Brief biography of Maxim Gorky in chronological order. Brief biography of Gorky

Maxim Gorky is a famous Russian writer who was able to overcome many difficulties in his life path, rise from the very bottom - his biography is replete with tragic events.

This man was rightly called a genius, because it was he who created the magnificent, soul-touching and complete current problems the work “At the Bottom”, became the founder of a new direction in literature - socialist realism.

Russian writer A. M. Gorky

We all know Maxim Gorky as a great revolutionary writer, many recognize his portrait among others, study his biography, important facts from life: real name and surname, place of birth, title of his first work, reasons for emigrating from the country.

However, few people thought about the very value of life of this brilliant writer, few people know that literally every day of Alexei Maksimovich Peshkov passed in a fierce struggle with himself, with power, with life’s adversities.

Brief biography of Maxim Gorky

A. M. Peshkov was born on March 28, 1868. City native Nizhny Novgorod. Alyosha chose the pseudonym for himself as a reminder of his father, Maxim Savvanteevich.

Father and mother

At the age of three, Alexei became seriously ill with cholera. The boy's father, who dearly loved his son, cared for him for a long time. He was able to cure Alyosha, but became infected from him and soon died.

A happy family broke up. The mother, Varvara Vasilievna Peshkova, subconsciously blaming her son for the death of her husband, could not forgive her child and moved away from him. She died of a dangerous disease - consumption, when Alexei was 11 years old.

Childhood

The boy was orphaned early, and his grandfather Kashirin was forced to raise him. He, being a cruel, merciless man, often beat his grandson, which is why in his adult life Alexey Peshkov stopped experiencing physical pain. But this did not stop him from deeply empathizing with other people and suffering from other people's pain.

Alyosha also had good memories from childhood associated with his grandmother Akulina Ivanovna. She told him fairy tales or stories from her life, sang sonorous songs. The grandmother took care of the boy, taught him to overcome life's obstacles and cope with difficulties.

Education

The future great writer did not have a decent education. Peshkov began studying at a parish school, but illness disrupted his plans for studying. Later he entered the school, but became famous there as a difficult teenager, a student with a complex character.

Alexey began stealing food and picking up discarded clothes. Other students noted that he often emanated bad smell, which became the reason for bullying and ridicule. Because of this, Alyosha Peshkov dropped out of school, went on a trip around the country, learned a lot of new things, saw how hard life is ordinary people. Traveling gave Alexey a lot of experience and knowledge.

Youth years

When Alyosha turns 19, his grandparents die. While in Kazan and unsuccessfully trying to enter the university, he becomes depressed and attempts suicide. The young man shoots himself in the chest, but the bullet misses his heart and lodges in his lung.

Doctors had to save the writer twice because, while in the hospital, he wanted to try to commit suicide again by drinking poison.

Creative path

Mine creative path Maxim Gorky began by working in a provincial newspaper. With the great help of V.G. Korolenko, the writer was able to prove himself in the world of literature.

It was the very first work, “Essays and Stories,” that brought Gorky fame as a writer, something that no famous Russian writer had ever achieved during his lifetime.

In his works, the writer often spoke about the revolutionary democratic movement and criticized the existing government. Due to controversial statements about Lenin and support for revolutionary sentiment, Gorky was detained by the police more than once.

In 1892, the first story “Makar Chudra” was published under the pseudonym Maxim Gorky. The writer's stunning success begins with him.

Emigration

In the next period of his work, Maxim Gorky worked closely with revolutionary organizations, which is reflected in his revolutionary novel “Mother”. In 1905, under threat of arrest, the writer was forced to leave home country and leave for the USA. At the end of the year he goes to Italy to the island of Capri.

The writer was received abroad with great joy, he was invited to various receptions and evenings. Mark Twain personally took care of the worthy reception of Maxim Gorky in America.

After unsuccessful attempt will return to their homeland, Maxim Gorky goes abroad in 1921 to improve his health. He travels around Germany, then returns to Capri. Continuing to be interested in events in revolutionary Russia, the writer is skeptical about the revolution in his native country.

During this period of his life, Gorky wrote the novel “The Artamonov Case.”

Return to homeland

Finally great writer, responding to the invitation of the authorities, returns to Russia in 1928. Gorky is received with open arms, and after an exemplary five-week trip around the country, he is given a mansion and two dachas.

Gorky worked on the creation of “The Life of Klim Samgin”, and also became the editor of the newspaper “Life wonderful people».

