Jules is correct. Jules Gabriel Verne

10.04.2019

Who doesn't know the popular French writer, one of the founders science fiction Jules Verne. The author wrote for both teenagers and adults; in his works he managed to capture the entrepreneurial spirit of the 19th century, the charm of the people of that generation, scientific inventions and achievements of the technical revolution.

Jules Verne's books are more distinguished by the form of writing in the form of notes, which allows you to become even more immersed in the thoughts of the characters. Some of the author's ideas turned out to be prophetic.

Features of the work of Jules Verne

Jules Verne was one of the first who decided to address the problem of the moral side scientific discoveries, which several decades later led to many discussions and debates: whether or not humanity should be on the same planet with deadly man-made monsters like the atomic or hydrogen bomb.

The author's popularity came instantly; all his novels were liked by the public. Majority Russian writers such as Saltykov-Shchedrin, Leo Tolstoy, Turgenev wrote positive reviews of the works and never ceased to be amazed at the virtuosity of Verne’s imagination. Dmitry Mendeleev was also a fan of the author and called him a “scientific genius.”

The best books by Jules Verne online:

Over time, science has gone far ahead, ahead of the heroes from the books of Jules Verne. Although, what's surprising here? But that's just once again confirms that Jules Verne was able to realize his long-standing and only dream: to combine science and art.

Brief biography of Jules Verne

The future writer was born in 1828 in the city of Nantes. He grew up in a family of lawyers, so from childhood he was immersed in the legal environment, which influenced his future life. After graduating from school, he went to Paris to study legal laws. At the same time, Jules Verne began to become interested in literature.

He often wrote comedies and stories. In 1850, his play was staged for the first time in the theater, and in 1863 the first novel in the “Extraordinary Journeys” series was published. Since then, Jules Verne tried many things, but never stopped writing.

The first book brought the author great success. Motivated by positive criticism, the writer decided to continue writing adventure novels with the wonders of science. Verne traveled around the USA, the Mediterranean and all of Europe. His creative achievements include 66 novels, many plays and stories.

In 1886, during a shootout with his mentally ill nephew, Jules Verne was seriously wounded in the leg. After which I had to give up traveling. In 1892, the writer was awarded the title of Knight of the Legion of Honor. Before his death, the writer became blind and had to dictate last chapters their books. Jules Verne died of diabetes in 1905.

Creator of the classic adventure novel. A writer whose works are ageless - and a hundred years later they will be read with the same pleasure as a hundred years ago.

Take a look - and even now you will see it in the cinema! and on television screens there are dozens of film adaptations of Jules Verne’s novels.

"Twenty thousand leagues under the sea." The story of Professor Pierre Aronnax and his friends, who by chance find themselves on the underwater ship of the mysterious Captain Nemo...

The heroes travel across three oceans, searching for the shipwrecked Scottish patriot, Captain Grant. The work widely expands pictures of nature and people’s lives in various parts Sveta.

Artist: P. Lugansky

In “Around the World in 80 Days,” Verne describes an imperturbable Englishman and his efficient servant, who, on a bet, rush to circumnavigate the globe as quickly as possible, experiencing a lot of adventures. Unlike many other fictional journeys in Verne's books, which took place on fantastic, not yet invented means of transport, here the heroes used already existing means.

Before you is the book “Captain Nemo” - the famous trilogy of adventure novels by the talented dreamer and storyteller Jules Verne. These exciting novels, loved by children and adults all over the world, are united by common characters, the main one being the extraordinary inventor and fighter for justice, Captain Nemo.

"Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea" is one of the most famous novels Jules Verne, telling about trip around the world the uncharted depths of the sea with the fearless crew of Captain Nemo.

« Mysterious island"is a Robinsonade novel about five Americans who, by chance, find themselves on a desert island, and over time they realize that something mystical and inexplicable is happening there.

"Captain Grant's Children" is a novel about the exciting and dangerous adventures of Mary and Robert, who set out in search of their father, Captain Grant, whose ship was shipwrecked somewhere in the southern hemisphere.

A famous scientist accidentally discovers in lava samples from a northern volcano the remains of animals that disappeared from Earth hundreds of thousands of years ago. Is it really under earth's crust all these countless centuries it has been hidden from people prehistoric world giant dinosaurs and pterodactyls, ichthyosaurs and other monsters that official science considers long dead?!

