Zaha Hadid in front of the Glasgow Transport Museum she designed
Zaha Hadid is a laureate of the Pritzker Prize (analogous to the Nobel Prize in architecture), the first woman and Muslim to receive it, and holder of the title Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire. Zaha Hadid died on March 31, 2016 from a heart attack, but her work remains one of the most striking in history. modern architecture.
Zaha Hadid was born in Baghdad on October 31, 1950 in the family of an industrialist, one of the founders of the National Democratic Party of Iraq, a representative of the Western-oriented big bourgeoisie. Already at the age of 11, she decided that she wanted to become an architect. Zaha first received her mathematics education at the American University of Beirut. But in 1972 she went to the UK to attend the Architectural Association School in London. There her teachers were Rem Koolhaas and Elia Zenghelis.
She was strongly influenced as an architect by the Russian architectural avant-garde of the 1920s and the work of Kazimir Malevich, but her creative language remains vividly original. Koolhaas called it "a planet in its own orbit." Zenghelis considered her the most talented person who had ever studied with him.
In 1977 she worked for six months in the workshop of Rem Koolhaas OMA, and in 1979 she founded her own bureau in London Zaha Hadid Architects. With her original and uncompromising approach to creativity, Hadid could not handle small commissions for individuals, so she remained teaching at the Architectural Association (until 1987), continuing to design and participate in competitions.
Her project for the Peak Club (1983) on a hill above Hong Kong, which won a major international competition, attracted public attention to Hadid, but remained unrealized because the customer went bankrupt. In 1994, Hadid achieved widespread fame in the UK by winning a competition to design an opera house in Cardiff, but the developer was influenced public opinion, after a year and a half of conflicts, abandoned the project, afraid of the originality of the architectural solution. These and other projects brought her victory in prestigious architectural competitions, interest, and then popularity among professionals, but remained on paper. Largely due to the unwillingness of customers to accept its non-standard and original design.
Hadid's first completed project was the Vitra fire station in Weil am Rhein (1991-1993), Germany.
Vitra Fire Station | Germany RIM Creation
The situation changed dramatically in 1999, when construction of the Center began contemporary art Rosenthal in Cincinnati, USA. From that moment on, Hadid began to be invited to work in different countries peace.
Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, 2003 Roland Halbe
Zaha Hadid's paintings and drawings have been exhibited many times in many countries around the world. Hadid's works are included in many museum collections, in particular MoMA and the German Architecture Museum in Frankfurt am Main (DAM).
Hadid's personal life has never been publicly discussed. What is known is that she lived in the historic district of London, Clerkenwell, not far from her office, and her home was a surgically clean space filled with avant-garde furniture. Zaha called herself a Muslim. She passed away on March 21, 2016, in a hospital in Miami, where she was treated for bronchitis. But she left behind her idea of the cities of the future.
Here are some of Zaha Hadid's completed projects.
UK, Oxford, 2015
Investcorp Building of the Middle East Center at St Anthony's College, University of Oxford Luke Hayes
Italy, Salerno, 2016. Marine terminal in Salerno
Marine terminal in Salerno Hélène Binet
China, Guangzhou, 2016. Guangzhou Infinitus Plaza complex
Guangzhou Infinitus Plaza Zaha Hadid Architects
Belgium, Antwerp, 2016. Antwerp Port Authority building
Antwerp Port Authority building Hélène Binet
In the immediate vicinity of Moscow, in the elite village of Barvikha near Moscow, there is also a creation by Zaha Hadid, owned by Vladislav Doronin. A house called Capital Hill Residence in the form spaceship built in eco-style - mixtures modern technologies with natural forms. The house is located at a distance from neighboring mansions in the middle pine forest. Its area is 2,650 sq. m. In two 22-meter towers there are bedrooms and children's rooms. In the basement there is a Finnish sauna, hammam, Russian bath, fitness room and guest room.
Private mansion in Barvikha, Russia
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, 2017. King Abdullah Petroleum Research and Study Center
King Abdullah Petroleum Science and Research Center Hufton+Crow
Slovakia, Bratislava, 2017. Sky Park complex
Complex Sky Park Penta Investments
Italy, Afragola, 2017. Express station railway Naples - Afragola
Naples-Afragola train station Jacopo Spilimbergo
Messner Mining Museum - Corones. Italy, 2015
Messner Mountain Museum - Corones Inexhibit
Built in 2013, the Heydar Aliyev Center is a modern cultural center, which has become a new symbol of Baku and all of Azerbaijan. It is a complex structure that includes an auditorium, a museum, a concert hall, exhibition halls and administrative offices.
