Basically, to say: "He - good man", it is impossible. Just like comparing two people. After all, each of us has so many different traits and characteristics, and among them there are necessarily both negative and positive ones. Therefore, when assessing any person, it is necessary to consider him from each side separately.
In literature the situation is greatly complicated, because we see everything literary space through the prism of the author's perception. Some characters, for example, may have no good features. Moreover, at every step we have to think: “Isn’t the author biased?” In most cases, we can solve this issue for ourselves. But sometimes it is completely unclear to us: could the hero himself do this or does the author force him to do this? A similar situation was partly manifested in Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons.”
The author initially intended to write an instructive work for young people, with whose views he did not agree, but “the cool Bazarov captivated Turgenev” #1. “He (Turgenev) wanted to say: our young generation is going along the wrong road, and he said: all our hope is in our young generation” #2. He could not paint a deliberately incorrect picture, “he could not prove a preconceived idea with his images” #3.
However, Turgenev, due to his origin, upbringing, views, did not accept the worldview of his hero - Evgeny Vasilyevich Bazarov - and therefore various kinds of barbs - remarks appear on the pages of the novel. “From the first time he showed us in Bazarov his angular manner, pedantic arrogance, callous rationality” #1. Bazarov speaks defiantly rudely about what many people consider sacred:
“-How? Not only art, poetry... but also... it’s scary to say... “That’s it,” Bazarov repeated with inexpressible calmness” #2.
He violates many standards of decency. Calls the most prominent cultural figures completely unnecessary. He treats very coldly the person who reveres him - Arkady Nikolaevich Kirsanov. In addition, his inattention causes a lot of suffering to his parents: Vasily Ivanovich and Arina Vlasyevna Bazarov. And all this is emphasized by an overly phlegmatic, at first glance, character.
But the strength of Bazarov’s nature also changes the author. In the process of narration, one can note a change in the author’s attitude towards his hero. If at the beginning of the work I.S. Turgenev does not like him, but towards the end he openly sympathizes with him. Pisarev said: “Looking at his Bazarov, Turgenev, as a person and as an artist, grows in his novel, grows before our eyes and grows to a correct understanding, to a fair assessment of the created type.”
The reader vaguely repeats the work done by the writer himself. He gradually, not immediately, realizes how beautiful and slender he is. inner world Bazarova. Of course, there are many obstacles to overcome. Much of the information needed to properly evaluate any character can be gleaned from their conversations. Bazarov speaks very little, and hardly respects anyone enough that one can understand his character well enough from a conversation with him. We have to be content with omissions. Only two characters manage to force Bazarov to open up: Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, Arkady’s uncle, and Anna Sergeevna Odintsova, a young widow whom Arkady, Bazarov’s friend, met in the city at the governor’s ball. Moreover, the latter managed to get to know Bazarov much closer, although only in a conversation with Pavel Petrovich Bazarov reveals his life positions. After Pavel Petrovich's first meeting with Bazarov, mutual hostility arises between them. Subsequently, it only intensifies and reaches “strong antipathy” #1.
Pavel Petrovich can be called the head (or “pole”) of the “fathers” camp #2. It contains most of the prejudices of a dying aristocracy. He does not accept, and probably cannot accept, Bazarov’s concepts. He notes strengths character of Bazarov, but considers them to be shortcomings “We (the old generation) do not have that daring arrogance,” says Pavel Petrovich, not realizing that for Bazarov selfishness and arrogance have become almost the only driving forces. Pavel Petrovich is “a bilious and passionate man, gifted with a flexible mind and strong will” #3, who “could, if known conditions, to be a vivid representative of the binding, chilling force of the past" #4. He has a despotic nature: he tries to subjugate everyone around him, and he does this more out of habit than out of cold calculation. That is why he “shows off and gets angry, why doesn’t Bazarov admire him , the only person he respects in his very hatred"#5.