The expedition to the center of the Earth begins.

And even its brave participants themselves do not yet know how many exciting and deadly adventures they will experience in " lost world"Where no man has ever gone before...

During the American Civil War, five brave northerners escape captivity in a hot air balloon. A terrible storm washes them ashore desert island. The courage and talents of the new settlers of the island help them arrange their lives without experiencing the need for food, clothing, warmth and comfort. The peaceful stay of the “Robinsons” on the island is disrupted by the threat of an attack by pirates, but some mysterious force helps them in the most difficult situations.

The book contains 129 illustrations.

Jules Verne wrote the large popular science work “The History of Great Travels and Great Travelers” over the course of 16 years. It vividly and entertainingly describes the most significant travels, discoveries, events that gradually changed man’s understanding of the geography of the world, erased blank spots on maps, promised riches and became causes of wars. The author covered the period from ancient times to the 40s of the 19th century. In his work, he was greatly assisted by the geographer, translator and librarian Gabriel Marcel. The first volume of the History, entitled The Discovery of the Earth, covers the period from ancient times to the end of the 17th century, including the Age of Discovery. The translation in this book is based on the “canonical” translation of E. Brandis, first published in the 50s. XX century. It was rechecked with the original, inaccuracies in the text were corrected and extensive denominations were restored. Translation of missing passages - A. Moskvina. He also re-compiled a list of additional literature.

Brief biography of Jules Verne

Jules Gabriel Verne - French writer of adventure literature, geographer. Most famous works"Captain Grant's Children" (1836), "Captain Nemo" (1875). Many of the writer's books have been filmed, and he is considered the world's second most translated author after Agatha Christie. Jules Verne was born on February 8, 1828 in Nantes in the family of a Provençal lawyer and a Scottish woman. In his youth, in an attempt to follow in his father's footsteps, he studied law in Paris. However, his love for literature led him along a different path.

His play was first staged at the Historical Theater by A. Dumas. It was the play "Broken Straws" (1850), which was a success. And the first serious work was the novel from the series “Extraordinary Journeys” - “Five Weeks in a Balloon” (1863). This novel was so successful that it inspired the writer to a whole series new adventure books imbued with scientific wonders. He turned out to be an unusually prolific writer. During his literary career, Verne was able to create 65 novels of adventure and science fiction. It is not for nothing that he is considered one of the founders of science fiction.

The writer's wife's name was Honorine de Vian. In 1861, their only son, Michel, was born, who later filmed some of his father’s works, including Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea and Five Hundred Million Begums. J. Verne traveled a lot. He visited the USA, Great Britain, Scandinavian and Mediterranean countries, Algeria. Among the works of foreign writers, he especially loved the works of E.A. By. In addition to his adventure and geographical works, he wrote satires on bourgeois society, but these works did not bring him much recognition. The writer’s greatest success came from the novels “Journey to the Center of the Earth” (1864), “Around the World in 80 Days” (1872) and some others.

It is noteworthy that many adventure books were written by Verne, relying on his rich imagination, and not on own experience. In his scientific writings, he urged caution regarding modern advances for military purposes. In his works “Five Hundred Million Begums” (1879) and “Lord of the World” (1904), he was one of the first to show the image of a mad scientist who wants to rule the world. In March 1886, J. Verne was seriously wounded by a pistol shot from a mentally ill nephew, as a result of which he found himself bedridden. Despite this, he continued to dictate books and died of diabetes on March 24, 1905. After his death, many unpublished manuscripts remained. One of them, entitled “Paris in the 20th Century,” was found by the writer’s great-grandson. The resulting novel, written in 1863, was published in 1994.

Name: Jules Verne

Age: 77 years old

Height: 165

Activity: geographer and writer, classic of adventure literature

Marital status: was married

Jules Verne: biography

UNESCO statistics claim that the books of the classic adventure genre, French writer and geographer Jules Gabriel Verne are in second place in the number of translations after the works of the “detective’s grandmother”.

Jules Verne was born in 1828 in the city of Nantes, located at the mouth of the Loire and fifty kilometers from Atlantic Ocean.

