Mikhail Semenovich Sobakevich is a small landowner 40 years old. This is the fourth time a customer has visited him. dead souls Chichikov. He appears to the reader as a strong and big man. Gogol had a special talent for giving surnames to his characters based on their character traits. So Sobakevich, initially presented as kind and strong, later turns out to be dissatisfied and swearing.
Sobakevich lives in a remote outback, which left a unique imprint on him. He is actively involved in his estate, leading a measured and long-established life with his wife Fedulia Ivanovna. The wife is presented as a tall and at the same time thin person. Yes, they make quite a harmonious couple.
(Sobakevich's estate in his village)
The village of Sobakevich is equipped with strong peasant huts, which have a rather awkward appearance, but are solid and reliable. Sobakevich surrounded his estate with a secure fence. In his house, all the furnishings are strong and reliable; it seems that every chair shouts: “I, too, am Sobakevich.” Everything looks a bit like a bear's den. There are large and bulky chairs and beds, and paintings in equally bulky frames are hung everywhere.
Characteristics of the hero
("Sobakevich", artist Alexander Agin, 1846-47)
Sobakevich is the simplest landowner who stands firmly on his land, knows how to soberly and quickly evaluate people, without feeling the slightest sympathy for them. According to Mikhail Semenovich himself, his life was a success, which he managed to arrange fundamentally and thoroughly. He has no sense of fear towards anyone, although he is an excellent conversationalist with a certain rudeness, straightforwardness and asinine stubbornness.
Mikhail Semenovich is deprived of any emotional impulses and spiritual experiences; he is completely free from daydreaming and philosophizing. Sobakevich perceives with complete disgust everything new that does not fit into his consciousness, believing that all these delights of enlightenment are harmful inventions for the people. His life credo- “The swindler sits on the swindler and drives the swindler.”
He scolds everyone and believes that the most decent person for him is only the prosecutor, but he considers the chief of police to be a fraudster, and the governor to be a robber. For him, every person is a liar and dishonest. Although he himself calmly lies to the chairman of the chamber that he decided to sell the coachman Mikheev, despite the fact that the chairman himself already knew about his death.
("Sobakevich presents his wife to Chichikov", artist Alexander Agin, 1846-47)
Opinion about Chichikov. Unlike the landowner Korobochka, cut off from the realities of life and the sebarite dreamer Manilov, Sobakevich quickly understood the essence of the scoundrel Chichikov and did not give himself the opportunity to be deceived.
Having listened to Chichikov’s request to sell him dead souls, Sobakevich, despite his clumsiness and eccentricity, quickly realized what Chichikov was talking about, which is why he set such a high price - 100 rubles for each dead soul sold. During the conversation with Chichikov, the psychology of Sobakevich is fully revealed - a strong landowner-fist who managed to organize the work of his peasants in such a way that he extracted maximum benefit for himself. Sobakevich will never miss his profit, so he firmly decided not to deviate from the appointed price.
The image of the hero in the work
("Lunch at Sobakevich's", illustration by P.P. Sokolov, early 1890s)
Sobakevich is one of the main characters of Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls”, in which he created collective image, met both in the remote provinces and in the capital's salons. The poem reflects the reality that existed in Russia at the end of the 19th century, when peasants were serfs, and their life was completely dependent on the landowner.
Gogol, describing Sobakevich’s appearance, compared him to a clumsy bear, who suddenly pierced his interlocutor with his close-set eyes, which made him feel uncomfortable. For all his monumentality, Mikhail is not without some weaknesses, the main one being gluttony. Boasting to Chichikov, he said: “When I have pork, put the whole pig on the table!”
To describe the image of Sobakevich, Gogol used all the techniques of compositional storytelling: landscapes, portraits and the speech of his hero.
