke touches his game ball before the referee places it, the player is penalized and the hand stroke goes to the opponent.

7. At the request of the player, the referee must show him his game ball.

14. Player's place

The player not taking the stroke must await his stroke standing or sitting in the places provided for it, refraining from making gestures, and must not make any noise that might disturb his opponent.

15. Errors (fines)

1. If a player makes several mistakes while making his shot, the value of the points for each mistake is added up and awarded to the opponent.

2. There is an error with a penalty of only points of chips and carom without bringing the game from hand and without another additional penalty: if the playing ball (cue ball) after correctly touching the opponent's ball knocks down the chips (and possibly makes a carom), the referee designates the chips. All mistakes result in a penalty (2 points) plus penalty points for knocked down chips and caroms.

3. The following mistakes give the opponent, in addition to the mentioned points, an additional 2 points and the opportunity to play from his hand if:

a) the referee determines that the player is hitting with a ball other than his own, the referee indicates that it is an illegal ball;

b) the player first hits the red ball with the cue ball before touching the opponent’s ball, the referee’s decision is a red ball. For touching the red ball in this case, an additional penalty is imposed - 2 points (total 4 points): 2 points for a miss + 2 points for a carom;

c) the player first knocks down the chips with his cue ball, and then touches the opponent’s ball with it, the referee indicates - chips;

d) the player did not hit or hit the opponent’s ball incorrectly, the referee indicates - the opponent’s ball;

e) when making a shot, one or more balls jump out of the billiards, a penalty of 2 points is imposed regardless of the number of balls that jumped out, the referee indicates that the ball jumped out;

f) the player makes a hit before all three balls have stopped, indicated - balls in motion;

g) when making a strike, the player strikes not with the sticker of the cue, but with another part of the cue, indicated by the sticker;

h) when performing one blow, the player touches his ball with the cue sticker more than once, a touch is indicated - we have a double blow;

i) the player touches the ball or chip in order to clean them from dirt, instead of asking the judge to do this, the touch is indicated as a touch;

j) the player displaces the ball or chip directly or indirectly (with chalk, etc.) and if this displacement is not a consequence of the stroke, a touch is indicated;

k) the player hits his ball directly onto the opponent’s ball in contact with the cue ball, or plays directly onto the board with his ball in contact with the board, the solution is the ball in contact;

m) at the moment of hitting the ball during a kickoff or a handball, at least one of the player’s legs does not touch the floor, or during a kickoff or handball, the player goes beyond the established boundaries with all or part of his leg (clause 14) - and according to the Hungarian translation he will step over partially or a complete line on the floor. The use of special shoes is not permitted;

m) when setting the play ball (cue ball) for the kick-off or from the hand, the player touches this ball with something other than a cue, and/or touches this ball before the referee sets it in the position of play from the hand, is indicated touch - touch;

o) the playing ball and/or the red ball has jumped over the chips before touching the opponent’s ball, is designated as jumping the ball.

Note: Provided that no chips are knocked over, a passage between the chips during the normal rolling of a game ball on a billiard table is not considered a fault, but a valid (counted) stroke.

o) the player touches any ball (except for the cue sticker of his ball when hitting) or chip before, during or after hitting with the cue, hand, clothing, machine, etc.;

p) the player pushes - pushes two balls at the same time.

16. Mistakes that do not count towards the player.

Any error caused by a third party or circumstances force majeure(force majeure) does not count towards the player.

Good evening, dear readers of the Sprint-Answer website. Today is September 30, 2017, Saturday, which means our favorite program “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” is on the air on Channel One. with host Dmitry Dibrov. In this article you can familiarize yourself with all the questions asked in today’s game, as well as find out all the correct answers in the game “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” for 09/30/2017. Let me remind you that this program is the last in September, because today is the last day of September.

In the first part of today's game "Who want to be a millionaire?" for September 30, 2017 play Alla Mikheeva And Ilya Averbukh . The participants in the game chose a fireproof amount of 400,000 rubles, since Alla Mikheeva likes this amount.