Last years of life and death

Another tragedy that befell Gorky was the death of his son Maxim, which greatly crippled the writer. While visiting his grave, where Gorky lay for a long time on the damp ground and could not believe in his son’s death, the writer caught a cold and became seriously ill.

He died on June 18, 1936. There are many versions of his death; contemporaries claim that the writer could have been poisoned. The body of the great genius was cremated, and his brain was removed for further study.

Interesting facts from the biography of M. Gorky

Something that might be interesting to know:

1. Despite the fact that Gorky was a comprehensively developed, intelligent and erudite person, at the age of thirty he continued to write with errors, which were carefully corrected by his beloved wife Ekaterina Volzhina.
2. About the fact that Maxim Gorky was a unique person, says his ability to drink a lot and often, but never get drunk.
3. The writer’s personal life was unsuccessful: he had two wives and many mistresses.
4. The writer was interested in okimono and collected Japanese bone figurines.
5. During his lifetime, Maxim Gorky could receive five times Nobel Prize, but was deprived of this award through great efforts of the authorities.

Famous works of Maxim Gorky

The writer wrote many novels, stories and plays:

1. "Makar Chudra";
2. “Childhood”, “In People”, “My Universities”;
3. “Old Woman Izergil”;
4. "At the bottom";
5. “The Artamonov Case”;
6. novel "Mother";
7. stories “The Life of an Unnecessary Person”, “The Town of Okurov”, “The Life of Matvey Kozhemyakin”.

Conclusion

Maxim Gorky, whose real name is Alexey Peshkov, is an iconic figure of Russian culture. Years of the writer’s life: 1868-1936. Not only did he produce many excellent works, but he was the editor of many literary magazines. The name of this brilliant writer will not fade for centuries; his stories, novels, and plays will be reread by our descendants.

TO famous works Gorky includes: the story “The Old Woman Izergil” (1895), the plays “The Bourgeois” (1901) and “At the Lower Depths” (1902), the stories “Childhood” (1913-1914) and “In People” (1915-1916), the novel “ The Life of Klim Samgin" (1925-1936), which the author never finished, as well as many cycles of stories. Gorky also wrote fairy tales for children. Among them: “The Tale of Ivanushka the Fool”, “Sparrow”, “Samovar”, “Tales of Italy” and others. Recalling his difficult childhood, Gorky devoted special attention children, organized holidays for children from poor families, published a children's magazine. Emigration, return to homeland In 1906, in the biography of Maxim Gorky, there was a move to the USA, then to Italy, where he lived until 1913. Even there, Gorky’s work defended the revolution. Returning to Russia, he stops in St. Petersburg. Here Gorky works in publishing houses, deals with social activities.

Biography of Maxim Gorky briefly the most important thing for children

Info

After the publication of the stories, the biography of M. Gorky received a new development: he took a permanent job at Samara Gazeta, where he published daily in the “By the way” section. But he signed with the pseudonym Yehudiel Chlamida.

Important

The first book (“Essays and Stories”), which was written in two volumes, was published when Maxim was already 30 years old. And the critics really liked it, so Gorky began writing the novel “Foma Gordeev.”

Biography of Gorky

Attention

During this period he wrote “Confession”, “The Life of an Useless Man”, “Tales of Italy”. The second departure abroad occurred in 1921. It was associated with the resumption of the disease and with the aggravation of disagreements with the new government.

For three years, Gorky lived in Germany, the Czech Republic and Finland. In 1924 he moved to Italy, where he published his memoirs about Lenin.

In 1928, at the invitation of Stalin, the writer visited his homeland. In 1932, he finally returned to the USSR. During the same period, he was working on the novel “The Life of Klim Samgin,” which was never completed.
In May 1934, the writer’s son, Maxim Peshkov, unexpectedly died. Gorky himself outlived his son by only two years. He died on June 18, 1936 in Gorki. The writer's ashes were placed in the Kremlin wall. cm.

Brief biography of Maxim Gorky

The attempt ends in failure; this is not surprising, because Alexey did not even have a secondary education. Decides to stay in Kazan. He works and at the same time gets acquainted with Marxism. In 1887, he learns about the death of his grandparents. In the same year he tries to commit suicide twice, but fails both times. In 1888 he was engaged in propaganda and was arrested.

