Pechorin - main character novel by M. Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time”. The author himself points out what he embodied in his hero collective image, in which all the vices of the generation were embodied. But Pechorin’s fate is to some extent tragic; sometimes one sincerely wants to feel sorry for the hero. To understand the meaning of the work, it is important to evaluate the tragedy of Pechorin’s fate.
Character of the hero
Pechorin is a very controversial character. He is endowed with a lot of positive qualities. Everything is with him: he is handsome and rich, well-mannered and educated. Grigory carefully monitors his neatness, is not rude to anyone, or is rude. It would seem that everything positive qualities well-mannered socialite they say that he can be happy. He is confident in himself and does not doubt his actions and actions. But the worst thing about this character is the lack of ability to feel. This character is a cynic and an egoist. He does not feel responsible for the destinies and lives of other people, and is capable of playing with the destinies of those who treat him well for the sake of his own whim.
The hero is incapable of love. He himself constantly feels bored, understands the strength of his egoism, and calls himself a “moral cripple.” But he doesn't feel guilty about it. Knowing that his soul has become hardened, he does nothing to correct the situation. He is prone to introspection, but this does not justify him. Pechorin cannot be named happy man. He is constantly bored. For the sake of satisfying this feeling, he neglects the feelings of other people, but he himself is completely incapable of experiencing them. Probably, the tragedy of the entire generation lies in this - the inability to experience real feelings, because this is a real gift that is inherent only to man. This can be called both a personal tragedy, because such a person is simply pitiful, and a tragedy for those around him, because they are the ones who suffer from the cynicism and selfishness of people like Pechorin.
Tragedy of a generation
But the problem lies not only in Pechorin’s character itself. It is not for nothing that the novel bears such a name, because it reflects the tragedy of an entire generation. Lermontov noted that he had met people similar to Pechorin more than once in his life, and perhaps he himself was one of them. They have a lot of opportunities, but do not feel happy. They live in a period of changing eras, when the old has already become obsolete, and the new is not yet clear. That is why the problem of this generation is global boredom, restlessness, and callousness.
"Moral Cripple"
When Pechorin starts a conversation with someone about himself, he constantly makes it clear that he knows how insensitive he is and that he himself suffers from it. When talking with Maxim Maksimych, he mentions that he is experiencing great boredom, and one can feel sorry for him. Talking to Mary, he says that society made him like this, not accepting good feelings, seeing only evil and negativity in him. That is why he became a “moral cripple.”
What is the tragedy of Pechorin’s existence? (Based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time”)
In the novel “Hero of Our Time” M.Yu. Lermontov created the image of his contemporary, a man of the era of the 30s, a complex, contradictory, deeply tragic image.
And the portrait of the hero itself is unusual. “At first glance at his face, I would not have given him more than twenty-three, although after that I was ready to give him thirty,” the narrator notes. He describes Pechorin’s strong physique and at the same time immediately notes the “nervous weakness” of his body. A strange contrast is presented by the hero’s childish smile and his cold, hard gaze. Pechorin's eyes "did not laugh when he laughed." “This is a sign of either an evil disposition or deep, constant sadness,” the narrator notes.
Pechorin is a romantic hero, a man of exceptional abilities, an extraordinary nature, a strong, strong-willed character. He surpasses those around him with his intellect, versatile education, knowledge in the field of literature and philosophy. He is endowed with a deep analytical mind, critically evaluates everything social phenomena. Thus, about his generation, he notes: “We are no longer capable of great sacrifices, either for the good of humanity, or even for our own happiness.” He is not satisfied with the life that is offered modern society. Mary Ligovskaya notes that it is better to get caught “in the forest under a killer’s knife” than to become the object of Pechorin’s evil jokes. The hero is bored in the company of empty, petty envious people, gossips, intriguers, devoid of decency, nobility, and honor. A disgust for these people appears in his soul, he feels like a stranger in this world. But at the same time, Pechorin is just as far from the world.” ordinary people».
Revealing the inconsistency of Pechorin’s inner appearance, the writer shows that he is deprived of the spontaneity and integrity of feelings characteristic of ordinary people, “children of nature.” Invading the world of the mountaineers, he destroys Bela and destroys the nest of “honest smugglers.” He offends Maxim Maksimych. At the same time, Pechorin is not without good impulses. At an evening at the Ligovskys’, he “felt sorry for Vera.” On his last meeting with Mary, compassion gripped him with such force that “another minute” - and he would have “fell at her feet.” Risking his life, he was the first to rush into the house of the killer Vulich. The hero sympathizes with the Decembrists exiled to the Caucasus.
