Language and style of A. S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit” The comedy “Woe from Wit” was completed by Griboedov in 1824 (a year before the Decembrist uprising). Immediately banned by censorship, the comedy never appeared in print or on stage during the author’s lifetime. But the popularity of “Woe from Wit” was enormous: the comedy manuscript was copied by hand, and lists were distributed throughout Russia. When were the first ones allowed? theatrical performances comedy according to lists shortened by censorship, the audience already knew the original (unabridged) text of the play so well that they corrected the actors and reproached them for “distorted” remarks, for the fact that they “distorted” the verses. Even then, the aphoristic, colorful, bright speech of the comedy was familiar to many representatives of the noble intelligentsia. The author put all the power of his poetic talent into the comedy, creating a play filled with deep content, but unusually easy to read, remember and perceive by the viewer. The comedy owes this property to Griboyedov’s witty and lively language. The play reflects the era that came after Patriotic War 1812 Griboedov depicts the Moscow nobility of this period. Both the language and style of the play reflect precisely this era and this society. The features of the language of comedy are associated, firstly, with the innovation of the method and genre of comedy. Let us remember that comedy in the era of classicism was considered low genre, in which spoken language reduced to the point of rudeness was allowed. Griboedov partially preserves and partially violates this tradition: the play was indeed written in a different colloquial language, but nevertheless literate and literary, harmoniously fitting into the poetic form; the language does not degrade to rudeness and is as close as possible to literary colloquial speech.The language of the play is, if possible, freed from borrowed foreign words, as well as from archaisms and Church Slavonicisms characteristic of book speech of the last century, which noticeably “lightens” it, makes it accessible and easy to understand. Griboedov adopted from Krylov the experience of using colloquial speech in poetry. The comedy is written in iambic hexameter, which is often interspersed with lines of shorter length, due to which the verse loses its ponderousness and monotony. Griboyedov managed to convey in poetic form the real living Russian language spoken by educated society in the era of comedy writing. To convey the language of the Moscow nobility, the author also uses words and terms of that time, a kind of noble jargon: “We take teachers, both into the house and on tickets”, “a nobleman in case”, “they won’t nod at stupid people”, “Aglitsky”, “farmazon” (distorted "Frank-Masson"), "Carbonari". In the play, each character speaks in his own language, each has his own speech characteristics. The main conflict of the play is the conflict between a leading personality - Chatsky - and society, of which Famusov is a typical representative. The conflict is reflected in the speech of the characters.
The richness of the language of A. S. Griboedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit”
1. Language as a frame for a masterpiece. 2. Features of the language of comedy. 3. Modern language and a treasury of Griboyedov's aphorisms.
We've all read this, of course. famous work, like "Woe from Wit." It is impossible not to call him brilliant, infinitely talented and, no matter how strange it may sound, modern. This comedy, in which, however, there is a lot of sadness, a lot of reasons for difficult thoughts, can be viewed from many sides. This is the relationship between Chatsky and Famusov society, Chatsky’s love for Sophia. What does mind mean in Chatsky’s understanding? Is he lonely? What is the meaning of the title of the work?... Trying to understand, evaluate and absorb such a work, we inevitably encounter the fact that it is multifaceted, and each of these facets is worthy of separate, close attention.
But sometimes, plunging into favorite piece, we don’t always understand what captivates us so much. This may seem surprising to some, but language plays a huge role in the perception of text. The original, “author’s” language sets off the text; it is that beautiful cut that is so necessary for the diamond - the plot.
It is in this regard that I would like to consider the comedy “Woe from Wit” by Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov. The language of this work is very rich, it is a storehouse of means with which one can so subtly and accurately convey thoughts, feelings, views and shades of experience. One has only to turn to the text of the comedy, as its author takes us to Moscow, to Famusov’s house, to a completely different, bewitching world.
The writer's contemporaries spoke of the language of comedy as an extraordinary, strong, bright phenomenon. A.S. said: “I’m not talking about poetry, half of it should be included in the proverb.” “...Almost all the poems of Griboedov’s comedy have become proverbs,” echoed V. F. Odoevsky.
What is so fascinating about the language of “Woe from Wit”? What is it about him that grabs your soul and never lets go? Perhaps the whole point is that the aphorisms of the comedy are based on the principle of Russian proverbs and sayings. This is precisely what amazes the Russian person, inevitably attracts him to the work, and “brings him in touch” with the reader. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the structure of the verse is proverbial in nature.
Well, here's the holiday! Well, here's some fun for you! However, no, this is no longer a laughing matter; It’s dark in the eyes, and the soul is frozen; Sin is not a problem, rumor is not good.
