Tarot and fortune telling
Composition Written by Griboyedov in 1814-1817. The plays “Young Spouses” and “Feigned Infidelity” (in collaboration with A. A. Gendre) are a typical example of traditional secular comedy. “Feigned Infidelity” (a loose translation of the one-act comedy by the 18th-century French playwright Barthes) tells how two sisters decided to teach their lovers a lesson: one for coldness, the other for jealousy. They write Love letters to the third hero - a secular veil who loves to brag about his victories. Both lovers learn about these letters and are indignant. But later the truth is restored, and both pairs are combined happy marriage . Although the heroes bear Russian names, there was no hint of real Russian reality. Convention and tradition - character traits
this play. Love intrigue is the main content of both comedies, notable only for their harmonious composition, light and elegant style, flexibility and harmony of verse.
All these early dramatic experiments, as well as the general level of the then comedy repertoire, did not satisfy Griboyedov much. Informing Katenin in October 1817 that Shakhovskoy had written a new creation - “Empty Houses”, Alexander Sergeevich ridicules the traditional solution to the comedic conflict, the convention and emptiness of the content of this play: “The denouement is neat,” he writes, “the count marries the princess, the prince the princess and they leave for the village, uncle and aunt explain the moral purpose of everything that happened. Masha and Vanka are ashamed, they want to be ashamed, they want to - no, Tsaplin is in the police, Inquartus and many others are fools, the audience will be among them, I think...” Griboedov also turned to the vaudeville genre, which was then in fashion, as Griboedov noted in Repetilov’s monologue in “Woe from Wit.” At the end of 1823, Griboyedov, together with Vyazemsky, wrote the vaudeville “Who is the brother, who is the sister, or Deception after deception.” The vaudeville staged in 1824 was not a great success, but “Woe from Wit” also contains vaudeville motives and situations.
Critical of the then repertoire, Griboyedov shared the views of literary circles associated with the Decembrists, who sought to create high, civilly accusatory and at the same time nationally original comedies, castigating feudal society. It is no coincidence that one of the members literary society « Green lamp"A. Ulybyshev in his political utopia "Dream" (1819), sharply speaking out against imitation foreign literature, paints such a picture of the near future of Russian literature, in particular comedy. “Great events, having broken our shackles, raised us to first place among the peoples of Europe and also revived the almost extinct spark of our national genius. They began to open the fertile and almost untouched vein of our ancient folk literature, and soon a poetic fire flared up from it, which even now burns with such brilliance in our epics and tragedies. Morals, taking on more and more characteristic features that distinguish free peoples, gave rise to us good comedy, an original comedy. Our press is no longer engaged in repeating and increasing the useless number of these translations of French plays, which are outdated even among the people for whom they were composed. So, only by moving away from foreigners, following the example of writers from all countries who created their own national literature, were we able to catch up with them...”
The idea for “Woe from Wit” apparently originated with Griboyedov in 1816. Begichev points out that “he made the plan for this comedy back in St. Petersburg in 1816 and even wrote several scenes; but I don’t know, in Persia or in Georgia, Griboyedov changed it in many ways and destroyed some characters, and by the way, Famusov’s wife, a sentimental fashionista and Moscow aristocrat... and at the same time the already written scenes were thrown out.” Obviously, Griboedov did not immediately decide on the details of the comedy’s content and the form of the plays. His own account of the early plan differs significantly from Begichev's testimony. “The first outline of this stage poem, as it was born in me, was much more magnificent and of higher significance than now in the vain outfit in which I was forced to clothe it,” he wrote.
This sublime concept and its very definition as a “stage poem” were compared with Goethe’s Faust, which combined elements of both drama and poem. We think that Griboyedov planned to create a work that, in its genre originality, was similar to his plans for poetic tragedies about Lomonosov and 1812. Last topic undoubtedly excited Griboyedov’s poetic imagination much earlier than those years when, having finished Woe from Wit, he began to develop a plan for the tragedy. It is possible that the stage poem should have covered the theme of 1812, the fate of Moscow, and the theme of Chatsky. After all, in “Woe from Wit” they merge, but in the lyrical-dramatic plane, and the year 1812 becomes, as it were, both the historical background and the historical source of everything that happens in the comedy.