In turn, Bazarov “could be a representative of the destructive, liberating power of the present” #1. Unlike Pavel Petrovich, in my opinion, he is not trying to subjugate anyone. He does not resist being loved or respected if it is beneficial or at least does not infringe on his personal interests, because “it’s not for the gods to burn pots” #2. In Bazarov, everything revolves around enormous egoism and conceit. It is to these qualities of his character that Bazarov owes everything. He lives “according to convenience” #4, based only on his interests and needs. He doesn't need anyone, doesn't have high goal ahead, does not strive for anything, and has more than enough strength and energy (this is the main argument for proving the tragedy of Bazarov’s nature). He understands that he is not like everyone else, but does not try to be like others. He is "full of himself, his inner life and does not constrain her for the sake of accepted customs and ceremonies. Here the individual achieves complete self-liberation, full features and independence"#5.
Of course, between such different ones, but at the same time similar people, like Evgeny Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, according to all the laws of dialectics, heated debates should arise. And so it happens: Pavel Petrovich turns out to be the only person who manages to challenge Bazarov to an argument, often against the latter’s will. In these disputes, despite his laconicism, Bazarov tells a lot. He himself reveals to Pavel Petrovich his views and principles. DI. Pisarev expressed his thoughts during the main argument in the following words: “I can’t act now, I won’t even try; I despise everything that surrounds me, and I won’t hide this contempt. I will go into the fight against evil when I feel strong. Until then, I will live on my own, how to live without putting up with the dominant evil and without giving it any power over oneself. I am a stranger among the existing order of things, and I have nothing to do with it. I am engaged in the grain craft, I think what I want, and I express what can be expressed. ". This is the essence of Bazarov (this is another argument that proves that Bazarov is tragic figure: "he is a stranger among the existing order of things").
Completely different traits of Bazarov are manifested in his attitude towards Odintsova. These traits show how he can feel. Bazarov turns out to be the most loving hero of the novel. Only in him did we see real passion. All his denial, all his conclusions faded into the background as passion began to boil within him. He “was angry and realized that he was doing something stupid, and yet he continued to do it” #1. All his life he was forced to fetter his feelings with sober calculation (here is another argument to prove Bazarov’s tragedy: the confrontation between reason and feelings), and when he stops doing this, a wave of feelings overwhelms him. And he doesn’t resist - he does “deliberate stupidity” #2. The turning point in his relationship with Anna Sergeevna is his declaration of love. Anna Sergeevna is a very cold and calculating woman, she is afraid of this turbulent stream feelings and decides “that calm is still best” #3. His passion is gradually fading away, but its manifestations bother Bazarov for a long time: either he was overcome by “fever of work” #5, then it “jumped off” #6, “a strange fatigue was noticed in all his actions” #1. Maybe later he would be able to re-realize everything that happened to him, “would get down to business, would most energetically curse the damned romanticism and the unapproachable lady who led him by the nose” #2. But Turgenev unexpectedly leads him to death.
The ten pages on which Bazarov's death is described are the most vivid and expressive in terms of depicting Bazarov's character. Turgenev presents us with the completed painting "The Death of a Hero". In it, such traits of Bazarov as rationality, prudence, and coldness fade, and the sensual side of his character takes over. A “forcibly suppressed feeling” #3 awakens in him, and it is natural that at his last minute he wants to see his beloved. He meets death “with his head held high” #4, he does not deceive himself with empty hopes. As a doctor, he does not doubt for a minute the validity of the diagnosis and knows its outcome. “To die the way Bazarov died is the same as having accomplished a great feat,” said D.I. Pisarev.
Does society need people like Bazarov? It's hard to say. I can say only one thing with confidence, they are needed no less than Hamlets, Rudins, Onegins, Oblomovs, Pechorins and many, many others, if only for variety. If we move away from this abstract concept of “need for society,” we will see that Bazarov brings quite a lot of real benefits: he is engaged in the natural sciences, works as a doctor, and therefore directly helps people. But he cannot find his own niche in this society. He finds himself alone. There is no way for him to fully use his powers. He has no goal, he has nothing to strive for.
“But it’s still bad for the Bazarovs to live in the world, even though they sing and whistle. There is no activity, no love, and therefore no pleasure. They don’t know how to suffer, they won’t whine, and sometimes they only feel that it’s empty, boring, colorless and meaningless. "#1.
Literature used:
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons" Critical article Dmitry Ivanovich Pasarev "Bazarov", Critical article by Alexander Ivanovich Herzen "Once again Bazarov".