The landowner Sobakevich is a very colorful character in Gogol’s “Dead Souls”, outwardly reminiscent of a bear with his clumsiness, massiveness and tendency to gluttony. He prefers half a side of lamb or a whole sturgeon to French delicacies such as frog legs or oysters. At the same time, Sobakevich is proud of his Russian heroic stomach, capable of digesting any food, and even in a huge number. He openly mocks the diets of the French and Germans, and Sobakevich’s characterization is already evident quite clearly in this episode. After lunch at Mikhail Semenovich's, buying from landowners are dead Chichikov’s soul feels a whole pound heavier.
The guest is struck by the fact that Sobakevich gives only negative characteristics: his governor is almost a robber with high road, the prosecutor is a pig, and the neighbor Plyushkin is a dog. This is where the characterization of Sobakevich in Nikolai Gogol’s “Dead Souls” appears very clearly.
Conversation between Sobakevich and Chichikov
By nature, Sobakevich is so unperturbed that he doesn’t even raise an eyebrow at Chichikov’s amazing offer to sell him dead souls; he immediately begins to bargain, asking for an exorbitantly high price - 100 rubles per soul. If we remember Chichikov’s visit to Korobochka, then Nastasya Petrovna in a similar situation even bulged her eyes out of amazement.
He bargains on a kulak scale, but the price per head eventually drops to two and a half rubles. This behavior is typical of Sobakevich’s calculating and tight-fisted nature.
Also speaking about the characteristics of Sobakevich, we note that he is not distinguished by his fine mental organization, flexibility of mind and desire for enlightenment, but he is a strong business executive who owns a large, well-equipped village. He himself lives in a good-quality house with a mezzanine, and his peasants have strong and durable houses. In Mikhail Semenovich’s household, order and prosperity can be seen everywhere and in everything.
Sobakevich loves everything strong, even if it is simple in appearance. The bulky and durable pieces of furniture surrounding Mikhail Semenovich seem to say that they, too, are Sobakevichs.
Of the galleries of landowners presented by Nikolai Gogol in Dead Souls, Sobakevich is the most positive and least vulgar literary hero, despite all its down-to-earthness.
A landowner with a massive figure, similar to a bear, appears fourth in the gallery of characters. The image and characterization of Sobakevich in the poem “Dead Souls” (with quotes) allows us to more clearly imagine a gentleman from the Russian hinterland, strong in figure, but spiritually devastated.
Landowner of city N
Sobakevich is an older man. He is well over 40. Taking care of his estate, he is satisfied with the conditions of the “outback”, abandoned inland from even the unknown city of N. He belongs in the outback. But it’s not hard to find bears like him in human form in Moscow. At the master's good health. He "never got sick." Moreover, Sobakevich is afraid of this situation. It seems to him that some terrible thing awaits ahead. severe illness. He says about himself:
“...even if my throat hurts, if I have a sore throat or a boil...”
But good health protects a man from illness.
Hero's appearance
From the first to the last feature of his appearance, Sobakevich resembles a bear: his figure, the set of his eyes, the chopped lines of his face, his gait. Character's appearance features:“...round, wide, like Moldovan pumpkins" face;
“... wide, like the Vyatka squat horses...” back;
“...his legs, like cast-iron pedestals that are placed on sidewalks...”;
“Facial features “made with an axe.”
The author discusses how little nature suffered over the Sobakevich type. She didn't try for long
“...didn’t use any small tools.”
The master did not need files or gimlets. A not very sharp ax was enough:
“she grabbed it with an ax once and her nose came out, she grabbed it another time and her lips came out, she picked out her eyes with a large drill and, without scraping them, let her into the light...”.
The classic tries to stand or sit the character straight, but he doesn’t succeed:
“...I didn’t move my neck at all...”
The bear, the landowner, was sitting, looking from under his brows not at his interlocutor, but at where his gaze fell.
Mikhailo Semenovich does not see those walking nearby. More often than not they avoid him
“...knowing the habit...of stepping on feet...”
Sobakevich is a small, “medium-sized” bear. His father was much larger. There is a breed in a person, heredity, Russian heroism. But if you look into history, how strong in spirit the Russian giants were. They loved Rus' and its people with all their souls. What's left of them? Only external resemblance. The landowner has bearish taste. How the gentleman is dressed:
“tailcoat... bear color”;
“the sleeves (of a camisole, shirt or jacket) are long”;
“knickers (pants or trousers) are long.”
