A professional photographer who is about to shoot a reportage usually arrives at the scene of the event in advance. If possible, he will definitely familiarize himself with the plan of the event, note for himself what must be photographed, what is desirable, what most likely will not be captured. While there are few people on site, he quickly notes for himself good shooting points, the possibility of moving, takes pictures of objects to which access may be limited in the future, etc. A novice school reporter can follow approximately the same plan of action.
Generally speaking, if there is no predisposition to photography, you can do this simply: place your finger on the shutter button and press it from time to time. Out of 200 pictures, 20 can always be selected. This method will suit everyone.
Another way is to try to imagine in your head coherent story and illustrate it. The story must include an answer to the questions what, where, when. “The holiday was in such and such a year ( exact date) in such and such a place. At first it was something like this. Then so-and-so spoke. Then there were blind man’s buffs.” And for each sentence, take a suitable photo, so that it cannot be confused: snow (which means winter), here we see the singing teacher, and here we see the blind man’s buff. The photograph should tell a prying eye everything itself, without words. However, small explanations will still be required when posting on the site: clarify the action, indicate last names, name of the game, etc. More on this in the final part; examples can be found.
All photography consists of three types of shooting: general plan, medium plan, close-up. You definitely need a preliminary photo that will show the general atmosphere and interior. You will also need a photograph that includes a small group of people - two or three, united by a common cause. And, of course, faces: if we are talking about a holiday, they should probably have a smile on them.
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The set of photographs will give everyone who was unable to attend the event the opportunity to form their own impression about it: was it fun, how many people came, what is the financial situation at school, etc. The report gives a lot of information to the inquisitive eye: the photograph does not lies.
It probably won't be possible to remove everything. It doesn’t matter: 20 different photographs are enough for a good report. This is the optimal number to both tell a story and not let you get bored.
N.B.
Often some episodes of an event turn out to be so fleeting that it is not possible to capture them. And I want to talk about them. You can try to take a photo that goes beyond the time frame of the event. Didn't have time to shoot the firecracker? Shoot the confetti on the floor and include it in your photo story.
· 09/24/2016
Article text updated: 02/2/2019
Even if you are not at all keen on photography, and you take pictures not just with a point-and-shoot camera, but simply with your phone, I’m sure that the tips presented in this lesson, you will find it useful. The fact is that today we will analyze the basics of the art of telling stories using photographs. The ability to shoot in such a way that from several photos you get an interesting story about an event will be useful when shooting a photo report at a wedding, at a children's party, at your friend's birthday party, or when photographing a product for an online store, during a weekend hike in the vicinity of your city or in traveling on vacation to distant countries. In this photo tutorial, we will not discuss what settings to use or what lens to choose for shooting at the school assembly on September 1st (of course, these issues are important, but we have already discussed them a million times in other articles on the site). Today we will talk about the artistic component of an interesting photo story.
Before we begin, I want to point out that the tips presented below should not be considered as absolute truth from a photography guru. Consider them my lecture notes on reportage photography, which I wrote after reading articles and interviews with professional photographers and photojournalists, and then shared the notes with you.
In addition, please note that for illustration I used photographs I took during an independent trip to the Philippines, only 10 days after purchasing my first amateur DSLR Nikon D5100 KIT 18-55 VR (at the end of November 2011). Naturally, at that time I didn’t even know how to take technically high-quality photographs (most of the frames were taken in semi-automatic mode: scenes “Landscape”, “Sports”, “Portrait”, “Night Portrait”, etc., so don’t look too closely at the data EXIF), not to mention thinking about those aspects of reporting that are needed to shoot an interesting photo report about your vacation.
In general, I hope that you will not judge harshly - just read, “digest” and, I’m sure, you will be able to shoot your own interesting photo stories.