Bazarov's life is like a bright flash of a signal flare. It illuminates the way for those who are lost, but is no longer visible from afar. It flares up instantly, burns for several seconds, illuminating the sky with an aggressive color, and goes out without even leaving behind ashes. But you can do without it, you can scream and wave your arms until they find you.
Can Bazarov be classified as extra people after Onegin, Pechorin and others like them? All superfluous people have a tragic fate, they are not recognized by society, they are not loved, and in general they find it difficult to live. But for them this is a consequence of spleen, Russian blues. Our hero is full of vigorous activity: he cuts up frogs, denies “principles,” visits here and there, and seems completely satisfied with himself. He thinks he is right, always and everywhere. It is very easy to deny everything and always remain right. He himself chose this path, he blindly believes in it, he lives this way, not noticing anything around him. And it is precisely because of this that at the end of the novel that tears come to the eyes from the tragedy of the situation, from the tragic (maybe even stupid) death of Bazarov and from the tragedy of his very figure.
In general, the word “tragic” is key in the entire work. The fate of Pavel Petrovich, Arkady, who became a “jackdaw,” and the parents of Bazarov and Odintsova are tragic. Probably only Kukshina and Sitnikov are happy, and even then only thanks to champagne. The tragedy of the figure of Bazarov lies, first of all, in the consciousness of the chosen path, and in the reluctance to think about the future and the finitude of life. After all, he himself later, dying, will say: “And I also thought: I’ll screw up a lot of things, I won’t die, no matter what! There is a task, because I am a giant! And now the giant’s whole task is to die decently, although no one cares about this... All the same: I won’t wag my tail.”
And, nevertheless, the author, Turgenev, loves his hero very much, maybe that’s why he “kills” him at the end. After all, if Bazarov remains alive, what will happen to his nihilism? After all, the first signs of a cure for this “infection” are already evident: this is love, and a duel, and a rose taken from Fenechka. If he had not died, all this “romanticism” that he hated so much would not have remained in his life.
All yours short life he breaks himself, although he denies it, fights for the “common people” and he himself despises them. And how tragic are the words of the creator Bazarov spoken about him: “this self-confident Bazarov did not even suspect that in their eyes (in the eyes ordinary people) was still something of a clown..." But he himself is to blame for this. After all, he himself said that people “are similar to each other both in body and soul; Each of us has the same brain, spleen, heart, and lungs; and the so-called moral qualities the same for everyone: small modifications mean nothing.” “Test of Love,” Bazarov’s favorite Turgenev technique, also failed. For the first time in his life, he fell in love and was cruelly rejected. It’s cruel because I didn’t understand why this happened. However, Bazarov knew that he was not like others, and if he was not similar, then why should people with “identical spleens” love him?
Interesting in the sense of understanding the moral and historical origins of the novel, the epilogue of “Fathers and Sons”. We see a happy line of faces, satisfied with their existence. The appearance of Bazarov in their life did not change anything in it; they hardly even remember him. Anna Sergeevna married “not out of love, but out of conviction,” “The Kirsanovs, father and son, settled in Maryino,” Pavel Petrovich completely left the expanses of our Motherland. But is this really true? Is it true that Bazarov’s very existence did not affect their existence? And isn't it because I met them life path this nihilist, and Anna Sergeevna live with her husband “in great harmony with each other and will live, perhaps, to happiness... perhaps to love,” because she knows that love is all useless nonsense, and she is old already for love; and Pavel Petrovich, who lives abroad, “with Russians he is more cheeky, gives free rein to his bile, mocks himself and them; but he does it all very nicely, and casually, and decently.” Aren't echoes of Bazarov's nihilism heard here too?
But Bazarov himself came to terms with the world against which he fought so much during his lifetime. Death reconciles everyone and everything. That's why we need this final epilogue chapter. After all, otherwise, we would have thought for the rest of our lives that Bazarov is really a signal flare. But no, Bazarov is not a rocket, rather he is a multi-colored fireworks, evoking feeling childish delight and remains in the memory for many years. But Bazarov himself doesn’t know this, because “flying fish can stay in the air for a while, but soon they must splash into the water; let me plop down into my element,” he says, denying everyone and everything, denying even life itself.
