“Laughter is the honest and noble face of N. V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General.” Christian understanding of laughter in the comedy The Inspector General

28.04.2019

Literature lesson in 8th grade

"Laughter is honest and noble face comedy by N.V. Gogol “The Inspector General”

Prepared

Teacher Storonenko N.V.

Rostov-on-Don

Lesson objectives for the teacher:

Develop skills and abilities in analyzing literary texts.

Develop students' creative abilities.

Help students learn a moral lesson.

Lesson objectives for students:

Planned results:

Personal:

Improving the spiritual and moral qualities of the individual;

Ability to determine moral values comedies;

- the ability to reasonably choose one’s own life principles from the standpoint of their value for people.

Metasubject:

-Cognitive: expanding students’ understanding of the complexity and painstaking work of writing; education of a thinking person and reader; developing the ability to think critically, analyze, and evaluate what you read.

- Regulatory: performing tasks in accordance with the assigned task; the ability to independently organize one’s own activities in solving problems posed in the lesson; ability to work with different sources information, find it, analyze it and use it in your activities.

- Communicative: developing the ability to express one’s thoughts in a value judgment; build a monologue evidential statement; respect other people's opinions; manifestation of mutual assistance; ability to work in groups.

Subject: ability to analyze a work; mastery of literary terminology, various forms creative work.

Introducing to the spiritual and moral values of Russian classical literature; formation own attitude to the work; understanding author's position and your attitude towards her; develop the ability to express your thoughts and evaluate the actions of heroes.

Meaningful reading and adequate comprehension of what is read; the ability to answer questions based on the text read; create oral monologue statements, the ability to conduct dialogue.

Forms of work in the lesson: frontal, group, individual.

Lesson type by form: dialogical.

Lesson type by content: search and research.

Lesson format:

Poster drawn by students.

Computer installation (showing a presentation for N.V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General”).

Progress of the lesson.

Lesson topic: “Laughter is the honest and noble face of N.V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General.”

Guys, highlight the topic in the title keyword.

- (Laughter). Absolutely right.

Try to formulate the goals and objectives of our lesson.

Lesson Objectives :

Learn to analyze literary text.

2. See what moral lessons we can extract from this work

Lesson objectives:

Summarize the material on the play by N.V. Gogol "The Inspector General".

Identify positive and negative heroes plays.

Understand the originality of Gogol's laughter.

Teacher: (slide “Portrait of Gogol”)

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol entered Russian literature as a satirical writer. He had the talent to notice the funny, the absurd, the stupid and transform himself into the heroes of his mischievous jokes. He was predicted to become a great comedian.

Fate brought him together with the most interesting writers and artists, and A. S. Pushkin became his very first friend and inspiration (slide “Portrait of Pushkin”).

What do we know about the history of comedy?

(The idea for the comedy was suggested to Gogol by Pushkin. He told him “purely

Russian joke." In 1833 in Nizhny Novgorod he was mistaken for

auditor. He also told how one of his acquaintances gave himself away

Bessarabia for an important St. Petersburg official. This story is so

attracted Gogol that he was immediately inspired by the idea of writing “The Inspector General.” And in 1835 the comedy was written.)

Teacher's word (slide “Words of Gogol”) When Gogol was working on a comedy, he set a goal for himself: “In The Inspector General, I decided to collect in one pile everything bad in Russia that I knew then, all the injustices that are done in those cases where justice is most required from a person, and laugh at everyone at once.”

And now, leafing through the pages of the comedy, let’s see what the author laughed at, what is unique about Gogol’s laughter, can we say that laughter is a positive face of comedy?

Working on the text.

slide "City")

- Name the location of the comedy.

(A provincial town from which “even if you ride for three years, you won’t reach any border.”)

Why doesn't the city have a name?

(The small town contains typical features social order. Gogol wanted to show that the order that reigns in the city occurs everywhere. The object of Gogol's satire is herself modern life in its comically ugly manifestations.

(slide “The auditor is coming to us”)

The comedy begins with the phrase:

“The auditor is coming to see us.”

How do officials know about the arrival of the auditor?

(From a letter to the mayor).

What's funny about this scene?

(The mayor hurries to read the letter. And it looks funny. The letter already contains the mayor’s denunciation: “Since I know that you, like everyone else, have sins, because you are a smart person and don’t like to miss out on what is in your hands ..."

