(Greek eklgo, “I choose”), a combination of different, sometimes opposing views, theoretical premises, value judgments, etc. As a methodological technique consisting in the unsystematic collection and combination of various information and knowledge, eclecticism was used in late Greek philosophy.
Elegiac distic · combination of hexameter and pentameter (five-dimensional verse). The latter is actually a type of hexameter and is, as it were, composed of doubling the first two and a half feet of the hexameter: -vv-vv-||-vv-vv-
Epigram ·(Greek epigramma, “inscription”), a type of satirical poetry, a short poem ridiculing a person or social phenomenon. IN Ancient Greece originally - a genre of lyric-epic poetry, a short inscription on objects, made. Already at this stage distinguishing feature epigrams - relative brevity and the presence of a subjective element, the ever-increasing role of the author's assessment in the depiction of a person, event, phenomenon. In Roman literature, starting from the 1st century BC. and further, the role of exposure in the epigram increases, it becomes a type of satire.
You can read more about the epigram in the chapter in the textbook by N.A. Chistyakova, N.V. Vulikh, “History of Ancient Literature.”
Epikinium · piece of art, created to glorify winners.
This term is associated with the name of the Greek poet Pindar. Pindar's epinicia, often called odes, are very distinctive. At first glance, they consist of separate, unrelated parts. The epiniky usually begins with an indication of the reason for its execution, then it is noted that of the many applicants, only one was awarded the first award; this is followed by a description of the winner, a story about his family, accompanied by some myth associated with the homeland of the winner or with his legendary ancestors or similar to this event. The epinikic reasoning concludes general, often representing the reflections of the poet himself. In such an epinician structure, the glorification of an individual victory is combined with the entire complex of ideas and representations of the Pindaric world. The unity of the Epinikians of Pindar is not internal structure, and in deep interrelation individual parts, reflecting the poet’s worldview.
Epithet ·(Greek epitheton, “application”), a definition that gives an expression figurativeness and emotionality, emphasizing one of the characteristics of an object or one of the impressions of an object; here it is often used in the meaning of “name”, “nickname”.
Permanent epithet- a colorful definition, inextricably combined with the word being defined and forming a stable figurative and poetic expression (“blue sea”, “white stone chambers”, “red maiden”, “clear falcon”, “sugar lips”). Constant epithets found mainly in folk poetry.
Eponym ·(from the Greek eponymos, “name giver”), a god, hero or person, the ancestor of an area, tribe, city, etc., from whose name its name is derived.
Epic ·(from Greek epos, “word”), one of three genders fiction(along with and ), a narrative characterized by the depiction of events external to the author.
In the narrow sense of the word - folk epic, a specific folk poetic variety of narrative works in prose and poetry. How oral creativity the epic is inseparable from the performing art of the singer, whose skill is based on following traditions.
The archaic type of epic is mythical tales and legends. With this view ancient epic its subsequent, classical type is connected - the historical-heroic epic. Its example is the Iliad. Unlike the previous epic of this type, it is historically specific and reproduces the norms of heroic human behavior in a monumental, idealized form.