“Fathers and Sons” by I. S; Turgenev is a work that reflected all aspects of Russian life in the 50s of the 19th century, characteristic features previous decades. The backstory of any of the heroes of the novel, his portrait adds necessary details to the description of the era. However, not all characters make the same impression on the reader. Main character novel - Bazarov. It was this personality that caused the most controversy in society and literary criticism XIX century. “Bazarov” is also the title of the article by D.I. Pisarev, who in his time was the best at understanding the complex character created by Turgenev. Definition, given by the critic hero (“tragic face”), still remains one of the most used in articles about Bazarov. But the content of the tragedy is understood differently.
The first thing we pay attention to when reading a novel is the contrast between the hero and the surrounding society. Bazarov is a nihilist, that is, a person who bursts into the world of everyday life with views that are completely unusual for his interlocutors, for example for the Kirsanov brothers, with the desire to destroy the foundations of the existing world order. The positions of the commoner and the noble landowners are irreconcilable. Their difference is the source of constant disputes between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich, the reason for Nikolai Petrovich’s unsuccessful attempts to understand young people.
But Evgeny is far from only the Kirsanovs. No less a gulf separates him from Kukshina and Sitnikov, those who shout about their commitment to nihilism. These are people who inevitably vulgarize any ideas preached for the sake of fashion. They are no match for Bazarov either in intelligence, or in spiritual depth, or in moral strength.
The “soft, liberal barich” Arkady did not become like-minded with Evgeniy either. Even at the beginning of the novel, speaking about nihilism, he more often evaluates Bazarov, and less often talks about his beliefs. The fate of young Kirsanov is the best proof that Arkady is just a copy of his father. He “made a nest”, abandoning the “bitter, tart, grassy life.”
Bazarov finds himself completely alone. At first glance, his participation in social conflict era may serve as a sufficient reason to speak of him as a “tragic face”! But the hero himself does not feel unhappy. “There are not as few of us as you think,” he throws at Pavel Petrovich in an argument. In fact, Bazarov is pleased that he did not meet “a person who would not fold” in front of him. Evgeniy is self-confident. He understands the complexity of solving the problem (“to clear the place”), but he also considers his strength sufficient to “break off a lot of things.” He doesn't need understanding or support.
Bazarov's tragedy lies elsewhere. He is truly a strong, extraordinary person. His philosophical views are not borrowed from a popular book. Refusing the experience of centuries, Eugene himself built his own theory, which explained the world and gave him a purpose in life. He earned the right to unlimited faith in the universality of his concept. Among other things, Bazarov denied the existence of a “mysterious look,” love, “principles,” or moral standards, human soul, the beauty of nature, the value of art. But life did not fit into the framework proposed to it, and the depth of Bazarov’s personality lies in the fact that he could not help but notice this. Having met Odintsova, Bazarov saw a romantic in himself, noticed “something special” in the expression on Anna Sergeevna’s face, let a “dark, soft night” into the room, finally admitted that he loved her, and did not follow his slogan: “You like a woman ... - try to make sense, but you can’t - well, don’t, turn away - the earth is not a wedge.”
Eugene saw that nihilism could not explain real life. The hero was faced with the problem of revaluation of values, a difficult problem always, and especially when a person believed so much in what he now had to reject, when he had to give up the consciousness of being a “god”, to recognize the entire non-material side of life.
The tragedy of Bazarov’s personality lies in the fact that, being a nihilist and at the same time an extraordinary person, he inevitably had to come to the painful consciousness of the need to break much of what had been built over the years. A thoughtful supporter of any narrow theory sooner or later comes to disappointment in it. Such is the fate of Evgeniy.
This is just one of the hero's problems. Another one is no less tangible for him. Bazarov is ready to accomplish something extraordinary, but it turns out that there is no place for feat in the life around him. Realizing this, Evgeniy turns to practicing medicine on his father’s estate. But he himself did not intend to be a zemstvo doctor; Neither Arkady, nor Odintsova, nor his father saw him in this role. Bazarov languishes without a task that would completely captivate him and require him to use all his talents and knowledge. Having resigned himself to the everyday life, Eugene would not have shown himself, so Turgenev kills his hero. Bazarov wastes his strength only on dying with dignity, unable to find any other use for himself due to his inability to see the great in the small. But Turgenev did not set such a task for the character he created. The writer believed that Bazarov’s energy was unclaimed, since he was born too early.