Jules Gabriel is the first-born in the Verne family. A year after his birth, a second son, Paul, appeared in the family, and 6 years later, with a difference of 2-3 years, sisters Anna, Matilda and Marie were born. The head of the family is second-generation lawyer Pierre Verne. The ancestors of Jules Verne's mother are Celts and Scots who moved to France in the 18th century.

During his childhood, Jules Verne’s range of hobbies was determined: the boy read voraciously fiction, preferring adventure stories and novels, and knew everything about ships, yachts and rafts. Jules's passion was shared by his younger brother Paul. The love of the sea was instilled in the boys by their grandfather, a ship owner.

At the age of 9, Jules Verne was sent to a closed lyceum. After finishing the boarding school, the head of the family insisted that his eldest son enter a law school. The guy didn’t like jurisprudence, but he gave in to his father and passed the exams at the Paris Institute. A youthful love of literature and a new hobby - theater - greatly distracted the aspiring lawyer from lectures on law. Jules Verne disappeared into the theater backstage, did not miss a single premiere and began writing plays and librettos for operas.

The father, who was paying for his son’s education, became angry and stopped funding Jules. The young writer found himself on the brink of poverty. Supported a beginner colleague. On the stage of his theater, he staged a play based on the play of his 22-year-old colleague, “Broken Straws.”

To survive, the young writer worked as a secretary in a publishing house and tutored.

Literature

New page in creative biography Jules Verne appeared in 1851: the 23-year-old writer wrote and published his first story, “Drama in Mexico,” in the magazine. The undertaking turned out to be successful, and the inspired writer, in the same vein, created a dozen new adventure stories, the heroes of which find themselves in a cycle of amazing events in different corners planets.

From 1852 to 1854, Jules Verne worked at Dumas' Lyric Theater, then got a job as a stockbroker, but did not stop writing. From writing short stories, comedies and librettos, he moved on to creating novels.

Success came in the early 1860s: Jules Verne decided to write a series of novels, united under the title “Extraordinary Journeys.” The first novel, Five Weeks in a Balloon, appeared in 1863. The work was published by the publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel in his “Magazine for Education and Leisure”. The same year the novel was translated into English.

In Russia translated from French the novel was published in 1864 under the title Air travel through Africa. Compiled from the notes of Dr. Fergusson by Julius Verne.”

A year later, the second novel in the series appeared, entitled “Journey to the Center of the Earth,” telling about a professor of mineralogy who found an ancient manuscript of an Icelandic alchemist. The encrypted document tells how to get into the earth's core through a passage in a volcano. The science-fiction plot of Jules Verne's work is based on the hypothesis, not completely rejected in the 19th century, that the earth is hollow.

Illustration for Jules Verne's book "From the Earth to the Moon"

The first novel tells about an expedition to the North Pole. During the years of writing the novel, the pole was not open and the writer imagined it as an active volcano located in the center of the sea. The second work talks about man’s first “Lunar” journey and makes a number of predictions that have come true. The science fiction writer describes the devices that allowed his heroes to breathe in space. The principle of their operation is the same as in modern devices: air purification.

Two more predictions that came true were the use of aluminum in aerospace and the location of the prototype spaceport (“Gun Club”). According to the writer's plan, the projectile car from which the heroes went to the Moon is located in Florida.

In 1867, Jules Verne gave fans the novel “The Children of Captain Grant,” which was filmed twice in the Soviet Union. The first time was in 1936 by director Vladimir Vainshtok, the second time in 1986.

"Captain Grant's Children" is the first part of a trilogy. Three years later, the novel “Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea” was published, and in 1874, “The Mysterious Island,” a Robinsonade novel. The first work tells the story of Captain Nemo, who plunged into the depths of the water on the Nautilus submarine. The idea for the novel was suggested to Jules Verne by a writer who was a fan of his work. The novel formed the basis of eight films, one of them, “Captain Nemo,” was filmed in the USSR.

Illustration for Jules Verne's book "The Children of Captain Grant"

In 1869, before writing the two parts of the trilogy, Jules Verne published a sequel to the science fiction novel “From the Earth to the Moon” - “Around the Moon”, the heroes of which are the same two Americans and a Frenchman.

Jules Verne presented the adventure novel “Around the World in 80 Days” in 1872. His heroes, the British aristocrat Fogg and the enterprising and savvy servant Passepartout, were so popular with readers that the story about the heroes’ journey was filmed three times and five animated series were made based on it in Australia, Poland, Spain and Japan. In the Soviet Union, a cartoon produced by Australia directed by Leif Graham is known, which premiered during the school winter holidays in 1981.

