How to determine the favorable location of a gas station. Planning of investment contributions and tasks. Information about personnel, taxes, profitability

22.09.2019

Good afternoon. The question is “how much does a gas station earn?” I asked myself in the spring of 2013. It so happened that I found, not far from where I live, an urban-type village with a population of 5,000 inhabitants and the nearest gas station at a distance of 20 km from the village!

The introductory conditions are interesting and I began to find out how much it costs to open a gas station and what is needed for this. There is very little information all over the Internet and it is extremely scarce; there is one article from the early 2000s that the gasoline business is akin to investing in thoroughbred horses, etc. no specifics... I had no idea that fuel trading would be so interesting!

Having driven through the village, I found a plot of 18 acres priced at only 120,000 rubles with a 0.4 sq.m. line running nearby. and at a distance of 50 meters from the nearest residential buildings. Therefore, the site complies with the requirements of NPB 111-98 (requirements for gas stations). I didn’t tell the owners the purpose of the purchase, and was able to bargain for 40,000 rubles, since the land was not suitable for agricultural needs without serious investments, I agreed that in a month I would make a deal (why I did this - the decision had not yet been made that the business should be and therefore it’s simply stupid to spend money).

In the spring of 2013, a ton of AI92 gasoline cost 32,500 rubles with a value added tax of 18% and all excise taxes. There are 1300 liters in a ton of gasoline; gasoline at the gas station cost 27.5 rubles. per liter we consider 32500-18% = 26650 rubles. cost per ton excluding VAT (an organization on OSN can partially refund VAT, since it is not). Thus, the cost of a liter is 26650/1300 = 20.5 rubles. From the calculation above, it turns out that on 1 (one!) liter of gasoline, a gas station earns 7 rubles in profit (though only until the VAT credit ends). For other types of fuel the numbers are different, but the order is similar. Thus, the gas station makes a markup of 1-2 rubles on each liter sold, with this money employees’ wages, utility bills and other expenses are paid, and the VAT refund pays for the gas station.

After the VAT refund ends, the numbers will become much sadder.....

How much does a gas station earn per liter of gasoline?

In reality in 2013, 5-7 rubles.

In reality in 2017 - 1-2 rubles per liter, the main income is from a store with a companion.

In principle, these are very good figures, but after talking with the real owners of existing gas stations, I realized that the gas station works normally, having a spill of 3 cubic meters per day, according to my estimates, 2 was not bad.

WITH how much does a gas station cost?

In fact, it’s not that expensive, but new rules were recently adopted and as a result, old container gas stations cannot be registered according to them (they do not meet the requirements), but corruption will solve this problem used. a container costs about 150,000, they need to be based on the number of types of fuel, or a new one costs from a million for 3 types of fuel, I considered 80th, 92nd and DT (a village is not a metropolis).

Thus, to open a container gas station on a leased site, you can spend 2 million (purchase of a used container gas station, renting a site for a year, initial purchase of fuel). In my case, even with a freehold plot this would have worked. (in reality in 2017 *3)

A stationary gas station costs a little more, where the amounts start from 4 million on a rented site, on your own it is correspondingly more expensive since the price of the site will also be included in the opening cost, but I was not interested in detail about stationary gas stations so I am not competent.

Just at the time when I began to be interested in the topic of gas stations and called suppliers of container gas stations, our glorious government decided that gas should also be sold at every gas station. Since the rules of the game are changing, at this time I did not dare to enter the market and try to open a gas station (this is an excuse from 13 years old... like I’m not a sucker... but in fact they couldn’t coordinate the site with the fire supervision).

In principle, installing a gas tank and a water pump is just as feasible, but a gas filling station in that village definitely won’t pay for itself in today’s conditions (I don’t think there are gas-fuelled cars there), but it costs, used, another 500,000, I gave up the idea of opening Gas station in that village.

The figures for gas filling are as follows.

There are two types of gas - natural methane - compressed gas, combined natural gas; Gazprom has a monopoly on this type of gas station; there are still few cars running on methane, but the future lies with this fuel) I doubt that you will be able to open a methane gas station (and the earnings figures there are modest since they don’t refuel many cars, and the facility is quite dangerous

The next type of gas is liquefied propane gas, it is quite common and costs about half of 92 gasoline, but its consumption is slightly higher. Liquefied gas is sold wholesale in tons, a ton of gas contains almost 1900 liters (depending on the season), but at gas stations it is sold in liters) the price of a ton at the time of writing this article is about 16,000 rubles, and a liter at a gas station costs 15.50 + cheating with VAT, but the spillage at gas stations is less than at gasoline stations and this facility is more dangerous.

How much a gas station earns, a gas station - as much as it spills, the spill depends on the quality of the fuel and the location of the gas station, but in 2017, most gas stations, not chain ones, earn money from the store at the gas station that sells related products.....