The verse is light, “winged”, and from this it becomes dearer to my heart. Griboedov became the founder of the tradition of transmitting aphorisms - this is how their lives continued and their fame increased. Gogol, Goncharov, Dobrolyubov, Turgenev, Chekhov, Blok and many other talented people illuminated their works with the “fireflies” of Griboyedov’s thought.
Another feature of the comedy language is that all the sayings and sayings are “soldered” into the text and are a kind of “clips” for the movement of the plot (the formula “ Happy Hours They’re not watching..." Sophia’s meeting with Molchalin ends). These “paper clips” are at the same time a means of characterizing the internal state (Chatsky, sensing the impossibility of his former friendship with Sophia, exclaims: “Ah, then tell love the end, / Who goes away for three years ...”; Famusov, preoccupied with arranging a profitable marriage for his daughter , says: “What a commission, Creator, / To be a father to an adult daughter!”).
But the value of Griboyedov’s aphorisms is not only that they enriched the comedy, largely influencing the fact that its life became so long. The aphorisms of the comedy were used by contemporary writers and critics of Griboedov; they drew this simple human wisdom from the work, as gems from the treasury. As an example, we can cite the following lines quoted by A. S. Pushkin in “A Novel in Letters”: “Here my success exceeded my expectations. The old ladies are delighted with me, the ladies flock to me, “because they are patriots.”
The famous critic Orest Somov wrote in the almanac “Northern Flowers”: “What modern mores are described in it? All the characters in this novel are taken, it seems, from two or three generations, all of them “from the time of the Ochakovskys or the conquest of the Crimea.”
“If I tell you, let’s say, some case that is out of the ordinary, I know in advance that you will notice: “The legend is fresh, but it’s hard to believe”” - these are the lines of Kuprin, from his famous work"Moloch".
Griboyedov’s apt aphorisms “moved” not only into the works of other eminent authors, but also entered our daily life. They function not only in everyday speech, but also in modern literary language. It is, of course, difficult to list them all, but as an example we can cite the most common ones, in my opinion: “all familiar faces!”; “Blessed is he who believes, he has warmth in the world!”; “Everyone lies about calendars!”; “we are small in rank”; “I don’t go here anymore”; “Well, how can you not please your loved one,” etc.
Let's say so. Blessed is he who believes, he is warm in the world! Oh! My God! Am I really here again, in Moscow! you! how can we recognize you! (Act I, scene 7). And as if the world began to grow stupid, you can say with a sigh; How to compare and look at the present century and the past: The legend is fresh, but hard to believe; As he was famous for, whose neck bent more often; How not in war, but in peace they took it head on; They hit the floor without regret!
(Act II, phenomenon 2).
You have glorified me as crazy by the whole choir. You are right: he will come out of the fire unharmed, whoever manages to spend a day with you will breathe the same air, and his sanity will survive. Get out of Moscow! I don't go here anymore. I’m running, I won’t look back, I’ll go searching around the world, Where there is a corner for an offended feeling! Carriage for me, carriage!
(Act IV, scene 14).
Proverbs and sayings in the text of “Woe from Wit” play a really important role: they are elements of the plot movement, means of speech characterization of the characters, and give the comedy brightness and expressiveness.
“Kozma Prutkov” - Alexey Konstantinovich Tolstoy. Alexander Mikhailovich Zhemchuzhnikov. The mystery of Kozma Prutkov. Such a fable, of course, did not go unpunished. Kozma devoted most of his time to literature. Creators biography aphorisms poems titles of plays. The poet's desire. The young man studied well. There was prose and poetry.
“White Bim” - Troepolsky Gavriil Nikolaevich. Snow is falling from a black cloud, but Bim is still waiting... The leaves will soon fall from the trees, and Bim is still waiting... For some reason, the friend is not coming, but Bim is still waiting... Despite his efforts good people, evil triumphs. Creation. The great good is to believe. And love.” Friendship and trust are not bought or sold.
“Writer Goncharov” - Problems. Treigut family. Ideals eternal friendship fade. Hopes for eternal love. Novel "Break" ("Artist"). He died when Goncharov was 7 years old. Goncharov Turgenev Druzhinin Ostrovsky Tolstoy Grigorovich. From 1847 to 1858. published in 1859. Novel " An ordinary story" Pupils of I.A. Goncharov.
“L. Andreev Kusaka” - Why wasn’t Kusaka taken to the city? Oh, how the mind can withstand the mighty hurricane of fate. How does Kusaka express his hatred and love? Nature is also not indifferent to Kusaka’s fate. 16. We break the hearts of friends and family and cripple each other’s souls. Let's define the theme and idea of the work. "Bite" (1901). (1871 - 1919).