A senseless death caused yet another tragedy. Shortly before blood poisoning, Bazarov began to listen to people, felt restless, and regretted that he did not have a family. This regret can be heard in his last conversation with Arkady.
The independent Bazarov could not have a wife and children, a “nest,” not only because there was no woman worthy of him, but also because he “was not created” for a family. He was not a husband, just as he was not a son. Love for parents
In Russian literature there are a number of names without which we cannot
imagine the existence of everything national culture. These
names are known to everyone, because when we hear them, we
clear associations arise with the works included in
treasury of world literature, with the time in which they created
these great people.
One of these great names is Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev. His
works cannot be confused with anyone else’s, they contain individuality
the author, his character, worldview, feelings and experiences. Writer
as if conveying to us events, new trends in contemporary
life, passing through the prism of one’s own feelings, views on
various problems. In the true masterpieces of Turgenev with great
The characters' characters are revealed with psychological authenticity.
The writer is trying to explain their actions and thoughts. Heroes exist
are not divorced from the surrounding world, they are closely connected with it,
are influenced by it, imbued with newfangled ideas, and
sometimes they are rejected after long searches and mistakes.
The novel "Fathers and Sons" (1862) appeared after the author's break with
magazine "Sovremennik" in another magazine "Russian Bulletin". Novel
was published at a time of extreme aggravation of public
struggle. Student unrest broke out in St. Petersburg, and
mass arrests. Fires started in the city. The appearance of the novel
caused a storm. Many greeted the novel with hostility. On Turgenev
both of them collapsed, that is, both from the camp of the “children” and from the camp of the “fathers”.
Turgenev wrote to Pauline Viardot: “I tried to imagine the conflict
two generations."
The novel shows new type a leading commoner -
democrat Bazarov, “a man of action, not phrases.” Bazarov - a man from
another world, from a different environment than the writer himself. Turgenev noticed
the emergence of new people calling themselves nihilists. Writer
examines this phenomenon from different aspects. It would seem that both Bazarov and
Arkady Kirsanov and Sitnikov belong to the same category of people,
adhering to certain principles. They call themselves
nihilists. But if you read more carefully, it becomes
it is clear that neither Arkady nor Sitnikov have their own convictions,
This is a temporary fad for a fashion trend, but nothing more. Turgenev
showed his hero as a loner who understands that their "nihilism"
- This is a pathetic imitation of a strong personality. Turgenev not
neither the “fathers” nor the “children” were satisfied. He could not fall in love with Bazarov, but
recognized his strength and paid him tribute full of respect. Turgenev did not
sympathizes completely with none of his characters.
Representatives of the past (“fathers”) are depicted with merciless
loyalty. They are good people, but about these good people won't regret it
Russia.
Bazarov, a man of strong intellect and character, forms the center of the novel.
He is a representative of the new younger generation, in his personality
grouped those features that were inherent in the revolutionaries -
Democrats. He is a practitioner, ideals and authorities do not exist for him,
because he has no equal and has his own for everything
own beliefs. "I don't support anyone's opinions, I have
our own,” Bazarov declares half-contemptuously. According to his mental
Bazarov's demands are higher than his environment. Passion for sciences,
desire to get to the bottom of things, broad-minded and critical
attitude to reality, self-esteem - that’s
characteristic features of Evgeny Bazarov. Critic Pisarev put
Bazarov is on a par with the hero of Chernyshevsky’s novel, Rakhmetov.
Bazarov is a nihilist, but he did not go further than this. He believed that
this is where his function ends. He says: "First you need a place
clear, and others will build." Bazarov's views expressed in
disputes with Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, close to the views of the leaders
revolutionary democracy, but he differs greatly in some respects from
them. Pisarev wrote that “Bazarovism is a disease of that
time, and it must be suffered." Bazarov, obsessed with this disease,
is distinguished by a remarkable mind and, as a result, produces a strong
impression on the people around him. "The Pechorins have a will without
knowledge, the Rudins have knowledge without will, the Bazarovs have both knowledge and
will, thought and deeds merge into one whole,” wrote Pisarev.