P.S. here is a dirty quote - investing in the fuel business is like investing in thoroughbred horses)))))))))

If you can find a place where there are few gas stations (there are none within 20 km) and a lot of cars, go for it and may you do better than me.

Anecdote on the topic:

The director of one gas station caused the envy of all his competitors, because in a short period his income increased fivefold. One of the competitors found out what was going on.
- Well, this guy is cunning! - he says. — I found four dazzling girls who serve clients and hung slogans everywhere:
“Every time gas prices go up, our skirts get shorter.”

Investing your savings in the gasoline business is like buying a thoroughbred stallion. First you have to invest quite a lot a large sum: “blue” blood is not cheap, and in order for a stallion to grow up smooth, playful and agile, you also have to try. However, you will soon realize that your money was not wasted. The new business will not only return the money spent in full, but will also bring significant profit. If, of course, you follow all the rules for maintaining and caring for your source of income. And, of course, you will learn a number of necessary subtleties, and our gas station business plan will help you with this.

Map of gasoline influences

First, let's take a look around and determine on the ground how much this sector of the economy has been developed. There is no doubt that activity in this area is increasing noticeably every day. Gas stations appear like mushrooms after rain. Today there are about 1.5 thousand of them in the Moscow region alone. Naturally, the gas station owners are different.

On this moment Several major players emerged at once. Among them are LUKOIL, YUKOS, Rosneft, Slavneft, Sibneft, TNK, Tatneft. However, it is too early to consider this market to be permanently divided. Because its active restructuring is currently underway.

Back in the mid-90s. the state distributed the regions among different large oil companies. Rosneft got the center of Russia, in particular Moscow, Smolensk and some other regions. TNK received the Ryazan region, YUKOS - Buryatia. Each company developed a business strictly in the territory allotted to it, built its own infrastructure there - oil refineries, oil depots, a network of gas stations, and did not try to penetrate the neighbor’s fence.

Until 2001, all major oil companies strictly adhered to the established rules of the game. And then the picture began to change dramatically - the main players stopped complying with territorial obligations and began to penetrate into areas of interest to them, becoming competitors of the structures already deployed there. Thus, Sibneft was actually the last to enter the Central Russian market. Therefore, she had to seize territories that already belonged to someone. Now the company is poorly represented in the Moscow region, but has already “set its eye” on part of this market. And LUKOIL, which had not previously sought to enter the capital, set itself the task of owning more than a hundred gas stations in Moscow and the Moscow region. It is planned that the company's share in this market will be 10%. In fact, such tactics of diversifying investments are now very popular among large players: in each region, giant companies are trying to cover approximately this market segment.

However, the aggressive policy also has its advantage - it benefits the consumer, because the giants are doing their best to promote their brands in the country. How can you surprise a buyer who is unaccustomed to commodity shortages these days? Only the level of service and the quality of the product.

However, despite the active changes, there are still uninhabited areas in the oil business, i.e. free places. And if you are excited about the idea of entering this market, then it is better to immediately choose your path. You can do everything yourself: build your own gas station and run your business completely independently. That is, to become a so-called “jobber”. Another option is to organize a company under the trademark of a well-known oil company, entering into a franchising relationship with it.

Today at large quantities There are both direct subsidiaries of LUKOIL, YUKOS, Rosneft and other major players, as well as private owners. Moreover, many oil companies are rapidly revising plans for the construction of new gas stations towards intensification, trying to have time to acquire their own trading network before the general fall in prices for export oil. Experts believe that by 2005 the market retail It will be saturated with gasoline and new pumps will not be needed.

Gas station construction cost

First, you will have to rent land and acquire special licenses for storing oil, gas and their products. Licenses are issued by the Ministry of Fuel and Energy. However, you should not be afraid of difficulties. There is a very small fee for processing documents at the ministry.

But you will have to pay for the right to build a gas station on a specific site. Land, for example in the Moscow region, with registration of all necessary documents will cost $100,000. There are companies that, for this money, will take care of all the paperwork and organizational red tape and bring ready-made documents to your office. The high cost is explained by the fact that in Russia there are quite strict construction standards, and hence the need to coordinate construction documents with various authorities.

It is for this reason that mini-gas stations are not yet possible in our country, as is customary in many Western countries. But a small gasoline container and just one pump on the sidewalk in Paris, for example, bring huge profits. Alas, our SNiPs and rules do not allow us to conduct business in this way. Therefore, there is not a single gas station inside the boulevard ring in Moscow. They say it’s close to home – less than 30 m. Although such trade would be extremely profitable. Any aspiring gasoline seller, when choosing a potential location for his gas station, should keep this figure in mind.

Naturally, you cannot do without special equipment. The cheapest minimum set of 2 columns and a computer costs $40,000. But two columns are too small a gas station, although they are capable of dispensing several types of fuel at once. Usually there are at least four pumps at a gas station. Of course, there are differences between columns: there are cheaper models, and there are more expensive ones. Typically, savvy businessmen spend from $100,000 to $200,000 on equipment.

