Charushin Evgeniy Ivanovich
Performed:
student 2b gr.,
Ustyantseva Ksenia
Zhenya Charushin's favorite reading was books about animal life.
One day his father gave him 7 heavy volumes for his birthday. It was A.E. Brem's book “The Life of Animals”.
The most expensive book for Charushin. He treasured it and re-read it all his life.
Born in the Urals, in Vyatka, in the family of the architect Ivan Apollonovich Charushin.
After graduating from high school, where he studied with Yuri Vasnetsov, he was drafted into the Red Army.
He returned home and decided to study to become a professional artist.
1922 – 1927
He entered the painting department at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts (VKHUTEIN).
With the help of S.Ya. Marshak, he began to write books himself.
Famous artist and writer, artist - animal painter, illustrator.
Books:
"Volchishko and others" (1931), "Vaska" (1934),
“About the Magpie” (1936)
“Chicks” (1930), “Roundup” (1931),
“Chicken City” (1931), “Jungle - Bird Paradise” (1931),
“Animals of Hot Countries” (1935).
Charushin wrote about animals, birds, hunting, and children.
The heroes are kind and charming.
They easily enter the fairy-tale world.
The artist loved to depict baby animals - fluffy, soft and still completely helpless.
IN primary school studied:
1st grade - “Why was Tyupa nicknamed Tyupa”;
"Rabbit".
2nd grade - “A scary story.”
4th grade – “Boar”.
Conclusion: The animal world in the midst of pristine nature is Charushin’s homeland. All his life he talked about it and painted this wondrous vanished world, trying to preserve and pass on its soul to his children.
He treated his readers with great respect. He was pleased that the animals he drew were liked not by critics and editors, but by kids. Considering Charushin’s books, we can safely say that both the texts and illustrations to them reflect a single, integral inner world their creator. His stories and drawings are strict, concise, educational and understandable even to a small child.
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Biography Charushin - artist E.I. Charushin - writer and artist Life and work of a writer
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Childhood years The future writer and artist was born in Vyatka in the family of a provincial architect. The mother played a huge role in shaping the boy’s personality. Together with her, he went into the forest, brought from there various interesting plants, then turning a small garden near the house into a real miracle. How many different animals visited their village two-story house! And I wanted more and more - well, at least a giraffe or a tapir. THANKS TO MY CHILDHOOD!”
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Charushin grew up, by his own definition, “with a pencil and brush in his hands.” At the age of fourteen, Charushin, with his friends, organized a union of poets and artists with the cheerful, awkward name “Sopokhud” (Union of Poets and Artists). True, he didn’t do well with poetry. Another thing is the drawings. Charushin grew up, by his own definition, “with a pencil and brush in his hands.” And in his drawings most often there were the same dogs, bears and other wonderful animals.
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Years of study Very early on, the future writer felt the desire to preserve the fleeting moment of what he saw - “drawing came to the rescue... The artist in me was born, after all, earlier than the writer. The right words they came later." It was not surprising that, after graduating from school, Evgeny Charushin entered the Petrograd Academy of Arts, which he graduated from in 1926 in the painting department.
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During the war, Charushin lived in his native Kirov. He painted posters and designed performances at the Kirov Drama Theater. He also painted one of the city’s kindergartens, turning it into a real fairy kingdom. In 1945, Evgeny Ivanovich returned to Leningrad. And again he worked on books and drawings. Already a famous illustrator, he tried his hand at sculpture. And the Charushin porcelain hare with a carrot was as warm, soft and like the painted “little animals”. CREATIVITY DURING THE WAR YEARS
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Charushin E. - ARTIST He was attracted by many things at that time: music and poetry, theater and painting. And for a constant passion for invention, friends awarded young artist nickname "Evgesha the inventor". Together with these friends, “Evgesha” went on extraordinary exotic trips around Altai or simply hunting and fishing in the nearby forests.
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Illustrations by Charushin And, of course, he drew. I even bought one work Tretyakov Gallery. In 1928, the first book with Charushin’s illustrations was published (V. Bianchi’s story “Murzuk”). It was followed by a number of others, among which were two of his own picture books, Free Birds and Various Animals.
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E.I. Charushin - writer and artist His first own book with words was the story "Schur" (1930). Charushin strove to “understand the animal - to understand its movements and facial expressions.” And convey it in drawing and word. There is no fairy-tale fiction in his stories. Animals do not do what is not natural for them. But that doesn't make the books any less interesting.
An important condition in the work of familiarizing preschoolers with the work of E.I. Charushin is the involvement of parents.
Parent survey.
To determine whether parents read books to their children, what children prefer to listen to.
"Round table" with the participation of parents and children.
Discuss goals and objectives. To generate interest among parents in creating conditions for introducing children to the works of E.I. Charushin.
Library selection.
To develop children's interest in the works of E.I. Charushina.