“Victor Dragunsky” - A patient with chickenpox Wash the dishes yourself (The tricky way) Ш (“ Enchanted letter"). Ksenia Dragunskaya. Which Dragunsky story has the shortest title? Deniska Dragunsky with her dad. Books by Victor Dragunsky. What does it look like when your foot doesn't reach the bicycle pedal? Chicken... Which patient looks like a green leopard?
"Yuri Kazakov" - . M. Gorky. New layers of literature, thematic and stylistic, were maturing. The first collection of stories in Moscow was “At the Stop Station” (1959). Competition for literature teachers "Victoria" "Creativity of Y.P. Kazakov." Yuri Kazakov came to literature when there was an urgent need for talents of this kind.
There are 19 presentations in total
What are the features of language in the comedy Woe from Wit
Answers:
The comedy "Woe from Wit" by A. S. Griboedov, written between 1815 and 1820 and published in 1824, remains in Russian literature greatest monument. The author, who said about himself: “As I live, I write freely and freely,” created a work that marked the formation of something new for Russian literature of the 19th century century, realistic artistic style. Griboedov also said that he strives to depict the “nature of events,” which was for him both a source and a subject of art. But at the same time, he did not set out to copy reality; he called naturalistic images caricatures: “I hate caricatures, you won’t find one in my picture. This is my poetics.” This was the poetics of a realist artist, who through the power of art transforms the “nature of events” and is able to highlight the most essential and typical in it. Griboyedov was just as much a realist artist and innovator in the field of literary language. In resolving issues of language, he was ahead of most writers - his contemporaries. The critic Orlov believed that, along with Krylov and Pushkin, Griboyedov was the true creator of our literary language. On the one hand, he sought to get away from the smooth, impersonal language of secular love comedies, which were written by playwrights fashionable at that time. On the other hand, he tried to rid his verse of the ponderous techniques of ancient book speech. Griboedov considered his artistic task to be the enrichment of the literary language through the practice of lively spoken language. Therefore, in “Woe from Wit” he widely used colloquial language and, in addition, endowed each of his characters with his own special speech characteristics. Thus, Skalozub’s speech is full of military terms, phrases similar to military orders, rude military expressions: “you can’t faint with learning,” “teach in our way: one, two.” Silent speech is laconic, insinuating, delicate, filled with respectful words. The experienced Moscow lady Khlestova speaks in a rude, unceremonious language, clearly reflecting her essence. Chatsky’s speech is very diverse and rich in shades. It sounds either romantic sensitivity, fiery passion, or harsh satire, exposing the vices of Famus society. At the same time, he is able to accurately and expressively reveal the low essence of the representatives of this society with only two or three words. The hero subtly senses the originality and richness of his native language. Being a man of high culture, he rarely resorts to foreign words, consciously making this his principle: “so that our smart, cheerful people, even in language, do not consider us to be Germans.” The same cannot be said at all about the speech of lordly Moscow, in which a monstrous mixture of French and Nizhny Novgorod appears. In his comedy, Griboyedov subtly and evilly ridicules the fact that the majority of representatives of the nobility do not speak their native language. The literary community of the 20s of the 19th century was delighted with the skill with which Griboedov “transformed” the living “colloquial language” into easy rhymes. Talking about verse comedies of that time, critic V.F. Odoevsky wrote: “In Griboedov alone we find a relaxed, easy, completely similar language to what is spoken in our societies; in him alone we find Russian flavor in his syllable.” The brilliance and nationality of the poetic language of Griboyedov’s comedy evoked rave reviews not only from his contemporaries. I. A. Goncharov, who wrote the literary-critical article “A Million Torments” in 1872, which still remains a classic work on the comedy “Woe from Wit,” was delighted with his conversational liveliness, aphorism and accuracy. “Salt, an epigram, a satire, this colloquial verse,” he wrote, “seems to never die, just like the sharp and caustic, living Russian mind scattered in them, which Griboedov imprisoned, like some kind of magician, in his castle , and he bursts out with evil laughter. It is impossible to imagine that another, more natural, simpler, more taken from life speech could ever appear. Prose and verse merged here into something inseparable, then, it seems, that they would be easier. to retain in memory and put into circulation again all the intelligence, humor, jokes and anger of the Russian mind and language collected by the author." The verse of the comedy, as well as its language, amazed contemporaries with its ease and naturalness. Using the usual iambic hexameter, he at the same time intersperses it with other meters - from monometer to pentameter. Thanks to this, his verse becomes light, colorful and diverse. The poetic form itself in “Woe from Wit” carries a lot of new things. Here the author has achieved an amazing lightness of verse, which is almost imperceptible in the dialogue and at the same time is unusually clear and expressive. Griboyedov's free style of writing prepared the transition of Russian drama, in particular comedy, to prose language.
The work made a great contribution to the formation of a new style of literary language.