And everything else: access roads, a building for the operator, gasoline tanks - at a minimum - from $50,000. This is if you decide to do without a store, car wash and auto repair shop. But at first they are not necessary. In general, a turnkey gas station costs $500,000. This includes all permits, land and other associated costs.

The most important thing is not to get too carried away with bank loans in pursuit of future profits. Now gas stations of many companies are mortgaged for debts. Their owners took out a loan and built a gas station with the money they received. However, they were in no hurry to repay the debt, and they took out a new loan as collateral for the finished gas station in order to build another gas station. The result was a pyramid. Moreover, it is quite shaky. Such a business can disappear in an instant. Well, if the margin received from the gas station is high, then perhaps there will be enough money for everything. It will also be possible to repay the debt. What if there is a crisis? Or will wholesale fuel prices skyrocket? In such situations, gasoline sales volumes at gas stations fall, and gas stations built on the word of honor are threatened with bankruptcy.

Franchising

Many gasoline sellers believe that the favorable location of a gas station and its technical equipment do not guarantee sustainable profits. That's why so-called franchising is popular today. A small gas station owner, using the brand of one of the well-known oil companies, increases sales. As the experience of the Smolensk region has shown, only moving under the wing of LUKOIL doubles the sale of gasoline at an ordinary private gas station.

A franchise agreement costs a gas station owner only $700 per year. In fact, this is a rental fee for a well-known trademark. At first, nothing else will be required from you. But in exchange you can receive gasoline of proven quality. If, of course, this is geographically possible. When choosing a patron company, first find out if there is an oil depot or oil refinery that it owns near you. Otherwise, there may be interruptions in the supply of quality fuel. After all, you can’t carry gasoline from afar: the capacity of the most common ZIL fuel tanker is 12 cubic meters. m, and more powerful cars are able to transport up to 40 cubic meters. m.

Keep in mind that when concluding a franchising agreement with you, after some time the company will require detailed compliance with its corporate identity. According to large companies, this increases the competitiveness of gas stations. For example, LUKOIL has released an entire brochure with recommendations on the use of corporate identity for gas stations cooperating with it. This brochure covers every detail: what size and color signs should be, what uniforms staff should wear, at what height flags should be hung, and even how to place trash cans. So, you will have to rebuild the gas station according to a certain standard. Remodeling can be very expensive - up to $150,000. In order not to waste money, it is better to build a gas station for “someone” from the very beginning.

Where and how much to buy gasoline

An important element of the gasoline business is a close relationship with the tank farm or refinery. Here you can negotiate better wholesale prices and arrange the most convenient mode for receiving goods. For example, on consignment terms. However, no matter how much you flirt directly with the oil depot, experience still shows that it is most profitable to establish relations with a large oil company that has both its own oil depot and the rest of the infrastructure. This guarantees the quality of gasoline.

To better navigate the wholesale fuel prices, it is useful to use the Internet. The most complete and up-to-date information is on the website www.kortes.ru. Daily information costs about $50. However, there is also a free way - through the Internet exchange for the sale and purchase of petroleum products (www.nge.ru). True, analytical information about market trends is still provided for money.

Prices today in the European part of Russia.

The highest selling prices for gasoline grades A-76/80, A-92 and AI-95/96 are from the Kinef plant (Surgutneftegaz Oil Company) - 9015.6; 11763.6 and 12813.6 rubles/t, respectively.

Lowest selling price:

for gasoline grade A-76/80 from the Salavat NOS plant - 6612.0 rubles/t;

for gasoline grade A-92/93 at the Moscow Refinery (NK Sibneft) - 8500.0 rubles/t;

for AI-95/96 gasoline from the NK Slavneft plant (Yaroslav NOS) - 10,000.0 rubles/t.

Highest price:

for winter diesel fuel at the Ukhtaneftepererabotka plant (LUKOIL Oil Company) - 8500.0 rubles/t;

for summer diesel fuel at LUKOIL plants (Nizhny Novgorod NOS and Volgogradneftepererabotka) - 7450.0 rubles/t.

The lowest price:

for winter diesel fuel at the Nizhnekamsk Oil Refinery (NK Tatneft) - 6,700.0 rubles/t;

for summer diesel fuel from the Salavat NOS plant - 5800.0 rubles/t.

Prices today outside the Urals.

The highest selling prices for gasoline of the A-76/80, A-92/93 and Ai-95/96 brands are at the Angarsk Petrochemical Company (NK YUKOS) - 8200.1; 10200.0 and 11600.2 rubles/t, respectively.

The lowest price:

for gasoline grade A-76/80 - Surgut ZSK - 6832.0 rubles/t;

for gasoline grades A-92/93 and AI-95/96 - Omsk Oil Refinery (NK Sibneft) - 8900.0 and 10300.0 rubles/t, respectively.

The highest selling prices for summer and winter diesel fuel are at the Angarsk Petrochemical Company (NK YUKOS) - 6600.0 and 9400.1 rubles/t, respectively.