Campaign “Give a book to a kindergarten” (works about nature).
Fill your library with books about nature. Continue to create a desire among parents and children to take part in events.
Design of the parent corner “Charushin’s World”: posting articles, recommendations on the topic of the project. (in the form of a wall newspaper).
Educate parents.
Selection of visual teaching aids, demonstration materials for classes, sets of toys of animals, birds, insects.
Create conditions for demonstrating the works of E.I. Charushin.
Making cards (riddles, proverbs, sayings, folk signs, observations).
Form search activities when working with literature.
Creating a corner for educational games, mini-quizzes, crosswords, riddles.
Help broaden children's horizons and develop cognitive interest.
The work of Evgeny Charushin, humane and kind, has delighted several generations of young readers and taught children to love. Magic world birds and animals.
Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin, whose biography is presented in this article, is a graphic artist and writer. The years of his life are 1901-1965. On October 29, 1901, Evgeniy Charushin was born in Vyatka. His photo is presented below.
Evgeniy Ivanovich’s father, Charushin Ivan Apollonovich, is a provincial architect, one of the best architects in the Urals. More than 300 buildings in Izhevsk, Sarapul, Vyatka were built according to his designs. Like any architect, he was a good draftsman. The family of Ivan Apollonovich lived very amicably. Artists and musicians often gathered in the house. Parents have instilled in their son since childhood
Charushin's favorite book
Eugene's favorite reading was books about our little brothers. “The Life of Animals” by A.E. Brem was the most dear and beloved to him. He treasured it and re-read it all his life. The fact that the aspiring artist depicted everything more birds yes animals, there is a significant share of Brem's influence. Charushin began to draw early. The aspiring artist went to a taxidermy workshop located nearby, or watched animals at home.
"Sopohud"
At the age of 14, he and his comrades organized the union of artists and poets “Sopokhud”. Evgeny s youth I wanted to capture what I saw in order to preserve the rapidly changing world. And drawing came to the rescue. Evgeniy Ivanovich said that the artist was born in him earlier than the writer. Somewhat later the right words came.
Work in the Political Department of the headquarters, study at the Academy of Arts
In 1918, Evgeny Charushin graduated high school in Vyatka. He studied there together with Then Evgeniy Ivanovich was drafted into the army. Here they decided to use him “in his specialty” - he was appointed assistant decorator in the Political Department of the headquarters. Having served 4 years, almost all civil war, Evgeniy Ivanovich returned home only in 1922.
He decided to study to be an artist. In winter he studied in the workshops of the Vyatka Provincial Military Commissariat, and in the same year, in the fall, he entered the VKHUTEIN (Petrograd Academy of Arts), the painting department. Evgeny Charushin studied here for five years, from 1922 to 1927. His teachers were A. Karaev, M. Matyushin, A. Savinov, A. Rylov. However, as Evgeniy Ivanovich later recalled, these were the most fruitless years for him. Charushin was not interested in the search for a new word in painting, as well as academic drawing. It was much more pleasant to go to the bird market or the zoo. The young artist at that time loved to dress in fashion. According to the recollections of Valentin Kurdov, his close friend, he wore colorful stockings and knee socks, and wore a short, colorful coat of dog fur.
Travel, work at the Leningrad State Publishing House
Taking advantage of V. Bianchi’s advice, in 1924 Evgeny Charushin went to Altai in an amusing trip together with Valentin Kurdov and Nikolai Kostrov.
In 1926, Charushin went to work at the Leningrad State Publishing House, in the children's department, which he was in charge of. famous artist. In those years, artists were tasked with creating for little residents Soviet Union fundamentally new books, highly artistic, but at the same time educational and informative. Lebedev liked Charushin’s painted animals, and he began to support him in every possible way in his creative quest.
Collaboration in magazines, first illustrations for books
Evgeniy Ivanovich by that time (since 1924) was already working at Murzilka, a children's magazine. A little later, he began working in "Hedgehog" (from 1928 to 1935) and in "Chizh" (from 1930 to 1941). Evgeny Charushin received his first order from the Leningrad State Publishing House in 1928 - to prepare the story “Murzuk” by V. V. Bianki. The very first book with his drawings attracted the attention of both young readers and experts. book graphics. An illustration from it was acquired by the State Tretyakov Gallery itself.
Charushin illustrated several more books in 1929: “Free Birds”, “Wild Beasts”, “How a Bear Became a Big Bear”. These works fully demonstrated Evgeny Charushin’s extraordinary skill in conveying the habits of animals. Orphaned little bear cub sitting on a branch; a ruffled crow about to peck at a bone; wild boars wandering with babies... All this and much more is drawn expressively, brightly, but at the same time succinctly and concisely. The artist, creating the image of the animal, was able to highlight the most important, characteristic features.