However, his good impulses remain impulses. Grigory Aleksandrovich always brings his “atrocities” to their logical conclusion. He disturbs Vera’s family peace and insults Mary’s dignity. In a duel, he kills Grushnitsky, specially choosing a place for the duel so that one of them would not return. Pechorin manifests himself primarily as an evil, egocentric force, bringing people only suffering and misfortune. “Born for a high purpose,” he wastes his strength on actions unworthy of a real person. Instead of active, meaningful activity, Pechorin fights with individuals who meet on his way. This struggle is fundamentally petty and aimless. When the hero evaluates his actions, he himself comes to a sad conclusion; “In this futile struggle, I exhausted both the heat of my soul and the constancy of will necessary for real life.” Passionately thirsting for an ideal, but not having found it, he asks: “Why did I live? For what purpose was I born?... And, it’s true, it existed and, it’s true, I had a high purpose, because I feel immense strength in my soul; but I did not guess the destination, I was carried away by the lures of empty and ungrateful passions; I came out of their furnace hard and cold as iron, but I lost forever the ardor of noble aspirations, best color life."
The hero reveals his views in his diary. Happiness for him is “saturated pride.” He perceives the suffering and joy of others “only in relation to himself” as food that supports his spiritual strength. Pechorin’s life is “boring and disgusting.” Doubts devastated him to the point that he was left with only two beliefs: birth is a misfortune, and death is inevitable. The feeling of love and the need for friendship, in Pechorin’s view, have long lost their value. “Of two friends, one is always the slave of the other,” he believes. For the hero, love is satisfied ambition, “sweet food... pride.” “To arouse feelings of love, devotion and fear—isn’t this the first sign and triumph of power?” - writes Pechorin.
The position and fate of the hero is tragic. He doesn't believe in anything, he can't find life goal, unity with people. Selfishness, self-will, lack creativity in life - this is the true tragedy of Pechorin. But the moral image of the hero is shaped by his contemporary society. Like Onegin, he is a “superfluous person,” a “reluctant egoist.” This is exactly what Lermontov's novel talks about. “Pechorin’s soul is not rocky soil, but earth dried up from the heat of a fiery life: let suffering loosen it and water it with blessed rain, and it will grow from itself lush, luxurious flowers of heavenly love...” wrote V.G. Belinsky. However, Pechorin’s “suffering” itself is precisely impossible for him. And this is not only a paradox this image, but also its tragedy.
Revealing the inner appearance of the hero, the author uses various artistic media. We see a detailed portrait of the hero and read his diary. Pechorin is depicted against the background of other characters (highlanders, smugglers, “water society”). Pechorin’s speech is replete with aphorisms: “Evil begets evil,” “Of two friends, one is the slave of the other,” “Women love only those they do not know.” The author emphasizes the poetry of the hero and his love for nature with the help of landscapes (description of an early morning in Pyatigorsk, description of the morning before a duel). Revealing the originality of Pechorin’s nature, Lermontov uses characteristic epithets: “immense forces”, “restless imagination”, “insatiable” heart, “high” purpose.
Creating the image of Pechorin, Lermontov wrote “a portrait made up of the vices of an entire generation.” It was also a reproach the best people of his era, and at the same time a call to activism. This is author's position in the novel.
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The novel “Hero of Our Time,” authored by M.Yu. Lermontov, in 1840 became the first psychological novel V Russian literature. Throughout the novel, the personality of the main character, Grigory Pechorin, is revealed. Lermontov describes in detail psychological portrait the main character and reveals his complex character, placing him in different life circumstances. But is it possible to call Pechorin tragic hero?
Grigory Pechorin strives to know other people and himself.
He conducts experiments on people and on himself, he participates in them, analyzes people’s actions, but this prevents him from surrendering sincere feeling, since the mind keeps these feelings under control (“I have long lived not with my heart, but with my head”). For example, Pechorin, when he chased Vera and could not catch up with her because of the horse, he fell and cried, because the shocks of the duel that happened before this, the frenzied galloping brought him to such a state when his mind stopped controlling his feelings (“Soul” I became weak and my mind became silent." But very quickly his habit of analyzing everything returned (“I’m pleased, however, that I can cry!”).