The cheapest summer and winter diesel fuel is from the Omsk Refinery (NK Sibneft) - 6200.0 and 8500.0 rubles/t, respectively.

Selling prices include all indirect taxes: excise duty, value added tax (VAT), tax on the sale of fuels and lubricants (NDF).

We must remember that this does not always happen. The Tax Code allows excise taxes to be collected both from oil refineries and tank farms, and from gas stations. Therefore, when buying gasoline, you need to pay attention to what exactly is included in the selling price of fuel. Indeed, depending on this, the price gap can be significant. The excise tax in Russia for A-76(80) gasoline is 2190 rubles/t, for A-92 and A-95 - 3000 rubles/t, for diesel fuel - 890 rubles/t.

Safety

There is an opinion that the gasoline business is criminal. However, the level of its criminalization is no higher than throughout the country. Organs local authorities are not interested in the death of the enterprise that lays the “golden eggs”. True, in response they force owners to take maximum precautions. A modern gas station should resemble a banking institution, and not an ordinary minimarket. Doors and windows should certainly be made armored, and the cashier and his equipment should not be visible. Plus, the cashier under no circumstances has the right to work time open the door and go outside.

Every gas station must have a panic button. According to the agreement, a police team will urgently arrive at the gas station if something happens. The contract costs little: on the highway - 1000 rubles. per month, in the city - 7,000 rubles. per month. If there is a store, then it should still have its own paramilitary security. Salaries of security guards can vary greatly - from 3,000 rubles. up to $3000

Opinion Now the market is gradually becoming saturated, and it is not so much the supply of gasoline that is coming to the fore, but the desire to provide the buyer with a quality product. Today this is the basis of competition. A High Quality can only be achieved if the company has a vertically integrated structure. That is, everything: refineries, oil depots, and gas stations.

It may not be profitable to transport gasoline directly from refineries, because... it may be very far from the gas station. Then supply disruptions cannot be ruled out. You never know what will happen along the way, and the fuel truck will not arrive on time. At this time, gas at the gas station will run out. We'll have to contact the nearest oil depots. What you will get from them is not known in advance. Typically, companies deliver approximately 100 tons of fuel to the oil depot and place it in storage. And then, as needed, they take the same amount. As a rule, what they get back is not their own gasoline: either brought by another company, or completely mixed. After all, other enterprises can deposit gasoline of their production. And who will guarantee that their products are the same? good level, like yours? As a result, the quality of the goods received may decline.

Until now, almost all major sellers are content with socialized gasoline. There is nowhere else to get another one. So gas station employees have to acquire so-called samples: small bottles that are sealed immediately after the gasoline is delivered to the gas station. Even the driver autographs them, saying he handed over the gas. normal quality under personal responsibility. This will be required in case of litigation, if you have to make claims against the oil depot.

So far, 90% of gasoline on the market is, alas, low-octane A-80. It is not suitable for a normal car. Therefore, with the help of special additives it is brought to the level of 92 or 95. However, this does not mean that gasoline becomes excellent. We must remember that quality attracts buyers. People are ready, if anything, to wait even a day and not refuel, just to get good fuel. Quality is the main thing now! Companies are making extraordinary decisions. For example, LUKOIL tints its gasoline so that car owners know: this fuel came directly from the proprietary LUKOIL oil depot, and a car filled with it will not suddenly stop.

Personnel

The main problem for gas stations is staffing. Especially if the station is located far from a large populated area. Qualified personnel are difficult to find. A gas station employee must, at a minimum, be proficient in using a personal computer. However, often people who offer themselves cannot even find “enter” on the keyboard.

According to the rules, each gas station employee must have a special certificate confirming his professional training. Therefore, it is necessary to either outbid specialists or teach them. However, a whole training system has been established. As part of oil inspection, there are mandatory courses. If you want to sell gasoline, send your employees there for training. The cost of the courses is about 2000 rubles. per person. Moreover, everyone must complete them: drivers, cashiers, and gas station attendants. The oil inspectorate then certifies the workers.

Control

The quality of gas station work is monitored by a number of inspection organizations. And you must always be prepared for this. For example, oil inspection representatives often visit gas stations completely unexpectedly.

However, in addition to them, there are other inspectors: the trade inspectorate, the tax service, firefighters. However, you shouldn’t be afraid of the latter. Compliance with fire safety rules is primarily beneficial to the owner of a gas station, because it is better to sit “on a powder keg” with insurance. As for the tax authorities, experience shows that it is not profitable to run away from taxes at gas stations. It is better to trade conscientiously and stay in this market longer, because the profit is already quite sufficient.

