One of the most important moral principles is honor. Honor is a complex ethical and social concept, associated with the assessment of such personality qualities as fidelity, justice, dignity, nobility. But it seems to me that in the twenty-first century the concept of honor has lost its true meaning: Many people do certain things and help others only so that others will praise them or reward them. Such behavior can be called dishonor. Dishonor is any action contrary to honor.
“Honor cannot be taken away - it can be lost,” said A.P. Chekhov. And indeed, every person, even in childhood, was instilled with standards of behavior, told how to behave well and how badly. And this cannot be taken away from a person.
But having done this or that bad thing, a person can lose his honor and dignity, thus disgracing himself in the eyes of his loved ones.
In the novel “Crime and Punishment” by F.M. Dostoevsky, the main character Sonya Marmeladova loses her honor when she goes out into the street to sell her body. Yes, she lost her dignity, violated the rules of decency of that time, but she did it for the sake of her family, since she was the only breadwinner.
He also touches on the topic of dishonor in his essay “Lady Macbeth.” Mtsensk district» Nikolay Leskov. main character, the young merchant Katerina commits a number of immoral acts: she starts an affair with her lover, kills her father-in-law and husband, and finally commits suicide. She doesn’t feel much guilt for these actions; she doesn’t care that she acted unfairly or lost her dignity.
The theme of honor and dishonor is still relevant in our time.
Attention!
Thank you for your attention.
If you notice an error or typo, highlight the text and click Ctrl+Enter.
By doing so, you will provide invaluable benefit to the project and other readers.
The choice between honor and dishonor sooner or later arises for every person. We find ourselves in a situation where a fork appears in front of us: one road is straight, the other path is crooked, but straight. We understand that the second option will get us to our goal much easier and faster, but the first will allow us to preserve our dignity and good name. Many people choose what is least difficult, because they do not have the moral strength to achieve their goal honestly. However, there are those who will never sacrifice virtue. Difficult choice situation good way check what a person is worth. When does it occur and how to recognize it?
To answer the question posed, let's turn to fiction. In Tolstoy's novel Anna Karenina, the heroine falls in love with the handsome Vronsky, although she married woman and an exemplary mother. She never loved her husband, since the difference in age and interests did not allow them to get closer, so she can be understood. The young officer soon achieves reciprocity; he and Anna become lovers. It is obvious that the heroes had to choose between honor and dishonor when they realized that they were in love. An honest path did not initially exist for them, because divorce in those days was already considered dishonorable. How to proceed? Betray love? Deceive your spouse? So they didn’t know the answer. And no one knows exactly how they will behave in such a situation. You cannot come to terms with the fact that you need to live life without love, but betrayal is not a way out of the situation. In literature this is called “collision” (unresolvable conflict), and that’s when it arises Difficult choice, because there is no straight road, and the boundaries between honor and dishonor are blurred.
Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment” was also touched upon. Sonya Marmeladova is forced to feed her family, since her father drinks away all his money and her stepmother is sick with consumption. She had to get " yellow ticket" From that moment on, the girl lost her honor, trampling on her human dignity. But we are faced with a collision again: she has no other way out. Either the whole family dies by starvation, or Sonya sacrifices herself for their lives. It cannot be said that she followed this path for the sake of money or that she was naturally depraved. The vice did not touch her even on the panel. But in a situation of extreme need, the heroine did not value her good name too highly, because the life of her family was on the other side of the scale. Poverty is vicious in itself, because it devalues human dignity. Therefore, people who are in dire need of funds are always at a crossroads.
When does the choice between honor and dishonor arise? When nothing happens in life and a person is calm, he will most likely live honestly, since there is no temptation, but in the fever of love and in extreme need we are all capable of doubting the expediency of virtue.
Interesting? Save it on your wall!
Essay on the topic "Honor and dishonor" can be revealed not only through a duel, which is mentioned in many works of literature. But also through... I feel like I’m now touching on a sensitive topic about the moral behavior of the female sex and the loss of “treasure” (as it is written about Sonechka Marmeladova’s virginity in the novel F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"). Yes and with modern world it is very easy to connect the affairs of past days.
To write an essay on this thematic area honor and dishonor you can use only chapters 2 and 3 from the first part of the novel F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". You should read or re-read two chapters if you decide to explore this topic of “the honor and dishonor of a girl.” By the way, the novel has only 6 parts + an epilogue.