Pechorin is lonely. His nature is so deep that he cannot find his equal. He is unhappy in friendship. He did not perceive Maxim Maksimych as a friend, because he was a simple person and could never fully understand it. When he met Werner, he enjoyed spending time with him and even offered him to be a second in a duel with Grushnitsky, but Werner accused him of murder and shifted all the blame onto Gregory. Pechorin exclaims bitterly: “They are all like that, even the kindest, the smartest!..”).
Pechorin is also unhappy in love. Although he was attached to Vera, this was not the woman for whom he would agree to lose his freedom. He didn't love Mary. Seeing Bela, he sincerely thought that he would finally gain the meaning of life, but very soon he became bored with her, since she was uneducated (“I was wrong again: the love of a savage is for few better than love noble lady").
Pechorin cannot find his purpose.
He is also unhappy because he perceives himself as the ax of fate, which falls on the “head of the doomed victims.” He himself suffers from this.
Thus, Pechorin is a tragic hero because he is lonely, unhappy in friendship and love, lives by reason and not by feelings, and has not found his purpose, the meaning of life. The feeling that he is not only above other people, but also above fate and chance still does not make him happy. The reader learns midway through the novel that he died somewhere along the way from Persia. We understand that Pechorin never found happiness in this life.
Updated: 2019-07-22
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In the novel “Hero of Our Time,” Lermontov introduces the reader to the image of a man who has absorbed the most characteristic qualities generation of the 30s XIX century. The novel examines the problem of the “extra person” using the example of the main actor, Pechorina.
Pechorin is a very difficult and contradictory person. His life bears the imprint of tragedy. This is both a tragedy of a person rejected by society and a tragedy of a crippled soul. What is this tragedy and what are its origins and causes?
Pechorin is placed in conditions in which his extraordinary personality cannot fully open up and express himself, and therefore is forced to waste his energy on unnecessary petty intrigues that only bring misfortune to people. Pechorin is forced to play the role of an egoist, that is, to be a “reluctant egoist,” and he himself suffers because of this.
This is the tragedy of the hero.
Pechorin stands out from the crowd of people around him. He is smart, straightforward and insightful. Lies and pretense, hypocrisy and cowardice are alien to him. He is not satisfied with an empty and monotonous existence in pursuit of petty, insignificant interests. Pechorin does not want to go with the flow with everyone else. With his intelligence and strength of character, he is capable of the most decisive and courageous actions. If he directed his activities towards good, high goals, then I could achieve a lot. But fate and life decreed differently. As a result, Pechorin appears before us as an egoist who lives in the world to dispel his boredom at the expense of the misfortunes of others. He lives not with his heart, but with his mind. His soul is half dead. “I have become a moral cripple,” Pechorin admits to Princess Mary. Pechorin is full of contempt and hatred for people. He loves to study the psychology of people in different situations, not empathizing or sympathizing, but completely indifferent. Pechorin brings nothing but misfortune to those around him. Through his fault, the smugglers suffer, Bela dies, the lives of Vera and Princess Mary are destroyed, and Grushnitsky dies. “I played the role of an ax in the hands of fate,” Pechorin writes in his diary. What prompted the hero to cruel, selfish actions? Most likely the desire to relieve boredom. Pechorin did not think that behind each of his unbridled actions there was a living person with a soul and heart, with his own feelings and desires. Pechorin did everything for himself and nothing for others. “I look at the suffering and joy of others only in relation to myself,” Pechorin admits. This is how he explains his actions in relation to Princess Mary: “... There is immense pleasure in possessing a young, barely blossoming soul... I feel this insatiable greed in myself.” No wonder Princess Mary considers Pechorin worse than a murderer.
What made the hero this way? Possessing extraordinary qualities, Pechorin stood out from the crowd of peers, friends and other people from childhood. He put himself above others, and society put him below. Society does not tolerate those who are not like everyone else; it cannot come to terms with the existence of an extraordinary person who stands out in some way. And yet people failed to bring Pechorin to their average level, but they managed to cripple his soul. Pechorin became secretive, envious, and vindictive. “And then despair was born in my chest - not the despair that is treated with the barrel of a pistol, but cold, powerless despair, covered with courtesy and a good-natured smile.”