Turgenev's opinion, Bazarov came to life early, he could have done
a lot, but “dies without having done anything.” It also has negative
features, this reflected the class limitations of Turgenev himself.
Bazarov, which, unfortunately, is fair, often denies
things that he does not know or understand. Poetry, in his opinion, is nonsense,
read Pushkin - wasted time, making music is funny,
enjoying nature is absurd. Love for Evgeny is just
physiological need. Life makes adjustments to him
views on love. Bazarov suffers deeply after Odintsova’s refusal,
but that doesn’t make it any smaller. Human ability is profound
Turgenev considered loving to be a measure of his value as a person. Turgenev
He subjected many of his heroes to the test of love. Bazarov enters
a realm of subtle experiences that he had not previously accepted. From
There is no trace of his confidence left. The passion is completely captivating
hero, but he finds strength in himself, unlike Pavel Petrovich,
break up with a selfish woman, despite the tragedy of it
rupture. Bazarov is capable of deep critical self-analysis and
rethinking past beliefs. And this is his strength. Rejected
he still won a moral victory. After death
Dobrolyubova Turgenev said: “It’s a pity for the lost, wasted
strength." He said the same about Bazarov.
The dying Bazarov's farewell words contain the main meaning.
his life ending: “Russia needs me?... No, apparently, I don’t need it...”
The origins of Bazarov’s suffering are the premature appearance, absence
allies, painful loneliness. Turgenev wrote to his friend:
"I dreamed of a gloomy, wild, big, strong, evil figure,
but honest. And yet doomed to destruction, because she stands in
anticipation of the future..." Such an interpretation fully explains
a solemn chord that completes the story of the “new man”.
The main character of "Fathers and Sons" did not know compromises, did not know
egoistic sense of self-preservation. In our time of perestroika
In life one can only look up to this type of personality. Equally important
for us and something else. Bazarov selflessly opposed routine
spiritual stagnation, dreamed of establishing new social
relationships, new culture. Origins, conditions, results of it
the activities were, of course, different. But the idea itself is to remake
the world, the human soul, to breathe into it the living energy of daring - not
may not worry today.
The problems posed by Turgenev in the novel are always relevant.
The conflict between “fathers” and “children” is the key to those continuous changes.
whom God is looking for something, Playing with the change of generations...
Bazarov is a tragic face.
Essay on literature
Student 10 "A" class
Alekseev Victor.
Based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"
I. Evaluation of real characters.
II. Evaluation of characters in literature.
III. The contradiction between the concept of the novel and its content.
IV. Turgenev's influence on Bazarov.
V. Bazarov's influence on Turgenev.
VI. How can you analyze Bazarov?
VII. Disputes with Pavel Petrovich are a means of getting to know Bazarov.
1. Pavel Petrovich - “a representative of the binding, chilling force
past."
2. Bazarov - “a representative of the destructive, liberating force
present."
3. Dialectics of relations between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich.
VIII. The sensual side of Bazarov's nature.
IX. Bazarov's death as a means to a more accurate portrayal of character
Bazarova.
X. Do society need the Bazarovs?
XI. “Still, life is difficult for Bazarov.”
In principle, it is impossible to say: “He is a good person.” As well as
compare two people. After all, each of us has so many different traits and
features, and among them there are necessarily both negative and positive.
Therefore, when assessing any person, it is necessary to consider him with each
parties separately.
In literature the situation is greatly complicated, because we see everything
characters, for example, may completely lack good traits. And on
Every step of the way, we have to think: “Isn’t there a biased attitude among
sometimes it is completely unclear to us: whether the hero himself could have done this or the author
makes him do that? A similar situation partially manifested itself in the novel
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev "Fathers and Sons".
youth, with whose views he did not agree, but “the cool Bazarov carried away
Turgenev"#1. "He (Turgenev) wanted to say: our young generation is following
the wrong road, and said: in our young generation all our hope" #2. He
could not paint a deliberately wrong picture, “could not prove with my own
images of a preconceived idea"#3.