Heydar Aliyev Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
The Riverside Transport Museum in Glasgow was originally planned to open in 2009, but construction was suspended due to the crisis, and 7 years passed from the start of construction to the opening.
Riverside Transport Museum in Glasgow
In 2015, in Moscow, on Sharikopodshipnikovskaya street, building 5, it was built office building designed by Zaha Hadid.
Dominion Tower Hufton + Crow Business Center
The Burnham Pavilions in Chicago were a tribute to the famous American city planner Daniel Burnham. Inside, audio and video installations were shown showing the development of Chicago, from the past to the future.
Burnham Pavilions in Chicago, USA
Zaha Hadid projects in progress
The stadium in the port city of Al Wakrah, Qatar, will be part of a grand development covering an area of 585,000 square meters. m. Its capacity is 40,000 spectators, while the upper tier of the stadium will be removable, which will reduce the capacity by half after the end of the championship.
Football Stadium 2022, Qatar
But in the capital Saudi Arabia They will build a metro station out of gold. According to Zaha, while working on the project, she was inspired by the dunes of Saudi Arabia, the smooth contours of which she tried to give to the station itself. They will also apply new system passage of passengers, which should help avoid crowding during rush hours.
Golden metro station in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
In Serbia, a complex of apartments, offices and leisure space located on the abandoned site of an old textile factory is set to become Belgrade's new landmark. In addition to the programs listed above, the proposed complex also includes a five-star hotel, a convention center, galleries and shops, as well as underground parking for guests and residents of the city
Beko Masterplan mixed-use development in Belgrade, Serbia
The Manhattan house will be in the shape of the letter L, and its inner corner will be built in a zigzag, which will separate the two parts of the building. On the 11th floor there will be 37 apartments with an area of up to 510 square meters and ceiling heights of more than 3 meters. The house will also have a spa, garden and indoor pool.
Residential building in Manhattan, USA
The new university in Hong Kong is set to become an architectural landmark. It will be a complex of educational and research laboratories. The seamless architecture of the building symbolizes the dynamics of current and future achievements and produces an impressive visual effect.
Polytechnic University in Hong Kong, China
In Bonn, the studio took on the task of improving an existing building by German architect Siegfried Wolske. Hadid's work contains two transparent facades facing the river. It is planned to build terraces around the building where outdoor performances will be held.
Beethoven Festival Bonn 2020, Germany
The building in Macau, China, consists of two towers connected at the podium and roof level, with several additional bridges in the middle. The hotel, with a total area of 150,000 square meters, consists of 780 rooms, suites and penthouses, conference halls, gaming rooms, lobby, restaurants, spa and swimming pool. open air. You can admire the view of Macau from the tower from the panoramic elevators. Construction of the hotel began in 2013.
40-storey hotel in Macau, China
Ensemble from " Bolshoi Theater", a museum of contemporary art and a "small theater" (multifunctional hall) will appear on the shores of Meixihu Lake in Changsha, China. Three volumes will be located on a spacious “plaza”, which will be complemented by a deep “courtyard” with restaurants and shops.
Changsha International Culture and Art Center, China
Tall skyscrapers are designed to become the new business center of Dubai. As befits buildings of this scale, it will house offices, a hotel and a shopping center.
Skyscrapers Signature Towers in Dubai, UAE
The 21-storey building in Abu Dhabi, 93 meters high, is a giant cube with a cavity inside that appears to float above the ground. It is equipped with a unique backlight, due to which it looks completely different at night and daytime. During the day the cube is hollow, and at night this space is filled with light.
Opus Office Tower in Abu Dhabi, UAE
The new Tokyo Olympic Stadium will be built on the site of the former stadium, famous for the 1964 Olympics, and will become the country's main Olympic venue. rising sun. It is designed for 80 thousand people, and its area will be 290,000 square meters. m. Completion of construction is scheduled for 2018.
Tokyo Olympic Stadium 2020, Japan
Sources.
Zaha Mohammad Hadid is an Iraqi-born architect who lived and worked in the UK. The world's first female Pritzker Prize winner.
Zaha was born on October 31, 1950 in the capital of Iraq in the family of Muhammad al-Hajj Hussein Hadid, the organizer of the National Democratic Party. The girl's mother, Wajiha al-Sabunji, was from Mosul and was a painter. Parents led a bourgeois lifestyle.
Since childhood, Zaha has shown an interest in fine arts and architecture. The girl constantly fantasized and created building designs out of paper. By the age of 22, Zaha Hadid graduated from the Faculty of Mathematics of the American University in Beirut and went to London, where she became a student at the Association of Architects School of Architecture. The girl enrolled in a course with masters Rem Koolhaas and Elia Zenghelis. While studying in the UK, Zaha became closely acquainted with the work of Kazimir Malevich and Russian architects of the early 20th century.