Quotes appropriate to this topic fully reveal what I want to say now.
"Honor cannot be taken away, it can be lost."(A.P. Chekhov)
"He who is not ready to die for his own honor will find dishonor."(B. Pascal)
"My honor is my life; both grow from the same root. Take away my honor and my life will come to an end."(W. Shakespeare)
“A girl’s honor is all her wealth, it is more valuable than any inheritance.”(W. Shakespeare)
"The opposite of honor is dishonor, or shame, which lies in bad opinion and the contempt of others."(B. Mandeville)
In the second chapter we are told about Sonechka Marmeladova, who is forced to lose her honor. Her stepmother and circumstances force her to do this.
Dialogue between the stepmother and Sonechka from the words of Marmeladov (page 18 in my book):
“Katerina Ivanovna says: “You, they say, live with us, you parasite, you eat and drink, and take advantage of the warmth,” but what are you drinking and eating here, when even the children haven’t seen the crust for three days!... Sonya says : “Well, Katerina Ivanovna, should I really do such a thing?”... “Well,” Katerina Ivanovna answers, laughing, “why should I take care of it? Eco treasure!""
After the loss of the treasure, dishonor was not long in coming. There is no point in retelling the entire text, since it can be read quickly.
In the third chapter, in contrast to the story of Sonechka, we are shown how Mr. Svidrigailov inclines Dunya Raskolnikova (the main character’s sister) to such dishonor. And even when she remained adamant, human rumor turned everything upside down. It shows very well how they dealt with girls who lost their honor. Right up to the point of smearing tar on the gates.
Nowadays, all this has lost its meaning. And no one will go to decorate the gate or door. But there are people like Sonechka Marmeladova, who sold the treasure for 30 rubles (just like 30 pieces of silver from Judas, who betrayed Jesus Christ).
Remember the scandal with the sale of a girl's virginity in United Arab Emirates? The news covered all this in detail. And then you think, is there a concept of honor and dishonor in the minds of these girls? And it seems that it’s not at all anymore. What pushes them to do all this?
Comfortable and beautiful life, gadgets...
If we continue in this direction, we can write quite a lot and express our own opinion on this matter. Your opinion may be different from mine!
And this topic is a very good test of the morality and social activity of the younger generation. Do they watch the news and communicate with their parents about honor and dishonor in the modern world?
How will they react to modern dishonor and will they support the public outcry that arose in their time.
Memo:
How should you write a thesis statement to cover the topic of your essay?
1.Ask a question about the topic of the essay.
2. Give an answer to this question.
3. This answer will be the thesis for the main part of the essay.
4.Prove your points using literary arguments. In this case, there is no need to retell the text. It is necessary to write your own reflections and reasoning, using arguments from books.
5 In conclusion, it is necessary to draw a conclusion based on the written argument.
"Honor and Dishonor"
The “Honor and Dishonor” direction is based on concepts related to a person’s choice: to be faithful to the voice of conscience, to follow moral principles, or to follow the path of betrayal, lies and hypocrisy.
Many writers have depicted different manifestations of man: from fidelity moral rules before various forms compromise with conscience, up to a deep moral decline.
Possible topics essays:
Our honor lies in following the best and improving the worst... (Plato)
Can honor resist dishonor?
Take care of your honor from a young age... (proverb)
How to choose in difficult moment between honor and dishonor?
Where do dishonest people come from?
True and false honor.
Are there people of honor these days?
Which heroes live by honor?
Death or dishonor?
A dishonest person is ready for a dishonest deed.
Water will wash away everything, only dishonor cannot wash away.
It is better to be poor with honor than rich with dishonor
Is there a right to dishonor?
An honest person values honor, but what should a dishonest person value?
Every dishonesty is a step towards dishonor.
“An honest man can be persecuted, but not dishonored.” (Voltaire)
"How more honest person, the less he suspects others of dishonesty (Cicero)
"Honor more valuable than life..." (F. Schiller)
“I hate, I love and I dream, And I know dishonor and honor...” (V. Morozov)
“As long as hearts are alive for honor” (A.S. Pushkin)
Works about honor and dishonor:
(Can be given in arguments, add other works to this list)
1. A. Pushkin " Captain's daughter» ( As you know, A.S. Pushkin died in a duel, fighting for the honor of his wife. M. Lermontov in his poem called the poet “a slave of honor.” A quarrel, the cause of which was the insulted honor of A. Pushkin, led to death greatest writer. However, Alexander Sergeevich retained his honor and good name in the memory of people.
