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Have you decided to take up painting or are you painting furniture? But don't know how to get different shades? Paint mixing charts and tips will help you do this.

Basic Concepts

Before you start studying paint mixing tables, it’s worth familiarizing yourself with some definitions that will make it easy to understand a new material. The words used in the theory and practice of mixing shades are explained below. These are not scientific encyclopedic definitions, but transcripts in a language understandable to the average beginner, without the presence of complex terminology.

Achromatic colors are all intermediate shades between black and white, that is, gray. These paints contain only a tonal component (dark - light), and there is no “color” as such. Those where it is present are called chromatic.

Primary colors are red, blue, yellow. They cannot be obtained by mixing any other colors. Those that can are compound.

Saturation is a characteristic that distinguishes it from an achromatic shade that is identical in lightness. Next, let's look at what a table for mixing paints for painting is.

Range

Paint mixing tables are usually presented as a matrix of rectangles or squares or as schemes of shade combinations with numerical values ​​or percentages of each color component.

The fundamental table is the spectrum. It can be depicted as a stripe or a circle. The second option turns out to be more convenient, visual and understandable. In fact, the spectrum is a schematic image of a ray of light decomposed into color components, in other words, a rainbow.

This table contains both primary and secondary colors. The more sectors in this circle, the greater the number of intermediate shades. In the picture above there are also gradations of lightness. Each ring corresponds to a specific tone.

The shade of each sector is obtained by mixing neighboring colors along the ring.

How to mix achromatic colors

There is such a painting technique as grisaille. It involves creating a painting using gradations of exclusively achromatic colors. Sometimes brown or another shade is added. Below is a table of mixing colors for paints when working using this method.

Please note that when working with gouache, oil, or acrylic, a grayer shade is created by not only reducing the amount of black, but also adding white. In watercolors, professionals do not use this paint, but dilute it

How to mix with white and black

In order to get a darker or lighter shade of the pigment that you have in your set, you need to mix it with achromatic colors. This is how you work with gouache, mixing acrylic paints. The table located further is suitable for working with any material.

There are different numbers of ready-made colors in the kits, so compare what you have with the desired shade. When you add white, you will get what are called pastel colors.

Below is shown how a gradation of several complex colors is obtained from the lightest, almost white, to very dark.

Mixing watercolor paints

The table below can be used for both painting methods: glaze or single layer. The difference is that in the first version, the final shade is obtained by visually combining different tones superimposed on one another. The second method involves mechanically creating the desired color by combining pigments on a palette.

How this is done is easy to understand using the example of the first line with purple tones from the figure above. Layer-by-layer execution is done like this:

1. Fill all the squares with a light tone, which can be achieved by using a small amount of paint and enough water.
2. After drying, apply the same color to the second and third elements.
3. Repeat the steps as many times as necessary. In this version there are only three color transition cells, but there may be more.

When working in the glaze painting technique, it is worth remembering that different colors It is better to mix in no more than five layers. The previous one must be well dried.

In the event that you prepare the required color immediately on the palette, the sequence of working with the same purple gradation will be as follows:

1. Apply color by taking a little paint on a wet brush. Apply to the first rectangle.
2. Add pigment, fill the second element.
3. Dip the brush further into the paint and make a third cell.

When working in one layer, you must first mix all the colors on the palette. This means that in the first method the final shade is obtained by optical mixing, and in the second - mechanical.

Gouache and oil

The techniques for working with these materials are similar, since the pigments are always presented in the form of a creamy mass. If the gouache has dried, it is first diluted with water to the desired consistency. Any set always contains white. They are usually used up faster than others, so they are sold in separate jars or tubes.

Mixing (table below), like gouache, is not a difficult task. The advantage of these techniques is that the next layer completely covers the previous one. If you make a mistake and after drying you don’t like the resulting shade, make a new one and apply it on top. The previous one will not show through if you work with thick colors, without diluting them with liquid (water for gouache, solvent for oil).

Paintings using this painting technique can even be textured, when a thick mass is applied impasto, that is, in a thick layer. Often a special tool is used for this - a palette knife, which is a metal spatula on a handle.

The proportions of mixed paints and the necessary colors to obtain the desired shade are shown in the previous table diagram. It is worth saying that it is enough to have only three primary colors in the set (red, yellow and blue), as well as black and white. From them, in different combinations, all other shades are obtained. The main thing is that the paints in the jar should be exactly the main spectral tones, that is, for example, not pink or crimson, but red.

Working with acrylic

Most often, these paints are used on wood, cardboard, glass, stone, making decorative crafts. In this case, the process is the same as when using gouache or oil. If the surface has been previously primed and the paints are suitable for it, obtaining the desired shade will not be difficult. Below are examples of mixing shades with acrylic.