In a certain kingdom, in a certain state, there lived a rich merchant. And he had three daughters. Once he was getting ready to go on a long journey and asked what gifts they would like to receive. The youngest said that she didn’t want sweets or jewelry, that she desperately needed a scarlet flower. Dad picked a plant listed in the Red Book, and the consequence of this was that his beloved daughter, a lover of botany, fell into the clutches of a forest beast. At first, their relationship didn’t work out, but “love is evil”... When she returned for a visit to her father’s house, and the sisters turned the hands on the clock, the animal thought that the beauty had gone AWOL, and almost died of melancholy. The girl kissed the monster, which, as it happens, made his heart beat faster - he turned into a handsome prince. The boys immediately ran to their parent, who blessed them family life. The wedding was played to the envy of all the neighbors - they broke three button accordions while the guests danced. And then they began to live happily ever after, gave birth to children, had grandchildren and great-grandchildren...
This is the retelling of the well-known fairy tale in my presentation. I brought it specifically to show that any story has a beginning, a development of action, a climax and an ending. Stories are powerful. They are universal. They appeal to listeners of all ages. They overcome cultural and language barriers and stand the test of time.
And as a photographer, we have a unique opportunity to tell great stories through one of the best tools for the story - with a camera.
So let's pick it up and start taking pictures. But we should remember that we should not just mindlessly shoot at any moment. If we want to capture important events in our lives, and do this with the help of interesting photographs, then we MUST tell a story with them. We need to understand how to capture the events that are happening before our eyes, and how to use the camera to turn them into a fascinating report reflecting our life experiences.
Why? Because, in 20 years, the feelings that we experienced at the time of shooting will be reflected in our photographs. Pictures are what bring our memories back to life. Let's do it Good work now, and we can enjoy a bright and deep photo report. If we shoot only part of the story, then in the future we will definitely pay attention to the gaps and holes in our photo story.
Also, we need to remember that we are not just taking photographs for ourselves. We are filming for our family, for future generations that will come after us. We won't always be there to tell our stories. But our photographs can do this for us, and they can do a good job if we learn how to tell stories through photographs.
Story structure in photographs
Any story, any report begins with an understanding of the structure of the narrative. To put it simply, a story always consists of three main parts: a beginning, a middle and an end.
Now let's look at these components individually and see what happens in each of them.
Beginning of the photo report
Introduction or outset
The story should begin with an introduction. We must draw the audience into our world and make their stay in it comfortable. The viewer must receive context.
This is easy to do: you need to include details in the frame that will tell the viewer where the photo was taken. The one who looks at the pictures must guess the location of the shooting. To do this, professional photo reporters use symbols: recognizable buildings, monuments, objects. For example, if I were invited to a wedding shoot, I would shoot the entrance door with a poster that says “Sasha + Masha = Love” and two wedding rings- It’s immediately clear that today we will watch a report from the wedding.
Let's say you get on a plane, fly to the Philippines and go to big Adventure on the islands of this distant country. Incredible adventure with hundreds of events that can happen there. So how do you make an introduction? How to give the viewer a sense of the place where we are going from the first frames?
You can start with a photo of the airport to tell the story of your trip. Or we can show a photo of a hotel room to give an idea of where we are staying. A photo from the boat on which we sailed to the island.
You need to fill the story with photographs with details that will help the viewer build a rich world in their imagination. Come closer and look at small objects that are a small part of big stage. This will lead the viewer directly into our story, allowing him to imagine himself in this place.
- Show the audience how you got from point A to point B. Did you take a train, fly by plane, or walk?
- Does the architecture in the country where you come on vacation look the same as ours? Or is different? Show us!
- Show whoever reads your report about independent travel, small details that enrich the story and give the viewer a better feel for the place depicted in the photo: photograph local food, clothing, crafts.
Presentation of the main characters of the photo story
Now you need to introduce the characters in the story.
The classic plot revolves around the main character who goes on a great journey to achieve some goal. Along the way, he meets other characters who help him or, on the contrary, hinder him.
Who characters in our report? You need to take some time to think about this. Regardless of what we're telling the story about, whether it's a once-in-a-lifetime vacation to the Philippines or our daily routine, there will always be people who are critical to our story. Sometimes we forget to take photos of them because we take their presence for granted. But often we simply fail to understand that they are an important part of our story.