The author interestingly describes Sobakevich’s complexion: “... red-hot, like what happens on a copper coin.” A tall, healthy man with a purple face, how could one not recoil, frightened by such a thing! Besides this, there are no movements or emotions in the face. It is stone and frozen in one position.
The character of the landowner
Sobakevich is very different in character. He then curls up into a ball, like a fist, ready to strike, then becomes eloquent and quick. It all depends on the situation around him.He shows his “dog-like disposition” when he speaks about the residents of the city. All of him are deceivers:
“...a swindler sits on a swindler and drives the swindler around.”
Rude in comparing people. According to the landowner,
“...there is a decent person: the prosecutor; and that one... is a pig.”
Mikhail Semenovich is straightforward, he does not try to conduct unnecessary discussions with Chichikov about a strange request - the purchase of dead souls. Without preamble or surprise, he immediately proceeds to bidding. The landowner says little, strictly and artlessly:
“You needed souls, and I’m selling them to you...”
By bargaining, the master shows his thoroughness; he slowly gives up rubles and kopecks, appreciating the smallest penny. It is impossible not to notice that there is cunning and resourcefulness in the character, for this he receives from Chichikov the epithet “beast”. A cheat and a scoundrel will not pass by the benefits.
Landowner in communication with his wife
The figure of Feodulia Ivanovna’s wife is opposite in appearance. This is skinny tall woman. The author compares it to a palm tree. It is impossible to imagine the image without a smile: a palm tree in a cap with ribbons. The hostess is like a “smooth goose”, like"...to the actresses representing the queens."
Gogol claims that Sobakevich's wife good hostess. She surrounded her husband with care, the main task was to feed him. If you count how much time is allocated during the day for food, then there is almost no time left for other things. The dinner Chichikov attended was a typical meal for the family. It is impossible to list everything that the master ate.
“Everything fell into a lump in my stomach...”
The beginning of the meal is “half a side of lamb”, it would seem that cheesecakes and drinks will follow, but no. Eaten
“... a turkey the size of a calf, stuffed with all sorts of goodness...”
Sobakevich recognizes only Russian cuisine. He doesn’t accept French, and it’s hard to imagine how a “bear” is trying to stuff a frog’s leg or an oyster into his mouth. Sobakevich is consistent when it comes to food, just like at an auction, he finishes his food to the end. At lunch with city officials:
“having spotted from a distance a sturgeon lying to the side on a large dish... in a little over a quarter of an hour he reached it all, so that... only one tail remained from the product of nature...”.
This attitude towards food is the essence of the character’s character. A well-fed master does not become kinder, a smile or other feelings do not appear on his face.
Attitude towards peasants
The landowner strives to create conditions of strength for the peasants. He participates in the life of the farm, understands that the better the men work, the stronger his estate. Sobakevich knows everyone living and dead. There is pride in the owner's words:“What a people! Just gold..."
The landowner's list is detailed and accurate. There is all the information about the sold soul:
“...craft, title, years and family fortune...”.
Sobakevich remembers how the man treated wine, the behavior of a peasant.
Sobakevich is a landowner who differs from other residents of the district of the city N that Chichikov met. But this is only an external difference. Vice, stinginess and indifference are firmly embedded in the character. The soul becomes callous and dies; it is unknown whether anyone will buy his soul in the future.
In his work N.V. Gogol tried to make most of the characters bright and unique, to endow them with a specific appearance and individual characteristics.
One of these heroes was the landowner Mikhail Semenovich Sobakevich. A man of considerable age, his figure and facial features resemble a bear. The reader may notice that his specific appearance and environment indicate the limitations of his spiritual interests. His home resembles a den: uncomfortable, but reliable. The buildings for peasants in his village are also distinguished by their quality and practicality.