Using the example of Pechorin, Lermontov shows the inevitable conflict between a thinking person and society, the confrontation between a strong personality and a gray, faceless crowd, the problem of the “superfluous person.”
But can the hero be definitely called a cruel egoist?
“... If I am the cause of the misfortune of others, then I myself am no less unhappy!.. I... am very worthy of regret,” says Pechorin. Indeed, by torturing others, Pechorin himself suffers no less. If he is an egoist, then he is a suffering egoist. Genuine human feelings did not completely die in him. An example is the attitude towards Faith. Indeed, his feelings for this woman are genuine. Pechorin at his core is a deeply unhappy person. He is lonely and incomprehensible.
People avoid him, feeling some kind of evil force in him. Pechorin lives without a goal, without aspirations, wasting himself on empty intrigues and unnecessary passions. But despite this, his heart is still capable of loving, his soul is still capable of feeling, and his eyes are still capable of crying. At the end of the chapter “Princess Mary” we see Pechorin crying like a child. We see an unhappy, lonely person who has never found his place in life, who repents of his actions, a person who evokes pity and compassion.
Pechorin's image - tragic image thinking strong man. Pechorin is a child of his time, in him Lermontov concentrated the main typical vices of his generation, namely: boredom, individualism, contempt. Lermontov portrayed a man in a struggle with society and with himself and the tragedy of this man.
The main character of the novel “”, Grigory Alexandrovich, was endowed with an unusually tragic fate. His actions, his actions very often lead to undesirable events not only in his life, but also in the destinies of other people. Using examples from the novel's stories, we can see how cold and selfish Pechorin is.
Or maybe he's just deeply unhappy? Maybe him inner world Are you constantly confused by what is happening around you? There is no definite answer! But, with all this, people who were close to Gregory very often experienced suffering and pain.
Friendly relations with Maxim Maksimych at last meeting turn a good-natured staff captain into an embittered and offended old man. And all this happens because of the dryness and rudeness of the main character. Maxim Maksimych waits with an open soul to meet Pechorin, but receives only a cold greeting in return. What happens? Evil begets and causes reciprocal evil! And all because of Gregory’s behavior.
The hero's love relationships with women can be called unsuccessful and unhappy. All his beloved ladies, after parting, experienced severe mental anguish. Love seemed to Pechorin the same as the feelings of noble ladies. Only Gregory was trying to find something completely different in a woman! The relationship with the princess was just a game that Pechorin started in order to teach Grushnitsky a lesson. Feelings for Vera were the most real of all love relationship, but the hero realized this only when he lost his beloved forever.
Friendly ties with end with his death in a duel with Pechorin. The main character gives several opportunities to his friend in order to apologize and correct the current situation. But the proud and proud officer does not compromise, and therefore, ultimately, dies at the hands of Grigory Alexandrovich.
And the episode with Lieutenant Vulich makes us think that Pechorin also has secret powers of prediction. After a fight with fate, the lieutenant remains alive, but Pechorin has a presentiment of him imminent death. That's what happens!
Means, main character The novel really had a tragic fate. From the message before “Pechorin’s Notes” we learn that Gregory dies on the way from Persia. He could never find his happiness, he could never find true love, understand what joy and sincerity are. In addition, he crippled the fates of many people who were close to him.
To the question: Please help me find an essay on the topic: what is the tragedy of Pechorin’s fate? given by the author Vyacheslav Sautin the best answer is Why did I live? For what purpose was I born? The tragedy of the fate of Grigory Pechorin
The entire life of the main character of M. Yu. Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time" can truly be called a tragedy. Why and who is to blame for this are the topics to which this essay is devoted.
So, Grigory Pechorin was expelled from St. Petersburg for a certain “story” (obviously a duel over a woman) to the Caucasus, several more stories happen to him along the way, he is demoted, goes to the Caucasus again, then travels for some time, and returning from Persia home, dies. This is fate. But during all this time, he experienced a lot himself and influenced the lives of other people in many ways.