In 1878, Jules Verne presented the story “The Fifteen-Year-Old Captain” about junior sailor Dick Sand, who was forced to take command of the whaling ship Pilgrim, whose crew died in a fight with a whale.

In the Soviet Union, two films were made based on the novel: in 1945, black and white painting directed by Vasily Zhuravlev “The Fifteen-Year-Old Captain” and in 1986 “Captain of the Pilgrim” by Andrei Prachenko, in which they starred, and.

IN later novels Fans of Jules Verne's creativity saw the writer's underlying fear of the rapid progress of science and a warning against using discoveries for inhumane purposes. These are the 1869 novel Flag of the Motherland and two novels written in the early 1900s: Master of the World and Extraordinary Adventures Barsak's expedition. The last work was completed by Jules Verne's son, Michel Verne.

The late novels of the French writer are less known than the early ones written in the 60s and 70s. Jules Verne was inspired for his works not in the quiet of his office, but while traveling. On the yacht “Saint-Michel” (that was the name of the novelist’s three ships), he sailed around Mediterranean Sea, visited Lisbon, England and Scandinavia. On the Great Eastern he made a transatlantic cruise to America.

In 1884, Jules Verne visited the Mediterranean countries. This journey is the last in the life of the French writer.

The novelist wrote 66 novels, more than 20 stories and 30 plays. After his death, relatives, sorting through the archives, found many manuscripts that Jules Verne planned to use in writing future works. Readers saw the novel “Paris in the 20th Century” in 1994.

Personal life

Jules Verne met his future wife, Honorine de Vian, in the spring of 1856 in Amiens at a friend’s wedding. The flaring up of feelings was not hindered by Honorine’s two children from her previous marriage (de Vian’s first husband died).

In January of the following year, the lovers got married. Honorine and her children moved to Paris, where Jules Verne settled and worked. Four years later, the couple had a son, Michel. The boy appeared when his father was traveling in the Mediterranean on the Saint-Michel.

Michel Jean Pierre Verne created a film company in 1912, on the basis of which he filmed five of his father’s novels.

The novelist's grandson, Jean-Jules Verne, published a monograph about famous grandfather, which took 40 years to write. It appeared in the Soviet Union in 1978.

Death

Twenty recent years During his life, Jules Verne lived in the Amiens house, where he dictated novels to his family. In the spring of 1886, the writer was wounded in the leg by his mentally ill nephew, the son of Paul Verne. I had to forget about traveling. Diabetes mellitus and, in the last two years, blindness were connected to the injury.

Jules Verne died in March 1905. In the archives of the prose writer beloved by millions, there remain 20 thousand notebooks in which he wrote down information from all branches of science.

A monument was erected at the novelist’s grave, which reads: “ To immortality and eternal youth».

At the age of 11, Jules Verne was hired as a cabin boy on a ship and almost ran away to India.
In his novel Paris in the Twentieth Century, Jules Verne predicted the advent of the fax, video communications, the electric chair and television. But the publisher returned the manuscript to Verne, calling him an “idiot.”
Readers saw the novel “Paris in the 20th Century” thanks to the great-grandson of Jules Verne, Jean Verne. For half a century, the work was considered a family myth, but Jean, an opera tenor, found the manuscript in the family archive.
In the novel “The Extraordinary Adventures of the Barsac Expedition,” Jules Verne predicted the variable thrust vector in airplanes.

In “The Foundling of the Lost Cynthia,” the writer substantiated the need for the Northern Sea Route to be navigable in one navigation.
Jules Verne did not predict the appearance of a submarine - in his time it already existed. But the Nautilus, captained by Captain Nemo, was superior even to 21st century submarines.
The prose writer was mistaken in considering the core of the earth to be cold.
In nine novels, Jules Verne described the events that unfold in Russia without ever visiting the country.

