The first attempts at administrative-territorial division of our lands can be considered the existence of principality lands during the times of Kievan Rus.
In the 9th-12th centuries the territory modern Ukraine was divided into Chernigov-Seversk, Pereyaslav, Volyn and Galician lands. All of them were part of the Kyiv state.
WITH mid-XII century, the process of decline of the Kyiv state begins. Heir to political and cultural traditions The Principality of Galicia-Volyn becomes Kievan Rus. In the XIII - first half of the XIV centuries. The Galician-Volyn principality included a significant part of the Ukrainian ethnic territory.
With the death of Yuri II Boleslav in 1340, the decline of the Galician-Volyn state began. In the second half of the 14th century. Most of the Ukrainian lands were captured by foreign powers. For example, Lithuania conquered part of Volyn, Brest and Dorogochinsk lands, Chernigovo-Severshchina, Kyiv and Podolsk lands.
In 1387, as a result of a long-term war between Poland, Hungary and Lithuania, Galicia was annexed to the Kingdom of Poland.
At the beginning In the 1440s, the Volyn and Kiev principalities were restored. However, in the second half of the 15th century, after the death of Svidrigail and Semyon Olelkovich, they were finally liquidated and transformed into Lithuanian provinces. In their place, the Kiev, Bratslav and Volyn voivodships were created, which were governed by grand-ducal governors - voivodes.
After the conclusion of the Union of Lublin between Poland and Lithuania in 1569, all Ukrainian lands, with the exception of Brest and Dorogochinsk, Transcarpathia, Bukovina and Chernihiv region, came under the direct authority of the Kingdom of Poland.
Portolan of the Black Sea basin. By Agnes Battista, 1550. On the map - Rus', Tartary and Muscovy_2.jpg)
Starting in 1608, for about 300 years, Ukraine appeared on political map world sporadically.
In particular, in the years 1608-1615, the borders of the independent Cossack state at that time were not stable, and after some time it was completely transferred to Muscovy. In 1618, Chernigovo-Siverschyna came under Polish rule.
At the beginning of the 17th century. The territory of present-day Ukraine was divided between Poland and Russia. Over the next 35 years, Poland's territory continued to expand, but the division between the two states still remained.
"Typus Generalis Vkraine" (General description of Ukraine). Author - Johann Jansonius, 1649
Poland, Lithuania and Ukraine as part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Author - Carlo Alard, 1670
"Vkraine ou Pays des Cosaques" (Ukraine - the state of the Cossacks). Author - Guillaume Sanson, 1674
"Ukraine grand pays de la Russie Rouge avec une partie de la Pologne, Moscovie..." (Big country - Red Rus', bordering Poland, Russia, Wallachia...). Author - Pierre van Der, 1710
"Amplissima Ucraniae Regio..." (Ukraine and regions). Author - Tobias Conrad Lotter, 1770
During Russian-Turkish wars XVIII century The lands of the "Wild Field" were populated. It was then that it was founded Largest cities modern Southern Ukraine: Elizavetgrad (Kirovograd, 1775), Ekaterinoslav (Dnepropetrovsk, 1776), Kherson (1778), Nikolaev (1789) and Odessa (1794).
As a result of the second and third partitions of Poland in 1793-1795. Right Bank Ukraine and Volyn were annexed to Russia. Galicia, Bukovina and Transcarpathia remained part of Austria-Hungary.
And in 1812, Bessarabia (Moldova and Burjak) was annexed to Russia.
XX century was marked by the appearance of Ukraine on the political map of the world.
Historical map of the Ukrainian State during the time of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky, October 1918
The limits of Ukraine, which were declared by the UPR at the Paris Peace Conference. 1919
1923 - the eastern part of Ukraine became part of Soviet Union, and in 1939 the western territories also joined it.
"Modern division Eastern Slavs by languages." Kudryashov's Atlas as part of the "Russian Historical Atlas", 1928
Map of the Ukrainian SSR, 1931
Map of Ukraine between the two world wars
Map of the USSR, 1940. Pocket Atlas of the USSR, 11th ed.
In 1954, in accordance with the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, the USSR became part of the Ukrainian SSR.
What does it look like modern map Ukraine:
You can also view the infographic of changes in the borders of Ukraine in the video:
They changed their appearance and borders more than once. It all started with Kievan Rus.