Sales standards

If we talk about the provinces, then usually a gas station sells an average of 3-5 cubic meters. m of gasoline per day. However, if you clearly care about the quality of your product, you can increase these indicators. Today, when there is no shortage of gasoline to speak of, it is quality that enters the battle for the buyer. Thus, the experience of the Smolensk branch of LUKOIL showed that it is possible to sell 10-15 cubic meters. m of gasoline per day and even higher. Average sales data for gasoline in Smolensk and the Smolensk region are presented in table. 1, 2. In general, the sales record belongs to the gas station located at 99 km of the Moscow-Minsk highway - 100 cubic meters. m per day.

Table 1. Average daily sales of fuel and lubricants at gas stations in Smolensk (44 gas stations)

Brand Volume, cubic meters m

Table 2. Average daily sales of fuels and lubricants at gas stations in the Smolensk region. (194 gas stations)

Brand Volume, cubic meters m

The turnover and profitability of gas stations largely depend on the location of the station. If you work on a franchising basis, then the choice of the company under whose flag the fuel is sold also plays a significant role. Great importance has the quality of the roads on which the gas station is located. A simple example. In 1998 After the crisis, the flow of transport decreased by 4-5 times. They started buying less gasoline. Only now the sales level has recovered. Now other criteria are important. The flow of traffic is affected by the road surface. People don't want to drive on bad roads, killing their car. And if there are potholes and potholes around the gas station, it means they won’t come there for gasoline. It is obvious that in the near future, gasoline competition in the domestic market will force entrepreneurs to take up the roads.

There are other ways to attract clients. Increasingly, gas station owners are starting to build gas station complexes. There you can buy gasoline, wash and repair your car, and at the same time eat and even spend the night. The pioneers were British Petroleum gas stations. There are McDonald's restaurants next to some of their gas stations.

Now everyone wants to do this. LUKOIL has entered into contracts with Rostix, and the sale of fried chicken will be organized at its gas stations. YUKOS took the Kopeyka chain of stores as its partners.

Professional tricks

In this business there are some small, but quite expensive tricks. And the owner of a gas station must constantly remember this. Thus, it is known that gasoline greatly increases in volume at high temperatures. Employees of oil depots and gas stations often play on this, stealing goods. For example, a fuel truck driver on a summer day can stock up on canisters so that along the way he can drain the fuel that has increased in volume from a tank hot in the sun. When the tank is large, the volume of “extra” gasoline becomes substantial. As a result, your losses increase. Let's say 1 liter of 92 gasoline costs 10 rubles. The canister contains 20 liters. And there may be a dozen of these canisters! So at one point, 100 of your dollars disappeared into the driver’s pockets.

Gasoline receivers are also cunning: during acceptance, they forcefully “stick the measuring stick” into the gasoline storage container. This causes the liquid to splash and form a wave. This is where the amount of gasoline is measured. True, the volume is determined by the lower risk, in the place where the wave just left.

As a result, the drained liquid remains unaccounted for. Pennies, at first glance. But when we are talking about a capacity of 100 tons, then one division is equal to several thousand rubles. And this can happen day after day.

In order not to burn out on gasoline, you again need to take into account a number of subtleties related to the specifics of this substance. For example, it is known that gasoline evaporates quickly, especially in the summer. Moreover, the higher its octane number, the faster the evaporation process occurs. Therefore, if your gas station is located on the highway, you should not stock up on expensive 98-grade gasoline on a hot day. Limousines rarely drive there, and waiting for all the gasoline to evaporate is, to say the least, stupid. Every day the losses are estimated at thousands of rubles.

Of course, in this business, as in many others, there is always a rate of attrition. It is included in the tonnage when purchasing flammable substances. This rate is not high, about the same as in the alcoholic beverage industry - 0.01%. But when large volumes the loss can result in a very significant figure. So it is better to always try to cut your losses.

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How to open a gas station: business advantages

It’s not for nothing that many entrepreneurs look towards the oil business, because it is in this area that you can earn really huge money, and in a short time.

And if it is almost impossible to get into the oil production or oil refining sector without great connections and billions of dollars in capital investments, then even average entrepreneurs can open a gas station.

This business has other advantages:

People always need gasoline and gas, which cars run on.
No matter how much electric cars or alternative fuel sources are advertised, they cannot replace gasoline and gas in the near future.
Despite the fact that opening a gas station requires large capital investments, it is quite possible to recoup them in one and a half to two years.
It’s not for nothing that the kings of gas stations are considered the richest among entrepreneurs.
You have a choice: build your own gas station under your own brand or use a franchise of a well-known brand, such as Lukoil or TNK.
Gas stations practically do not need an advertising campaign: if you offer products of decent quality, do not inflate prices and are located along a road with a lot of traffic, then you don’t have to advertise your gas station at all.
You can easily create competitive advantages to attract as many customers as possible.

What difficulties might you encounter if you try to open a gas station?

In addition to the advantages, this business also has its disadvantages.