And so we must begin to learn to see how central the role of characters is in our photo essay. To take interesting photo reports, you need to start by setting yourself the task of photographing them, and doing it in such a way that they come out alive. All our heroes have their own roles in our play. And our photos can show this role.
While on vacation in the Philippines, we were very annoyed by pearl sellers. They made an offer to buy a necklace when we were sitting on the veranda in the morning, basking in the rays of the sun, having breakfast. When we swam and sunbathed on the snow-white Philippine beaches, they haunted us. Even when we arrived desert island, there were also “pearl sellers” there...
During excursions through the jungle, visiting the chocolate hills and a monkey nursery, and rafting on a river in the jungle of the Philippines, we took hundreds of photographs. But what photos should be included in your vacation report? Those that will help you tell full story? Photos of the characters who accompanied us on the trip: the damned souvenir seller, or the driver who delivered us to the reserve, or the cook in a street restaurant.
We only saw this guy for maybe five minutes. Then we went deeper into the jungle and took a lot of great photos. But this photo of the annoying salesman can become a bridge connecting us with that distant island. If we went on vacation to the Philippines again, I would photograph it again.
Photographer's point of view
Now is the point where many aspiring photographers stumble when telling their photo stories. We forget to give the viewer the opportunity to feel our point of view. This is what answers the question: WHO is telling the story?
There are so many things in front of us that can be taken off that it is very easy to forget to include our own self. Getting our presence in the frame can be difficult. But this is a critical part of the story. Who you are and what you worry about has an extraordinary impact on the story, so you need to make sure that the audience can see you, that they can recognize you.
This can be done simple, or in a complicated way. We can, for example, include our feet or hand in the frame. Then suddenly the viewer becomes interested in the person behind the camera. It's amazing how little it takes to completely change the experience of photography!
At this point I should show a photo where, for example, I am shooting a seascape on the edge of a cliff with a wide-angle lens, and at the bottom of the frame are my boots. Or, for example, during the shooting I held right hand camera, and handed the left one to the person depicted in the portrait. Then an unusual atmosphere is immediately created. Many have probably seen the footage: a girl in beautiful dress shot from the back, she extends her hand to the photographer, dragging him along with her (the hand of the one who is shooting is in the frame)...
But, especially when we take photographs for our family photo album, this is not enough. We need to enter fully into the frame to become part of our own story.
This can be achieved by taking a “selfie”, holding the camera at arm's length and taking a photo of yourself. There is nothing wrong with this, and such photos are important. Cameras with rotating screens make it easier to capture such shots.
A couple of tips on how to take selfies: pay attention to the quality of lighting and take pictures at a slightly angle, not from a frontal angle.
Also try taking a portrait of yourself in full height. You can use a tripod and remote control, set everything up and take a group photo. Take a few pictures to make sure everything turns out just right.
Photo 3. Let's get acquainted with the participants of the tour of the Philippine islands. My wife. How to shoot a photo report. Photography lessons for beginners. Nikon D5100 KIT 18-55 VR DSLR. 1/640, 5.6, 100, 55. Shot on a tripod.
Of course, you can ask other people to take a portrait of the author of the story.
In general, there is no need to be an invisible storyteller. Our friends and family will want to see photos of us, and so will we, years from now. Get in the frame!
The middle of the photo story
Now that we have finished the introduction and introduced the main characters, it is time to continue the story. And this is the middle of the story in which the action takes place. Here we are looking for ways to arouse the viewer's interest.
It seems to me that the photographs that I provided as illustrations for the photo report about the vacation are not very dynamic. A few things to look for when filming a vacation report in the Philippines.
Movement. Not only is it interesting to look at in a photograph, it literally moves the story forward. You should always pay attention to moving objects and think about how to photograph them to tell more. You can even try to take a picture on long exposure to add a sense of movement.
Emotions. The action can be more than just physical. It can be emotional. You need to try to remove emotions in order to convey feelings in the story.
Interaction. Once our characters begin to interact, they move the story forward. Take it off!