Architecture
Avant-garde becomes Hadid’s favorite art direction, the student begins to implement the ideas of the direction in her work. Rem Koolhaas, a Dutch architect and deconstructivist theorist, highly appreciated Zaha's talent and considered the girl the best student who had ever studied with him. First famous work Zahi's design for a habitable bridge over the Thames was developed by her in 1976.
In 1977, after graduating educational institution Zaha Hadid becomes an employee of the OMA Koolhaas bureau, from where she leaves two years later. In 1979, Zaha Hadid's independent project Zaha Hadid Architects appeared. Along with the execution of orders, Zaha begins teaching activities at the Architectural Association, where she worked until 1987. Hadid does not undertake the development of standard buildings; she is interested in large iconic objects. Therefore, Zaha mainly creates projects on paper and participates in competitions.
Project sports club Peak, Hong Kong The architect's first victory in an international competition was the project of the Peak club, which Zaha created for a client from Hong Kong, but the construction was not carried out due to the bankruptcy of the client. In 1994, as a result of another victory for Zaha Hadid in the UK, best project opera house in Cardiff, a scandal erupted: the public put strong pressure on the developer, forcing him to abandon the avant-garde project of a young Arab woman.
Another striking work of this year is the development of an inverted skyscraper for the English city of Leicester, which also was not realized. The first project to be implemented was the Vitra fire station project in Weil am Rhein. Happened significant event in 1993. But many of Hadid’s projects still remained on paper, which did not stop Zaha. The architect was so passionate about her favorite work that she often slept 4 hours a day.
In 1997 after construction museum complex Guggenheim in Bilbao begins interest in the ideas of Zaha Hadid. In 1998-1999, the architect built two Arts Centers in the USA, Ohio, and Rome. Buildings built according to the designs of the Iraqi architect become landmarks of the area. The name of Zaha Hadid finally became known to the international community after participating in the development of the project for the Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, USA, the construction of which was completed in 2003.
In addition to working with large forms, Zaha Hadid experiments with interior objects, theater scenery, and museum exhibition space. The designer creates shoe models for Lacoste and the Brazilian company Melissa. Hadid excels in designing furniture collections. The designer's experimental works are sold under the Sawaya & Moroni brand.
In 2005, Zaha's achievements in design were awarded first prize at the Design Miami world fair. Collections of small forms end up in the Museum of Modern Art in Manhattan and the German Museum of Architecture in Frankfurt am Main. Zaha Hadid lectures on architecture and art around the world.
Work in Russia
On May 31, 2004, a significant event took place in the life of Zaha Hadid - the architect was awarded the Pritzker Prize. The award ceremony took place in St. Petersburg, at the Hermitage Theater. From that time on, Hadid's cooperation with Russia began. She repeatedly came to Moscow to give master classes, and in 2005 she collaborated with a group of designers of the Zhivopisnaya Tower residential complex in the Russian capital.
In 2012, Zaha Hadid created a project for a futuristic house for entrepreneur Vladislav Doronin, and three years later - the Peresvet Plaza business center. In 2012, after the opening of the center in Baku, designed by Zaha Hadid, the architect received an award British Museum design, in the “Design of the Year” category.
Among the master’s works, buildings of various functional purposes are of interest: Science Center in Wolfsburg, the Art Museum in Denmark, the Puerto America Hotel in Spain, the funicular station in Austria, Center aquatic species sports in London, theater project in Morocco, stadium in Qatar, building high school in London. A significant project of the 2000s for Hahid was the construction of the MAXXI Museum on the outskirts of Rome.
In 2010 and 2011, Zaha Hadid received the James Stirling Prize from the Royal Institute of British Architects. Photos of the architect’s and designer’s works are freely available on the Internet and anyone can see them. Over time, buildings built according to Zaha Hadid's designs become streamlined, completely losing angles and straight lines. The designer moves away from deconstructivism by creating his own style.
Personal life
Personal life was never able to fit into creative biography Zaha Hadid. The architect had no family; Zaha left no heirs.
Hadid considered the projects she constantly worked on to be her own children. The designer lived all her life in a London apartment, which was located not far from the architectural office.
Death
In March 2016, Zaha Hadid went to a Miami clinic for treatment for bronchitis. But on March 31, the architect died suddenly.
Doctors called the cause of death a heart attack. After her death, Hadid left only her architectural business.
Now Zaha Hadid’s business is being handled by her partner in the company, Patrick Schumacher, who decided to complete 36 of the master’s works that remained unfinished. Among the brand’s new orders is the construction of a Business Center in the capital of the Czech Republic and a technology park in the Moscow region.