Those who want to open a gas station should be aware of the difficulties you may encounter:

Gas stations are classified as dangerous, so you will need to get a lot of permits, fill out a lot of paperwork, and pay a lot of fees to open a gas station.
Competition in this sector is quite high, and it is especially difficult for small players among national giants.
You will have to spend a lot of money to open this business and, if you do not have millions to spare, then it is better to look for a simpler and cheaper business to start.
You will have to invest money not only at the gas station construction stage, but also after the opening of the facility to continue investing funds to ensure the safety of your gas station.
The registration period can last for six months or longer, especially if you are not going to seek professional legal assistance, but want to open a gas station yourself.

Is it better to open your own gas station or use a franchise?

Interesting fact:
The most low prices for gasoline are recorded in countries such as Saudi Arabia, where one liter costs only $0.16, in Libya, where you have to pay only $0.14 per liter, and in Venezuela, where a liter of high-quality gasoline costs only $0.05.

Gas station owners have a hard time, especially at the stage of launching a startup, when they need to knock around government offices in the hope of speeding up the issuance of documents, and building a gas station from scratch is a long and expensive process.

If you still want to open a gas station, but are afraid that you do not have enough money and energy to implement the idea, then it is better to use a franchise from a well-known company.

Opening a gas station as a franchise means taking advantage of many advantages:

You will work under the auspices of an experienced partner and will always be able to receive both consulting and other assistance.
You will bypass the most difficult stage (registration procedure) without any problems, because you will receive a ready-made package of documents.
Drivers trust well-known brands more, because they believe that they sell high-quality gasoline, than new brands.
You don’t have to agonize over the design of the premises, the search for equipment, or the concept of a gas station, because you will receive a project that is ready for implementation.
Getting a bank loan for a franchise business is much easier than for one starting from scratch.

But there is only one drawback to a gas station opened under a franchise: annually you will have to pay at least 40,000 rubles for using the brand, but this is a small amount if you take into account the possible income of the gas station.

How to open a gas station: competitive advantages

As already mentioned, competition in this sector is really intense.

Those who are thinking about how to open a gas station from scratch will have to fight not only with monopolists such as Lukoil, TNK or Yukos, but also with smaller players for the attention of customers.

Fortunately for entrepreneurs, this business allows you to create competitive advantages that will help you quickly acquire regular gas station customers:

Good location.
Moving a gas station somewhere out of town and not located on the main highway only makes sense when you are going to sell excellent gasoline at a price slightly lower than that of your competitors.
Otherwise, it is better not to take risks and locate your gas station at the intersection of main traffic flows.
Reasonable pricing policy.
Under no circumstances should prices be raised.
If you really offer excellent quality fuel, then you can set your prices a little higher than your competitors.
But a large price gap will lead to loss of customers.
Issuing discount or savings cards to regular gas station customers or some other loyalty program for them.
Friendly staff: cashiers who greet you with a smile, gas attendants who you don’t have to look for throughout the gas station, etc.
Good infrastructure: clean and comfortable toilets, opportunity to drink tea/coffee, have a snack, shop on site, etc.
Pleasant bonuses in holidays.
For example, in honor of March 8, you give a 3% discount to every lady driving who stops at your gas station, give a flower and treat you to a cup of coffee.
Honesty when doing business: you do not dilute gasoline, do not deceive customers in other ways, for example, by not adding 300-400 ml to them each time, etc.
Excellent service: for example, the client does not even need to get out of the car, because the gas station attendant takes the money from him, takes it to the cashier, returns with a receipt, and then refueles the car.
Nice free bonuses: washing glass and headlights, checking tires, etc.

How to open a gas station: calendar plan

Be prepared for the fact that opening a gas station is a lengthy process; the registration period alone will last at least six months.

But you will also have to build the gas station itself, hire staff, negotiate with suppliers, etc.

You shouldn’t hope that you can open a gas station faster than 10–12 months after you have the idea.

Stage	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
Registration and paperwork
Site rental and construction
Personnel search
Fuel delivery
Opening

Registration procedure to open a gas station

In order to open a gas station, you can register both as and as.

It is still better to opt for the second option (although it is longer and more expensive), because this way you can deal with both physical and legal entities, which will be an advantage for the gas station owner.

After which you receive OKVE codes, register with the Tax Service and prepare a project for the future complex, which must receive approval from government services.

It is better if you entrust the registration procedure professional lawyer– this will allow you to save precious time.

So, those who are interested in how to open a gas station need to worry about contracts:

about renting the land plot where your gas station will be located, and obtaining all permits for its operation.
with companies that are engaged in deratization and removal of solid waste;
with fuel suppliers;
with SES and Fire Service.

You also cannot do without a License from the Ministry of Energy, which will allow you to store and sell fuel, as well as without workplace certification.

As you can see, opening a gas station is not so easy.

Location and premises required to open a gas station

According to the law, gas stations should not be located closer than 30 meters from a residential area, which makes it much more difficult for businessmen to choose a location for their gas station.

For the business to be profitable, you need to locate your gas station at the intersection of important transport arteries: at the entrance to the city, in the central part, near densely populated residential neighborhoods, etc.