Conflict. Above all, conflict and struggle are part of what drives photographic history. I think many will agree that a story on the theme “I went out of the house and saw a pretty sunset” is not an attractive story for the viewer. We must show the problems that our hero faces, as well as how he solves them - this is what attracts the audience, especially if the problems are solved successfully. “I went outside, climbed onto high mountain, got lost, met a donkey who led me back to the path. We sat together and watched amazingly beautiful sunset." What a story!
End of the photo story
I often forget to photograph this part of the photo report. After we've captured the action, we often decide we've captured something important and can stash the camera in our backpack. But the report is not finished; if we put the camera away, we will leave the audience (and ourselves) confused, unsatisfied.
So always, always, always when we shoot we need to think about how to complete our photo report. What can be filmed to show that the story is over? That the conflict has been resolved? Has the hero found his way to the finish line?
Perhaps the sun setting over the horizon. Or a plane flying home. Farewell waves to new friends met on the journey.
The example of photo story structure that we looked at above is a long story, but even the shortest narrative follows the same rules. For example, a good report on the topic “How I spent yesterday evening at home” should also have all the described components: scenes in the living room, children jumping on the sofa, then quietly reading a book, and finally – a sleeping baby in the crib.
Even the simplest events will become interesting story, if we shoot all the required parts of the photo report.
Intermediate final
The photograph can capture short story inside a large photo story, for example, the moment of saying goodbye to our guide, who was taking tarsier monkeys to the nursery.
Ultimate ending
We also need to remember to film the big finale: our departure from the city or country, plane or bus, or details of our house when we returned after a big trip.
I advise you to read Artem Chernov’s article “Constructing drama and photo stories. How are linear and nonlinear stories related? It describes in more detail the composition of the photo story, and also presents a short video (26 seconds), after viewing which you will see all the components of a good photo story that we discussed.
It became clear what exposition, plot and development of action, climax and epilogue are?
Taking a short photo report
Context
We can tell many stories even in one frame, but what we need to make sure to include is context. Stepping back a little and including more space in the frame will help us utilize all the elements of the photo essay that we discussed earlier. This will give us a feel for the place where everything is happening, perhaps include more characters, some action, conflict. Every time before we press the shutter button, we need to think about what we are going to include in the frame, make sure that this or that object will help tell the story, and will not distract attention from the main subject.
Tricks with wide, medium and close-ups when shooting a photo report
A quick way to develop photography storytelling skills is to use a wide, medium, and close-up approach. We take 3 pictures.
- Overall plan– is used as an introduction to the story, and serves to show the viewer all the important details of the context of our story. Here we step back and hardly show our presence. It can be difficult to remember to include a long shot in a photo story, especially if we're really caught up in the action happening at the time of shooting, but we need to remember that this part of the story is very important.
- Medium shot — to get to know the main characters of the report, as well as to show the action in the frame. It will help the viewer understand the photo story: what is happening and who is doing it.
- Close-up- to show details. They add color to our reporting and help people immerse themselves deeper into the scene and be present at the scene. We need to try to look for details that someone usually doesn’t notice, but that say something about our history.
In particular, walking around the subject, changing the angle of view and perspective can help. This will help us see the scene from a different vantage point and allow us to find the images that best tell our story.
- The wide shot gives us context, showing the girl going to the market with her parents, showing where she lives.
- The medium shot allows us to focus on the girl better, drawing attention to her and her father.
- A close-up allows us to better notice details and emotions on the face of the person being photographed.
When I photograph such series for reporting, I use lenses with different focal lengths: wide to show the street; mid range to highlight the main subject; telephoto lens - to cut out unnecessary things and concentrate on details.
Preparing to shoot a report
It is clear that tips for shooting a photo report cannot be contained within one article. And today’s lesson is just a sketch, a preface to a large series of conversations on this topic. I have repeatedly said that when I write such reviews, first of all, I better remember the information discussed. I hope that now I can make my photo reports more interesting for viewers. You just need to remember these tips:
- Take photographs that can serve as an introduction, the main part of the story, and a conclusion. So that there is context in the pictures.
- Try to ensure that the pictures are not boring, and that in the photo the viewer sees emotions, action, interaction between different objects in the frame, contrast, conflict.