What is the reaction of officials to the letter?

(The officials are alarmed and are trying to find the reason for this. Rev. 1 Luka Lukich: “Why, why is this? Why do we need an auditor?

Phenomenon 1. Ammos Phed. : “I think there is a thin and large political reason.

Russia wants to wage war..."

Phenomenon 2. Postmaster: “I think there will be a war with the Turks.”

What instructions does the mayor give to officials?

God pleases the trustee. establishments Artemia Phil. Strawberries,- change the caps,

treat the sick, write a medical history, eliminate dirt, the smell of cabbage.

Judge, Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyap.- in the hallway, remove the geese, the hunting arap, and the drunkard assessor.

Supervisor of educational institutions, Luka Lukich Khlopov- bring order among

teachers.

To the postmaster, Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin– do not open or read other people’s letters.

What is Gogol laughing at from the first pages?

(Above the ignorance of the official, the absurdity of their judgments, which expose themselves).

The ugly rule of the bureaucratic and police authorities, their desire to hide shortcomings, and fear of punishment make the audience laugh.

(slide “Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky”)

Gogol enhances the comedic situation by showing us the scene of the news about the arrival of the auditor by Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky (appearance 3), as well as the mayor’s orders (appearance 5).

How does Gogol laugh at the landowners and the mayor?

(Laughs at Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky naturally, cheerfully, mischievously,

They mistook a man in a private dress for an auditor, who does not pay for accommodation and meals, and he is from St. Petersburg. He mocks the mayor rather than just laughs, because behind his excitement is a picture of the appalling state of the city. “Let the quarterly Pugovitsyn stand on the bridge for landscaping... hastily sweep up the old fence and put up a straw milestone...” The remark “puts on a box instead of a hat” is typical.)

What is a cheerful, good-natured laugh, a mocking attitude towards something called?

What is the name of accusatory irony that ridicules negative shortcomings?

This means that Gogol laughs in different ways and acts in comedy both as a humorist and as a satirist.

What are the episodes in the comedy in which mockery, casual, cheerful laughter sounds?

(This is a scene in a tavern. Khlestakov’s love explanation to Marya Antonovna).

(Slide “In the tavern”)

Why is this scene funny?

(The mayor and Khlestakov both feel fear. One is afraid of prison, the other of a complaint to the minister.

So laughter is based on a misunderstanding. The truth told by Khlestakov is taken as a lie, and the lie as the truth. A comic situation is based on a mistake.

Slide Love explanation

( Khlestakov is very funny during his heated declarations of love to the mayor’s daughter, then to her mother, and again to the daughter. He himself can no longer understand who he is: a minor employee who has not received any high ranks and therefore was recalled home by his father, or “your excellency,” a department manager, a person known to all officials in St. Petersburg. Not realizing that he is in danger of being exposed, he continues to lie. He confesses his love to the daughter and wife of the Governor, and the explanation occurs in the same terms, he even asks for Marya Antonovna’s hand).

What episode in a comedy can be called the climax?

(D.3. yavl.6 - a scene of lies, because Khlestakov is especially funny).

(slide “Task in groups”)

Group assignment.

1.What in Khlestakov’s story is fiction and what is true?

2. How does the behavior of officials change during Khlestakov’s story about life in St. Petersburg?

3. Does Khlestakov really have “extraordinary ease of thought”?

4. What helps Khlestakov ascend to field marshal?

5. Why is the verb “splops” used in the stage directions and not “falls”?

6. What assessment do officials give to Khlestakov?

Conclusion: in this scene Gogol combined subtle humor and sharp satire. The author laughs not so much at the fact that the “elistrate” was mistaken for a field marshal, but at the fact that the dummy was mistaken for the ideal person.

(slide “Do you have a loan?”

Let's turn to the scene of bribes (act. 4 episodes 3-7)

Why did Gogol show exactly all the officials giving bribes, and not limit himself, for example, to one official?

(All officials behave the same way, everyone gives bribes, i.e. the author wanted to emphasize the widespread nature of such phenomena as servility, bribery, meanness, denunciations).

(Accusatory, satirical, in order to more convincingly, brightly expose social vices, to emphasize the full scale of bribery).