A lot can be learned about Sobakevich at the time of the transaction. selling the dead shower. It should be noted that the hero is very different from other characters. Unlike other landowners, when selling, Sobakevich could describe each of them in detail, this suggests that he is not indifferent to the people he owns. When trading with Chichikov, his cunning is revealed - he receives one hundred rubles for one soul. The hero can safely be called a deceiver, since he understands the dishonesty of the deal, but is not against getting rich at the expense of it. Sobakevich is smart, practical and does everything for his own benefit; sometimes his straightforwardness turns into rudeness and ignorance.
What is alarming is that the hero does not speak positively about any of his friends or acquaintances: he called some swindlers, some robbers, and others even “sellers of Christ.” He condemns his neighbors for their stinginess, while he himself always tries to please his stomach.
Having analyzed the positive and negative traits hero at different moments of his activity, we can conclude that Sobakevich is an absolutely soulless person. Like the people around him, he does not allow any changes, because in order to change a person needs a soul. It is worth paying attention to his last name. She says that a person is rude, clumsy and always dissatisfied with everything. Sometimes one gets the impression that the character, like the others, appeared out of nowhere, probably due to the fact that it is impossible to observe any family connections in the work. With the help of this hero, N.V. Gogol showed all the limitations and obsession with material things of the people of his time.
Option 2
In the poem “Dead Souls” by N.V. Gogol creates unforgettable images of Russian landowners.
The meeting of the entrepreneur Chichikov, who buys up dead souls, with Mikhail Semenovich Sobakevich occurs after visits to the landowners Manilov, Korobochka and Nozdrev.
The description of the landowner's household speaks of a certain wealth. He has a large village, in which everything is sound and reliable. Huge wooden house Sobakevich's house had a mezzanine and a red roof. The courtyard was surrounded by a thick wooden lattice. It is clear that Sobakevich’s economy is strong.
Sobakevich is large and massive, his physical strength is felt. To Chichikov he looks like a brown bear: his tailcoat is bear-colored, he walks, stepping on everyone’s feet like a bear, and his complexion is like a copper coin. Even his name is appropriate - Mikhail. The furniture and decorations in the house resemble him: “everything was solid, clumsy” and resembled the owner of the house. And in general everything looked like a bear’s den because of the massive bulky furniture. The hero has a “speaking” surname - Sobakevich, which suggests something rude, inhuman.
Sobakevich is not afraid of anyone. During a conversation with Chichikov, for no apparent reason, he scolds all his acquaintances: the governor is a “robber,” the police chief is a “swindler,” the prosecutor is a “pig.” He is rude and ignorant. He treats everything new and progressive with disgust, considering it harmful to the people. Sobakevich does not skimp on treats and generously treats Chichikov. He is a glutton and loves to eat hearty and tasty food. At lunch he eats a lot.
Sobakevich is far from stupid: he is not surprised when he learns about Chichikov’s intentions. At the same time, Chichikov carefully called the souls non-existent, and not dead. Sobakevich immediately realized that the deal was illegal, but he didn’t even show it. He knows his peasants well, appreciates their work qualities, and praises them in order to sell the dead more profitably. And he immediately asks a large price for dead souls, explaining that his peasants are real masters. Getting carried away, Sobakevich speaks of his peasants as if they were alive. Chichikov angrily calls Sobakevich a “damn fist.” As a result, the dead souls were sold by Sobakevich at the highest price. This scene of purchase and sale reveals the greedy self-interest of the landowner. His whole life is hoarding for the sake of hoarding.
Gogol shows how feudal reality raised such prudent landowners as Sobakevich, engaged exclusively in accumulation. The author notes that such people are found both in the provinces and in the capital.
Essay about Sobakevich
"Dead Souls" is a famous poem by Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol. It presents a wide variety of human characters, which is conveyed through the images of heroes and landowners described in the work. Each of them is an example of striking character traits that are inherent in most of Russian society.
Sobakevich is the fourth landowner in line, whom Chichikov visited for the purpose of shopping dead peasant souls on his estate. To describe appearance hero, Nikolai Vasilyevich uses a comparison with a bear. This image suits Sobakevich very well, who is very clumsy and resembles a bear with his face, besides, he was very strong man. The hero's name also corresponds to the image - Mikhail.