- You should always diversify your photo report by alternating wide, medium, close-up and super-close-ups. Also, do not forget to change horizontal and vertical images.
Ideally, you need to ensure that each individual photograph contains its own little story, which will be the chapter of the overall narrative. How to achieve this is a separate question, and not an easy one. I will study more. Now I can remember that the greatest emotional impact on the viewer is made by those photographs that force him to use his imagination. For example, when he is forced to think about what happened a second before the photographer pressed the shutter release, or a second after that moment.
A lot is devoted to the issues of the artistic component of a photograph in Lydia Dyko’s textbook “Conversations on Photography Skills.” I advise you to definitely find it and read it carefully.
Let's get back to how to tell a photo story. Professional reporters advise always drawing up a shooting plan and a list of required stories. At the beginning of the lesson, I noted that the advice we will receive applies to most types of photo reports. Why? Because the principles described here can be used not only when photographing active actions such as a dance competition and sports competitions, but also even when photographing landscapes and objects for an online store catalog.
Look at the previous article for a review of the Case Logic TBC-411-Black camera backpack. You will also see total, average and close-up. If I had a macro lens, I would also take a super close-up photograph, for example, of the clasp pawl.
Here are a few templates for a plan for shooting a photo report on different topics.
- Wedding photography. You have been invited to take photographs at a wedding. You need to understand that the whole story will consist of small chapters, each of which will have an introduction, middle and end. So, in the bride’s room you need to take a general shot of the room with a scattered dress, shoes and cosmetics. Medium shot - the girl dressed Wedding Dress and shows off in front of the mirror. Large – hands with an unusual manicure. We arrived at the registry office - again general form the wedding hall, the middle one – the parents of the newlyweds, the large one – a tear rolling down the bride’s cheek.
- Your child takes part in dance competition? General shot: a notice on the fence of the school and the building of the educational institution itself behind. The middle one is a dancing boy or girl. Close-up - the face of a teacher biting his lips while watching his student perform.
- Bike review? One shot is great on the street of a metropolis. Second, the bicycle takes up the entire frame. The third is photographing details: reflectors, pedals, brand name, etc.
Turn on the TV right now and watch the news or a movie. Pay attention to how the cameraman changes plans, where he focuses the viewer's attention. When shooting a photo story, we should do the same.
This, my friends, is where I end my photo lesson on shooting interesting reports at a wedding, matinee or on vacation. But I’m not saying goodbye to you. The fact is that a photo competition for the best photo report will be announced in the near future. I will announce the topic and conditions of participation later. The main prize will be the Case Logic TBC-411-Black photo backpack, reviewed in the previous article. Subscribe using the form below to receive notifications of new publications so as not to miss this magical day.
30.09.2016
The word “report”, familiar to many, comes from the French “reporter” - “to carry”, and the English - “report”, which literally means “report, report”. It is easy to guess that in the literal sense of the word - a reporter or journalist - is a person who “moves” news events from real world into the paper or virtual world.
And a photo report presents these events to the viewer not through words and intonations, but through images, visual perception images In other words, it is a story about an event in photographs.
A photo report is interesting because it is impossible to stage a shot; it excludes staged photography. Photographer captures moments real life in a whirlwind of events, must be able to see the most successful angle, is in the thick of what is happening. And the main feature of such photography remains its documentary nature. In addition, the photographer does not have the opportunity to take a repeat shot, a take of the same moment.
Photographer Bely Vladimer
Types of reportage photography
In the genre of photo reporting, two types can be roughly distinguished, sometimes closely interrelated with each other:
- Event-based;
- Everyday.
The first is an event report. This is filming of all kinds of events - premieres, competitions, various forums, presentations, holidays, etc.
The second is an everyday type of reporting that reflects events ordinary life in her everyday moments, familiar to many.
Features of the photo report
A photo report can consist of one single frame, which reflects the entire plot of the event, or it can be in the form of a photo essay, a series of photographs. It doesn’t matter whether events are sequential or occur in a chaotic manner, the main thing is that they are united by one common theme.
The photo essay allows the photographer to convey a more coherent and complete narrative. To make it more convenient for the viewer to perceive and understand the course of events, the material is filmed according to a simple scheme, similar to a film script: beginning, development, climax and ending.