Projects
- Fire station of the designer furniture manufacturer Vitra, Weil am Rhein, Germany - 1994
- Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA - 1998
- Hoenheim-North station and car park, Strasbourg, France - 2001
- Springboard Bergisel, Innsbruck, Austria - 2002
- Phæno Science Center, Wolfsburg, Germany - 2005
- Ordrupgaard Art Museum: new wing, Copenhagen, Denmark - 2005
- Hotel Puerta America, Madrid, Spain - 2006
- Funicular station, Austria - 2007
- National Museum Arts XXI century, Rome, Italy - 2010
- CMA CGM Tower, Marseille, France - 2011
- Aquatics Center (London), England - 2011
- Heydar Aliyev Center, Baku, Azerbaijan - 2012
- Business center "Peresvet Plaza", Moscow, Russia - 2015
Since early, almost adolescence, Zaha Hadid has been constantly fantasizing and working on many projects: both commissioned and on personal initiative. IN different years she offers options for building a habitable bridge over the Thames (), an inverted skyscraper for the English city of Leicester () and a club on a mountaintop in Hong Kong (). Designs the opera buildings in Cardiff ( - the project remained unrealized), Centers for Contemporary Art in Ohio ( ) and Rome (). These and other projects bring her victory in prestigious architectural competitions (the first was won in Hong Kong), interest, and then popularity among professionals, but they remain on paper. Largely due to the unwillingness of customers to accept its non-standard and original design.
Gradually, recognition comes to Zaha Hadid. One of the first completed developments was the fire station of the furniture company Vitra, reminiscent of the Stealth bomber ().
Creation
According to Hadid herself, a surge of interest in her work began after the building of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao was built (in 1997) designed by Frank Gehry. And after participating in the construction of the Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, USA, which opened in 2003, her ideas became truly in demand.
In addition to purely architectural work with large forms, Zaha Hadid willingly experiments in the installation genre, and also creates theater scenery, exhibition and stage spaces, interiors, shoes, paintings and drawings. Here she hones new forms in conditions of complete compositional freedom or, on the contrary, in conditions of tough tasks. Her small works are in many museum collections, such as MoMA, the German Architecture Museum in Frankfurt am Main (DAM) and others. She also gives lectures and organizes master classes all over the world, each time attracting full audiences.
Zaha Hadid in Russia
Zakha has visited Russia several times. On May 31, 2004, a ceremony was held to present Zaha Hadid with the Pritzker Prize in the building of the Hermitage Theater (St. Petersburg). Also in 2004, Hadid gave a keynote lecture at the Moscow Central House of Architects (CDA). A year later (in 2005), Zaha Hadid gave a master class as part of the ARCH-Moscow exhibition.
On September 25, 2015, in Moscow, in the Dubrovka district, on Sharikopodshipnikovskaya Street, a business center was opened, built according to the project of “Zaha Hadid Architects” in Zaha’s unchanged architectural manner - in the avant-garde style (the main construction was completed in 2014).
Hadid was a member of the International Trustee Committee for the creation of the Melnikov House Museum in Moscow.
Buildings
- 2015 - , Moscow, Russia
- 2012 - Heydar Aliyev Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
- 2010-2014 - theater project in Rabat, Morocco.
- 2011 - CMA CGM Tower, Marseille, France
- 2011 - Aquatics Center (London), England
- 2010 - National Museum of 21st Century Art, Rome, Italy
- 2007 - Funicular station, Austria
- 2006 - Hotel Puerta America, Madrid, Spain
- 2005 - BMW plant headquarters, Leipzig, Germany
- 2005 - Science Center "Fahno", Wolfsburg, Germany
- 2005 - Cable car stations, Innsbruck, Austria
- 2005 - Ordrupgaard Art Museum: new wing, Copenhagen, Denmark
- 2002 - Springboard Bergisel, Innsbruck, Austria
- 2001 - Hoenheim-North station and car park, Strasbourg, France
- 1998 - Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- 1994 - Fire station of the designer furniture manufacturer Vitra, Weil am Rhein, Germany
Other works
- 2008 - Shoe design development for Lacoste and the Brazilian company Melissa
- 2007 - Project of an ideal house, presented at Imm Cologne 2007 (Cologne, Germany)
- 1999-2000 - Art design for the Pet Shop Boys world tour
- 2000 - Sofas and table, Z-series,
- 1999 - Mind Zone under the Millennium Dome, London, UK
- 1992 - Design of the exhibition "The Great Utopia" at the Guggenheim Museum, New York, USA
- 1990 - Interior of the Moonjun restaurant in Sapporo, Japan