Verne Quotes

“He knew that in life one inevitably has to, as they say, rub among people, and since friction slows down movement, he stayed away from everyone.”
“Better a tiger on the plain than a snake in the long grass.”
“Isn’t it true, if I don’t have a single flaw, then I will become an ordinary person!”
“A true Englishman never jokes when it comes to something as serious as a bet.”
“Smell is the soul of a flower.”
“New Zealanders only eat people fried or smoked. They are well-bred people and great gourmets.”
“Necessity is the best teacher in all cases of life.”
“The fewer amenities, the fewer needs, and the fewer needs, the happier a person.”

Bibliography

1863 "Five Weeks in a Balloon"
1864 "Journey to the Center of the Earth"
1865 "The Voyage and Adventures of Captain Hatteras"
1867 “Children of Captain Grant. Travel around the world"
1869 "Around the Moon"
1869 "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea"
1872 "Around the World in Eighty Days"
1874 "The Mysterious Island"
1878 "The Fifteen-Year-Old Captain"
1885 “Foundling from the dead “Cynthia”
1892 “Castle in the Carpathians”
1904 "Lord of the World"
1909 "The Shipwreck of the Jonathan"

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Biography, life story of Jules Verne

On February 8, 1828, in Nantes, France, a boy was born into the family of a lawyer, whose name Jules-Gabriel Verne became universally known far beyond the borders of France. Father of the future member of the French Geographical Society, the founder of science fiction, as well as the author of 66 novels, 30 plays, 20 stories and short stories, was lawyer Pierre Verne. Since the family owned a law firm, the father reasonably assumed that Jules, as befits the eldest child, would eventually become at his helm. The newborn's mother, née Allotte de la Fuyer, came from a very ancient family of shipbuilders and shipowners, many generations of whom lived and worked in Nantes, which for centuries was one of the largest ports in France.

The romance of the port city could not but influence the boy’s worldview. From early childhood, young Jules was attracted by sailing ships and travel to distant lands. In 1839, an 11-year-old boy attempted to make his dream come true by hiring himself as a cabin boy on the schooner Coralie, which was sailing to India. Fortunately, the father managed to protect his son from a rash act.

According to his father's ideas, Jules was supposed to become a lawyer, which happened when he graduated from the Paris School of Law. But, having received his diploma in 1849, Jules Verne chose to devote himself entirely to literature and theater, remaining in Paris. By this he doomed himself to a half-starved existence, since his father did not like this decision. However, this did not stop Jules from enthusiastically mastering a new field for himself, writing various literary works, ranging from comedies to opera librettos.

Intuition led the aspiring writer to the National Library, where, listening to lectures and scientific reports, he learned a lot interesting information in geography, navigation, astronomy, although he had little idea why he needed it. However, in 1851, the first creation with historical and geographical content was published - the story “The First Ships of the Mexican Fleet.” This work made a great impression on Alexandre Dumas and Victor Hugo, who began to patronize Jules Verne. It is believed that it was Dumas who advised the young protégé to start writing adventure stories. However, Jules Verne, as always, acted in his own way, deciding to describe the entire globe, from nature to the customs of peoples, combining science and art in his novels.

CONTINUED BELOW

Since the implementation of this idea required a lot of time, in 1862 Jules Verne broke with the theater, which allowed him to complete his first adventure novel, “5 Weeks in a Balloon.” On the advice of Dumas, Jules turned to the Journal of Education and Entertainment, where this novel was published. The first collaboration with the magazine turned out to be so successful that its publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel, seeing in the new author the talent of an “adventure” writer, entered into a 20-year contract with Jules Verne. According to its terms, the writer was obliged to publish 2 novels per year. This required a lot of effort, but at the same time it provided prosperity for the family of Jules Verne, who married in 1857. His chosen one was the widow Honorine de Vian, who at the time of her new marriage had two children. In 1961 they had their first and only common child- Michelle's son.

Further, as if trying to make up for the time lost in his youth, a number of masterpiece works come from the writer’s pen. In 1864, “Journey to the Center of the Earth” was published, in 1865 – “The Voyage of Captain Hatteras” and “From the Earth to the Moon”.

After finishing “The Children of Captain Grant” in 1868, Jules Verne decided to combine previously written works with future books. The result of this decision was the “Extraordinary Journeys” trilogy, which, in addition to “The Children of Captain Grant,” included “20 Thousand Leagues Under the Sea” and “The Mysterious Island,” published in 1870 and 1875, respectively.