Over the next three years, Griboyedov hatched his idea and from time to time began to write a comedy. In February 1819, addressing Begichev, he notes: “I am no longer a lazy servant of the muses. I’m writing, my friend, I’m writing, I’m writing, it’s just a pity that there’s no one to read it.” Presumably, it was about “Woe from Wit.” It is also known that in the autumn of the same year, Griboyedov, during a trip from Mozdok to Tiflis, read excerpts to his travel companion, the young officer Prince D. O. Bebutov. “During these days,” writes Bebutov, “Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov arrived from Grozny. He was with Alexei Petrovich Ermolov, who was on an expedition in Chechnya at that time, and was returning to Tiflis; I met him. Griboyedov brought me information about my brother Vasily, who was on the same expedition. So, from Mozdok to Tiflis we rode together and got to know each other briefly. He read me a lot of his poems, including, by the way, from “Woe from Wit,” which he still had in his project at that time.”
In March 1823, Griboyedov went to Moscow. As Begichev’s niece E. P. Sokovnina recalls, in Moscow the writer “continued to finish his comedy “Woe from Wit” and, in order to more accurately capture all the shades of Moscow society, went to dinners and balls, which he had never been in the mood for, and then retired to all day in my office.”5
Griboyedov spent the end of the summer of 1823 on Begichev's Tula estate, where he mostly finished his comedy. " Last Acts“Woe from Wit” was written in my garden, in the gazebo, Begichev says about creative work playwright. - He got up at this time almost with the sun; came to us for dinner and rarely stayed with us long after dinner, but almost always left soon and came to tea. He spent the evening with us and read the scenes he wrote. We always looked forward to this time."
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov; Russian Empire, Moscow; 01/04/1795 – 01/30/1829
Composer, poet, playwright and diplomat A. S. Griboedov left a mark in the history of literature as the author of one work. And although this is not entirely true and many essays, travel notes and comedies came from Griboyedov’s pen, he is remembered mainly for the comedy “Woe from Wit”. It was thanks to the popularity of reading Griboedov’s “Woe from Wit” that the author was included in our rating.
Biography of A. S. Griboyedov
Griboyedov was born in Moscow into a noble family. Since childhood, the boy was distinguished by his lively mind and already at the age of six he was fluent in three languages. After entering the Moscow University Noble Boarding School at the age of nine, he learned three more languages. At the age of 11, he already entered Moscow University, where three years later he became a candidate of literary sciences. But he did not finish his education there and entered first the moral and political faculty, and then the physics and mathematics faculty. At the same time, during his studies he tries himself as a poet. Unfortunately, Griboedov's poems from this time have not survived.
The Patriotic War of 1812 forced Griboedov to volunteer in the hussar regiment, where he served until 1815. It was at the end of 1814 that the publication of first his correspondence and then his comedies began. Since 1817, Griboedov held the position of provincial secretary and then translator. Around this time, he joined the United Friends Masonic Lodge, and then organized his own Masonic Lodge. At the same time, he met with, whose work he always spoke very reverently. 
In 1818, Griboyedov was appointed to the position of secretary under the attorney in Persia. In the same year, he received a slight wound in the arm in a duel. From Tiflis he sends a number of travel notes to his homeland. There, in 1822, Griboedov began working on the comedy “Woe from Wit,” which he read online, which is so popular in our time. Work on the comedy continued during a two-year vacation at home, and in 1824 Griboyedov completed work on the work.
In 1925, immediately after the opportunity to read “Woe from Wit” appeared, Griboyedov was forced to return to service. But at this time he is arrested, suspected of having connections with the Decembrists. Long time is running investigation, but the diplomat and writer are released. In 1826, Griboyedov in Tiflis took part in concluding a very beneficial treaty for Russia. For this he was appointed ambassador to Iran. On the way there, Griboyedov marries Nina Chavchavadze. But their marriage was not destined to last long; upon arrival in Tehran, a maddened crowd of Persians committed a massacre at the Russian diplomatic mission. During it, Griboyedov also dies, who was identified only by the wound left after the duel.