I must say, this influence was not the best - during his life he destroyed many human destinies - Princess Mary Ligovskaya, Vera, Bela, Grushnitsky... Why, is he really such a villain? Does he do this on purpose or does it happen arbitrarily?
Generally speaking, Pechorin is an extraordinary person, intelligent, educated, strong-willed, brave... In addition, he is distinguished by a constant desire for action; Pechorin cannot stay in one place, in one environment, surrounded by the same people. Is this why he cannot be happy with any woman, even with the one he is in love with? After a while, boredom overcomes him and he begins to look for something new. Is this why he ruins their destinies? Pechorin writes in his diary: “... the one in whose head more ideas were born acts more; as a result, a genius chained to an bureaucratic desk must die or go crazy...” Pechorin is not tempted by such a fate, and he acts. Acts without regard for the feelings of other people, practically without paying attention to them. Yes, he is selfish. And this is his tragedy. But is Pechorin alone to blame for this?
No! And Pechorin himself, explaining to Mary, says: “... This has been my fate since childhood. Everyone read on my face signs of bad qualities that did not exist; but they were assumed - and they were born...”.
So, "everyone". Who does he mean? Naturally, society. Yes, the same society that interfered with Onegin and Lensky, that hated Chatsky, is now Pechorin. So, Pechorin learned to hate, to lie, became secretive, he “buried his best feelings in the depths of his heart, and there they died.”
So, on the one hand, extraordinary, smart person, on the other hand, an egoist who breaks hearts and destroys lives, he is an “evil genius” and at the same time a victim of society.
In Pechorin's diary we read: "... my first pleasure is to subordinate everything that surrounds me to my will; to arouse for myself a feeling of love, devotion and fear - isn't this the first sign and the greatest triumph of power." So that’s what love is for him - just the satisfaction of his own ambition! But what about his love for Vera - is it the same? Partly, yes, there was a barrier between Pechorin and Vera. Vera was married, and this attracted Pechorin, who, like a true fighter, strove to overcome all obstacles; it is unknown how Pechorin would have behaved if this barrier had not existed... But this love, love for Vera, however, is more than just a game, Vera was the only woman whom Pechorin truly loved, at the same time, only Vera knew and loved not the fictional Pechorin, but the real Pechorin, with all his advantages and disadvantages, with all his vices. “I should hate you... You gave me nothing but suffering,” she says to Pechorin. But she cannot hate him... However, selfishness takes its toll - all the people around Pechorin turn away from him. In a conversation, he somehow confesses to his friend Werner: “When thinking about imminent and possible death, I think about only myself.” Here it is, his tragedy, the tragedy of his fate, his life.
It must be said that in his diaries Pechorin admits this, analyzing his life, he writes: “... I did not sacrifice anything for those I loved: I loved for myself, for my own pleasure...”. And as a result of his loneliness: "... and there will not be a single creature left on earth who would understand me completely
"Hero of Our Time", written by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, shows us one of latest looks in literature, previously discovered by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in “Eugene Onegin”. This is the image of a “superfluous man”, shown through the main character, officer Grigory Pechorin. The reader already in the first part of “Bel” sees the tragedy of this character.
Grigory Pechorin is a typical “extra person.” He is young, attractive in appearance, talented and smart, but life itself seems boring to him. The new activity soon begins to bore him, and the hero embarks on a new quest vivid impressions. An example of this could be the same trip to the Caucasus, where Pechorin meets Maxim Maksimych, and then Azamat and his sister Bela, a beautiful Circassian woman.
Hunting in the mountains and communicating with the inhabitants of the Caucasus is not enough for Grigory Pechorin, and he, in love with Bela, kidnaps her with the help of the heroine’s brother, the wayward and proud Azamat. A young and mentally fragile girl falls in love with a Russian officer. It would seem mutual love– what else does a hero need? But soon he gets bored with this too. Pechorin suffers, Bela suffers, offended by her lover’s inattention and coldness, and Maxim Maksimych, who observes all this, also suffers. The disappearance of Bela brought a lot of troubles to the girl’s family, as well as to Kazbich, who wanted to marry her.
These events end tragically. Bela dies almost in the hands of Pechorin, and all he can do is leave those places. People who have nothing to do with the hero suffered from his eternal boredom and search. And the “extra person” moves on.