For (batik) they are also used, but they are sold in jars of liquid consistency and are similar to printer ink. In this case, the colors are mixed according to the watercolor principle on a palette with the addition of water rather than white.

Once you understand how to use paint mixing charts, you can easily create an unlimited number of shades using watercolor, oil, or acrylic.

Brown is a versatile color that has many possible uses, but it is not always found in art supply sets. Luckily, different shades of brown can be created by mixing the three primary colors: red, blue and yellow. Just mix these three primary colors and you have it. Brown color. You can also start with a secondary color, such as orange or green, and add a primary color to it until you get brown. To achieve the shade of brown you want, add more of one of the primary colors, use a little black, or mix two or more different shades.

Steps

Mix primary colors in equal proportions

Squeeze a small drop of each color onto the mixing surface. Place red, blue and yellow paints next to each other on a palette or piece of paper. The exact quantity depends on how much brown paint you need. It is important that there is an equal amount of each paint.

• Leave some space between flowers. In that free space in the middle you will mix different colors.
• To get brown from primary colors, you just need to mix them in equal quantities.

Advice: In principle, this combination can be used for oil sticks, watercolors or colored pencils, but the final color may not be uniform, since they are more difficult to mix.

Mix the colors completely. Run the tip of the palette knife along the inside edges of all three paints to bring them toward the center. Then use the flat bottom surface of the tool to mix the paints using increasingly wider circular movements. At the same time, you will notice that the mixture gradually acquires a rich brown color.

Add a little white to give the brown some depth. Once you have mixed the paints and got a brown color, add some white paint and continue mixing until it is completely gone. Be careful not to use too much white paint - generally no more than ⅓ of the total paint is needed.

How to get brown from secondary colors

1. Mix red and yellow together to get Orange color. Start with enough red paint and add yellow paint little by little until you reach a 1:1 ratio. At the same time, mix the paints until you get a dark orange color.

   • To make the brown color dark enough, you can use a little more red paint.

2. Mix orange with blue to get brown. Use a little less blue than orange - the proportion of blue paint should not exceed 35-40%. Mix the paints thoroughly until you get a chocolate brown color.

   Mix red and blue to get purple. Use these two colors in approximately equal proportions. The perfect combination of red and blue will produce violet, and if you deviate from the exact proportions, you will end up with purple or a similar red tint.

   • Getting the right purple color is quite difficult. If the final mixture has a reddish or bluish tint, add a little of the opposite color to achieve balance.
   • If you add too much blue paint, the purple color will be more difficult to correct. It is easier to achieve the right shade with an excess of red.

3. Add yellow paint little by little to the purple until you get a brown color. As you mix the paints, you will notice a dirty brown tint beginning to emerge. Continue adding yellow paint in small increments until you get the color you want.

   Mix blue and yellow to get green color. Squeeze out a big drop of blue color and add yellow paint little by little. As with orange, you should start with the most saturated green and move towards the middle of the spectrum.

   • For best results, the green color should be closer to dark blue than light aquamarine.

4. Add the right amount of red paint to green to get brown. Mix in just a little red at first and continue adding and stirring as needed to get more dark color. A mixture of green and red can range from an earthy olive brown to a warm burnt orange hue.

   • To get the most “real” brown color possible, the mixture should contain 33-40% red dye. If the proportion is equal, red will slightly predominate.

   Advice: The brown color obtained from a mixture of red and green is perfect for landscapes and images of nature.

   How to get different shades

   Add a little more red or yellow paint to give the brown a warmer tone. If you want to lighten or enhance the brown, simply add a small amount of one of the warm primary colors. Add paint in small portions and stir continuously until you get the desired shade.

In the interior of premises, it is becoming fashionable to decorate walls with various types of plasters and paint them with paints. But not always in construction stores you can choose the palette you like. Don't despair. Modern technologies allow you to get the desired result. Mixing colors of standard shades allows you to get desired result. The next question arises, how to mix paints to get a beautiful tone? Let's try to get an answer.

There are quite a lot of tones. But the production of paints is based on the use of standard colors. Nowadays, non-standard colors are in fashion, which can be obtained by mixing dyes. The following expert recommendations will tell you how to mix colors correctly.

It has been known since childhood that the basis of all tones are three colors: red, blue, yellow.

To get other options, you need to know the rules for mixing paints. The combination of basic dyes gives a wide range of different undertones.

The secret to creating a new color scheme by mixing colors is to use basic dyes in different proportions. For example, when mixing the colors blue and yellow, we get green. If you continue to add yellow to the resulting substance, you can get tones that are increasingly closer to it. It all depends on the volumes that are connected.