Photographer Korenev Dmitry
Shooting in this genre is not the easiest, and not so much because you need to be on your toes all the time, seize the moment, be attentive to the details of what is happening and generally assess the situation, looking for the most successful places for shots.
Event reporting, for example, is not only about capturing joyful moments and events. Event reporting also includes filming funerals, accident scenes, strikes, as well as armed clashes and even military operations. Often, in addition to the heavy emotional burden, the work also poses a threat to the photographer’s life.
However, in addition to reporting from the “hot spots” of our planet, photo reporters cover sporting events and concerts, public speeches and holidays, conferences and exhibitions. In addition, this genre is often used for shooting home events: weddings, proms, children's matinees and birthdays.
A high-quality photo essay preserves the most significant events, impressions, emotions, moods and experiences in memory. And the photographer is faced with the task of snatching and capturing in the photo the most bright moments, creating a holistic picture of what is happening.
Interesting publications on the site
I wrote an excellent post about photo reports, which I agree with on all points. I recommend reading it.
And in addition, I’ll mention my old one, about how I layout posts from a technical point of view
Original taken from nasedkin How to make the right photo report?
I’ve been meaning to write this post for a long time, but I never got around to it. And here in Lately I am periodically asked about all sorts of reportage details, so I decided to organize an impromptu educational program. Although this is said loudly, of course. Be that as it may, everything written below in no way claims to be the ultimate truth, however, I hope it may be useful to someone.
1. Whatever we call it, it will float.
The title, of course, should hook the reader and force him to immediately go under the cut. However, it is important not to overdo it, otherwise there will be something in the style of " Life News"or the newspaper "Your Day". Especially "no ice" if the flashy title does not coincide with the content of the article. Some top bloggers (we will not name names), in order to get more views, unfortunately sin with this and do not even use introductory text. But you and I want to make the right report, don’t we?
2. Header photo.
There is no doubt that a photo essay should begin with a title photo. It's like the cover of a magazine or newspaper. For me, it’s better to have one photo. Some people post two at once, and put introductory text between them. In my opinion, a single photograph visually attracts more attention. You can also use a collage of several photographs; here, as they say, there is no sample for taste or color.
3. A post without a heading is not a post.
It seems to me that there is enough text of about 7-10 lines, separated by one or two paragraphs. In this case, there must certainly be an empty line between each of them. A computer is not a paper book; there is more strain on the eyes, and therefore such torn text will be easier to read. The content, on the one hand, should reflect the essence of the photo report, and on the other hand, it should turn out to be somewhat unsaid and thereby create intrigue.
4. Go under cat.
Some bloggers, such as Artemy Lebedev, do not recognize khat as such and dump the entire sheet directly into the feed. What if you weren't planning on reading this? So, there is no point in even considering such an extreme. The reader deserves respect. So, in my opinion, under the cut, specially titled, there should be about 35-40 photographs (I set the size to 1000x667), certainly numbered. You see, yes, why numbered?
When there are only a dozen or two photos, the impression of some understatement is created, especially if the post is very exciting. You shouldn’t experiment with a very large quantity either. I once did a report on St. Patrick’s Day in Moscow and, due to my inexperience, included more than a hundred pictures in the post. And then I wondered for a long time why there was no seemingly deserved return and such a small number of comments. The reader gets tired, irritated and sometimes does not even watch the material to the end.
Photos in the post should not be active links, this may interfere with viewing. Therefore, the source code should be trimmed accordingly. Don't forget to adapt your photos to displays with high resolution(retina), your friends will be grateful to you. You can read about how to do this, as well as in general about photo processing through my eyes.
5. Above or below?
Among reporters there is still no clear definition of where to put the accompanying text - above or below the photograph. I believe that if there is one photo in a post, the description should be BELOW it, and if it is a large report, then exclusively ABOVE. Through experience, I found that it is more convenient to read a photo story this way. That is, text, immediately followed by a photo without a space, then a space and everything is repeated.