- Furniture and silverware design for Sawaya and Moroni
Projects
- Expocentre, Moscow, Russia, 2006
- 2006 - Library of the University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- 2006 - Spiral Tower, Barcelona, Spain
- 2006 - Kartal - development of a business district in Istanbul, Türkiye
- 2006 - Issam Fares Institute of Politics and International Relations, Beirut, Lebanon
- 2005 - Picturesque Tower, Moscow, Russia
- 2005 - Architectural Trust Building, London, UK
- 2005 - Bridge Pavilion, Zaragoza, Spain
- 2005 - Eleftheria Square. Reconstruction, Nicosia, Republic of Cyprus
- 2005 - Sports complex for water sports, London, UK
- 2005 - Opera House, Guangzhou, China
- 2004 - Club with concert hall, Basel, Switzerland
- 2007-2011 - Shopping mall Dongdaemun and surrounding district of the same name in Seoul, South Korea
- 2009-2012 - Galaxy Soho Shopping and Entertainment Complex, Beijing, China
- 2009-2013 - Campus of the Vienna University of Economics, Vienna, Austria
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Excerpt characterizing Hadid, Zaha
Marya Dmitrievna, finding a tearful Sonya in the corridor, forced her to confess everything. Having intercepted Natasha’s note and read it, Marya Dmitrievna, with the note in her hand, went up to Natasha.“Bastard, shameless,” she told her. - I don’t want to hear anything! - Pushing away Natasha, who was looking at her with surprised but dry eyes, she locked it and ordered the janitor to let through the gate those people who would come that evening, but not to let them out, and ordered the footman to bring these people to her, sat down in the living room, waiting kidnappers.
When Gavrilo came to report to Marya Dmitrievna that the people who had come had run away, she stood up with a frown and folded her hands back, walked around the rooms for a long time, thinking about what she should do. At 12 o'clock at night, feeling the key in her pocket, she went to Natasha's room. Sonya sat in the corridor, sobbing.
- Marya Dmitrievna, let me see her for God’s sake! - she said. Marya Dmitrievna, without answering her, unlocked the door and entered. “It’s disgusting, nasty... In my house... A vile girl... I just feel sorry for my father!” thought Marya Dmitrievna, trying to quench her anger. “No matter how difficult it is, I’ll tell everyone to be silent and hide it from the count.” Marya Dmitrievna entered the room with decisive steps. Natasha lay on the sofa, covering her head with her hands, and did not move. She lay in the same position in which Marya Dmitrievna had left her.
- Good, very good! - said Marya Dmitrievna. - In my house, lovers can make dates! There's no point in pretending. You listen when I talk to you. - Marya Dmitrievna touched her hand. - You listen when I talk. You have disgraced yourself like a very lowly girl. I would do that to you, but I feel sorry for your father. I'll hide it. – Natasha did not change her position, but only her whole body began to jump up from silent, convulsive sobs that choked her. Marya Dmitrievna looked back at Sonya and sat down on the sofa next to Natasha.
- He’s lucky that he left me; “Yes, I will find him,” she said in her rough voice; – Do you hear what I’m saying? - She faked hers big hand under Natasha's face and turned her towards her. Both Marya Dmitrievna and Sonya were surprised to see Natasha’s face. Her eyes were shiny and dry, her lips were pursed, her cheeks were drooping.
“Leave... those... that I... I... will die...” she said, with an angry effort she tore herself away from Marya Dmitrievna and lay down in her previous position.
“Natalya!...” said Marya Dmitrievna. - I wish you well. You lie down, just lie there, I won’t touch you, and listen... I won’t tell you how guilty you are. You know it yourself. Well, now your father is coming tomorrow, what will I tell him? A?
Again Natasha's body shook with sobs.
- Well, he will find out, well, your brother, groom!
“I don’t have a fiance, I refused,” Natasha shouted.
“It doesn’t matter,” continued Marya Dmitrievna. - Well, they’ll find out, so why leave it like that? After all, he, your father, I know him, after all, if he challenges him to a duel, will it be good? A?
- Oh, leave me alone, why did you interfere with everything! For what? For what? who asked you? - Natasha shouted, sitting up on the sofa and looking angrily at Marya Dmitrievna.
- What did you want? - Marya Dmitrievna cried out again, getting excited, - why did they lock you up? Well, who stopped him from going to the house? Why should they take you away like some kind of gypsy?... Well, if he had taken you away, what do you think, he wouldn’t have been found? Your father, or brother, or fiancé. And he’s a scoundrel, a scoundrel, that’s what!