It is also advisable to look for an area with a low level of competition, because if the area you are interested in already has several gas stations, then your income will be low due to the distribution of customers between operating gas stations.

The cost of renting a plot of land directly depends on the city in which you are going to open your business.

For example, for land in the Moscow region, get ready to pay at least 3,000,000 rubles; naturally, in the provinces this amount will be several times lower.

Of course, the price depends on the locality in which you are going to open a gas station, but more on the size of the facility itself.

If you need a small office space only for a cashier, gas station attendants and a toilet, then this will be one amount, but those who want to open a store, service station or cafe on the territory of a gas station will have to invest from 2,000,000 rubles.

Equipment for opening a gas station

To open a gas station, you need to purchase at least minimum set equipment: at least 4 columns and a computer with a cash register.

You will have to spend about 2,000,000 rubles on this.

If you also plan to open a store or cafe, then add to this amount the cost of display cases, counters, tables, kitchen equipment, coffee machines and other things.

Businessmen who are thinking about how to open a gas station where they can not only refuel their car, but also get it repaired, drink coffee and a snack, and purchase necessary auto products, should be prepared to spend at least 5,000,000 rubles on the equipment of such a gas station.

And this is the amount for large provincial cities, because in Moscow the prices are completely different.

Personnel needed to open a gas station

Gas stations must be open 24 hours a day if you want them to bring you maximum profit.

And with such a work schedule, you need to create at least 3 shifts.

One shift should consist of a cashier, a gas station attendant (and if the gas station is large, two gas attendants), a security guard and a cleaner.

And any gas station needs a manager and an accountant, because the owner will not be able to cope with such a large flow of responsibilities on his own.

The cost of wages for gas station staff in a small town will be from 210,000 rubles.

	Qty	Salary (in rub.)	Total (in rub.)
Total:			210,000 rub.
Manager	1	25 000	25 000
Accountant	1	20 000	20 000
Refuellers	3	15 000	45 000
Security guards	3	15 000	45 000
Cashiers	3	15 000	45 000
Cleaners	3	10 000	30 000

How much does it cost to open a gas station?

It’s not for nothing that they say that the oil-related business is beyond the capabilities of even a medium-sized, much less a small, business.

To open a modest gas station in a small town, you will have to invest several million rubles, and the larger the project you have in mind and the larger the settlement in which you plan to implement it, the higher the costs will be.

You can only operate with approximate numbers:

Expense item	Amount (in rub.)
Total:	6,000,000 rub.
Registration, execution of all documents and licenses	1 500 000
Construction of a filling complex	1 500 000
Equipment purchase	2 000 000
Annual rent of land	200 000
First fuel purchases	500 000
Additional expenses	300 000

And it should be taken into account that the indicated amount is relevant only for a small city (where the cost of renting land is not too high) and for a business that only includes a gas station (without a store, cafe or other infrastructure facilities).

Business maintenance costs (staff salaries, utilities, fuel purchases, etc.), as well as taxes, will also fluctuate depending on the size of your gas station and the locality in which it operates.

You should prepare to spend at least 400,000 rubles monthly.

presented in the video:

Is it worth trying to open a gas station?

Of course, owning a gas station is a very profitable business.

Even a small gas station located in a favorable location can bring its owner a profit of 10,000 rubles per day.

The average profitability of gas stations in the country is 25–30,000 rubles per day, and, accordingly, 750–900,000 rubles per month.

Even if you spend more than half of this amount on maintaining your business, you will still be left with a profit of 300–400,000 rubles per month.

With such indicators, it is possible to recoup capital investments of 6–7 million rubles in two years.

This business is truly profitable and promising, although it requires a huge amount of money to start.

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Opening a gas station can be done in two ways. The simplest and most popular - This allows you to open a gas station under the name of a well-known brand, facilitates negotiations with suppliers, but at the same time deprives the entrepreneur of a significant part of the profit and imposes a number of restrictions on the business.

Therefore, it would be optimal to open a gas station under your own brand. So, how to open a gas station from scratch?

Company registration, opening and adding authorized capital sufficient for organizing an enterprise.
Choosing the location of the future gas station, with the owner of the land on lease or full purchase.
Creation of the project and its approval by Rospotrebnazdor.
Registration of permission from the SES and the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
Concluding agreements with housing and communal services for garbage removal and waste disposal.
Construction of gas stations according to the approved project.
Purchase the necessary equipment, installation and configuration of tanks and gas stations.
Organization of the necessary infrastructure, equipment of workplaces.
Hiring and training
Obtaining a license to sell fuel from the Ministry of Energy.
Concluding agreements with gasoline suppliers - oil refineries.
Organization of supplies.
Opening of a gas station.
Development of pricing policy.
Increased advertising, offering discounts to regular customers - in a word, marketing promotion.

Where to start building a gas station?