6. How should the story sound?
Sometimes excitement overwhelms me and I start writing too floridly. Well, in principle, there are topics when it embellishes the report, but, as a rule, such verbiage distracts from the visual content. Really, it’s better not to boast of wit, there’s something for that separate genre. One, maximum two lines of accompanying text that simply and clearly reveals the essence of the moment.
However, writing too sparingly and telegraphically is also not good. "Yesterday there was a rally in Moscow. 100,500 people came. Everything went calmly." The reader will start to yawn and may not finish reading the post.
An important point - if you are not a professional writer and doubt the flawlessness of the text, admitting the presence of spelling and punctuation errors in it, ask a specialist or just some familiar “grammar Nazi” to edit it. Believe me, competent writing in our time commands only respect, and, unfortunately, it is becoming less and less common.
7. And what at the end?
Surely, if you have returned from a trip to some interesting country, you have enough material for more than one or two reports. I recommend putting a link to the first at the end of the second, at the end of the third to the first and second, and so on. Let it be like a serial film.
So that not only the audience of LiveJournal, but also other services, learn about your story, put a repost button at the end (in the HTML editor in the toolbar, a hand with a raised thumb). And buttons for your Instagram-Twitter-Facebook. You'll see, he'll make future friends. And of course - tags. Using them, it will be easier for you and your readers to find this or that entry.
Like this. I would like to hear your opinion on the above, and especially the addition.
Photo report
Photojournalism- a special form of journalism that uses photography as the main means of expression. Photojournalism differs from related photography genres (such as documentary photography, street photography and celebrity photography) in the following ways:
- Time- pictures have meaning in the chronological context of the development of events.
- Objectivity- the situation assumes that the photographs will be honest and accurately reproduce the events recorded.
- Narrative- pictures in combination with other news elements inform and give the reader or viewer an idea of the essence of events.
Photojournalists must act, make decisions and carry photographic equipment in the same conditions as participants in events (fire, war, street riots), often subject to the same risks.
Photojournalism, as a descriptive term, often implies a certain gritty style or approach to creating images. The photojournalists' approach to candid photography is becoming a popular and distinct style of commercial photography. For example, today many wedding photographers shoot impartial chronicles of wedding events in a “reportage” style.
Origin of the term
Invention of the term photojournalism usually attributed to Cliff Edom (1907–1991), who taught in the journalism school at the University of Missouri for 29 years. There, Edom organized the first photojournalism group in the year. Others name the dean of the School of Photojournalism as Frank L. Mott.
Story
Start
Until 1880, printing equipment could not reproduce photographs correctly. Usually, the artist made an engraving from a photograph, from which the print was made. The first reportage photographs from the fields of the Crimean War (-), taken by British reporters such as William Simpson from Illustrated London News or Roger Fenton, were published in this way. Likewise, Matthew Brady's photographs of the American Civil War were used as engravings for publication in Harper's Weekly. The original images were usually shown at exhibitions or photographically copied into limited quantities copies.
Photojournalism in the modern sense emerged as a result of improvements in printing and photography between and. The first halftone reproduction of a news photograph was published on March 4 of the year in The Daily Graphic (NY) . Invented in magnesium flash Flash powder) allowed photographers like Jacob Riis to shoot indoors with ease. Starting from this year, it has become possible to reproduce halftone photographs on printing equipment.
Modern photojournalism became possible with the invention of the small camera and high-speed film. The advent of the 35mm Watering Can, which was created in 1914 and released in Germany in 1925, brought many significant changes to every area of photography. The new camera allowed photographers to see ordinary and familiar objects in new, bolder perspectives and expanded their ability to better see and appreciate their outlines and shapes in space.
Aristide Briand points to a photographer who can even get into a secret meeting. Paris. 1931
Behind-the-scenes footage of famous international political figures at League of Nations conferences in the late 1920s was taken by an excellent multilingual lawyer, Erich Salomon, who was one of the first to use a small-sized camera for information purposes. This is what they meant when they said that “three conditions are necessary for holding a conference of the League of Nations: several foreign ministers, a table and Erich Salomon.” Newspaper and magazine photographers have since followed his style, shooting as events unfold without waiting for posing.