On video: how to get a new color.

The nuances of combining dyes

Mixtures of colors of chromatic shades that are placed next to each other in color wheel, give a fairly bright palette. If you mix dyes that are on opposite sides of the circle, we get achromatic tones, that is, with a predominance of gray.

To get the desired result, you need to understand not only the color scheme, but also ensure that the solutions match the chemical composition. Otherwise, you may get unexpected results. If the color initially turns out bright when mixing paints, then over time it begins to darken and turn gray. For example, a combination of lead white and cinnabar red color initially gives a bright pink, but after a while it will lose its saturation. This also applies oil paints. They are very susceptible to solvents.

The best option for achieving high-quality rich colors is to combine minimum quantity paints Comparability of materials is required. A color mixing table will help you select them.

Traditional palette mixing options

When getting a color yourself, you need to know the rules for mixing paints. Let's look at common options for getting the desired color.

Reds

Red is a representative of the main color. To obtain different red shades, you must follow the following rules:

• The tone of carmine, which is as close as possible to fuchsia, is combined with yellow 2:1. The result is red.
• Connecting pink color with yellow, we get orange.
• To get scarlet, you need to take red and yellow in a 2:1 ratio.
• To achieve a red palette with a soft effect, mix red and pink paint. To achieve a lighter tone, it is better to add white paint.
• If you add a dark dye to the main red paint, you get burgundy.
• You can achieve dark red by mixing red and purple colors in a 3:1 ratio.

Blue

There are primary colors, which include blue. To obtain the desired blue color, you must use this primary color. We get blue by adding white to the blue palette. As the volume of white increases, the shade will become lighter. To obtain a moderate tone, use turquoise instead of white.

For getting blue flowers and shades, you must follow the following scheme. Add to blue:

• yellow and we get blue-green;
• red, we end up with purple;
• orange will provide gray;
• black will give the opportunity to form dark blue.

Greens

How to properly mix paints to obtain green and its shades. The basic rule is to mix yellow and blue dyes. A bright palette of green shades is achieved by combining primary colors in different volumes and adding additional dyes. Additional colors are black and white.

How to get khaki color? To do this, two elements are combined: yellow and blue, with the addition of brown tinting. The amount of substance is important for the result obtained. Olive color can be obtained by taking green and yellow tones. Making a mustard shade is more difficult. Red, black and a little green are added to yellow.

Green is not a primary color. To obtain it, paint colors of yellow and blue are mixed. But, to obtain a rich green tone, it is necessary to use green paint prepared in production. If you made the green paint yourself, the tones will not be bright.

Mixing dyes that have white and green tints makes it possible to get light green, and if you add a little yellow, you can admire light green.

Other shades

Let's look at other tones. Which shade is one of the most popular? Gray tone is very often used in the interior. It turns out if black is mixed with white. The more white, the lighter the result will be.

Gray, which has a silvery metallic tint, is also very often in demand. When mixed, a silver color can be obtained if you use different additives, for example, antimony.

So, in order to have the color that suits a particular interior, you need to mix dyes. The recommendations given above will tell you which colors to mix to get everything right. The resulting colors will delight the owners for a long time.

How to get the right shade (1 video)

Working with paints, obtaining different color schemes, and thereby conducting experiments is an interesting activity. A simple person can get carried away - an amateur, a professional artist. Experimenting, creating and enjoying the process is great! In this article we will also try to experiment. Let's find out what happens when you mix red and yellow.

It must be remembered that there are 3 main paint colors - blue, red and yellow; they cannot be obtained independently.

And the rest obtained by mixing are shades. What happens if you mix red and yellow? What color will it be? By mixing primary colors, secondary shade results are obtained. For example, if you mix:

• blue and red, you get an excellent purple tone;
• yellowish with red – orange;
• blue with yellow - green.

It is impossible to get black and white on your own - these are exceptional tones. If you add white to the paint, the shade will change and will look much lighter, but if you use black, the opposite effect will occur.

Mixing table

The required paint tones are not always available retail sales, so the best solution would be to get them yourself.

When deciding to get a color scheme at home, you need to be patient and have the advantage of good location spirit. This manifestation of independence has some advantages:

• You can get positive emotions from experiments.
• It is not forbidden to vary numerous times.
• You will still get the desired color.

On video: how to mix colors.

Any artist knows that a picture painted with his own hand must be alive and the appropriately selected tones must also be natural, which are obtained using trial methods.

The perceived painting should not contain more than three colors of paint, then it will be an artificial masterpiece.