A gas station is a place of increased danger, since its construction involves the storage of explosive substances. In this regard, for its construction it is necessary to obtain many permits from regulatory authorities.

Specific requirements for the arrangement and location of the filling complex are listed in the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor. The main ones:

location no more than 30 meters from the nearest residential building;
equipping the gas station with access and exit roads;
fire alarm equipment;
equipping the cashier's area with armored doors and bulletproof glass;
organization of disposal of unused fuels and lubricants, etc.

How to open a gas station: necessary documents

So, the location has been chosen, the project has been developed, and contracts with suppliers have been established. But before you look for a contractor to build a station, you need to obtain a number of permits:

project documentation must be submitted to Rospotrebnadzor, and the organization must give its permission;
you need to obtain permission from the SES to trade fuel;
obtain a license from the Ministry of Fuel and Energy for the sale and storage of fuels and lubricants;
obtain permission from the fire service to store fuel (the station must be equipped with all fire-fighting equipment);
enter into an agreement with a waste removal service;
enter into an agreement with the local housing office service to carry out deratization;
obtain quality certificates for fuel from suppliers.

In addition, the gas station owner will need:

register the land for the gas station as ownership or lease;
obtain a building permit from the administration.

How to build a gas station?

After receiving all the necessary papers and approval of the project in Rospotrebnadzor You can begin to select a construction company for the construction of the complex itself.

The customer usually purchases building materials himself, while the company is directly involved in the construction itself.

Best choice an organization that has already had similar completed projects. In this case, specialists will help you choose suitable materials, agree on supplies, advise where you can reduce costs - in a word, provide comprehensive assistance.

It should be taken into account that, most likely, you will have to hire two or three companies: one will be involved in the construction of the gas station itself, the second will install the necessary equipment, and the third will organize access roads.

What equipment will be needed?

5 tanks (4 main and 1 reserve) for storing fuels and lubricants (volume of at least 15 cubic meters);
reservoir for stormwater system (volume 10 cubic meters);
two fuel dispensers with two hoses each.

In addition, you will need to incur certain costs for registration of refueling; you need to order:

signs with the name of the gas station;
tablets for indicating fuel;
display for displaying current prices for 1 liter of fuel;
barrier and speed bump equipment.

Recruitment of personnel to work at a gas station

For optimal gas station operation you will need:

the immediate supervisor of the station, who organizes all work and decides controversial issues(actually a senior manager);
(this responsibility can be assigned to the station manager);
repair mechanic, knowledgeable functioning of gas stations;
station operator (cashier), at least two people to organize work in two shifts, 4 for round-the-clock service;
electrician;
driver.

An electrician and a mechanic will be needed mainly for troubleshooting, this can be one specialist. The driver is needed more as a forwarder to control the quality of imported fuel (so that it is not diluted anywhere along the way).

Personnel training should be approached with full responsibility. In big cities there are no problems with employees. But in the provincial ones you will have to be content with what you have.

Therefore it would be useful enroll them in professional development courses, so that the mechanic gets used to the new gas stations, and the accountant is always in the know latest changes in legislation.

How to open a gas station and organize fuel supplies?

Agreeing on the supply of fuel and lubricants is the most difficult and crucial moment. It is highly not recommended to buy fuel from resellers - most likely, it will be diluted or simply of low quality. It is best to negotiate supplies directly with the refinery.

The process of delivering gasoline from the plant to the gas station is necessary control personally, otherwise there is a high probability that diluted fuel will be delivered.

The quality of gasoline should be business card gas stations - otherwise the new gas station will quickly lose its clientele.

Further expansion of the filling station

Naturally, the driver does not live by refueling alone. It is now becoming a trend to provide “all in one”. So, with a thriving business, you can expand the range of services offered by building:

auto repair shop;
tire shops;
technical inspection point;
auto chemical goods store, etc.

All changes made to the design of gas stations must be agreed upon with the architectural department of the administration. As a rule, entrepreneurs do not have problems with this, especially with a stable operating enterprise.

Gas station business plan

The initial costs of opening a gas station are very high. This is due to the difficulty of carrying out design work and the need to construct the complex itself in accordance with sanitary and urban planning standards. Therefore, a gas station is most often opened in addition to an existing business or if there is impressive start-up capital.

Costs of opening a gas station

LLC opening, purchasing cash register, equipment of the accountant’s workplace – from 20 thousand rubles;
registration of land ownership and receipt of all necessary permits –from 2 million rubles;
construction of a gas station building – from 3 million rubles;
supply of infrastructure, equipment of access roads, bringing the building in accordance with sanitary and fire standards - from 1 million rubles;
purchase of necessary equipment (to organize the operation of 2 pumps for 4 parking spaces) – from 5 million rubles;
installation of equipment - from 500 thousand rubles;
salary fund for 1 month of work for a company with 10 employees – from 200 thousand rubles.

Thus, the start-up costs will be about 11 million 720 thousand rubles. The duration of the work is from 3 to 6 months.