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one of the tropes of folk poetry: a definition word that is consistently combined with one or another defined word and denotes some characteristic, always present in the subject generic sign(Pillar path, red maiden, good fellow, blue sea, clean field, black clouds). Such P. e. (see epithet) were a means of typification. Moreover, a word used with P. e. acquires a new quality, a meaning that differs in meaning from each of the words separately. The combination red maiden means “ beautiful girl, no different from others in anything special: neither more beautiful, nor smarter, nor richer than others.” If an ancient storyteller or singer needed to characterize the special properties of his characters, he looked for an epithet of an individualizing nature. Prince Vladimir, who is planning to get married, wants to find a bride worthy of his princely title, and creates the image of an ideal, from his point of view, girl: As if that girl were stately in figure, stately in figure and accomplished in mind, her white face, as if white snow... The role of P. e. in folklore is huge. They are one of the main means artistic expression epics and songs, tales and legends. Some P. e. widely used in all types of folklore: good fellow, the field is clean, the sea is blue, the forests are dark, the meadows are green. Others are found primarily in certain genres of folk poetry, while performing specific ideological and artistic functions. For example, P. e. is widely used in fairy tales. fantastic character: golden palace, crystal bridge, underground kingdom, firebird, flying carpet. In the epics of P. e. serve as an important means in creating images of heroes, describing their armor and the situation of battles: a mighty hero, a good horse, a red-hot arrow, a damask club. In contrast to the epic genres of folklore, where P. e. play a mainly descriptive and figurative role; in folk poetry, the function of poetic e.g. predominantly expressive, emotional and evaluative. For example, in traditional lyrical songs the following emotional and evaluative E. are often found: dear mother, dear father, dear friend, soul-maiden, poor little head, burning tears. P. e. are specific. ditties: cheerful little girl, dear fun, sweet drolya, desperate little head. P. e. found in epic poetry different nations. Thus, Homer’s “Iliad” is characterized by P. e.: cloud-catcher Zeus, pink-fingered Eos, silver-legged Thetis. Lit.: Epithet in Russian folk art. - M., 1980; Lazutin S.G. Poetics of Russian folklore. - M., 1981; see also lit. to the article Epithet. L.E. Tu mine
Permanent epithet
a definition word that is consistently combined with one or another defined word. Denotes a characteristic, always present sign.
Example:
red maiden, desperate little head,
red-hot arrow, clear field,
dark forests
“Some constant epithets are widely used in all types of folklore: “good fellow”, “clean field”, “blue sea”. Others are found mainly in certain genres of folk poetry, while performing specific ideological and artistic functions. For example, in fairy tales Constant epithets of a fantastic nature are widely used: “golden palace”, “crystal bridge” (S. Lazutin).
"A special group of epithets includes constant epithets, which are used only in combination with one specific word: " living water", "good fellow." Constant epithets are characteristic of works of oral folk art" (L. Krupchanov).
Terminological dictionary-thesaurus in literary criticism. From allegory to iambic. - M.: Flinta, Science. N.Yu. Rusova. 2004.
Synonyms:See what a “permanent epithet” is in other dictionaries:
permanent epithet- noun, number of synonyms: 1 epithet (4) ASIS Dictionary of Synonyms. V.N. Trishin. 2013… Synonym dictionary
Permanent epithet- one of the tropes of folk poetry: a definition word that is consistently combined with one or another defined word and denotes in the subject some characteristic, always present generic sign (pole path, red maiden, well done... ... Pedagogical speech science
permanent epithet- CONSTANT EPITHET See epithet... Poetic dictionary
permanent epithet- s. In lexical stylistics: an epithet that is firmly associated with a noun or verb and indicates a normative feature of an object or action in a given picture of the world; found mainly in folklore texts. *The winds are violent, the sea... ... Educational dictionary of stylistic terms
permanent epithet- type of trope: a definition that is steadily combined with the word being defined and forms, in combination with it, a figuratively poetic expression: blue sea, good fellow, red maiden, red-hot arrow, sugar lips, burning tears, wide steppe, white... Dictionary literary terms
epithet- Cm … Synonym dictionary
epithet- a, m. épithète f. gr. epithetos attached. The simplest form of poetic trope, which is a definition that characterizes what kind of person. property, feature of an object, concept, phenomenon. ALS 1. Often from a change, omission or... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language
epithet- EPI´TET (Greek ἐπίθετον application) in the proper sense, a figurative characteristic of a person, phenomenon or object through an expressive metaphorical adjective. How artistic detail E. cannot be mixed with determinatives... ... Poetic dictionary
Epithet- (from the Greek epitheton application) an artistic, figurative definition of an object, i.e. one that not only indicates any of its qualities, but creates a picture, an image based on the transfer of meaning. So, in Pushkin’s lines: “On the winter road... Pedagogical speech science
epithet- a, m. 1) lit. A word that defines an object or phenomenon and emphasizes which words. its properties, qualities or characteristics. Pushkin meant by the name mob approximately the same thing as we do. He often attached the epithet secular to this noun,... ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language
one of the tropes of folk poetry: a definition word that is consistently combined with one or another defined word and designates in the subject some characteristic, always present generic sign (a pillar path, a red maiden, a good fellow, a blue sea, a clean field, black clouds) . Such P. e. (see epithet) were a means of typification. Moreover, a word used with P. e. acquires a new quality, a meaning that differs in meaning from each of the words separately. The combination red maiden means “a beautiful girl, no different from others: neither prettier, nor smarter, nor richer than others.” If an ancient storyteller or singer needed to characterize the special properties of his characters, he looked for an epithet of an individualizing nature. Prince Vladimir, who is planning to get married, wants to find a bride worthy of his princely title, and creates the image of an ideal, from his point of view, girl: As if that girl were stately in figure, stately in figure and accomplished in mind, her white face, as if white snow...