It is under constant police surveillance. He continues to travel and do odd jobs. The first publication appears on September 12, 1892. A year later, he continues to publish and marries for the first time.

The marriage did not last long and after 2 years the writer left Kamenskaya. In 1896 he married Ekaterina Volzhina. At the beginning of the 20th century, he became interested in drama and wrote plays. In marriage, the writer has two children. In 1902, he settled in Nizhny Novgorod with his wife and children.

Brief biography of Gorky

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Maxim Gorky is a Russian writer, prose writer, playwright, born March 16, 1868. Real name Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov, he had a rather difficult life.

If you believe his true biography, he was brought up in a simple family of a carpenter. Basically, the life of a writer is filled with various events, including tragic ones.

His mother is Varvara Vasilyevna Kashirina, his father is Maxim Savvatyevich Peshkov. The parents were not officially married; they did not live together for long.

Soon Peshkov's father died of cholera. The mother did not dare to return to live with to my own father and went out to once again married, but she also did not live long. She soon died of consumption. Very little Alexei was adopted by his grandfather Kashirin.

In his works, Gorky often tells interesting facts from his own life.

Brief biography of Gorky, the most important thing

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One more step

Only in 1892 Maxim published his first story, “Makar Chudra,” which readers liked. It was from that moment that Gorky began active literary activity.

His collection “Essays and Stories” achieved enormous popularity. In his novel entitled "Mother" he treated with great sympathy revolutionary movement, which took place in Russia, which is conveyed in the novel.
A large number of writers' works created a great sensation and became a real sensation. The play “Yegor Bulychev and Others” alone deserves enormous attention and reverence, not to mention his other masterpieces, such as “Childhood”, “My Universities” and much more. Being outside his homeland, and these were 1921-1931, and after returning to his native Russia, Maxim had a huge influence on the formation of the ideological and aesthetic principles of literature of the Soviet Union.

M. Gorky - short biography

He was one of the most controversial writers of his time, Gorky created in his works the image of his Epoch - the way he saw and understood it. The poet died under mysterious circumstances; there are rumors that the authorities were involved in his death and many blamed Stalin, suggesting that poisoning was committed. However, the cause of his death has not yet been established. 11th grade, 7th grade, 3rd grade for children. Interesting facts from the life of Gorky Biography by dates and interesting facts

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A short biography of M. Gorky, which commands respect

In 1921, due to worsening illness, at the insistence of Vladimir Lenin, and disagreements with the authorities, he again went abroad. The writer finally returned to the USSR in October 1932.

Last years and death In his homeland, he continues to actively write, publishes newspapers and magazines. Maxim Gorky died on June 18, 1936 in the village of Gorki (Moscow region) under mysterious circumstances.

There were rumors that the cause of his death was poisoning and many blamed Stalin for this. However, this version was never confirmed. Chronological table If you need a biography of Gorky by date, we recommend looking at the page chronological table Gorky.

Brief biography of Maxim Gorky Maxim Gorky (Alexei Maksimovich Peshkov) is an outstanding Russian writer, thinker, playwright and prose writer. He was also considered the founder Soviet literature.

Born on March 28, 1868 in Nizhny Novgorod in the family of a carpenter. Quite early on, he was left without parents and was raised by a grandfather who was tyrannical by nature. The boy's education lasted only two years, after which he had to quit his studies and go to work. Thanks to his ability for self-education and brilliant memory, he nevertheless managed to acquire knowledge in various fields.

In 1884, the future writer unsuccessfully tried to enter Kazan University. Here he met a Marxist circle and became interested in propaganda literature.

A few years later he was arrested for his connection with the circle, and then sent as a watchman to the railway.

Maxim Gorky (1868 - 1936) - famous Russian writer and playwright, author of works on revolutionary themes, founder of socialist realism, nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature. He spent many years in exile.

Early years

Born on March 16 (28), 1868 in Nizhny Novgorod in a poor family of a carpenter. The real name of Maxim Gorky is Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov. His parents died early, and little Alexey remained to live with his grandfather.

His grandmother became a mentor in literature, who led her grandson into the world folk poetry. He wrote about her briefly, but with great tenderness: “In those years, I was filled with my grandmother’s poems, like a beehive with honey; It seems that I was thinking in the forms of her poems.”

Gorky's childhood was spent in harsh, difficult conditions. WITH early years the future writer was forced to do part-time work, earning a living whatever he could.