“He’s better than all of you,” Natasha cried, standing up. - If you hadn’t interfered... Oh, my God, what is this, what is this! Sonya, why? Go away!... - And she began to sob with such despair with which people only mourn such grief, which they feel themselves to be the cause of. Marya Dmitrievna began to speak again; but Natasha shouted: “Go away, go away, you all hate me, you despise me.” – And again she threw herself on the sofa.
Marya Dmitrievna continued for some time to admonish Natasha and convince her that all this must be hidden from the count, that no one would find out anything if only Natasha took it upon herself to forget everything and not show to anyone that anything had happened. Natasha didn't answer. She didn’t cry anymore, but she began to feel chills and trembling. Marya Dmitrievna put a pillow on her, covered her with two blankets and brought her some lime blossom herself, but Natasha did not respond to her. “Well, let him sleep,” said Marya Dmitrievna, leaving the room, thinking that she was sleeping. But Natasha did not sleep and stopped with open eyes from her pale face she looked straight ahead. All that night Natasha did not sleep, and did not cry, and did not speak to Sonya, who got up and approached her several times.
The next day, for breakfast, as Count Ilya Andreich had promised, he arrived from the Moscow region. He was very cheerful: the deal with the buyer was going well and nothing was keeping him now in Moscow and in separation from the countess, whom he missed. Marya Dmitrievna met him and told him that Natasha had become very unwell yesterday, that they had sent for a doctor, but that she was better now. Natasha did not leave her room that morning. With pursed, cracked lips, dry, fixed eyes, she sat by the window and restlessly peered at those passing along the street and hurriedly looked back at those entering the room. She was obviously waiting for news about him, waiting for him to come or write to her.
When the count came up to her, she turned restlessly at the sound of his man’s steps, and her face took on its former cold and even angry expression. She didn't even get up to meet him.
– What’s wrong with you, my angel, are you sick? - asked the count. Natasha was silent.
“Yes, I’m sick,” she answered.
In response to the count's worried questions about why she was so killed and whether anything had happened to her fiancé, she assured him that nothing was wrong and asked him not to worry. Marya Dmitrievna confirmed Natasha’s assurances to the Count that nothing had happened. The count, judging by the imaginary illness, by the disorder of his daughter, by the embarrassed faces of Sonya and Marya Dmitrievna, clearly saw that something was going to happen in his absence: but he was so scared to think that something shameful had happened to his beloved daughter, he He loved his cheerful calm so much that he avoided asking questions and kept trying to assure himself that nothing special had happened and was only grieving that due to her ill health their departure to the village had been postponed.
From the day his wife arrived in Moscow, Pierre was preparing to go somewhere, just so as not to be with her. Soon after the Rostovs arrived in Moscow, the impression that Natasha made on him made him hasten to fulfill his intention. He went to Tver to see the widow of Joseph Alekseevich, who promised long ago to give him the papers of the deceased.
When Pierre returned to Moscow, he was given a letter from Marya Dmitrievna, who called him to her place on a very important matter concerning Andrei Bolkonsky and his fiancee. Pierre avoided Natasha. It seemed to him that he had a feeling for her stronger than that which a married man should have for the bride of his friend. And some kind of fate constantly brought him together with her.
“What happened? And what do they care about me? he thought as he got dressed to go to Marya Dmitrievna. Prince Andrei would come quickly and marry her!” thought Pierre on the way to Akhrosimova.
On Tverskoy Boulevard someone called out to him.
- Pierre! How long have you arrived? – a familiar voice shouted to him. Pierre raised his head. In a pair of sleighs, on two gray trotters throwing snow at the tops of the sleigh, Anatole flashed by with his constant companion Makarin. Anatole sat upright, in the classic pose of military dandies, covering the bottom of his face with a beaver collar and bending his head slightly. His face was ruddy and fresh, his hat with a white plume was put on one side, revealing his hair, curled, pomaded and sprinkled with fine snow.
“And rightly so, here is a real sage! thought Pierre, he sees nothing beyond the present moment of pleasure, nothing disturbs him, and that is why he is always cheerful, content and calm. What would I give to be like him!” Pierre thought with envy.
In Akhrosimova’s hallway, the footman, taking off Pierre’s fur coat, said that Marya Dmitrievna was being asked to come to her bedroom.
Opening the door to the hall, Pierre saw Natasha sitting by the window with a thin, pale and angry face. She looked back at him, frowned and with an expression of cold dignity left the room.
- What's happened? - Pierre asked, entering Marya Dmitrievna.
“Good deeds,” answered Marya Dmitrievna: “I’ve lived fifty-eight years in the world, I’ve never seen such shame.” - And taking Pierre’s word of honor to remain silent about everything that he learns, Marya Dmitrievna informed him that Natasha refused her fiancé without the knowledge of her parents, that the reason for this refusal was Anatol Kuragin, with whom her wife set Pierre up, and with whom she wanted to run away in the absence of his father, in order to get married secretly.