This example alone is enough to understand how Pechorin, due to his boredom, is capable of interfering in other people's destinies. He cannot cling to one thing and hold on to it all his life; he needs a change of places, a change of society, a change of activities. And still he will get bored with reality, and still he will move on. If people are looking for something and, having found a goal, calm down on it, then Pechorin cannot decide and find his “finish line”. If he stops, he will still suffer - from monotony and boredom. Even in the case of Bela, where he had mutual love with a young Circassian woman, a faithful friend in the person of Maxim Maksimych (after all, the old man was ready to help Pechorin) and service, Pechorin still returned to his state of boredom and apathy.
But the hero cannot find his place in society and life, not only because he quickly becomes bored with any activity. He is indifferent to all people, which can be observed in the part “Maksim Maksimych”. People who had not seen each other for five years could not even talk, because Pechorin, with absolute indifference to his interlocutor, is trying to quickly end the meeting with Maxim Maksimych, who, by the way, managed to miss Grigory.
It is safe to say that Pechorin, like true hero of our time, can be found in each of modern people. Indifference to people and endless search for oneself will remain eternal features of society of any era and country.
Option 2
G. Pechorin - central character works "Hero of Our Time". Lermontov was accused of portraying a moral monster, an egoist. However, the figure of Pechorin is extremely ambiguous and requires in-depth analysis.
It was no coincidence that Lermontov called Pechorin a hero of our time. His problem is that from childhood he found himself in a corrupting world high society. In a sincere impulse, he tells Princess Mary how he tried to act and act in accordance with the truth and conscience. They did not understand him and laughed at him. Gradually this produced a serious change in Pechorin’s soul. He begins to act contrary moral ideals and achieves favor and favor in noble society. At the same time, he acts strictly in accordance with his own interests and benefits and becomes an egoist.
Pechorin is constantly oppressed by melancholy, he is bored in his surroundings. Moving to the Caucasus only temporarily revives the hero. He soon gets used to the danger and begins to get bored again.
Pechorin needs a constant change of impressions. Three women appear in his life (Bela, Princess Mary, Vera). They all fall victim to the hero's restless nature. He himself does not feel much pity for them. He is confident that he always did the right thing. If love passed or did not even arise, then he is not to blame for this. His character is to blame.
Pechorin, for all his shortcomings, is an exceptionally truthful image. His tragedy lies in the limitations of the noble society of Lermontov's era. If the majority tries to hide their shortcomings and unseemly actions, then Pechorin’s honesty does not allow him to do this.
The individualism of the protagonist could, in other conditions, help him become outstanding personality. But he finds no use for his powers and, as a result, appears to others as a soulless and strange person.
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“A Hero of Our Time,” written by M. Yu. Lermontov in 1840, became the first psychological novel in Russian literature. The author set himself the goal of showing in detail and in many ways the character of the main character, who had fallen out of the cycle of a dying era.
It seems to me that the tragedy of the fate of Grigory Aleksandrovich Pechorin lies in his complex character. Lermontov presented to the reader a psychological portrait of a contemporary with a dual nature.
Coldness, indifference, selfishness, wastefulness
and a penchant for introspection were inherent in many representatives “ extra people”, doomed to inaction. The smart, educated hero is bored and sad from the meaninglessly changing days, from a series of predictable events.
Pechorin does not trust either friendship or love, and therefore suffers from loneliness. He himself is not capable of deep feelings and brings suffering to those around him. Grigory feels that two people coexist within him and this explains the duality of behavior. This idea is confirmed by Maxim Maksimovich with a story about Pechorin, who could boldly go hunt a wild boar alone in bad weather, and
sometimes he looked like a coward - he shuddered and turned pale from the knocking of the window shutters.
The hero's behavior is contradictory, he quickly cools down to any endeavors, and cannot find his purpose. Just remember his desire to win Bela’s favor and his quick cooling towards the mountain beauty who fell in love with him. Pechorin's personality emerges from the relationships he enters into with others. His actions are worthy of condemnation, but one can understand the hero, because he belongs to the people of his time who had become disillusioned with life.
Not finding the meaning of existence, Pechorin decides to leave on a long journey that will one day end in death. He himself is unpleasant that he becomes the cause of other people’s troubles: because of him, Bela and Grushnitsky die, Vera and Princess Mary suffer, Maxim Maksimovich is undeservedly offended. The tragedy of the hero is that he rushes about in search of his place in life, but at the same time he always acts as he sees fit.