Training and beginning of literary activity

In Gorky's life, only two years were devoted to studying at the Nizhny Novgorod School. Then, due to poverty, he went to work, but was constantly engaged in self-education. 1887 was one of the most difficult years in Gorky's biography. Due to the troubles that beset him, he tried to commit suicide, but nevertheless survived.

Traveling around the country, Gorky propagated the revolution, for which he was taken under police surveillance and then arrested for the first time in 1888.

Gorky's first published story, "Makar Chudra", was published in 1892. Then, his essays in two volumes, “Essays and Stories,” published in 1898, brought fame to the writer.

In 1900-1901 he wrote the novel “Three”, met Anton Chekhov and Leo Tolstoy.

In 1902, he was awarded the title of member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, but by order of Nicholas II it was soon invalidated.

Gorky's famous works include: the story "Old Woman Izergil" (1895), the plays "Philistines" (1901) and "At the Demise" (1902), the stories "Childhood" (1913-1914) and "In People" (1915-1916) , the novel “The Life of Klim Samgin” (1925-1936), which the author never finished, as well as many cycles of stories.

Gorky also wrote fairy tales for children. Among them: “The Tale of Ivanushka the Fool”, “Sparrow”, “Samovar”, “Tales of Italy” and others. Remembering his difficult childhood, Gorky paid special attention to children, organized holidays for children from poor families, and published a children's magazine.

Emigration, return to homeland

In 1906, in the biography of Maxim Gorky, he moved to the USA, then to Italy, where he lived until 1913. Even there, Gorky’s work defended the revolution. Returning to Russia, he stops in St. Petersburg. Here Gorky works in publishing houses and is involved in social activities. In 1921, due to worsening illness, at the insistence of Vladimir Lenin, and disagreements with the authorities, he again went abroad. The writer finally returned to the USSR in October 1932.

Last years and death

At home, he continues to actively write and publishes newspapers and magazines.

Maxim Gorky died on June 18, 1936 in the village of Gorki (Moscow region) under mysterious circumstances. There were rumors that the cause of his death was poisoning and many blamed Stalin for this. However, this version was never confirmed.

(real name - Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov) - prose writer, playwright (March 28, 1868, Nizhny Novgorod - June 18, 1936, Gorki near Moscow). Born into the family of a cabinetmaker, he spent his childhood with his grandfather and only went to school for a few months; from the age of 12 he worked as a delivery boy, cook, iconographer, etc. From 1884 he lived in Kazan and continued his self-education; was a member of revolutionary circles. From 1888 he undertook long wanderings throughout Russia.

Alexey Maksimovich Gorky. Biography (briefly). Video

His first story appeared in 1892 Makar Chudra, published in Tiflis under the pseudonym "Gorky", chosen as a symbol for his fate and the fate of the characters. From this time on, Gorky’s literary and journalistic work began in Nizhny Novgorod and Samara. He gained fame thanks to a number of stories, of which the most famous are Old woman Izergil(see summary and full text) and Song of the Falcon. In 1898, its first two-volume edition was published, which received exceptional attention from readers in the country and abroad. Then come the novels Foma Gordeev(1899) and Three (1900).

Gorky, who at that time stood in solidarity with Lenin’s “ Spark", brought a revolutionary prose poem Song about the Petrel(1901). At the same time, Gorky wrote his first plays; in one of them - At the bottom(1902, see its full text and summary), written in the spirit of then fashionable naturalism, he brings onto the stage completely new characters from among the lumpen proletariat. Staged on the stages of the Moscow Art Theater and the Max Reinhardt Theater in Berlin (1903), this play, despite its weak literary merits, had such a success that none of Gorky’s subsequent plays had.

With the assistance of Gorky, the first legal Bolshevik newspaper was founded in 1905. New life" In 1905, Gorky met Lenin; this acquaintance grew into direct communication, which lasted until the death of the Bolshevik leader, but was subject to fluctuations.

For his support of the revolutionaries, Gorky was forced to go abroad in 1906; through Berlin and Paris he headed to the USA, where, among other things, his novel was written Mother. From 1906 to 1913 Gorky lived on the island of Capri in Italy. Being under the influence A. Bogdanova, Gorky sought to unite the Russian god-building with revolutionary ideas, which was reflected, in particular, in his story Confession (1908).