By 1872, Jules Verne was finally tired of the fuss big city. The new place of residence was the provincial Amiens, located near Paris. From that time on, his life was reduced exclusively to literary creativity. According to biographers, the writer spent 15 hours a day at his desk. Practical result Such diligence resulted in the extraordinarily successful novel Around the World in 80 Days.

In 1878, another world-famous adventure work, The 15-Year-Old Captain, was published, the theme of which - racial discrimination - was continued in the next novel, North vs. South, which was published shortly after the end of Civil War to the USA in 1887.

Jules Verne's life ended on April 24, 1905 in Amiens. The cause of death was diabetes. He left numerous works as a legacy to his descendants, which even today can provide an exciting pastime.

The writer’s son was involved in cinematography and filmed several of his father’s works:

« Twenty thousand leagues under the sea"(1916);
« The fate of Jean Morin"(1916);
« Black India"(1917);
« Southern Star"(1918);
« Five hundred million begums"(1919).

Grandson - Jean-Jules Verne(1892-1980), author of a monograph on the life and work of his grandfather, on which he worked for about 40 years (published in France in 1973, Russian translation carried out in 1978 by the Progress publishing house). Great-grandson - Jean Verne(b. 1962), famous opera tenor. It was he who found the manuscript of the novel " Paris in the 20th century", which for many years was considered a family myth.

Study and creativity

The son of a lawyer, Verne studied law in Paris, but his love of literature prompted him to follow a different path. In 1850, Verne’s play “Broken Straws” was successfully staged at the Historical Theater by A. Dumas. In 1852-1854, Verne worked as secretary to the director of the Lyric Theater, then was a stockbroker, while still writing comedies, librettos, and stories.

Cycle “Extraordinary Journeys”

“Five weeks in a hot air balloon” (Russian translation - ed. by M. A. Golovachev, 1864, 306 pp.; entitled “ Air travel through Africa. Compiled from the notes of Dr. Fergusson by Julius Verne»).

The success of the novel inspired the writer. He decided to continue to work in this “key”, accompanying the romantic adventures of his heroes with increasingly skillful descriptions of incredible, but, nevertheless, carefully thought out scientific “miracles” born of his imagination. The cycle continued with novels:

"Journey to the Center of the Earth" (),
"The Voyage and Adventures of Captain Hatteras" (),
"From the Earth to the Moon" (),
"Children of Captain Grant" (),
"Around the Moon" (),
"Twenty thousand leagues under the sea" (),
"Around the world in 80 days" (),
"Mysterious Island" (),
"Michael Strogoff" (),
"Fifteen-year-old captain" (),
"Robur the Conqueror" ()

and many others.

The creative heritage of Jules Verne includes:

66 novels (including unfinished ones and published only at the end of the 20th century);
more than 20 novels and short stories;
more than 30 plays;
several documentary and scientific works.

The work of Jules Verne is imbued with the romance of science, faith in the good of progress, and admiration for the power of human thought. He also sympathetically describes the struggle of peoples for national liberation.

In the writer’s novels, readers found not only an enthusiastic description of technology and travel, but also bright and vivid images noble heroes(Captain Hatteras, Captain Grant, Captain Nemo), cute eccentric scientists (Professor Lidenbrock, Doctor Clawbonny, Cousin Benedict, geographer Jacques Paganel, astronomer Palmyrene Roset).

Later creativity

In his later works There was a fear of the use of science for criminal purposes:

"Flag of the Motherland" (),
"Lord of the World" (),
“The Extraordinary Adventures of the Barsak Expedition” (; the novel was completed by the writer’s son Michel Verne).

Faith in constant progress was replaced by an anxious expectation of the unknown. However, these books were never as huge a success as his previous works.

After the writer's death there remained large number unpublished manuscripts that continue to be published to this day. Thus, the novel Paris in the 20th century, 1863, was published only in 1994.

Travel writer

Jules Verne was not an “armchair” writer; he traveled a lot around the world, including on his yachts “Saint-Michel I”, “Saint-Michel II” and “Saint-Michel III”. In 1859 he traveled to England and Scotland. In 1861 he visited Scandinavia.

In 1867, Verne took a transatlantic cruise on the Great Eastern to the United States, visiting New York and Niagara Falls.