In what scene is Khlestakov. acts as a real auditor: in the scene with the bribe from Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky or in the scene of complaints about the mayor?

(In the appearance of complaints against merchants, a locksmith with a non-commissioned officer's widow, because a real auditor takes bribes, gives orders, and threatens violence (“to Siberia”)

Is it possible to call the scene of complaints from a mechanic or a non-commissioned officer funny (scene from act 4 of Yan. 11)? And are Anna Andreevna and Marya Antonovna funny?

(Women's images do not evoke sympathy, they are ridiculous, ignorant, uncultured, they only complement the idea of the inhabitants of the county town as a whole).

How does the comedy end?

(Reading Tryapichkin’s letter, from which they learn that Khlestakov is not an auditor. And the words about the arrival of a real auditor sound like a bolt from the blue.

Silent scene . (slide “Silent scene”)

What importance did Gogol attach to the silent stage?

(Very important, because this is the result, a verdict on meanness and hypocrisy, but also hope for the triumph of justice.

In this scene, along with all the characters, Gogol’s laughter is invisibly present as character.

Let's remember the topic of the lesson .

“I’m sorry that no one noticed the honest face that was in my play. Yes, there was one honest, noble person who acted in her throughout her entire life. This honest, noble face was full of laughter.”

Can laughter be called a positive hero and why?

(Besides laughter, there are no positive characters in comedy. Laughter helped the writer fulfill a high civic goal: to collect everything that is bad and laugh at everything at once, because laughter helps to see shortcomings.

Who is the main character of the comedy?

(Of course, laughter... In comedy, it reflects the height of the writer’s moral position, his dream of perfect reality. Laughter is what makes a person be human).

"The Inspector General" on theater stages.

(slide “Poster” BDT)

Is comedy relevant today?

(Yes, because the problems of comedy, unfortunately, exist in our modern society.

Therefore, comedy is constantly in the spotlight of theaters. Including our theater named after. Gorky ( slide of scenes from a theatrical production).

A word from a pre-prepared student.

Rostovsky academic theater dramas named after M. Gorky is one of the oldest in the south of Russia. True admirers of Rostov drama date back to July 4, 1863, when the first permanent troupe of entrepreneur F. Nadler began its existence with the play “The Inspector General” by N. Gogol, with the participation of M. Shchepkin. It was for her that the first stone building was built, which immediately became an architectural landmark of the country.

Funny and sparkling comedy. N.V. Gogol's play “The Inspector General” is a wonderful “comedy of errors”, a pearl of the domestic and world theatrical repertoire.

“The auditor is coming to see us!” This famous phrase from the no less famous Gogol's work has been a key moment in productions of The Inspector General for several centuries.

The characters in this truly immortal comedy for Russia are so well written and the theme is just as relevant at all times, that it seemed that I don’t want to play. Therefore, you can “write” characters directly from the surrounding life, which, apparently, is what the troupe’s actors playing officials do. How sweet Sergei Vitchenko’s trustee of charitable institutions, Strawberry, turned out to be! Let the patients die like flies, but their caps are clean, and the doctor Christopher Ivanovich dashingly brings vodka to the imaginary auditor. Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin is gloomy and openly talks about his bribes ( Honored Artist of the Russian Federation Sergei Galkin). True, his knees shake when he himself has to buy banknotes from clenched hand get it and stick it in to the “auditor” and admit to the profitability of his business. Luka Lukich Khlopov, a figure in public education (Andrei Tikhonov), is also good in his wretchedness. And how fussy (the post office would work like that for him!) Postmaster Shpekin (Andrey Rebenkov), who loves to read other people’s letters.

Lesson summary

Did you like Gogol's comedy "The Inspector General"?

Have you seen the comedy production? But if given the opportunity, would you go to the theater again?

Did you like the guys’ performance in the skits?

How would you characterize Gogol's laughter? (we saw different laughter: comic, funny, tragic, satirical and even sad; laughter as a character, a kind of technique necessary for a writer to solve problems.)

What does Gogol teach us? (not to be Khlestakovs, mayors, lead a decent life, fight shortcomings).

Interest in Gogol's work will never go away.

Reflection.

Have we achieved the goals and objectives set at the beginning of the lesson?

What did you find most successful in the lesson, and what would you change or do differently?

Mark yourself.

Making marks.