The first stories of Evgeny Charushin
Many illustrations were made by Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin. Works by Bianchi, as well as S. Ya. Marshak, M. M. Prishvin and others. famous writers His drawings attracted many readers. At the same time, at Marshak’s insistence, he tried to write short children’s stories about the lives of animals himself. His first story appeared in 1930 (“Schur”). Already in this work, not only an excellent knowledge of the characters of various animals was revealed, but also a sense of humor. In all the other stories of Evgeniy Ivanovich, one can also feel a mischievous, soft, slightly ironic, or kindly condescending smile. Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin is an illustrator and writer who sought to understand animals, their facial expressions and movements. His accumulated experience helped him convey this in words and illustrations. There is no fiction in what Evgeniy Ivanovich created - animals always do what is natural for them.
New books by Charushin and illustrations for them
Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin, whose paintings were very famous at that time, began to illustrate his own own compositions: “Different animals” (1930), “Wolf and others”, “Nikitka and his friends”, “About Tomka”, “About big and small”, “My first zoology”, “Vaska”, “Bear cubs”, “ About the Magpie”, etc. However, this turned out to be the most difficult, since, by Evgeniy Ivanovich’s own admission, it was much easier for him to illustrate other people’s texts than his own. In the 1930s, Charushin was recognized as one of the best artists, specializing in children's books. At that time, its design had already developed into a separate direction in art. M. Gorky spoke very warmly about Charushin’s stories. Working in the technique of color or monochrome watercolor drawing, Evgeniy Ivanovich recreated an entire landscape environment with one light, dynamic spot. His stories about animals are elegant and lexically simple.
More about Charushin's work
Charushin treated his readers with great respect. He was glad that the animals he drew were liked not by editors and critics, but by kids. Looking at Charushin’s books, we can safely say that both the illustrations and the texts themselves reflect the integral, unified inner world of their creator. The drawings and stories are informative, concise, strict and understandable to anyone, even small child. In the collection "Chicks" (1930), consisting of short stories about owlets, corncrakes, and hazel grouse, Evgeniy Charushin masterfully highlights the most striking and memorable features of the characters.
Charushin knew the habits of animals very well. In his illustrations he depicted them with extraordinary character and precision. Each of his drawings is individual, in each of them the character is depicted with his own special character, which corresponds to a particular situation. Charushin solved this problem responsibly. He said that if there is no image, there is nothing to depict. Charushinsky animals are emotional and touching. The background and environment are barely outlined in his early books. The main thing is to show the animal close-up, but it’s not easy to create artistic image, but also to portray the hero as truthfully as possible. Evgeniy Ivanovich did not like animals that were poorly drawn from a biological point of view. He also believed that drawings in a children's book should be breathing, alive. Evgeny Charushin did not like Ivan Bilibin, believing that he was not engaged in drawing, but in coloring dead, cold contours.
Many textures create the picturesque images of Charushin’s animals, which masterfully convey the fur of an animal and the feathers of a bird. Create picturesque textures, complex drawings It was most convenient to use the lithography technique. Most often the artist used natural pastel shades. He did not recognize lithographic rules and laws, temperamentally moving a pencil, scratching the lithographic stone with a razor and a needle. Many times Evgeniy Ivanovich could glue over the missing parts in the drawing or cover them with whitewash.
Evgeniy Charushin created about 20 books in the pre-war period. His biography was marked by the appearance of the following works: 1930 - “Chicks”; in 1931 - “Wolf and Others”, “Chicken City”, “Roundup”, “Jungle - Bird Paradise”; in 1935 - At the same time, he continued to illustrate such authors as S. Ya. Marshak, V. V. Bianchi, M. M. Prishvin, A. I. Vvedensky.
War years
During the war, Charushin was evacuated from Leningrad to Kirov (Vyatka), his homeland. Here he created paintings on partisan themes, painted posters, designed performances, and painted walls. kindergarten and the foyer of the House of Schoolchildren and Pioneers, taught children drawing.
Charushin Evgeny Ivanovich: brief biography of the post-war years
The artist returned to Leningrad in 1945. In addition to working on books, he began creating a series of prints depicting animals. Charushin became interested in sculpture even before the war. He painted tea sets, and then, already in Peaceful time, created porcelain animal figurines and even whole decorative groups. He tried a different approach to the design of books for children. Perspective began to appear in Charushin’s drawings, and space began to be designated. The technique also changed: he began to work in watercolor and gouache, but not with broad strokes, but working very carefully on small details. In 1945, Charushin became an Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
The last book he illustrated was “Children in a Cage” by Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak. Charushin's works have now been translated into many languages. former USSR, as well as a number foreign countries. His prints, illustrations, books, and porcelain sculptures were exhibited at exhibitions in Paris, London, and Sofia. The total circulation of Evgeny Charushin's books exceeds 60 million copies.
On February 18, 1965, Evgeniy Charushin died in Leningrad. He was buried at the Bogoslovskoye cemetery.