Thus, the tragedy of the fate of Lermontov’s hero lies in himself: in his character, in the analysis of any situation. The burden of knowledge made him a cynic, he lost his naturalness and simplicity. As a result, Pechorin has no goals, no obligations, no attachments... But if the person himself loses interest in life, seeing only boredom in it, then even the healing power of nature is unlikely to be able to heal the soul.
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I look sadly at our generation!
His future is either empty or dark,
Meanwhile, under the burden of knowledge and doubt,
It will grow old in inaction.
M. Yu. Lermontov
M. Yu. Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time" was created in the era of government reaction, which brought to life a whole gallery of "superfluous" people. Pechorin is “Onegin of his time” (Belinsky). Lermontov's hero is a man tragic fate. He contains “immense powers” in his soul, but there is a lot of evil on his conscience. Pechorin, by his own admission, invariably plays “the role of an ax in the hands of fate,” “a necessary character in every fifth act.” How does Lermontov feel about his hero? The writer is trying to understand the essence and origins of the tragedy of Pechorin’s fate. “It will also be that the disease is indicated, but God knows how to cure it!”
Pechorin greedily seeks applications for his extraordinary abilities, “immense spiritual powers,” but is doomed by historical reality and the peculiarities of his mental makeup to tragic loneliness. At the same time, he admits: “I like to doubt everything: this disposition does not interfere with the decisiveness of my character; on the contrary... I always boldly move forward when I don’t know what awaits me. After all, worse than death nothing will happen, but you won’t escape death!”
Pechorin is lonely. The hero's attempt to find natural, simple happiness in the love of the mountain woman Bela ends in failure. Pechorin openly admits to Maxim Maksimych: “... the love of a savage is little better than the love of a noble lady; the ignorance and simple-heartedness of one are just as annoying as the coquetry of the other.” The hero is doomed to be misunderstood by those around him (the only exceptions are Werner and Vera); neither the beautiful “savage” Bela nor the kind-hearted Maxim Maksimych can comprehend his inner world. However, let us remember that at the first meeting with Grigory Aleksandrovich, the staff captain was able to notice only minor features of Pechorin’s appearance and the fact that the “thin” ensign had recently been in the Caucasus. Maxim Maksimych also does not understand the depth of Pechorin’s suffering, having found himself an involuntary witness to Bela’s death: “...his face did not express anything special, and I felt annoyed: if I were in his place, I would have died of grief...” And only from a casual remark, that “Pechorin was unwell for a long time and lost weight,” we guess about the true strength of his experience
y Grigory Alexandrovich.
Pechorin's last meeting with Maxim Maksimych clearly confirms the idea that "evil begets evil." Pechorin's indifference to his old "friend" leads to the fact that "good Maxim Maksimych became a stubborn, grumpy staff captain." The officer-narrator guesses that Grigory Alexandrovich’s behavior is not a manifestation of spiritual emptiness and selfishness. Special attention attracted by Pechorin's eyes, which "did not laugh when he laughed... This is a sign of either an evil disposition or deep, constant sadness." What is the reason for such sadness? We find the answer to this question in Pechorin's Journal.
Pechorin's notes are preceded by a message that he died on the way from Persia. Pechorin never finds a worthy use for his extraordinary abilities. The stories "Taman", "Princess Mary", "Fatalist" confirm this. Of course, the hero is head and shoulders above empty adjutants and pompous dandies who “drink, but not water, walk little, dawdle only in passing... play and complain of boredom.” Grigory Aleksandrovich perfectly sees the insignificance of Grushnitsky, who dreams of “becoming the hero of a novel.” In Pechorin's actions one can sense deep intelligence and sober logical calculation. The entire plan of Mary's seduction is based on knowledge of the "living strings of the human heart." By evoking compassion for himself with a skillful story about his past, Pechorin forces Princess Mary to be the first to confess his love. Maybe we are looking at an empty rake, a seducer of women's hearts? No! The hero’s last meeting with Princess Mary convinces of this. Pechorin's behavior is noble. He is trying to ease the suffering of the girl who loves him.