In 1878, Jules Verne made a great voyage on the yacht Saint-Michel III in the Mediterranean Sea, visiting Lisbon, Tangier, Gibraltar and Algiers. In 1879, Jules Verne again visited England and Scotland on the yacht Saint-Michel III. In 1881, Jules Verne visited the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark on his yacht. At the same time he planned to reach St. Petersburg, but a strong storm prevented this.

In 1884, Jules Verne made his last great journey. On the Saint-Michel III he visited Algeria, Malta, Italy and other Mediterranean countries. Many of his trips subsequently formed the basis of “Extraordinary Journeys” - “Floating City” (), “Black India” (), “Green Ray” (), “Lottery Ticket No. 9672” () and others.

Last 20 years of life

On March 9, 1886, Jules Verne was seriously wounded in the ankle by a revolver shot from his mentally ill nephew Gaston Verne (son of Paul). I had to forget about traveling forever.

Shortly before his death, Verne went blind, but still continued to dictate books.

“The Mysterious Island” (1902, 1921, 1929, 1941, 1951, 1961, 1963, 1973, 1975, 2001, 2005, 2012, etc.).
The misadventures of a Chinese man in China ()
The Mysterious Island of Captain Nemo (1973), under this name it was released in the Soviet Union
“20,000 Leagues Under the Sea” (1905, 1907, 1916, 1927, 1954, 1975, 1997, 1997 (II), 2007, etc.).
"Children of Captain Grant" (1901, 1913, 1962, 1996; 1936 CCCP, 1985, etc.),
"From the Earth to the Moon" (1902, 1903, 1906, 1958, 1970, 1986),
“Journey to the Center of the Earth” (1907, 1909, 1959, 1977, 1988, 1999, 2007, 2008, etc.),
Around the World in 80 Days (1913, 1919, 1921, 1956 Oscar for Best Picture, 1957, 1975, 1989, 2000, 2004),
“The Fifteen-Year-Old Captain” (1971; 1945, 1986 USSR),
"Michael Strogoff" (1908, 1910, 1914, 1926, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1944, 1955, 1956, 1961, 1970, 1975, 1997, 1999).

Wolfgang Hohlbein wrote a continuation of the stories about Nautilus, creating the series of books “The Children of Captain Nemo” ().
In the 60s of the 19th century Russian Empire The publication of Jules Verne's novel “Journey to the Center of the Earth” was banned, in which spiritual censors found anti-religious ideas, as well as the danger of destroying trust in the Holy Scriptures and the clergy.
The 16th release of the Fedora operating system, codenamed Verne, is named after the writer.
At the age of eleven, Jules almost ran away to India, hiring himself as a cabin boy on the schooner Coralie, but was stopped in time. Being already famous writer, he admitted: “I must have been born a sailor and now I regret every day that a naval career did not fall to my lot since childhood.”
The prototype of Michel Ardant from the novel “From the Earth to the Moon” was a friend of Jules Verne - writer, artist and photographer Felix Tournachon, better known under the pseudonym Nadar.
Jules Verne could be at his desk literally from dawn to dusk - from five in the morning to eight in the evening. He managed to write one and a half printed sheets per day, which is equal to twenty-four book pages.
The writer was inspired to write the novel Around the World in Eighty Days by a magazine article proving that if a traveler had good transportation, he could circumnavigate the globe in eighty days. Verne also calculated that you could even win one day if you use the geographical paradox described by Edgar Allan Poe in the novel “Three Sundays in One Week.”
American newspaper magnate Gordon Bennett asked Verne to write a story specifically for American readers - predicting the future of America. The request was fulfilled, but the story entitled “In the 29th century. One Day of an American Journalist in the Year 2889” was never released in America.
In 1863, Jules Verne wrote Paris in the 20th Century, in which he described in detail the automobile, the fax machine and the electric chair. The publisher returned the manuscript to him, calling him an idiot.
Jules Verne was fifth after H. C. Andersen, D. London, the Brothers Grimm and C. Perrault in terms of publishing in the USSR foreign writer for 1918-1986: the total circulation of 514 publications amounted to 50,943 thousand copies.