In his story "The Captain's Daughter" Pushkin portrays Petrusha Grinev with high moral qualities. Peter did not sully his honor even in those cases when he could have paid for it with his head. He was a highly moral person worthy of respect and pride. He could not leave Shvabrin’s slander against Masha unpunished, so he challenged him to a duel.Grinev retained his honor even under pain of death).
2. M. Sholokhov “The Fate of Man” (IN a short story Sholokhov touched upon the topic of honor. Andrei Sokolov - a simple Russian man, had a family, loving wife, children, your home. Everything collapsed in an instant, and the war was to blame. But nothing could break the true Russian spirit. Sokolov managed to endure all the hardships of the war with his head held high. One of the main episodes that reveals the strength and persistent character of a person is the scene of the interrogation of Andrei by Muller. A weak, hungry soldier surpassed the fascist in fortitude. The refusal of the offer to drink German weapons for the victory came as a surprise to the Germans: “Why should I, a Russian soldier, drink German weapons for the victory?” The Nazis appreciated the courage of the Russian soldier, saying: “You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and I respect worthy opponents.” Sokolov’s strength of character aroused the respect of the Germans and they decided that this man deserved to live. Andrey Sokolov personifies honor and dignity. He is ready to give even his life for them.))
3. M. Lermonotov. Novel "Hero of Our Time"(Pechorin knew about Grushnitsky’s intentions, but nevertheless did not wish him harm. An act worthy of respect. Grushnitsky, on the contrary, committed dishonest act, offering Pechorin an unloaded weapon in a duel).
4. M. Lermonotov “Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich...”. (Lermontov talks about the permissiveness of people in power. This is Kiribeevich, who encroached on his married wife. Laws are not written for him, he is not afraid of anything, even Tsar Ivan the Terrible supports him, so he agrees to fight with the merchant Kalashnikov. Merchant Stepan Paramonovich Kalashnikov is a man of truth, a faithful husband and a loving father. And even despite the risk of losing to Kiribeevich, he challenged him to a fist fight for the honor of his wife Alena. By killing the guardsman, Merchant Kalashnikov aroused the wrath of the tsar, who ordered him to be hanged. Of course, Stepan. Paramonovich could have given in to the tsar and avoided his death, but for him the honor of his family turned out to be more valuable. Using the example of this hero, Lermontov showed true Russian character. common man honor - strong in spirit, unshakable, honest and noble.)
5. N. Gogol “Taras Bulba”. (Ostap accepted his death with dignity).
6. V. Rasputin “French Lessons”. (The boy Vova passes all tests with honor in order to get an education and become a man)
6. A. Pushkin “The Captain's Daughter”. (Shvabrin - shining example a person who has lost his dignity.He is the complete opposite of Grinev. This is a person for whom the concept of honor and nobility does not exist at all. He walked over the heads of others, stepping over himself to please his momentary desires. Popular rumor says: “Take care of your dress again, and take care of your honor from a young age.” Having once tarnished your honor, you are unlikely to ever be able to restore your good name.)
7 F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment” (Raskolnikov is a murderer, but the dishonorable act was based on pure thoughts. What is it: honor or dishonor?)
8. F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment.” (Sonya Marmeladova sold herself, but did it for the sake of her family. What is this: honor or dishonor?)
9. F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”. (Dunya was slandered. But her honor was restored. Honor is easy to lose.)
10. L.N. Tolstoy “War and Peace” (Having become the owner of a large inheritance, Bezukhov, with his honesty and faith in the kindness of people, falls into the net set by Prince Kuragin. His attempts to take possession of the inheritance failed, then he decided to get the money in another way. He married the young man to his daughter Helen, who had no feelings for her husband. In the good-natured and peace-loving Pierre, who learned about Helen’s betrayal with Dolokhov, anger began to boil and he challenged Fedor to battle. The duel showed Pierre’s courage. Bezukhov Tolstoy showed qualities that inspire respect. And the pathetic intrigues of Prince Kuragin, Helen and Dolokhov brought them only suffering. Lies, hypocrisy and sycophancy never bring real success, but they can tarnish a person’s honor and lose his dignity.)
11.
12.
Epigraphs: about honor
1.
Honor cannot be taken away, it can be lost.