Pechorin, contrary to his own statements, is capable of sincere, great feelings, but the hero’s love is complex. Thus, the feeling for Vera awakens with renewed vigor when there is a danger of losing that one forever. the only woman, who understood Grigory Alexandrovich completely. “With the possibility of losing her forever, Faith became dearer to me than anything in the world - more valuable than life, honor, happiness!" - admits Pechorin. Having driven the horse on the way to Pyatigorsk, the hero "fell on the grass and, like a child, cried." This is the power of feelings! Pechorin's love is high, but tragic for himself and disastrous for those who loves him. Proof of this is the fate of Bela, Princess Mary and Vera.
The story with Grushnitsky is an illustration of the fact that Pechorin’s extraordinary abilities are wasted, on small, insignificant goals. However, in his attitude towards Grushnitsky, Pechorin is noble and honest in his own way. During a duel, he makes every effort to evoke belated repentance in his opponent, to awaken his conscience! No use! Grushnitsky shoots first. “The bullet grazed my knee,” comments Pechorin. The play of good and evil in the soul of the hero is a great artistic discovery of Lermontov the realist. Before the duel, Grigory Alexandrovich makes a kind of deal with his own conscience. Nobility is combined with mercilessness: “I decided to provide all the benefits to Grushnitsky; I wanted to test him; a spark of generosity could awaken in his soul... I wanted to give myself the full right not to spare him if fate had mercy on me.” And Pechorin does not spare the enemy. The bloody corpse of Grushnitsky slides into the abyss... Victory does not bring Pechorin joy, the light fades in his eyes: “The sun seemed dim to me, its rays
e warmed up."
Let's sum it up" practical activities"Pechorina: because of a trifle, Azamat puts his life in serious danger; the beautiful Bela and her father die at the hands of Kazbich, and Kazbich himself loses his faithful Karagez; the fragile world of “honest smugglers” collapses; Grushnitsky is shot in a duel; Vera and the princess suffer deeply Mary; Vulich’s life ends tragically. What made Pechorin “an ax in the hands of fate”?
Lermontov does not introduce us to chronological biography your hero. The plot and composition of the novel are subordinated to one goal - to deepen the socio-psychological and philosophical analysis image of Pechorin. The hero appears the same in different stories of the cycle, does not change, does not evolve. This is a sign of early “deadness”, the fact that before us is really a half-corpse, in whom “some kind of secret cold reigns in the soul, when fire boils in the blood.” Many of Lermontov's contemporaries tried to limit all the richness of the image to one quality - egoism. Belinsky resolutely defended Pechorin from accusations of lacking high ideals: “You say that he is an egoist? But doesn’t he despise and hate himself for this? Doesn’t his heart long for pure and selfless love? No, this is not selfishness... "But what is this? Pechorin himself gives us the answer to the question: “My colorless youth was spent in a struggle with myself and the world; my best feelings, fearing ridicule, I buried in the depths of my heart; they died there...” Ambition, thirst for power, and
The desire to subjugate those around him to his will takes possession of the soul of Pechorin, who “from the storm of life... brought out only a few ideas - and not a single feeling.” The question of the meaning of life remains open in the novel: “...Why did I live? For what purpose was I born? And, it’s true, it existed, and, it’s true, I had a high purpose, because I feel immense strength in my soul.. But I did not guess this destination, I was carried away by the lures of passions, empty and ungrateful; from their crucible I emerged as hard and cold as iron, but I lost forever the ardor of noble aspirations, the best color of life.”
Perhaps the tragedy of Pechorin’s fate is connected not only with the social conditions of the hero’s life (belonging to secular society, political reaction in Russia after the defeat of the Decembrist uprising), but also with the fact that a sophisticated ability for introspection and brilliant analytical thinking, “the burden of knowledge and doubt” lead a person to a loss of simplicity and naturalness. Even the healing power of nature is unable to heal the hero’s restless soul.
The image of Pechorin is eternal precisely because it is not limited to the social. The Pechorins still exist, they are next to us...
And the soul breaks out into space
From under the power of the Caucasian communities -
The bell rings and rings...
The young man's horses are rushing to the north...
To the side I hear the caw of a raven -
I can see the corpse of a horse in the darkness -
Drive, drive! Shadow of Pechortsna
He's catching up with me...
These are lines from the wonderful poem by Ya. P. Polonsky “On the way from beyond the Caucasus.”