Although photography became part of the news in newspapers and magazines from 1897, until 1927 many sensational news stories were illustrated with engravings. The first wirephoto was transmitted by Western Union in 1927.
Recognition in the art world
Since the second half of the 1970s, photojournalism and documentary photography, side by side with fine art photography, have increasingly taken up space in art galleries.
Professional organizations
Some other organizations:
News organizations and journalism schools have created a wide variety of awards for photojournalists. Since then, the Pulitzer Prize has been awarded in the following photojournalism categories: Feature Photography, Spot News Photography, and Capture the Moment. Other awards: World Press Photo, Best of Photojournalism, and Photograph of the Year.
Photographers surrounded the star at the Cannes Film Festival.
Ethical and legal issues
Photojournalists work within the same limits of objectivity as other journalists. What to shoot, how to frame and how to edit are questions that a photojournalist constantly grapples with.
Often, an ethical conflict can be mitigated or intensified by the actions of the editor or photo editor, to whom the photographs are transferred as soon as they arrive at the editorial office. A photojournalist often has no say in how his photographs are used.
The US National Press Photographers Association and other organizations have created a Code of Ethics.
The main ethical aspects fit into the general legislation. Laws related to photography can vary greatly from state to state. The situation becomes much more complicated when a photo report taken in one country is then published in many others.
Photojournalism crisis
Since the 90s of the 20th century, television, which had large budgets thanks to advertising, has developed rapidly, changing the presentation of news - instead of an announcer in the studio reading from a piece of paper, live broadcasts from the scene of events came into use, and television companies did not skimp on expensive, high-quality reports. As a result, circulation began to fall printed publications, color illustrated magazines, unable to compete in efficiency with television. The economic crisis has hit most of the world's photojournalism agencies. This was followed by a partial loss of copyright and a reduction in photographers' rates. Three of the world's major news agencies, previously focused primarily on text information - Associated Press, Agence France Press and Reuters, hired professional photographers for a fixed salary high class, thereby sharply increasing the quality of their news photographic products, which newspapers and magazines began to willingly buy for an inexpensive annual subscription. As a result, most small and medium-sized and even large agencies, which did not have the opportunity to offer such dumping conditions, were forced out of the market. The crisis was aggravated by the arrival of new technologies, in particular the appearance on the market of Royalty-free photographs for which you do not have to pay. In Russia at the beginning of the 21st century, neglect of the copyright of photographers and the theft of photographs from the Internet for the purpose of publication on the pages of print media became the norm. Many reportage photographers had to go into commercial photography in order to survive...
Impact of new technologies
Small, lightweight cameras have greatly expanded the role of photojournalism. Since the 1960s, built-in motors, electric flash, autofocus, high-quality lenses and other improvements in cameras have made photography easier. New digital cameras have removed the limit on the number of frames on film; hundreds and thousands of frames can fit on a microdisk or memory card of a camera.
Content is the most important part of photojournalism, but the ability to quickly capture and edit images has brought significant changes. Some 15 years ago, it took about 30 minutes to scan and transmit one color photograph from the scene to the editorial office. Today, a photojournalist armed with a digital camera, mobile phone and laptop can transmit a high-quality photo to the editor within minutes after the frame was taken. Camera phones and portable satellite communication devices have provided previously unimaginable capabilities for mobile image transmission from virtually anywhere on the globe.
In our time, any person who does not strive for a career as a professional photographer, who accidentally found himself in the center of events with a camera, and then posted (often completely free) photographs on the Internet, can call himself a photojournalist. There are cases when amateur footage published on the Internet became a sensation. WITH beginning of the XXI century, the blogosphere became a medium for the dissemination of information and photographs. There are numerous specialized photojournalism blogs on different languages peace. In Russian this is Photopolygon.
By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, traditional photojournalism began to be actively replaced by the so-called “Citizen Journalism”, which appeared in Europe and the USA. People of various professions, who, as a rule, do not have financial problems and, unlike media professionals, are not constrained by any obligations to their editorial offices, engage in journalism, including photojournalism, as a hobby.