Pierre, with his shoulders raised and his mouth open, listened to what Marya Dmitrievna was telling him, not believing his ears. The bride of Prince Andrei, so much loved, this formerly sweet Natasha Rostova, should exchange Bolkonsky for the fool Anatole, already married (Pierre knew the secret of his marriage), and fall in love with him so much as to agree to run away with him! “Pierre couldn’t understand this and couldn’t imagine it.”
The sweet impression of Natasha, whom he had known since childhood, could not combine in his soul with the new idea of her baseness, stupidity and cruelty. He remembered his wife. “They are all the same,” he said to himself, thinking that he was not the only one who had the sad fate of being associated with a nasty woman. But he still felt sorry for Prince Andrey to the point of tears, he felt sorry for his pride. And the more he felt sorry for his friend, the more contempt and even disgust he thought about this Natasha, who now walked past him in the hall with such an expression of cold dignity. He did not know that Natasha’s soul was filled with despair, shame, humiliation, and that it was not her fault that her face accidentally expressed calm dignity and severity.
- Yes, how to get married! - Pierre said in response to Marya Dmitrievna’s words. - He couldn’t get married: he’s married.
“It’s not getting any easier hour by hour,” said Marya Dmitrievna. - Good boy! That's a bastard! And she waits, she waits for the second day. At least he will stop waiting, I must tell her.
Having learned from Pierre the details of Anatole's marriage, pouring out her anger on him with abusive words, Marya Dmitrievna told him what she had called him for. Marya Dmitrievna was afraid that the count or Bolkonsky, who could arrive at any moment, having learned the matter that she intended to hide from them, would challenge Kuragin to a duel, and therefore asked him to order his brother-in-law on her behalf to leave Moscow and not dare show himself to her on the eyes. Pierre promised her to fulfill her wish, only now realizing the danger that threatened the old count, Nikolai, and Prince Andrei. Having briefly and precisely stated her requirements to him, she released him into the living room. - Look, the count doesn’t know anything. “You act like you don’t know anything,” she told him. - And I’ll go tell her that there’s nothing to wait for! “Yes, stay for dinner if you want,” Marya Dmitrievna shouted to Pierre.
The female architect, whose name is Zaha Hadid, is considered one of the most original, unusual and most successful modern architects peace. We can say that Zaha Hadid is a modern Gaudi. This author is called a real genius, and her buildings and structures are the most unusual shapes are located in many countries around the world and still continue to be built according to the crazy plans of a talented creator.
Zaha Hadid - Arab architect, born in 1950 in Baghdad. Currently resides in Britain and is considered both an Arab and British architect. She holds the title of Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire. The style of her works refers to deconstructivism. Deconstructivism is a striking contrast to the polished and carefully planned constructivism. We can say that deconstructivism is surrealism in architecture. Often these are very complex shapes of objects with broken and irregular lines. Also, this style is characterized by an invasion of the urban area in the most aggressive way, that is, among ordinary residential buildings, a building made of glass rises, or among the flat buildings, a low and crooked house suddenly appears, which looks like a lump of crumpled paper, and so on, and it is located in such unexpected places What seems to be is not the plan of the builders, but the building fell here accidentally and completely by accident. Zaha Hadid is a real talent. She became one of the most prominent figures in the style described above. Her houses and buildings are so highly regarded that in 2004 she received the Pritzker Prize, which is equal in importance Nobel Prize or the Pulitzer Prize. Zaha Hadid was awarded in St. Petersburg, in the Hermitage building.
As already mentioned, its buildings and structures are located in different countries of the world, including Russia: a futuristic mansion on Rublevo-Uspenskoye Highway in Moscow, the Dominion Tower business center in Moscow in the Dubrovka area and others. In addition, her small works are in museums such as the German DAM Museum, etc. Zaha Hadid works with installations, creates theatrical scenery, experimental furniture, shoe design, paints, and does interior design.
Zaha Hadid
40-storey hotel in Macau, China
Opus Office Tower in Abu Dhabi, UAE
Residential building in Manhattan, USA
Golden metro station in Riyadh
Changsha International Center for Culture and Art in China
Multipurpose complex Beko Masterplan in Belgrade
Riverside Transport Museum in Glasgow
Skyscrapers Signature Towers in Dubai, UAE
Tokyo Olympic Stadium 2020, Japan
Burnham Pavilions in Chicago, USA
Polytechnic University in Hong Kong, China
Today, May 31, Google decided to dedicate another Doodle to Zaha Hadid, a star of the architectural world. It took her a lot of work to reach such heights. Marie Claire explored every spectrum of the Iraqi-born British architect's life.