After the tsarist amnesty, Gorky returned to Russia in 1913. In 1914 he published “The First Collection of Proletarian Writers”; in 1915 he founded the journal Letopis, which was often criticized by the Bolsheviks. During these years Gorky began his autobiographical trilogy, publishing two stories: Childhood(1913/14) and In people (1915/16).

In 1921, Lenin insisted that Gorky go abroad again, and this was only partially justified by Gorky's health. Until 1924, Gorky lived in Germany and Czechoslovakia, founded the magazine "Conversation" in Berlin, which published and Soviet writers, and emigrants. In 1924, after Lenin's death, Gorky remained abroad, in Sorrento. His attitude towards the USSR was ambivalent. In 1922 novel My universities Gorky completed his autobiographical trilogy. In subsequent years he wrote novels Artamonov case(1925) and Life of Klim Samgin(1925-36), the latter remained unfinished.

In 1928 and 1929 he visited the Soviet Union, and in 1932 he returned there permanently, because he had many unpaid debts abroad. Gorky, about whose right to be called a “proletarian writer” the Communist Academy was engaged in long disputes back in 1927, upon his return took a leading and honorable place in the literary and political sphere and became the chairman of the Academy founded in 1934. Union of Writers of the USSR. He was settled in a luxurious Moscow mansion, which previously belonged to the millionaire Ryabushinsky; he began a personal relationship with Stalin. Gorky completely sided with the entrenched system, he even came out in defense of the Soviet camp system, as A. Solzhenitsyn vividly wrote about in “The Gulag Archipelago.”

The circumstances of Gorky's death remain unclear. The official Soviet message dated March 3, 1938 stated that he was killed on the orders of the head of the GPU, Yagoda; this message has now been refuted, but it nevertheless does not exclude the possibility that Gorky became a victim of Stalin’s tyranny, just like Kirov, next to which Gorky is buried in the Kremlin wall.

In the USSR, Gorky is considered the founder of Soviet literature, although his most famous works depict pre-revolutionary Russia. Novel Mother It is customary to call it the first work of socialist realism, although this concept itself arose 26 years after the creation of the novel. Gorky had a “predilection for extraordinary characters.” “Tramps”, criminals, merchants, representatives of the anti-revolutionary and revolution-sympathizing intelligentsia - these are the typical heroes of his extensive work. Neither in his first nor in his second stay abroad did Gorky draw material for creativity from the new world. He did not learn a single foreign language.

Written in Soviet era Gorky’s works again turn to autobiographical material, most often to the experience of life in old Russia. In these works (including plays) his spontaneous epic talent, nurtured by the Volga nature, is manifested. In the novel Life of Klim Samgin Gorky tried to display historical events over the course of four pre-revolutionary decades from the point of view of the petty-bourgeois Russian intellectual, who is contrasted with the images of convinced Bolsheviks. This huge epic, revised many times, the fourth part of which is composed of sketches left after the writer’s death, is structured like a chronicle novel; artistic value have only character sketches in individual episodes of the novel.

Gorky showed a complete lack of understanding in relation to all sorts of searches for form among writers of the early 20th century; his romantic-pathetic realism reflects the transition from the literature of the 19th century to the literature of socialist realism.

The real name of Maxim Gorky is Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov. The future famous prose writer, playwright, one of the outstanding representatives of Russian literature who became widely known and gained prestige abroad, was born in Nizhny Novgorod on March 28 (March 16, old style) 1868 in a poor family of a carpenter. Seven-year-old Alyosha was sent to school, but his studies ended forever, just a few months later, after the boy fell ill with smallpox. He accumulated a considerable amount of knowledge solely through self-education.

Gorky's childhood years were very difficult. Having become an orphan early, he spent them in the house of his grandfather, who was distinguished by his tough disposition. As an eleven-year-old boy, Alyosha went “to the people”, earning himself a piece of bread for many years in a variety of places: in a store, bakery, icon-painting workshop, in a canteen on a ship, etc.

In the summer of 1884, Gorky came to Kazan to get an education, but his idea to enter the university failed, so he was forced to continue working hard. Constant need and enormous fatigue even led the 19-year-old boy to attempt suicide, which he undertook in December 1887. In Kazan, Gorky met and became close to representatives of revolutionary populism and Marxism. He attends clubs and makes his first attempts at propaganda. In 1888, he was arrested for the first time (which would not be the only one in his biography), and then worked for railway under constant police surveillance.