Books by A. S. Griboyedov on the Top books website
As we have already mentioned, Griboyedov got into our rating thanks to the popularity of “Woe from Wit” read. Moreover, this popularity is so high that it allowed the book to take a place in the top twenty and in the ranking. Interest in reading Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit” online is quite stable, which suggests the presence of the book in our next ratings.
All books by Griboedov A.S.
Dramaturgy:
- Georgian night
- Dmitry Dryanskoy
- Young spouses
- Your own family, or a married bride
- Student
- Feigned infidelity
- Interlude sample
- Who is brother, who is sister, or deception after deception
Journalism:
- Country trip
- About cavalry reserves
- On the analysis of the free translation of the Burger ballad “Lenora”
- Letter from Brest-Litovsk to the publisher"
- Special cases of St. Petersburg flood
Griboyedov Alexander Sergeevich is one of the most educated, talented and noble men of the 19th century. An experienced politician, a descendant of the ancient noble family. Scope of it creative activity extensive. He was not only an excellent playwright and poet, the author of the famous “Woe from Wit,” but also talented composer, a polyglot who spoke ten languages.
Alexander Sergeevich was born on January 15, 1795 in Moscow. His parents gave him an excellent education at home. Since 1803, a student at a boarding school at Moscow University. At the age of 11, a student at the same university. The most educated man of his era, while still a student, mastered nine languages, six European and three Eastern. How true patriot his homeland, volunteered for the war with Napoleon. From 1815, he served in the reserve cavalry regiment with the rank of cornet. This is the time when he begins to write articles, his first play “The Young Spouses”. After retiring in the winter of 1816, he lived in St. Petersburg, where he worked in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Here a circle of theatergoers and writers enters, gets acquainted with Pushkin and other poets.
Creation
His first attempts at writing in literary work date back to 1817. These are co-authored plays “Student” (co-author P.A. Katenin) and “Own Family” (wrote the beginning of the second act), collaboration with A.A.Shakhovsky and N.I.Khmelnitsky. The comedy “Feigned Infidelity,” created in collaboration with A.A. Gendre, was staged on the theater stage in Moscow and St. Petersburg throughout 1818. At the same time, he was appointed secretary of the Tsar’s attorney for the Russian mission in Tehran. This event changed a lot in his life. Friends considered the appointment a punishment for participating as a second in a duel between officer V.N. Sheremetev and Count A.P. Zavadovsky because of the ballerina A.I. Istomina. The winter of 1822 was marked by an appointment to a new duty station and the position of secretary for the diplomatic department under the command of General A.P. Ermolov. Here, in Georgia, the first two acts of “Woe from Wit” were born.
In the spring of 1823, Alexander Sergeevich received leave and went to Russia, where he stayed until the end of 1825. The time spent in Russia for Griboyedov was a time of active participation in literary life. Thanks to collaboration with P.A. Vyazemsky, the vaudeville “Who is brother, who is sister, or deception after deception” was created. In 1824, in St. Petersburg, work on the comedy “Woe from Wit” was completed. However, her path turned out to be difficult. The censors did not let the play pass and it was sold in manuscript. Some parts of the comedy were published. But the work of A.S. has already been highly appreciated. Pushkin. A trip to Europe planned in 1825 was postponed due to a call to Tiflis. And at the beginning of the winter of 1826 he was detained in connection with the uprising in Senate Square. The reason was friendship with K.F. Ryleev and A.A. Bestuzhev, publishers of the Polar Star almanac. However, his guilt was not proven; he was released and began service in the fall of 1826.
Last appointment and love
In 1828, he took part in the signing of the beneficial Turkmanchay Peace Treaty. The merits of the talented diplomat were noted by his appointment as Russian Ambassador to Persia. However, he himself was inclined to view this appointment as an exile. Moreover, with this assignment, many creative plans simply collapsed. However, in June 1828 he had to leave St. Petersburg. On the way to Persia, he lived for several months in Tiflis, where he married the 16-year-old Georgian princess Nina Chavchavadze. Their relationship, full of romanticism and love, was imprinted for centuries in her words, engraved on the tombstone of Alexander Sergeevich: “Your mind and deeds are immortal in Russian memory, but why did she outlive you, my love?” They lived only a few months in marriage, but this woman carried loyalty to her husband throughout the rest of her life.