The role of P. e. in folklore is huge. They are one of the main means of artistic expression of epics and songs, tales and legends. Some P. e. are widely used in all types of folklore: good fellow, clean field, blue sea, dark forests, green meadows. Others are found primarily in certain genres of folk poetry, while performing specific ideological and artistic functions. For example, P. e. is widely used in fairy tales. fantastic character: golden palace, crystal bridge, underground kingdom, firebird, flying carpet. In the epics of P. e. serve as an important means in creating images of heroes, describing their armor and the situation of battles: a mighty hero, a good horse, a red-hot arrow, a damask club. In contrast to the epic genres of folklore, where P. e. play a mainly descriptive and figurative role; in folk poetry, the function of poetic e.g. predominantly expressive, emotional and evaluative. For example, in traditional lyrical songs the following emotional and evaluative E. are often found: dear mother, dear father, dear friend, soul-maiden, poor little head, burning tears. P. e. are specific. ditties: cheerful little girl, dear fun, sweet drolya, desperate little head.
P. e. found in the epic poetry of different peoples. Thus, Homer’s “Iliad” is characterized by P. e.: cloud-catcher Zeus, pink-fingered Eos, silver-legged Thetis.
Lit.: Epithet in Russian folk art. - M., 1980; Lazutin S.G. Poetics of Russian folklore. - M., 1981; see also lit. to the article Epithet.
"Permanent epithet" in books
Resident Gardener
by DeFelice JimResident Gardener Our sister platoon was in the eastern part of the city, helping the army establish a stronghold there. And to the north, the Marines were doing their job, occupying the territory and clearing it of militants. We worked with the Marines for several days when
Constant
From the book American Sniper by DeFelice JimConstant We had a memorial service for Mark Lee at Camp Ramadi. Navy SEALs came from all over Iraq. And I believe that all the army units with which we worked together also saw him off. They were very worried about us; it was impossible to believe. It's strong
Regular customer
From the book The Big Book of the Store Director 2.0. New technologies by Krok GulfiraPermanent route
From the book Methodology early development Glen Doman. From 0 to 4 years author Straube E. A.A Consistent Route When you first start running, respect your child's desire to explore everything you run past. Each stop is an opportunity to teach him something, and then be sure to return to running. Sooner or later the child will study the entire route and
Constantine (Latin for "permanent")
From the book The Secret male name author Khigir Boris YurievichKonstantin (lat. “permanent”) Growing up as a fearful, anxious child. Kindergarten, especially in the first days - problem, new teacher - tears, enter dark room- no way... Having matured, he skillfully hides his fears, choosing a humorous and ironic tone for this
Epithet
From book encyclopedic Dictionary(X-Z) author Brockhaus F.A.Epithet Epithet (Greek epiJetoV - superimposed, attached) is a term in literary theory: a definition of a word that affects its expressiveness. The content of this term is not stable and clear enough, despite its widespread use. The convergence of literary history
Constant capital
From the book Big Soviet Encyclopedia(KA) of the author TSBPermanent Neutrality
TSBD.C
From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (PO) by the author TSBPermanent magnet
From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (MA) by the author TSBEpithet
From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (EP) by the author TSBV. Verb - noun - epithet
From book Poetic art Mandelstam author Bushman Irina NikolaevnaV. Verb - noun - epithet A syntactic analysis of the sentences that make up Mandelstam's poems shows that they contain few adverbial words expressed by adverbs. This is not a random phenomenon. In the article “Notes on Chenier” Mandelstam writes:
Permanent Parent
author Makarov Viktor ViktorovichConstant Parent A person who acts primarily from the position of a Parent often perceives others as unreasonable little children. There are two most striking options for a permanent Parent. One with a predominance of the Punishing Parent, the other with the Encouraging Parent
Standing Adult
From the book Transactional Analysis - Eastern version author Makarov Viktor ViktorovichPermanent Adult The behavior of a person with a permanent Adult ego state is characterized by impartiality, focus on facts and logic. “Seabiscuit, robot, terminator” - such epithets are awarded to the Constant Adult, because he produces
Constant Child
From the book Transactional Analysis - Eastern version author Makarov Viktor ViktorovichThe Permanent Child A person who prefers the Child ego state is a perpetual boy or girl, like Peter Pan who did not want to grow up. The Permanent Child does not take responsibility for his own actions. Has no remorse and
IN school curriculum The epithet receives a lot of attention: entire lessons are devoted to it, from the fifth grade to the ninth. Epithet is important means of expression, used not only by writers, but also ordinary people V everyday speech. Perhaps they are not so ornate and do not represent any artistic value, but each of us uses them almost daily.
This figure of speech was actively used by poets and writers of the 18th and 19th centuries, thanks to whom the modern Russian language emerged. These are Pushkin, Derzhavin, Baratynsky and others. The epithet is artistic definition phenomenon or object, helping to more vividly imagine this object, to feel how the author relates to it. As we are used to saying - a colorful definition. The word in a figurative sense is an epithet. Examples: sad man - here the word is used in its literal meaning; sad weather- figuratively. Dictionaries give other, more detailed definitions.
Expanded definition of epithet
An epithet is a word or an entire expression that, thanks to its structure and special functions in the text, is capable of acquiring a new semantic connotation or even meaning, thus highlighting unique individual characteristics in the depicted object and forcing it to be evaluated from a new, unusual point of view.
An epithet can interact with any type of semantic transfer - metonymy, metaphor, hyperbole, oxymoron, etc., coloring the text in a certain tone. The expressive function of this figure of speech becomes most noticeable when it forms a synonymous (sometimes quasi-synonymous) series, in which each of its members shades or complements the epithet. Examples: dull, sad weather; sad, mournful reflection of withering.
Permanent epithet
One that, when combined with the defined word, forms a stable figurative and poetic expression. That is, these are phrases or phrases that, when we hear them, we no longer feel that they are an epithet. Examples: Golden autumn
, blue ocean. We find especially many constant epithets in folklore: red maiden, good fellow, clear field.
Grammatical form of epithets, its characteristics and functions
The opinions of philologists differ on these issues. Some are sure that only a definition expressed by an adjective can act as an epithet. Others are inclined to believe that the grammatical function of an epithet word can be different, the main thing being the defining position of another word. In other words, both a verb, an adverb, and a gerund under certain circumstances are an epithet. Examples: reigns ghostly(I. Brodsky), sneaking, playing hide and seek, the sky comes down(B. Pasternak). As we can see from the definition and explanations, epithets actually occur in everyday speech: don’t we talk about a gloomy sky or sad rain? These figures allow us to make our speech figurative and pleasant.