First information about the construction kart ancient Rus' reach us from the depths of pre-Petrine times. Even large landowners of the 14th century sought to outline, at least schematically, their property on paper. The mention of the “Drawing of Moscow Lands” as the first Russian geographical map of a single country dates back to 1497. In 1525, Pavel Joviy Novokomsky, a bishop and geographer, based on data received from the Russian ambassador Dmitry Gerasimov, compiled a book for residents of Western Europe. It contained a map of Muscovy and described the geography, customs and life of the inhabitants of Rus'. In addition, in this book, for the first time, a hypothesis was put forward about the existence of a Northeast Passage, along which ships could travel from the northern outskirts of Rus' to China. Almost 30 years later, the Italian cartographer Battista Agnese placed in his atlas a map called “Muscovy. Drawing compiled according to information from Ambassador Demetrius."
Map of ancient Rus' Drawing of Moscow lands 1497
Anthony Weed
Herberstein
In 1542, the Lithuanian cartographer Anthony Vid created a “map of Muscovy” based on information received from Lyatsky. Two years later, it was published as part of Münster’s Cosmography. This map for the first time depicted the territory from the Caspian Sea in the south to the borders of Finland in the north, and from Kyiv in the west to the Ob River in the east. In parallel with Münster, the Austrian diplomat Baron Sigismund von Herberstein worked on his version of the map of Muscovy. His work was published in 1546 by Hirschvogel's publishing house. Despite the fact that Herberstein’s map looks more schematic than Munster’s, it surprisingly accurately depicts the Urals and the forests of southern Rus'.
Large drawing of Ivan the Terrible
During his life, Ivan IV the Terrible collected about 250 maps in his archives, one of which was the “Big Drawing”. Compiled by order of the king in the second half of the sixteenth century, this map went through many editions and revisions, but was subsequently lost. Nevertheless, the “Book of the Big Drawing” has been preserved - detailed description lost card. It includes detailed information about the nature, life and economy of the peoples inhabiting Russia, talks about the main rivers and seas, indicates cities and the distances between them, including border fortresses. In addition, under Ivan IV, in 1556, the first manual for land surveying was compiled, which was called “The Book Called Geometry or Land Surveying by Radix and Compass...”.
“Map of Moscow Lands” is considered the first printed map of Russia; its publication date is considered to be January 26, 1525. However, for the most part, maps of ancient Rus' in the 16th and 17th centuries remained handwritten and existed in only one version. Due to this, frequent fires Time of Troubles, the negligence of the keepers, who did not see the value of the old drawings, did their job and most of the maps of that time are lost to us forever.
In the last millennium, the Rus Empire in the already breakaway Western Europe began to be called " Great Tartary " It was and still remains the largest power in the World, which enemies are still trying to crush into small pieces - appanage principalities that would be easier to conquer and destroy the population...
« Russia is a unique country, unique in every way. Just take the name of the country and... a whole layer of information will emerge, about which the majority of Russian residents do not have the slightest idea. The name of the country - Russia, arose from another word - Rasseya, which, in turn, was formed from the name Rassenia. Russenia was the name given to the part of the ancient Slavic-Aryan Empire that lay west of the Ripean (Ural) mountains. The lands east of the Urals to the Pacific Ocean and further, from Lukomorye ( Russian North) to Central India, bore the name Land of the Holy Race. Foreigners called this country differently. One of the last foreign names known in Europe until the end of the eighteenth century was Great Tartaria is the largest country in the world, as described in the first edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica in 1771. Those interested can see this for themselves by looking at this edition of the encyclopedia...”
* About Essence, Mind and much more... - official website amazing person, Russian scientist, healer, writer - academician Nikolai Levashov
V.V. Putin declassified the archives of Tartaria [Past of Rus']
At school they tell us that we, Russian people, have only one thousand years of our wretched past. It’s just pathetic, because before the arrival of Christianity in Rus', we were all supposedly wild animals, but the church turned us into people. However, many facts contradict these fictions. For example, in the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1771, our Motherland is described as the largest and most developed state on Earth called Great Tartary. There are many documents and maps that confirm this. Some of them are located in Russian Geographical Society, where President Vladimir Putin visited on January 15, 2013. And there he was shown these documents and maps, as evidenced by the video recordings of this visit. And other artifacts, such as the Chandar Plate, irrefutably testify to us that the level of development of the civilization of our ancestors was incomparably higher than they are trying to convince us of. This level is higher than even the current level of development of our civilization.
* On the website "" you will find detailed story about artifacts and evidence ancient history humanity. -
The past of Rus'. Great Tartaria - Rus Empire
The past of the Slavic-Aryans is the past of our earthly civilization. There is already a lot of truthful information! You just need to look for it and popularize it as widely as possible among the Rus and all other peoples who want to know the truth...