Death
In Persia, British diplomacy, which was against strengthening Russia's position in the East, in every possible way provoked hostility towards Russia. On January 30, 1829, the Russian embassy in Tehran was attacked by a brutal crowd of religious fanatics. A dozen Cossacks, led by Griboedov, who defended the embassy, were brutally killed. But this death once again showed the nobility and courage of this man. The formal reason for the crowd attack on the embassy was the following event. The day before from Sultan's harem Two captured Armenian Christian girls escaped; they sought salvation at the Russian embassy and were accepted. A crowd of Muslims demanded that they be handed over for execution. Griboyedov, as the head of the mission, refused to hand them over and with a dozen Cossacks took on an unequal battle, defending the sisters in faith. All defenders of the mission died, including Griboedov. The coffin with the body was taken to Tiflis, where it was buried in a grotto at the Church of St. David.
A.S. lived only 34 years. Griboyedov. I only managed to create one literary work and two waltzes. But they glorified his name throughout the civilized world.
A.S. Griboedov is a famous Russian playwright, a brilliant publicist, a successful diplomat, one of the smartest people of his time. He entered the list as the author of one work - the comedy "Woe from Wit". However, Alexander Sergeevich’s creativity is not limited to writing the famous play. Everything that this man undertook bears the imprint of unique talent. His fate was decorated extraordinary events. The life and work of Griboedov will be briefly outlined in this article.
Childhood
Griboedov Alexander Sergeevich was born in 1795, on January 4, in the city of Moscow. He was brought up in a wealthy and well-born family. His father, Sergei Ivanovich, was a retired second major at the time of the boy’s birth. Alexander's mother, Anastasia Fedorovna, bore the same last name as a girl as she had when she was married - Griboyedova. The future writer grew up as an unusually developed child. At the age of six he already owned three foreign languages. In his youth, he began to speak fluent Italian, German, French and English. (Ancient Greek and Latin) were also an open book for him. In 1803, the boy was sent to a noble boarding school at Moscow University, where he spent three years.
Youth
In 1806, Alexander Sergeevich entered Moscow University. Two years later he became a candidate of literary sciences. However, Griboyedov, whose life and work are described in this article, did not abandon his studies. He entered first the moral and political department, and then the physics and mathematics department. The young man’s brilliant abilities were obvious to everyone. He could have made an excellent career in science or in the diplomatic field, but war suddenly burst into his life.
Military service
In 1812, Alexander Sergeevich volunteered to join the Moscow Hussar Regiment, commanded by Pyotr Ivanovich Saltykov. The young cornets from the most famous became his colleagues noble families. Until 1815, the writer was at military service. His first literary experiments date back to 1814. Griboyedov's work began with the essay "On Cavalry Reserves", the comedy "Young Spouses" and "Letters from Brest-Litovsk to the Publisher."
in the capital
In 1816, Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov retired. The writer’s life and work began to develop according to a completely different scenario. He met A.S. Pushkin and V.K. Kuchelbecker, became the founder Masonic lodge"Du Bien" and got a job in the diplomatic service as a provincial secretary. In the period from 1815 to 1817, Alexander Sergeevich, in collaboration with friends, created several comedies: “Student”, “Feigned Infidelity”, “Own Family or Married Bride”. Griboyedov's creativity is not limited to dramatic experiments. He's writing critical articles(“On the analysis of the free translation of the Burger ballad “Lenora”) and writes poetry (“Lubochny Theater”).
On South
In 1818, Alexander Sergeevich refused to work as an official in the United States and was appointed secretary to the tsar's attorney in Persia. Before his trip to Tehran, the playwright finished work on the play "Sideshow Trials". Griboedov, whose work was just gaining fame, began keeping travel diaries on the way to Tiflis. These recordings revealed another facet of the writer’s sparkling talent. He was an original author of ironic travel notes. In 1819, Griboedov’s work was enriched with the poem “Forgive me, Fatherland.” Around the same time, he completed work on the “Letter to the Publisher from Tiflis dated January 21.” Diplomatic activities in Persia were very burdensome for Alexander Sergeevich, and in 1821, for health reasons, he moved to Georgia. Here he became close to Kuchelbecker and made the first rough sketches of the comedy "Woe from Wit". In 1822, Griboyedov began work on the drama "1812".