In order to carry out work on mixing tones efficiently and the result exceeds all expectations, you need to know some rules:

• Do not mix paints made on different bases. For example, on oil and water, everything should be uniform. Otherwise nothing will work out.
• It is not recommended to use expired coloring agents, since the pigment in them has settled to the bottom and is unlikely to mix with the base again.
• It is very difficult and almost impossible to choose the same shade that was previously there. In rare cases, this can be done by professionals, but for amateurs it is best to prepare a new color scheme.
• Before directly mixing the paints, it is necessary to thoroughly stir each color separately, so the quality will be clearer.

Based on the resulting shade, if necessary, you can conduct research again any number of times, adding different shades. But you should follow these tips:

• To avoid getting stained with paint, it is recommended to have a solvent.
• Work must be carried out in a specially designated place.
• Sufficient lighting in the room will also contribute to excellent results.

Color combination (2 videos)

When decorating the surfaces of walls, furniture and other objects with paint, the question arises of mixing them to obtain the desired color. It is not always possible to find the desired color or shade in stores, so you can use the mixing table. Creating color by hand from scrap paints is also cost-effective.

Features when working with acrylic paints

Acrylic paints are an inexpensive material that is easy to work with and dries relatively quickly. But the disadvantage is the narrow palette of colors, so you need to create the desired shade manually. You can get burgundy, lilac, turquoise, sand, wenge, lilac, and others by mixing colors.

There are some rules when working with acrylic:

1. The surface to be painted must be smooth, clean, free of oil and grease stains. It must first be cleaned of the previous finish. It is not recommended to apply a new coat of paint over an old one;
2. Before painting, the walls must be leveled with putty, and then several layers of primer must be applied. The primer is used for better adhesion of paint and for less paint consumption;
3. Before use, acrylic must be diluted with water or special solvents, but it is better to do this in a separate container with a portion of paint. This is necessary in order not to spoil the entire volume at once, but to use only as much as needed.
4. After use, used rollers and brushes must be rinsed thoroughly with water, otherwise they will become unsuitable for further work. You also need to wash other tools that were used. The top of the paint bucket needs to be wiped down so that the lid can be opened in the future.
5. Most often, painting occurs in 2-3 stages, and for an effective result, this must be done in one direction. To simplify and speed up the work, you can take a spray bottle.

Important! Also, do not forget about precautions; before work, it is better to cover or seal all places and objects that will not be painted. You can work with the material at a temperature not lower than 5 degrees and not higher than 27 degrees.

Another main rule of application is to use paint first on a small area or a completely separate surface. When creating the desired shade, it is better to try it on a draft. You also need to wait until it dries completely, as after that the color becomes a little darker or lighter, depending on the type of paint. And if the color matches the expected desired result, then you can start painting the surface or decorating objects.

What colors should you buy?

Tinting is the name of the science that studies mixing styles and obtaining the desired shade. It is this science that helps to obtain lilac color, as well as fuchsia, ivory, sea ​​wave or the sea when mixing paints. In theory, to create many colors, it is enough to have yellow, red and blue. But in this case, you can get a narrow spectrum.

To create a wide palette, it is enough to buy the following colors:

• Red;
• Yellow;
• Brown;
• Pink;
• Blue;
• Black;
• White.

These colors are quite sufficient for applying the basic scales. For decoration Gold, silver, mother-of-pearl and other additional colors are also used for designs.

Mixing Features

You can find out how to mix correctly and get the desired shade by consulting with a specialist in the store when purchasing.

Tip: The main rule of mixing is that you cannot combine dry and liquid colors. They don't match.

There are 4 main colors - white, red, blue and green. With their help, many others can be created. For example, khaki can be obtained by mixing brown and green. And you can get a brown color by mixing from red and green. Beige – take brown and white.

Working with a table

Working with the table is to find the desired color and shade, and next to it in the line, the necessary colors for mixing will be indicated. For example, you can get purple by mixing acrylic paints by mixing red and blue. And to make it light or dark, just add a little white or black color, respectively. The disadvantage of working from the table is that it does not indicate the amount of pigment added - the ratio. Therefore, when mixing, you need practice and color perception.

Here you can simply take and mix colors, first in the same proportion, and then add another for the desired shade. Or use specialized tables that have been developed by specialists for working with the material.

For example, to get orange when mixing acrylic paints, just mix red and yellow.

Color mixing chart for acrylic paints

Working with paints is simple, the only difficulty is creating the desired shade, without proportions. But, if you understand the mixing table and practice, and also know the rules of working with acrylic, you can create a unique and inimitable interior design with your own hands and relatively cheaply.