Homework . How will events develop with the arrival of a new auditor? (Present your script for the continuation of the play).

Thanks to all lesson participants.

Laughter is the only honest face in Gogol's comedy "The Inspector General"

The thirties of the last century were the time of Gogol’s most fruitful and intense creative flowering. Following “Evenings”, “Mirgorod”, “Arabesques”, he turns to drama and creates one of the most remarkable works of world literature - the immortal “The Inspector General”. In this comedy, the bureaucratic-bureaucratic Russia, the police-autocratic system based on veneration, bribery, abuse and oppression are put to shame. According to the writer himself, he “decided to collect in one pile everything bad in Russia... all the injustices that are done in those places and in those cases where justice is most required from a person, and at once laugh at everything.”

The course of the play itself is constructed in a unique and new way. Khlestakov does not appear in the first act yet. But the whole atmosphere of fear of expectation, fear that unseemly deeds and abuses of the mayor and other officials will be revealed, determine further development actions, the possibility of future error. “With what power, with what simplicity, with what ingenious economy the plot of the play occurs!” - wrote the famous theater figure V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko. The plot of “The Inspector General” is already given in the first phrase: “I invited you, gentlemen, in order to tell you the most unpleasant news: the auditor is coming to us.” And already this phrase gives the main impetus to the whole action - the emergence of fear, which darkened the mayor’s mind. Behind the comic, almost vaudeville plot in "The Inspector General" there is always an unsightly and harsh reality, one can feel the dramatic tension, which was so sharply reflected in the finale, in the "silent scene". Comic effect based on a "misunderstanding". Each of the characters, under the influence of fear, misinterprets the words of the other. And so throughout comedy: lies are taken as truth, and truth as lies. Not only Khlestakov lies uncontrollably, both the mayor and Zemlyanika lie recklessly, trying to present themselves and the matter “entrusted” to their supervision in in the best possible way In Khlestakov they personified the punishing “fate”, retribution for all their unrighteous, self-interested activities, and they pretend, dodge, lie. In the mayor's house, Khlestakov's character is revealed in full. He takes care of both the daughter and the mayor’s wife, is declared Marya Antonovna’s fiancé and disappears as quickly as he appeared. “The character of Khlestakov,” Belinsky will say, “...is fully developed, revealed to the last semblance of its microscopic pettiness and gigantic vulgarity.” Behind the condemnation and merciless ridicule of the world of the mayors and Khlestakovs, all the evil spirits of official rogues and empty scoundrels, stands the positive ideal of Gogol, which has not yet taken concrete expression, representing only a dream of a just and reasonable structure of society.

Gogol did not bring out in his comedy " positive hero". He wrote in "Theatrical Travel": "Yes. if at least one honest person were placed in a comedy and placed with all the fascination, then every single one would go over to the side of this honest person and would completely forget about those who frightened them so much now. " The positive beginning in The Inspector General is laughter , in which that high moral and social ideal is embodied, is that “honest face” that determines the meaning of comedy.

“Laughter” in “The Inspector General” is imbued with faith in the “bright nature of man,” in the spiritual powers of the people, opposing topics the forces of social stagnation, callousness, selfishness, which are embodied in a comical and ugly form in the characters of the play. "Silent scene", completing the comic action tragic ending, affirms the triumph of “justice”, the triumph of the highest moral principle.

“Laughter is a noble face” in N. V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General”