Capital life
In 1823, Alexander Sergeevich managed to leave the diplomatic service for a while. He devoted his life to creating, continued to work on “Woe from Wit”, composed the poem “David”, the dramatic scene “Youth of the Prophet” and the cheerful vaudeville “Who is Brother, Who is Sister or Deception after Deception”. Griboyedov’s creativity, briefly described in this article, was not limited to literary activity. In 1823, the first edition of his popular waltz "e-moll" was published. In addition, Alexander Sergeevich published discussion entries in the magazine "Desiderata". Here he polemicizes with his contemporaries on issues of Russian literature, history and geography.
"Woe from Wit"
In 1824, a great event took place in the history of Russian drama. Finished work on the comedy "Woe from Wit" by A.S. Griboyedov. The work of this talented person will forever remain in the memory of descendants precisely thanks to this work. The bright and aphoristic style of the play contributed to the fact that it was completely “dispersed into quotations.”
The comedy combines elements of classicism and realism and romanticism, innovative for that time. The merciless satire on the capital's aristocratic society of the first half of the 19th century was striking in its wit. However, the comedy "Woe from Wit" was unconditionally accepted by the Russian public. From now on everyone knows and appreciates literary creativity Griboedova. A briefly described play cannot give a complete idea of the genius of this immortal work.
Back to the Caucasus
In 1825, Alexander Sergeevich had to abandon his intention to travel to Europe. The writer needed to return to service, and at the end of May he went to the Caucasus. There he learned Persian, Georgian, Turkish and Arabic languages. On the eve of his trip to the south, Griboedov completed the translation of the fragment “Prologue in the Theater” from the tragedy “Faust”. He also managed to compile notes for the work of D.I. Tsikulina "Unusual adventures and travels...". On the way to the Caucasus, Alexander Sergeevich visited Kyiv, where he talked with prominent figures of the revolutionary underground: S.P. Trubetskoy, M.P. Bestuzhev-Ryumin. After this, Griboyedov spent some time in Crimea. Creativity, briefly presented in this article, has received a new development these days. The writer conceived the idea of creating an epic tragedy about Epiphany in Rus' and constantly kept a travel diary, which was published only thirty years after the death of the author.
Sudden arrest
After returning to the Caucasus, Alexander Sergeevich wrote “Predators on Chegem” - a poem created under the impression of participation in the expedition of A.A. Velyaminova. However, another fateful event soon happened in the life of the writer. In January 1926, he was arrested on suspicion of belonging to the secret society of the Decembrists. Griboedov's freedom, life and work were under threat. A brief biography of the writer gives an understanding of the incredible stress he was under all these days. The investigation was unable to find evidence of Alexander Sergeevich’s involvement in revolutionary movement. Six months later he was released from arrest. Despite his complete rehabilitation, the writer was under secret surveillance for some time.
last years of life
In 1826, in September, A.S. Griboyedov returned to Tiflis. He again took up diplomatic activities. Thanks to his efforts, Russia concluded the beneficial Turkmanchay Peace Treaty. Alexander Sergeevich himself delivered the text of the document to St. Petersburg, received the post of Resident Minister (Ambassador) in Iran and left for his destination. On the way he made a stop in Tiflis. There he met his friend’s grown-up daughter, Nina Chavchavadze. Struck by the beauty of the young girl, the writer immediately proposed to her. He married Nina a few months later - on August 22, 1828. Alexander Sergeevich took his young wife with him to Persia. This gave the happy couple a few more weeks of life together.