However, Turgenev, due to his origin, upbringing, views, did not
accepted the worldview of his hero - Evgeny Vasilyevich Bazarov - and
therefore, various kinds of barbs and remarks appear on the pages of the novel.
"From the first time he showed us an angular address in Bazarovo,
pedantic arrogance, callous rationality"#1. Bazarov defiantly
speaks harshly of something that many people consider sacred:
"-How? Not only art, poetry... but also... scary to say...
“That’s it,” Bazarov repeated with inexpressible calm.”#2.
He violates many standards of decency. Names the most prominent cultural figures
completely unnecessary. Treats very coldly a person who
reveres him - to Arkady Nikolaevich Kirsanov. In addition, your
inattention causes a lot of suffering to parents: Vasily Ivanovich and Arina
Vlasyevna Bazarov. And all this is emphasized by the overly phlegmatic,
at first glance, character.
works by I.S. Turgenev does not like him, then towards the end it is open
sympathizes. Pisarev said: “Looking at his Bazarov, Turgenev,
as a person and as an artist, grows in his novel, grows before our eyes and
grows to a correct understanding, to a fair assessment of what has been created
The reader vaguely repeats the work done by the writer himself. He
gradually, not immediately, he realizes how beautiful and structured his inner world is
Bazarova. Of course, there are many obstacles to overcome. Large
Some of the information needed to properly evaluate any character can be
glean from his conversations. Bazarov says very little, and it is unlikely
respects someone so much that one can understand from a conversation with him
his character is quite good. We have to be content with omissions.
Only two characters manage to force Bazarov to open up: Pavel
Petrovich Kirsanov - Arkady's uncle, and Anna Sergeevna Odintsova, young
the widow whom Arkady, Bazarov's friend, met in the city at a ball
governor. Moreover, the latter managed to get to know Bazarov much better, although
Only in a conversation with Pavel Petrovich does Bazarov reveal his life
positions. After the first meeting of Pavel Petrovich with Bazarov between them
mutual hostility arises. Subsequently, it only intensifies and reaches
to "strong antipathy"#1.
Pavel Petrovich can be called the head (or “pole”) of the camp
"fathers" #2. It contains most of the prejudices of a dying
aristocracy. He does not accept, and probably cannot accept, the concepts
Bazarova. He notes the strengths of Bazarov's character, but considers them
shortcomings "We (the old generation) do not have that impudent arrogance"
Pavel Petrovich says, not realizing that for Bazarov selfishness and
self-confidence became almost the only driving forces. Pavel Petrovich
- “a bilious and passionate person, gifted with a flexible mind and strong will” #3,
who "could, under certain conditions, be a prominent representative
the binding, chilling power of the past"#4. He has a despotic
in kind: tries to subjugate everyone around him, and does it rather
out of habit rather than out of cold calculation. That's why he "shows off and
angry, why doesn’t Bazarov, the only person whom
he respects in his very hatred"#5.
In turn, Bazarov “could be a representative of the destructive,
liberating power of the present"#1. Unlike Pavel Petrovich, he is no one,
In my opinion, he is not trying to subjugate. He doesn't mind being loved
or respected if it brings benefits or at least does not infringe on his personal
interests, because “it’s not for the gods to burn pots” #2. Everything is spinning in Bazarovo
around enormous egoism and conceit. It is precisely these qualities of his
Bazarov owes everything to his character. He lives “according to calculation” #4, based only on
your interests and needs. He doesn't need anyone, has no high
goals ahead, does not strive for anything, and has more than enough strength and energy (in this
and this is the main argument for proving the tragedy of nature
Bazarov). He understands that he is not like everyone else, but does not try to be
similar to others. He is “full of himself, his inner life and does not constrain
it for the sake of accepted customs and ceremonies. Here the personality reaches its full
self-liberation, full of specialness and independence"#5.