(A.P. Chekhov)
2. Honor is external conscience, and conscience is internal honor.
(Arthur Schopenhauer)
3. Honor and self-dignity are the strongest.
(F. M. Dostoevsky)
4. Honor is more valuable than life.
Schiller F.
5. True honor cannot tolerate untruth.
Fielding
6. Maintaining honor means remaining human.
10.
Epigraphs about dishonor
1. A dishonest person is ready for a dishonest deed.
Proverb
2. Every dishonesty is a step towards dishonor.
V. Sinyavsky
3. Shamelessness - the soul's patience with dishonor in the name of profit.
Plato
Possible theses:
1. Maintaining honor means remaining human in any situation.
2. A person’s honor can be judged not only by self-esteem, but also in relation to other people.
3. A person who values his honor is not afraid of even death.
4. Some people prefer death to dishonor.
5. Honor and courage are inseparable concepts.
6. Honor and dignity are inseparable concepts.
7.Only strong-willed a person is able to maintain his honor in any situation.
8 A person who respects himself can give his life for his honor.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Essay example No. 1:
I am writing an Introduction:
Honor... What is it? Honor is the moral qualities of a person, his principles worthy of respect and pride, this is a high spiritual force that can keep a person from meanness, betrayal, lies and cowardice. For most of us, the state of lost honor (dishonor) is a severe pain in the soul, since it is precisely this state that disrupts our spiritual connection with other people, with society. Without honor a person has no real life.
I am writing the main part of the essay
World classics fiction, including Russian ones, have created many works that tell about heroes who have different attitudes to the concept of honor and dignity. Thus, in A. S. Pushkin’s novel “The Captain’s Daughter” the most serious attention is paid to the problem of honor. The author shows two Russian officers - Grinev and Shvabrin. Pyotr Andreevich Grinev is a man of honor and duty, but Shvabrin cannot be called such. Why is this happening? Life often tests people and presents them with choices. What to do, what to do in specific situations? To act according to honor and conscience or to come to dishonor?
In his parents' home, Peter received a healthy start in life, his moral qualities and life principles worthy of respect. His father, accompanying Peter to service, gave him an order to serve honestly and remember that honor is the most important thing for a person. The young officer remembers his father’s commandment “Take care of honor from a young age.” Grinev is characterized by nobility and loyalty. Honor and duty for a Russian officer are the meaning of life. He refused to serve Pugachev, explaining this by the fact that he had taken an oath to serve the Empress. Pyotr Andreevich behaves bravely, honestly, and behaves with dignity. Pugachev rated Grinev as a man of honor. And we see that the path of honor is very difficult, but correct in life.
And Shvabrin? He is also a Russian officer. But which one? Shvabrin lacks a sense of duty and human dignity. Having violated the military oath, he went over to Pugachev’s side, crawled at the feet of the impostor, and begged for forgiveness. He betrayed his homeland, his colleague Grinev, and brought so much suffering to Masha Mironova, who rejected his love. And this is real dishonor. Rereading the pages of the novel by A.S. Pushkin’s “The Captain’s Daughter”, we begin to clearly understand that “honor does not come with the uniform. Honor is a moral filling,” that dishonor leads to the collapse of the human personality.
In the novel “Dubrovsky” A.S. Pushkin shows two landowners, old friends - Kirila Petrovich Troekurov and Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. What does honor mean to each of them? For a long time, the only person to whom Troekurov treated with reverence and respect was his neighbor from Kistenevka-Dubrovsky. Old friends quarreled. Both landowners had a hot temper, both were proud. Troekurov maintained this state in himself with the consciousness of wealth and power. And Dubrovsky is aware of the antiquity of his family and noble honor. The incident at the kennel shows Dubrovsky as a proud man who has self-esteem. Troekurov, with his actions taken, brought ex-friend to insanity and death. Such actions destroy personality.
Rereading A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Dubrovsky,” I think about the fact that honor is the main core of a person, his moral backbone, when conscience, which is also our best controller, becomes the judge of human actions and actions.
I am writing a conclusion.
So, discussing the problem of honor and dishonor, recalling the pages of two novels by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, I come to the conclusion that the concept of honor will never become outdated, since it is honor that helps a person live, be on top, helps to do the right thing moral choice, to carry out a spiritual connection with people, with society. And this is a lot in human life. And I really want to hope that in our time among my contemporaries there will be as much as possible more people, for whom the concept of honor will never lose its high significance.