Before this, works of this genre were written in pretentious, unnatural language. They included a lot of foreign borrowings, mainly French, since it was spoken by educated society. In Griboyedov’s work, the language, on the contrary, is quite simple, close to colloquial. It is not for nothing that some of their expressions have become proverbs.
The language and style of speech of each character in “Woe from Wit” is individual and is used by the author to characterize acting person, representing the types of people in society or the flaws that the comedy satirizes.
The play contains many purely Moscow expressions used at the time of its writing. This trait is shared by many of the characters, despite emphasizing their individual differences. Everyday and everyday language should have emphasized that the author is not inventing his own world, but wants to talk about people encountered in real life.
At the same time, the words of Chatsky and Sophia have another task. They express the feelings of these characters. In the monologues of the main Chatsky, words are used that were used under the influence of the freethinking of the Decembrist era: “fatherland”, “freedom”. His speech is full of pathos, it uses words such as “alien power”, “weakness”, as well as epithets unique to him: “vile”, “hungry”.
Despite this, the speech of Sophia and Chatsky, for all its imagery and colorfulness, is also realistic. The author clearly sought to combine everyday speech with a lyrical style.
A feature of the comedy style was its poetic form. It has a continuous rhythm without pauses. The play, in this sense, was written as a musical drama. Griboyedov also updated the form of comedic dialogue, introducing colloquial speech into it.
The size of the replicas of individual characters is also used by the author of the comedy. It is determined by the nature of the characters and the course of the play. Chatsky speaks most of all, voicing the ideas of the author and Famus, expressing the opposite point of view. Minor characters, whose image is already clear, for example, Molchalin, are laconic. In addition, in some cases, the very brevity of the remarks, as in the case of Skalozub, helps to emphasize the character of the hero. IN in this case This is the rudeness and harshness of an old campaigner.
Overall, the work can be described as a brilliant example of the use of colloquial language to characterize characters.
Option 2
The comedy play “Woe from Wit” by Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov has multiple stylistic features, the main of which is the verse form. It was the poetic comedic language that became the center of the culture of comedic dialogue between characters and made it possible to enrich literary speech simple, living vernacular. This form of utterance is more reminiscent of a musical drama, which has its own special, inevitable rhythm and without pauses or stops, a form that draws you in when reading.
The main characters of the comedy play Chatsky and Sophia are able to express a whole range of feelings that are different from other characters, for example, from Skalozub, whose speech is filled with in short phrases, Molchalin is also a man of few words. Their speeches express love, life heartache, grief for those lost in civil war, a unique sarcasm filled with irony and indignation.
From the first minutes of reading, the psychological, and one might even say ethical, elements of Griboyedov’s comedic language are easily observed. Another feature of the language of the comedy “Woe from Wit” is Chatsky, who has his own special set of phrases that are alien to those times, his own individual construction of epithets and syntax, mixed with a set of simple and complex sentence forms.
The speech of the main characters is filled with richness and variety, inversions and antitheses, gradations and pathos, which makes it possible to distinguish it from the speech of other characters, which is more similar to ordinary, everyday speech. Griboyedov was excellent at highlighting Chatsky and Sophia thanks to the created image and ideological spirit. But at the same time, Alexander Sergeevich did not forget about realism. Book echoes are felt from time to time in the context, just as the author felt their danger and power.
Griboedov, in his comedy play, was even able to recreate the special noble speech of the intelligentsia of the Decembrist era. At the same time, patriotic vocabulary also took place.
The main feature of Alexander Sergeevich’s comedy is the poetic construction of the characters’ speech, which is more reminiscent of a musical drama, filled with special rhythms, and in which there is no place for pauses and arbitrary stops.
Several interesting essays
- Analysis of Gorky's story Summer Residents
Maxim Gorky wrote a story about a certain type of people. They are running from social life to the dacha. The heroes strive to live beautifully, but quietly, experiencing fear of life.
- Essay Do childhood dreams influence the choice of profession?
Childhood is an important time in the life of every person. During this period, the child learns about the world, important qualities are formed in him. As a child, every child dreams of what he wants to become. Some want to become president
- Essay based on a painting by Sanya Malikov Plastova, 6th grade
The outstanding Russian figure, artist and creator Arkady Aleksandrovich Plastov loved in his works to depict the people of his fellow villagers, the landscapes that enveloped his village.
- Essay Holidays in my family
Family is the most important thing in most people's lives. It’s so good when you can rely on your family at any time. difficult situation. Family members love each other regardless of appearance or wealth. They don't ask for anything in return
- Essay based on Tolstoy's painting Bouquet of flowers, butterfly and bird (description)
The teacher told us what would happen interesting task that we will describe a beautiful picture.