Zaha Hadid's dark eyes always revealed intractability and a tough character. If you tried to call her a “female architect,” you would hear an indignant response: “I’m not a female architect, I’m an architect!” As an Arab and Muslim, it was doubly difficult for her not only to break into the elite of the architectural world, but to win the trust of those on whom it depended whether her, at first glance, crazy projects would come to life.
If you've ever seen Hadid's design, you're unlikely to confuse it with something else: curved lines, in a paroxysm rushing parallel to each other, which bend into some completely unearthly forms - this is approximately how a person far from architecture can describe what he saw. Hadid is a laureate of the Pritzker Prize (analogous to the Nobel Prize in architecture) and the first woman and Muslim to receive it, holder of the title Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire.
But this is now, and once she was a little Arab girl, born in Baghdad into the family of the head of the National Democratic Party of Iraq. At that time, progressive sentiment was in the air in the country, now torn apart. Zaha first received her mathematics education at the American University of Beirut. But she soon realized that her area of interest lay in architecture, and in 1972 she went to the UK to attend the Architectural Association School in London.
OPEN SPACE
London became her home - Zaha was convinced that this wonderful city had changed over the past thirty years. He opened many doors for her. It was there that she met the Dutchman Rem Koolhaas, one of the most outstanding architects modernity and the theorist of deconstructionism, who became her teacher.
Zaha's graduation project was a plan for a hotel-bridge over the Thames, inspired by her love of the avant-garde and the work of Kazimir Malevich. Koolhaas called Zaha “a planet in its own orbit,” and after graduating from architecture school in 1977, he invited him to work in his own bureau, OMA.
“Diplomacy is not my best talent,” Hadid laughed, remembering that time. – I don't play games with people. When Koolhaas offered me a job, I, new to the business, said that I would only join them as a partner. To which I received the answer: if I am a silent partner, then please. But I didn’t agree with this!”
In 1980, after just three years of working for Koolhaas, Zaha founded her own architectural firm, Zaha Hadid Architects. While studying in London she learned main idea– you must have an idea and a concept for its implementation. Hadid's ideas were radical and seemingly impossible to implement if it weren't for engineer Peter Rice, who helped accomplish the miracle of figuring out how to bring them to life.
In addition to her main job, Zaha began teaching: over the years of her career, she taught students at Harvard, Yale, and universities in New York, Chicago, Columbus, Hamburg and Vienna. “I don’t think architecture can be taught,” Hadid said. “You can only inspire people.” When I first started teaching, my students were mostly boys, but now there are a lot of girls, who are often the best students in the group. But it remains a mystery to me where they go afterwards. Maybe they are let down by self-doubt or vanity, or the difficulties they face at work, I can’t say.”
The mid-90s could have been the end of the architect's career. Her project Opera House in Cardiff won a competition (where her teacher, Rem Koolhaas, also participated), but due to behind-the-scenes intrigues and rejection of progressive design by critics and the reactive population, she did not receive funding. This was one of the most difficult lessons in the life of Zaha, who, together with 10-20 like-minded people, did not give up and continued her work.
Since the beginning of the new century, the situation has changed dramatically - Hadid’s company had no end to clients, and one after another its projects were brought to reality on opposite ends of the world. However, dissatisfied voices continued to be heard: Zakha was accused of collaborating with authoritarian regimes (the Heydar Aliyev Center was built in Baku based on her design) and indifference to the people who worked on the construction sites of her buildings.
The project of a football stadium in Qatar, the construction of which was supposed to begin in 2015, was considered life-threatening in advance: in 2014, illegal workers from India and Nepal died during the construction of similar facilities. Zaha denied all accusations and said that she is always concerned about people (in particular, compatriots who find themselves in a military conflict zone), but she is not able to control everything.
SIGNS OF CIVILIZATION
In addition to creating installations (for example, the Chanel mobile pavilion), paintings and large forms, Zaha also took on small ones, which required much less time, but no less creative effort. These works often fell into museum collections, for example, the MoMA Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Chairs and tables - with honeycombs, similar to spare parts from the “liquid” Terminator, or water turned into ice in dynamics, ribbed vases with smooth curves, three-dimensional chandeliers, mesh jewelry, 3D-printed shoes - everything that Hadid did, like an invention of extraterrestrial intelligence, beautiful in its sterile harmony, frozen at the highest notes.
She always strived for the future, aware of the past, but without much ceremony with it.
For example, Zaha considered Rome, where one of her favorite projects, the National Museum of Art XXI (MAXXI), was built, to be “paralyzed by its history and in need of intervention.”