Explaining the meaning of “The Inspector General,” N.V. Gogol pointed to the role of laughter: “I am sorry that no one noticed the honest face that was in my play. Yes, there was one honest, noble person who acted in her throughout her entire life. This honest, noble face was laughter.”
A close friend of N.V. Gogol wrote that modern Russian life does not provide material for comedy. To which Gogol replied: “Comedy is hidden everywhere... Living among it, we don’t see it... but if the artist transfers it into art, onto the stage, then we will laugh at ourselves.”
The object of N.V. Gogol’s satire is modern life itself in its comically ugly manifestations. Already at the heart of the plot itself is a comedic incongruity: a person is mistaken for someone other than who he really is. But the author solves this situation in a new way: Khlestakov does not pretend to be anyone. The unintentionality of Khlestakov’s actions confused everyone, and his sincerity deceived the officials and the mayor, who himself “deceived the swindlers of the swindlers.” What was happening revealed the truly ugly and funny face of people and caused them to laugh. It was laughter through tears - angry laughter through tears of bitterness and indignation. The author laughs not at specific individuals, but at the vices of Russian reality; it is not for nothing that at the end he threw into the laughing audience: “You are laughing at yourself.”
It becomes both funny and bitter when we read about the orders in county town: “geese and goslings” scurry around public places, and the assessor always smells of vodka; What crazy teachers teach at the school; healer Christian Ivanovich does not know a single word of Russian; At the post office, letters are opened to satisfy the postmaster’s curiosity, and the police “for the sake of order” give everyone a check, and so on.
That's exactly what satirical image allowed N.V. Gogol to clearly express his indignation at administrative arbitrariness and predation, the petty self-interested characters of people in power.
But there are also a lot of simply funny comic situations in the play. For example, the mayor’s urgent orders: “Let everyone pick up the street...”, or the remark “Put on a paper case instead of a hat,” etc. Khlestakov is absurd and ridiculous, screaming in fear and pounding his fist on the table: “What right do you have?” ?...I’ll go straight to the minister!” And how “magnificent” he is in the scene of lying, having made a dizzying career in a few minutes from a copyist of papers to a field marshal.
All this makes the play lively, authentic and helps the reader and viewer to cleanse their souls with the help of laughter, because, exposing everything bad, the writer believes in the triumph of justice, which will win.

(1 votes, average: 1.00 out of 5)

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“Laughter is a noble face” in N. V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General”

Explaining the meaning of The Inspector General, N.V. Gogol pointed to the role of laughter: “I am sorry that no one noticed the honest face that was in my play. Yes, there was one honest, noble person who acted in her throughout her entire life. This honest, noble face was full of laughter.”

A close friend of N.V. Gogol wrote that modern Russian life does not provide material for comedy. To which Gogol replied: “Comedy is hidden everywhere... Living among it, we don’t see it... but if an artist transfers it into art, onto the stage, then we will laugh at ourselves.”

The object of N.V. Gogol’s satire is modern life itself in its comically ugly manifestations. Already at the heart of the plot itself is a comedic incongruity: a person is mistaken for someone other than who he really is. But the author solves this situation in a new way: Khlestakov does not pretend to be anyone. The unintentionality of Khlestakov’s actions confused everyone, and his sincerity deceived the officials and the mayor, who himself “deceived the swindlers of the swindlers.” What was happening revealed the truly ugly and funny face of people and caused them to laugh. It was laughter through tears - angry laughter through tears of bitterness and indignation. The author laughs not at specific individuals, but at the vices of Russian reality; it is not for nothing that at the end he throws into the laughing audience: “You are laughing at yourself.”

It becomes both funny and bitter when we read about the order in the county town: “geese and caterpillars” are scurrying around in public places, and the assessor always smells of vodka; What crazy teachers teach at the school; healer Christian Ivanovich doesn’t know a single word of Russian; At the post office, letters are opened to satisfy the postmaster’s curiosity, and the police “for the sake of order” give everyone a check, and so on.

It was precisely this satirical image that allowed N.V. Gogol to clearly express his indignation at administrative arbitrariness and predation, and at the petty self-interested characters of people in power.

But there are also a lot of simply funny comic situations in the play. For example, the mayor’s hasty orders: “Let everyone pick up the street...”, or the remark “Put on a paper case instead of a hat,” etc. Khlestakov is absurd and ridiculous, screaming in fear and pounding his fist on the table: “What right do you have?” ?...I’ll go straight to the minister!” And how “magnificent” he is in the scene of lying, having made a dizzying career in a few minutes from a copyist of papers to a field marshal.

All this makes the play lively, authentic and helps the reader and viewer to cleanse their souls with the help of laughter, because, exposing everything bad, the writer believes in the triumph of justice, which will win.

But there are also a lot of simply funny comic situations in the play. For example, the mayor’s hasty orders: “Let everyone pick up the street...”, or the remark “Put on a paper case instead of a hat,” etc. Khlestakov is absurd and ridiculous, screaming in fear and banging his fist on the table: “What right do you have?” ?.. I’ll go straight to the minister!” And how “magnificent” he is in the scene of lying, having made a dizzying career in a few minutes from a copyist of papers to a field marshal.