1. What is the name of Gogol’s comedy?

"Auditor"
"Collector"
"Racketeer"
"Inspector"

2. What do they say about a newspaper article on a current topic?

one day
to the affability of the morning
to the mystery of the night
for the kindness of the evening

3. What helps close window sashes?

latch
kid
boy

4. Who or what, according to Karl Marx, is roaming Europe?

ghost of communism
the ghost of capitalism
dementor of socialism
zombies of tsarism

5. What feint did Zinedine Zidane masterfully perform?

"chatterbox"
"cracker"
"stub"
"pinwheel"

healers of human hearts
architects of human brains
engineers of human souls
wipers of human conscience

7. What helped Phileas Fogg win the bet in the novel Around the World in 80 Days?

equator
Prime Meridian
South Tropic
date line

8. What type of billiards requires 15 red balls?

English snooker
Russian billiards
American pool
french carom

9. In which city did the world's first Fashion Week take place in 1943?

Paris
Milan
NY
London

10. What is the name of Miss Marple, the heroine of Agatha Christie's novels?

Diana
Doris
Jane
Agatha

bass
baritone
tenor
doesn't sing at all

12. What was the profession of Philippe Petit, who rented a helicopter and circled the World Trade Center buildings in the 1970s?

scout
meteorologist
tightrope walker
director

13. What have scientists recently discovered that wax moth caterpillars can do?

generate electricity
count to three
turn graphite into diamond
decompose polyethylene

14. What inspired Edvard Munch's painting "The Scream"?

eruption
storm
fire
car accident

The players wisely refused to answer the fourteenth question and decided to take the winnings of 800,000 rubles, for which we congratulate them.

The second part of the game “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” has begun. for 09/30/2017. The second part involves the presenters of Channel One Marina Kim And Pyotr Tolstoy . The players chose a fireproof amount of 1,500,000 rubles, which was very unreasonable.

1. What do they say about a person who finds himself in a difficult financial situation?

goes with the flow
pounding water in a mortar
waiting by the sea for weather
is broke

2. What comes out of a household cooler?

oil
water
whiskey
song

3. What can be found on the cerebral hemispheres?

bark
leaves
roots
shoots

4. What is a hockey shootout?

penalty loop
penalty area
free throw
penalty box

5. Who or what does the best man hold in his hands during the wedding?

groom
crown
flowers
bride

6. What is the name of the bird of the falcon family?

balaban
balabol
troublemaker
joker

7. Whose name is not derived from the word “message”?

Like any sport with more than a century of experience behind it, billiards has several varieties. More precisely, four main types:

1. Russian billiards;

3. Carom;

4. Snooker.

Russian billiards, or pyramid, is a pocket version of the game of billiards, widely known in the world sports community. This is a historically Russian game, which, as Russian billiard players like to say, reflects the essence of the Russian character and requires the highest skill and perseverance from the players. This is the most stringent type of billiards game in its rules. Russian billiards is played with large balls in the amount of 16 pieces, 15 of which are numbered from 1 to 15, and the 16th is painted in a different color or marked. The pockets in Russian billiards are quite narrow and require high accuracy of the shot. The table size for this variety ranges from 6 to 12 feet. It is worth noting that Russian billiards has carried its refined technique through the years. Russian billiards, in turn, is classified into several types:

Free pyramid, or American;

Moscow pyramid, or combined pyramid;

Neva Pyramid, or dynamic pyramid.

Pool, or American billiards, is an American pocket version of billiards. Pool differs from its counterparts in having small tables measuring from 4.5 feet, wide pockets and 16 relatively small colored balls. The main feature of the game of pool itself is the rules and technique by which the balls are driven into pockets. Pool has taken a strong position in the hearts of players and spectators thanks to its entertainment and speed. One game in the hands of professionals sometimes takes only a few minutes, which undoubtedly reflects the essence of the American people who strive to extract commercial benefit from everything. The technique of playing pool is quite simple and accessible to all fans of billiards. The pool, in turn, has its own varieties:

Pool – 7, -8, -9, -10;

In one pocket;

Through the ball;

Carom is a type of pocketless billiards, which is most common in Europe and its former colonies: South America, North Africa, Indonesia. The carom table is small in size - about 5-10 feet. The essence of this game is for the cue ball to touch one ball, hit two or three sides, and touch another. This type of billiards game also requires refined technique, thoughtful combinations and the ability to feel the force of impact, rotation and trajectory. The entertainment and intrigue of carom lies in the fact that after each new hit a completely new combination of balls is built on the billiard table. Types of carom:

Triple breasted;

Single breasted;

Open Party;

Artistic carom;

Carom with chips.

Snooker is an English version of the game of billiards. Distinctive feature Snooker features wide pockets, large tables and small colored balls. The rules of this game are very complicated. The game involves 22 balls: 15 red and 7 colored. The color of each ball has its own “price”. The pocket lips on snooker tables are different from others and require a completely different playing technique from athletes. The conservatism of the British has preserved snooker in almost its original form. Among most experts and amateurs, snooker is currently considered the most serious type of billiards. This happened because this game requires players to have professional technology and high intelligence. Snooker also has variations:

Snooker Plus;

American;

Brazilian;

Power snooker;

With six red ones.

In addition to these four directions, there are about ten more lesser-known varieties of billiards. Such as: Finnish billiards - kaiza, Italian chips, Scandinavian novus, as well as some table games with pins and others.