Tragic death
In Persia, Alexander Sergeevich had to work hard. He constantly visited Tehran, where he conducted diplomatic negotiations in a very tough manner. The Russian emperor demanded inexorable firmness from his ambassador. For this, the Persians called the diplomat “hard-hearted.” This policy bore its tragic fruits. In 1929, on January 30, the Russian mission was destroyed by a crowd of rioting fanatics. Thirty-seven people died at the embassy. Among them was A.S. Griboyedov. His torn body could later be identified only by his left hand, which had been injured in his youth. This is how one of the most gifted people of his time died.
Many literary projects Griboyedov never had time to complete it. The creativity briefly described in this article is replete with unfinished works and talented sketches. One can understand what a gifted writer Russia lost at that moment.
A table of Griboyedov’s life and work is presented below.
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov was born. |
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1806 - 1811 | The future writer is studying at Moscow University. |
Griboyedov joins the Moscow Hussar Regiment with the rank of cornet. |
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Alexander Sergeevich resigns and begins social life in the capital. |
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Griboyedov becomes an employee |
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1815-1817 | The playwright writes his first comedies, independently and in collaboration with friends. |
Alexander Sergeevich takes the post of secretary of the Russian diplomatic mission in Tehran. |
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The writer finished work on the poem "Forgive me, Fatherland!" |
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Griboyedov is involved as a secretary in the diplomatic unit under General A.P. Ermolov, commander of all Russian troops in the Caucasus. |
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Alexander Sergeevich is finishing work on the comedy "Woe from Wit". |
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1826, January | Griboyedov is arrested on suspicion of connections with Decembrist rebels. |
Alexander Sergeevich is released from custody. |
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Begins Russian-Persian war. Griboyedov goes to serve in the Caucasus. |
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Conclusion of the Turkmanchay Peace Treaty, signed with the direct participation of Griboyedov |
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1828, April | Alexander Sergeevich is appointed to the post of Plenipotentiary Minister-Resident (Ambassador) to Iran. |
Griboedov is married to Nina Chavchavadze. The wedding location is Tiflis Sioni Cathedral. |
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Alexander Sergeevich dies during the defeat of the Russian mission in Tehran. |
Even an abbreviated sketch of Griboyedov’s life and work gives an idea of what an extraordinary personality Alexander Sergeevich was. His life turned out to be short, but surprisingly fruitful. Until the end of his days he was devoted to his homeland and died defending its interests. These are the people our country should be proud of.
Alexander Griboyedov is a great Russian playwright, poet, musician and state councilor. Few people know that in addition to his writing activities, he was also an outstanding diplomat.
Biography of Griboyedov
In 1808, the young man continued his studies at the same university at the Faculty of Ethics and Politics.
After 2 years, he received his PhD degree and remained in educational institution study natural sciences.
In parallel with this, Griboyedov was interested in music, and even composed compositions. Unfortunately, only of his music has survived to this day.
Griboedov's entourage
Griboyedov's friends were children from noble families. In addition, he had close relationships with the future, discussing various “forbidden” topics with them. In this regard, he was similar to another great writer -.
Alexander had keen sense humor, and was also an extremely smart, resourceful and cheerful person. Thanks to these qualities, he was the soul of any company.
Griboyedov also loved to talk with people belonging to the intelligentsia. He often spent time with diplomats, poets, artists and musicians.
An interesting fact is that he maintained friendly relations with Griboyedov, considering him one of the most smart people.
At the age of 19, he wrote the comedy “The Young Spouses.” After its production in theaters, the comedy received many positive reviews from ordinary viewers and critics.
After this, Griboyedov wrote several more works, and also translated the comedy “Feigned Infidelity” into French.
Duel
One day, Lieutenant Sheremetyev admitted to Griboyedov that the dancer he loved had cheated on him with Count Zavadovsky.
In this regard, Sheremetyev challenged the count to a duel, asking Griboyedov to become his second.
Alexander Sergeevich spent a long time trying to persuade his friend to give up this idea, but he never agreed.
As a result, the duel took place, and the poor lieutenant was mortally wounded in the stomach.
Perhaps the matter would have ended there, but a quarrel occurred between Yakubovich, Zavadsky’s second, and Griboedov, which also led them to a duel.
But since the wounded Sheremetyev had to be urgently taken to the hospital, they decided to postpone the fight.