The film "Great Tartary - Empire of the Rus" is a short story about the great past of our Motherland. Several thousand years ago, the Rus Empire occupied almost all habitable lands on the planet: Eurasia, North America, North Africa... There were very few people of the yellow, red and black races on Earth, and they lived compactly in areas with their usual climatic conditions. But over time, our powerful enemies found ways to gradually push back and destroy the Slavs. In the last millennium, the Rus Empire in the already breakaway Western Europe began to be called “Great Tartary”. It was and still remains the largest power in the World, which enemies are still trying to split into small pieces - appanage principalities that would be easier to conquer and destroy the population...
The film is based on unique works Svetlana and Nikolai Levashov.
In the film you can get answers to the following questions:
- Who were the URs in reality, and what influence did they have with their cult “URa (Vedic worldview) on the system of moral and spiritual values of the Slavs? And why do some of our neighbors still call the Rus “UR-Russians”?
- How did the castes of Magi, artisans, grain growers, cattle breeders, and the tribes of Scots, Polyans, Drevlyans appear...
- What is common between the content of the Slavic-Aryan Vedas and the book of Veles?
- What do we know about Atlantis from ancient written sources of the Slavs and Aryans?
- Why did the war begin between the Great Russia (Rus) and Arimia ( Ancient China- the country of the “Great Dragon”) more than 7520 years ago? And how did the symbol of this victory - St. George the Victorious, slaying the Serpent (the image of the enemy, Arimia) - become a “Christian saint”?
- How the largest country in the World - Great Tartary - disappeared with geographical maps in the 18th century? And why was total falsification possible? World history and the history of Russia in particular?
By the 9th century. The Eastern Slavs developed the prerequisites and conditions necessary for the emergence of a state, as a result of which in the middle of the 9th century. Two state associations were formed with centers in Novgorod and Kyiv. This was facilitated by the development of economic and trade ties, religious community, and also general efforts to repel external enemies.
According to the Tale of Bygone Years, in the second third of the 9th century. Varangian troops led by Askold and Dir on the great waterway went to Byzantium. Having gone down the Dnieper, they approached the center of the glades, Kyiv. The Glades paid tribute to the Khazars, they were “offended” by the Drevlyans and nomadic tribes. Askold and Dir easily seized power in Kyiv and remained here to reign. They liberated the glades from Khazar dependence and entered into a fight with other “offenders” of the glades - the Drevlyans and Bulgars. In 860, the Kyiv princes made a successful campaign against Constantinople; in the 70s 9th century their squads more than once broke through the Khazar lands to North Caucasus, to the Caspian Sea. By this time, the glades had united part of the lands of the Drevlyans and Dregovichs under their rule, marking the beginning of the unification of East Slavic tribal unions.
In the north, a strong alliance of East Slavic and Finno-Ugric tribes led by the Ilmen Slovenes is also emerging. In 862, the Slovenes, Krivichi, Chud, Ves, Merya, who paid tribute to the Varangians, drove them “across the sea” and “began to rule themselves.” But inter-tribal strife began - “generation after generation rose up.” No one could prevail. And then the representatives of the tribes decided to send ambassadors to the Varangians with an appeal: “Our land is great and abundant, but there is no order in it; come reign and rule over us.” Three brothers responded to the invitation: Rurik, Truvor and Sineus. Rurik reigned in Novgorod, Truvor - in Izborsk, Sineus - in Beloozero. But soon Truvor and Sineus died, and Rurik became the sole ruler of the vast lands of the East Slavic and Finno-Ugric tribes, the founder of the princely Rurik dynasty.
Thus, in the middle of the 9th century. two strong East Slavic associations were formed, each of which covered vast territories; one was located in the Middle Dnieper region, led by Kiev, the other - in the north, in the Ilmen region, led by Novgorod. A rivalry began between the “North” and the “South” for supremacy in the East Slavic world.
After the death of Rurik in 879, his relative Oleg became the prince of Novgorod. In 882, Oleg, at the head of a large army, set out on a campaign to the south. Along the way, he subjugated the land of the Krivichi, which was claimed by the southern princes. Approaching Kyiv, Oleg cunningly lured Askold and Dir out of the city and killed them. Becoming prince of Kyiv, he declared Kyiv the capital of all his lands. So, as a result of the unification of two East Slavic centers, a single Old Russian state, called Rus. Since then, 882 has been considered the year of the beginning of the Russian state.