In 1889, he returned to Nizhny Novgorod, where he went to work for lawyer A.I. Lanin as a clerk, while maintaining relations with radicals and revolutionaries. During this period, M. Gorky wrote the poem “The Song of the Old Oak” and asked V.G. to evaluate it. Korolenko, whom we met in the winter of 1889-1890.

In the spring of 1891, Gorky left Nizhny Novgorod and traveled around the country. In November 1891, he was already in Tiflis, and it was the local newspaper that in September 1892 published the debut story of 24-year-old Maxim Gorky - “Makar Chudra”.

In October 1892, Gorky returned to Nizhny Novgorod. Working again for Lanin, he is published in newspapers not only in Nizhny, but also in Samara and Kazan. Having moved to Samara in February 1895, he works in the city newspaper, sometimes acts as an editor, and actively publishes. Published in large quantities for a novice author in 1898, the two-volume book entitled “Essays and Stories” becomes the subject of active discussion. In 1899, Gorky wrote his first novel, “Foma Gordeev,” in 1900-1901. personally meets Chekhov and Tolstoy.

In 1901, the prose writer first turned to the genre of drama, writing the plays “The Bourgeois” (1901) and “At the Lower Depths” (1902). Transferred to the stage, they enjoyed enormous popularity. “The Bourgeois” was staged in Berlin and Vienna, which brought Gorky fame on a European scale. From that time on, his work began to be translated into foreign languages, And foreign critics paid him quite a lot of attention.

Gorky did not stay away from the revolution of 1905; in the fall he became a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. In 1906, the first period of emigration in his biography began. Until 1913 he lived on the Italian island of Capri. It was during this period (1906) that he wrote the novel “Mother,” which marked the beginning of a new direction in literature - socialist realism.

After the announcement of a political amnesty in February 1913, Gorky returned to Russia. In the same year, he began writing an artistic autobiography; he worked for 3 years on “Childhood” and “In People” (he would write the final part of the trilogy, “My Universities,” in 1923). During this period, he acted as editor of the Bolshevik newspapers Pravda and Zvezda; uniting proletarian writers around itself, publishes a collection of their works.

If February revolution While Maxim Gorky met with enthusiasm, his reaction to the events of October 1917 was more contradictory. The hesitations and fears of the writers were eloquently evidenced by the course of the newspaper “New Life” he published (May 1917 - March 1918), numerous articles, as well as the “Book untimely thoughts. Notes on revolution and culture". Nevertheless, already in the 2nd half of 1918, Gorky was an ally of the Bolshevik power, although he demonstrated disagreement with a number of their principles and methods, in particular in relation to the intelligentsia. In the period 1917-1919. socio-political work was very intense; thanks to the efforts of the writer, many representatives of the intelligentsia in those difficult years escaped starvation and repression. During the Civil War, Gorky made a lot of efforts to domestic culture maintained and developed.

In 1921, Gorky went abroad. According to a widespread version, he did this at the insistence of Lenin, who was worried about the health of the great writer due to the worsening of his illness (tuberculosis). Meanwhile, a deeper reason could be the growing ideological contradictions in the positions of Gorky, the leader of the world proletariat and other leaders of the Soviet state. During 1921-1923. His place of residence was Helsingfors, Berlin, Prague, and from 1924 - Italian Sorrento.

In honor of the writer’s 60th birthday in 1928, the Soviet government and Comrade Stalin personally invited Gorky to come to Soviet Union, organizing a gala reception for him. The writer makes numerous trips around the country, where he is shown the achievements of socialism and given the opportunity to speak at meetings and rallies. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR celebrates Gorky's literary merits with a special act; he is elected to the Communist Academy and given other honors.

In 1932, Maxim Gorky returned to his homeland for good and became the leader of new Soviet literature. The great proletarian writer, as he came to be called, conducts active social and organizational work, founds large number printed publications, book series, including “The Life of Remarkable People”, “The Poet’s Library”, “History civil war", "History of factories and factories", without forgetting about literary creativity(plays “Egor Bulychev and others” (1932), “Dostigaev and others” (1933)). In 1934, under the chairmanship of Gorky, the First All-Union Congress Soviet writers; He made a great contribution to the preparation of this event.

In 1936, on June 18, the news spread across the country that Maxim Gorky had died at his dacha in Gorki. The burial place of his ashes becomes the Kremlin wall on Red Square. The death of Gorky and his son Maxim Peshkov is widely associated with poisoning as a weapon of a political conspiracy, but there is no official confirmation of this.