As a result, the duel took place the following year, 1818. On it, the poet was wounded in the hand.
Political biography
In 1818, the tsarist official Simon Mazarovich invited Griboedov to take the position of secretary of the embassy in Persia, to which he immediately agreed.
Over the course of 3 years of work, Alexander Sergeevich perfectly mastered a new language.
He even began to write poetry in Persian. However, being in a foreign land was a burden for the diplomat, and he constantly dreamed of returning to his homeland.
Possessing a deep intelligence and high culture, Griboyedov managed to achieve outstanding results in the diplomatic field.
He made a huge contribution to the drafting of the Turkmanchay Treaty, and also played an important role during the Russian-Persian War.
In Tehran, Alexander Griboyedov worked on a peace treaty, the terms of which the Persians did not want to fulfill.
Soon, a fatal event occurred in the diplomat’s biography, leading to a tragic death.
Embassy incident
While engaged in diplomatic affairs, Griboedov managed to pick up two Armenian women from the harem of Persian Prime Minister Allahyar Khan, whom he planned to send to their homeland.
However, the offended Allayar Khan began to secretly incite the people to unrest. This led to a crowd of religious fanatics beginning to threaten the life of the diplomat.
One more fact should be added here. The fact is that Griboyedov had a servant named Alexander. So, when the former concubines were brought to the embassy in order to later send them to, the servant began to pester them.
Women who did not want to leave for their homeland, where poverty awaited them, took advantage of the moment and, jumping out into the street, began shouting that they were being dishonored.
At that same moment, an angry crowd of Persians attacked those who were in the embassy. A bloody massacre began, during which the guards and all the officials and servants were killed.
Death of Griboyedov
When the mad crowd burst into Griboyedov's room, he and amazing tranquility asked what they wanted. Since the diplomat spoke pure Persian, this confused the raging people.
However, suddenly a stone fell on Alexander Sergeevich’s head, since the rebels had already dismantled the ceiling by that time.
Immediately, several dozen Persians, blinded by anger, attacked the unconscious diplomat, and they began to furiously chop him down with sabers.
Griboedov's corpse was so mutilated that he could only be identified by the scar on his hand, which remained after the duel with Yakubovich.
An interesting fact is that Griboedov had the opportunity to hide from attack in Armenian Church, but he refused it.
Of all the members of the embassy, only Ivan Maltsev survived, who managed to hide in a chest.
After the tragedy, state mourning was declared in Tehran. Thus, the authorities tried to demonstrate regret about the robbery attack on the Russian embassy.
Then, in order to hush up the crime of his people, the Persian Shah sent Russian Empire grandson with many expensive gifts, among which was the Shah diamond, decorated with various precious stones.
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov was killed on January 30, 1829 at the age of 34. His body was taken to Tiflis and buried on Mount Mtatsminda, in a grotto near the Church of St. David.
A few months later, Alexander Pushkin visited the playwright’s grave.
Personal life
The only wife in Griboyedov’s biography was Nina Chavchavadze, whom he married a year before his death.
At the time of the massacre in Tehran, the girl was 8 months pregnant. In order not to bother her with tragic news, they tried to hide the fact of her husband’s death.
However, Nina’s relatives decided to tell her about it, because they were afraid that she would find out about her husband’s death from strangers.
Having learned about the defeat of the Russian mission and the murder of her husband by a crowd of fanatics, she began to cry quietly. A few days later she went into premature labor, as a result of which the baby did not survive.
Alexander Griboyedov and his wife - Nina Chavchavadze After this, Nina remained alone until the end of her days, forever remaining faithful to her late husband. Soon they began to call her the “black rose of Tiflis.”
At her husband’s grave, Nina Chavchavadze erected a monument with the inscription: “Your mind and deeds are immortal in Russian memory, but why did my love survive you!”
Creativity of Griboyedov
After reading this work, Pushkin said that “half of the poems should become proverbs.” This is what happened in the future.
It is worth noting that the play aroused criticism from the authorities, since it denounced the ruling regime.
Monument to Griboyedov in Moscow on Chistoprudny Boulevard An interesting fact is that the name of this work appears in the song "Red and Yellow Days".
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