Of course, between such different, but at the same time similar people as
Evgeny Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, according to all the laws of dialectics,
There should be heated debate. This is what happens: Pavel Petrovich
turns out to be the only person who manages to call Bazarov to
dispute, often against the will of the latter. In these disputes, despite
taciturnity, Bazarov tells a lot. He reveals himself
Pavel Petrovich has his views and principles. DI. Pisarev expressed his thoughts in
during the main argument with the following words: “I cannot act now,
I won’t even try; I despise everything that surrounds me, and I won’t
hide this contempt. I will go into the fight against evil when I feel
yourself strong. Until then, I will live on my own, as I live without putting up with
ruling evil and not giving it any power over oneself. I am a stranger
among the existing order of things, and I have nothing to do with it.
I am engaged in the grain craft, I think what I want, and I express what is possible
express." This is the essence of Bazarov (this is another argument
which proves that Bazarov is a tragic personality: “he is a stranger among
the existing order of things").
Completely different traits of Bazarov are manifested in his attitude towards
Odintsova. These traits show how he can feel. Bazarov
turns out to be the most loving hero of the novel. Only in him we saw
real passion. All his denial, all his conclusions were thrown away
background when passion began to boil within him. He "was angry and realized that
does something stupid, and yet he continued to do it."#1. All his life he was
forced to fetter his feelings with sober calculation (here is another argument for
proof of Bazarov’s tragedy: the confrontation between reason and feelings), and,
when he stops doing this, a wave of feelings overwhelms him. And he doesn't
resists - commits “deliberate stupidity” #2. The turning point in
relationship with Anna Sergeevna turns out to be his declaration of love. Anna
Sergeevna is a very cold and calculating woman, she is afraid of such a stormy
flow of feelings and decides “that calm is still best” #3. His
passion gradually fades away, but its manifestations bother Bazarov for a long time:
then he was overcome by “work fever” #5, then it “jumped off” #6,
“a strange weariness was noticeable in all his actions” #1. May be,
subsequently he would be able to re-realize everything that happened to him, “began to
if I could get down to business, I would curse the damned romanticism in the most energetic way and
an unapproachable lady who led him by the nose"#2. But Turgenev unexpectedly
leads him to death.
The ten pages on which Bazarov's death is described are the most
bright and expressive in terms of depicting Bazarov’s character. Turgenev
presents us with the finished picture "Death of a Hero". She has such features
Bazarov, how rationality, prudence, and coldness fade, and take over
the sensual side of his character. It wakes up "violently"
oppressed feeling"#3, and it is natural that at his last minute he
wants to see his beloved. He meets death with a proud expression
head"#4, he does not deceive himself with empty hopes. As a doctor, he does not
does not doubt the validity of the diagnosis and knows its outcome. "To die like this
how Bazarov died is the same as having accomplished a great feat,” said D.I.
Does society need people like Bazarov? It's hard to say. WITH
I can say only one thing with certainty, they are needed no less than Hamlets,
Rudins, Onegins, Oblomovs, Pechorins and many, many others, at least for
diversity. If we move away from this abstract concept of "needs"
society", we will see that Bazarov brings quite a lot of real
benefits: he studies natural sciences, works as a doctor,
hence directly helping people. But he can't find it in this
society its own niche. He finds himself alone. There is no way for him
make full use of your powers. He has no goal, he has nothing to do
pursuit.
“But it’s still bad for the Bazarovs to live in the world, even though they sing and
whistle. No activity, no love, and therefore no pleasure.
They don’t know how to suffer, they won’t whine, and sometimes they only feel that
empty, boring, colorless and meaningless. "#1.
Literature used:
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons"
Critical article by Dmitry Ivanovich Pasarev “Bazarov”,
Critical article by Alexander Ivanovich Herzen “Bazarov Once again.”
-----------------------
#1- I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" chapter
#2 \___ D.I. Pisarev.
#3 / "Bazarov".
#4 - catchphrase.
#2\___ D.I. Pisarev
#3/ "Bazarov"
#1 - D.I. Pisarev "Bazarov"
#2 - I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" chapter 10
#3 \___ D.I. Pisarev
#4 / "Bazarov"
#2 --- D.I. Pisarev "Bazarov".
#3 - I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" chapter
#4 - catchphrase.
#2 --- D.I. Pisarev "Bazarov"
#5\___ I. S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”
#1 - D.I. Pisarev "Bazarov"