The image of Sobakevich reminds everyone famous image a large, strong, but kind giant, which is often used in Russian fairy tales. In the work, the surnames of the characters speak about who they are, Sobakevich is no exception. Mikhail Semenovich - big, strong and kind man, who is always dissatisfied with everything and scolds everything he can. The comparison with an ever-barking dog is very appropriate.
He considers his police chief a fraud, and reproaches the governor for robbery. He is dissatisfied with everyone - some are liars, others are robbers. But Sobakevich is also not so pure, take for example the situation when he told the chairman of the chamber that he had sold Mikheev, his coachman, even though he was dead.
Sobakevich’s estate exactly matches his image. The whole environment inside the estate was combined with his character traits. All the objects were very strong, but were awkwardly placed. Also, the landowner gets pleasure from his money; counting his funds is one of Sobakevich’s favorite pastimes. He counts absolutely everything, even his serfs, over whom he exercises strict control. He doesn’t care about these people, they bring him income, that’s what interests him. As soon as Chichikov appeared at his estate, Sobakevich immediately guessed his intentions and used them to obtain the greatest benefit; he put the maximum price on the souls of his dead serfs.
Our hero - shining example noble class. He loves to eat hearty and tasty food, and furiously scolds everyone for any mistake. Sobakevich dislikes almost everything unknown to him, be it a German doctor or French cuisine. He himself has no interests other than counting his money.
In this way, Gogol shows the limitations of the Russian people. In the poem, he pointed out that there are a lot of such people in St. Petersburg.
Option 4
In the poem "Dead Souls" main character Chichikov arrives at Sobakevich's estate. Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol describes the village he saw, the house, and then the landowner himself. This allows the reader to notice that by the state of the living space one can guess about the character or appearance of its owner.
From the fifth chapter we learn that Sobakevich’s estate has no symmetry, is awkward, but quite strong. It is clear that the owner cares about durability. When Chichikov looked around the room, it seemed to him as if everything: the pot-bellied walnut bureau, the table, the chairs, the armchairs - spoke of their similarity to the owner. This is how he saw Sobakevich himself. He thinks that the landowner is like a bear. Gogol ironically gives him the name Mikhail, which emphasizes his appearance. Sobakevich, by the way, is as clumsy as his house. He often steps on people's feet.
The first thing that awaited the hero was lunch. Chichikov was extremely surprised by the amount of food. The landowner loved to eat, which is what made him so big. While talking at the table main character I became convinced that Sobakevich spoke poorly of everyone. However, there was a similar reaction regarding national cuisine.
After lunch, Chichikov nevertheless began talking about the deal, but very distantly. In the end, Sobakevich straightforwardly asked the question about dead souls. It's surprising that this doesn't bother him. He speaks calmly. The author compares it with talking about bread. We see that the landowner has already found his benefit in the still imperfect transaction. He offers a large amount, describing the merits of the peasants during their lifetime. Chichikov haggles for a long time, but Sobakevich still insists on a high price. As a result, having interested the landowner in such a dubious deal, the character is going to leave, which Mikhail Semenovich fell for and agreed to a small amount of money.
Thus, Nikolai Vasilyevich shows us a person for whom the main thing in life is to eat well and have benefits even in something that no longer exists. We know that all the peasants are well-fed, but we must understand that this is not for their good life, but so that work can be done, that is, again everything is for Sobakevich. The author directly says that there was absolutely no soul in the body of this landowner, and also compares him with the immortal Koschei. The soul is covered with a thick shell, just like Sobakevich himself in his house, surrounded by a thick shell. wooden fence. This character also demands special attention, showing some of the most unpleasant human vices.
Characteristics of a literary hero
Sobakevich Mikhailo Semenych is a landowner, the fourth “seller” of dead souls. The very name and appearance of this hero (reminiscent of a “medium-sized bear”, the tailcoat he wears is “completely bearish” in color, he steps at random, his complexion is “red-hot, hot”) indicate the power of his nature.
From the very beginning, S.’s image is associated with the theme of money, thriftiness, and calculation (at the moment of entering the village, S. Chichikov dreams of a 200,000-dollar dowry). Talking with Chichikov S., not paying attention to Chichikov’s evasiveness, busily moves on to the essence of the question: “Do you need dead souls?” The main thing for S. is the price, everything else does not interest him. S. bargains with skill, praises his goods (all souls are “like a vigorous nut”) and even manages to deceive Chichikov (slips him “ female soul” – Elizaveta Sparrow). S.'s spiritual appearance is reflected in everything that surrounds him. In his house, all “useless” architectural beauties have been removed. The peasants' huts were also built without any decorations. In S.'s house there are paintings on the walls depicting exclusively Greek heroes who look like the owner of the house. The dark-colored blackbird with speckles and the pot-bellied walnut bureau (“the perfect bear”) are also similar to S. In turn, the hero himself also looks like an object - his legs are like cast iron pedestals. S. is a type of Russian kulak, a strong, prudent master. Its peasants live well and reliably. The fact that S.’s natural strength and efficiency turned into dull inertia is rather not the hero’s fault, but rather the hero’s misfortune. S. lives exclusively in modern times, in the 1820s. From the height of his power, S. sees how the life around him has been crushed. During the bargaining, he remarks: “...what kind of people are these? flies, not people,” much worse than dead people. S. occupies one of the highest places in the spiritual “hierarchy” of heroes, because, according to the author, he has many chances for rebirth. By nature he is endowed with many good qualities, he has rich potential and a powerful nature. Their implementation will be shown in the second volume of the poem - in the image of the landowner Kostanzhoglo.
(No ratings yet)
Other writings:
- Folklore sources Sobakevich’s images of epic and fairy-tale heroes (Eruslan Lazarevich, Ilya Muromets, etc.). Possible literary sources: Taras Skotinin from D. Fonvizia’s comedy “The Minor”, the bear-like robber Burdash from M. Zagoskin’s novel “Yuri Miloslavsky”. The heroic power of Sobakevich (leg shod in Read More......
- Sobakevich is gloomy and clumsy. “When Chichikov looked at Sobakevich, he... seemed to him very similar to a medium-sized bear. To complete the similarity, the tailcoat he was wearing was bear-colored, the sleeves were long, the trousers were long, his feet walked at random... Chichikov looked again Read More ......
- “Dead Souls” was published after the death of A. S. Pushkin, but N. V. Gogol managed to read the first chapters of the poem to him. great poet, who always laughed when reading Gogol, this time became more and more gloomy as the chapters were read. When will Read More......
- Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol is a talented satirist writer. His gift was especially clearly and uniquely manifested in the poem “Dead Souls” when creating images of landowners. The characteristics of the heroes are full of sarcasm when Gogol describes the most worthless people, but vested with the right to dispose of the peasants. The author describes the estates of the landowners, their Read More......
- “Dead souls: from the history of the author’s subjective narration Fragment of the book: Kozhevnikova N. A. Types of narration in Russian literature XIX-XX centuries M., 1994 Different methods of subjective author’s narration, the set of which does not coincide different writers, interact with each other. This can be shown Read More......
- A few words about Gogol's poem: The Adventures of Chichikov, or Dead Souls We do not at all take upon ourselves the important work of giving an account of this new great work of Gogol, who has already become highly respected by previous creations; we consider it necessary to say a few words to indicate Read More......
- When Chichikov looked sideways at Sobakevich, this time he seemed to him very similar to a medium-sized bear. To complete the similarity, the tailcoat he was wearing was completely bear-colored, the sleeves were long, the trousers were long, his feet walked at random and Read More ......
- The poem “Dead Souls” was written in 1841. The Rus' of serfs and officials is described by Gogol with all the ruthlessness of the great realist. The landowner nobility was the main political force in Russia. The landowners owned not only the land, but also the people, just as a person can own Read More......