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Notes

Newspaper “Book Review”, No. 3, 2012
Vengerova Z. A.// Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
Schmadel, Lutz D. . - Fifth Revised and Enlarged Edition. - B., Heidelberg, N. Y.: Springer, 2003. - P. 449. - ISBN 3-540-00238-3.
- in the document you need to search for Circular No. 24765 (M.P.C. 24765)
Euro-Coins.News.. Retrieved July 17, 2012. .
Euro-Coins.News.. Retrieved July 17, 2012. .
Dmitry Zlotnitsky// World of fantasy. - 2011. - No. 11. - pp. 106-110.
Leonid Kaganov. ""
Genrikh Altov“The Fate of Jules Verne’s Foresights” // World of Adventures. - 1963.
Vl. Gakov// If . - 2007. - No. 9.
Grekulov E.F. Chapter VIII. Persecution of education and science / . - Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Popular science series. - M.: Science, 1964.
Book publishing of the USSR. Figures and facts. 1917-1987 / E. L. Nemirovsky, M. L. Platova. - M.: Book, 1987. - P. 311. - 320 p. - 3000 copies.



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Excerpt characterizing Verne, Jules

“And so as not to ruin the region that we left to the enemy,” said Prince Andrei with malicious mockery. – This is very thorough; The region must not be allowed to be plundered and the troops must not be accustomed to looting. Well, in Smolensk, he also correctly judged that the French could get around us and that they had more forces. But he couldn’t understand,” Prince Andrei suddenly shouted in a thin voice, as if escaping, “but he couldn’t understand that we fought there for the first time for Russian land, that there was such a spirit in the troops that I had never seen, that We fought off the French for two days in a row and that this success increased our strength tenfold. He ordered a retreat, and all efforts and losses were in vain. He didn’t think about betrayal, he tried to do everything as best as possible, he thought it over; but that’s why it’s no good. He is no good now precisely because he thinks everything over very thoroughly and carefully, as every German should. How can I tell you... Well, your father has a German footman, and he is an excellent footman and will satisfy all his needs better than you, and let him serve; but if your father is sick at the point of death, you will drive away the footman and with your unusual, clumsy hands you will begin to follow your father and calm him down better than a skilled but stranger. That's what they did with Barclay. While Russia was healthy, a stranger could serve her, and she had an excellent minister, but as soon as she was in danger; I need my own dear person. And in your club they made up the idea that he was a traitor! The only thing they will do by slandering him as a traitor is that later, ashamed of their false accusation, they will suddenly make a hero or a genius out of the traitors, which will be even more unfair. He is an honest and very neat German...
“However, they say he is a skilled commander,” said Pierre.
“I don’t understand what a skilled commander means,” said Prince Andrey with mockery.
“A skillful commander,” said Pierre, “well, the one who foresaw all the contingencies... well, guessed the thoughts of the enemy.”
“Yes, this is impossible,” said Prince Andrei, as if about a long-decided matter.
Pierre looked at him in surprise.
“However,” he said, “they say that war is like a chess game.”
“Yes,” said Prince Andrei, “only with this small difference that in chess you can think about every step as much as you like, that you are there outside the conditions of time, and with this difference that a knight is always stronger than a pawn and two pawns are always stronger.” one, and in war one battalion is sometimes stronger than a division, and sometimes weaker than a company. The relative strength of the troops cannot be known to anyone. Believe me,” he said, “if anything depended on the orders of the headquarters, I would have been there and made the orders, but instead I have the honor of serving here, in the regiment with these gentlemen, and I think that we really tomorrow will depend, not on them... Success has never depended and will not depend on position, weapons, or even numbers; and least of all from the position.
- And from what?
“From the feeling that is in me, in him,” he pointed to Timokhin, “in every soldier.”
Prince Andrei looked at Timokhin, who looked at his commander in fear and bewilderment. In contrast to his previous restrained silence, Prince Andrei now seemed agitated. He apparently could not resist expressing those thoughts that unexpectedly came to him.
– The battle will be won by the one who is determined to win it. Why did we lose the battle at Austerlitz? Our loss was almost equal to the French, but we told ourselves very early that we had lost the battle - and we lost. And we said this because we had no need to fight there: we wanted to leave the battlefield as quickly as possible. “If you lose, then run away!” - we ran. If we hadn’t said this until the evening, God knows what would have happened. And tomorrow we won’t say this. You say: our position, the left flank is weak, the right flank is stretched,” he continued, “all this is nonsense, there is none of this.” What do we have in store for tomorrow? A hundred million of the most varied contingencies that will be decided instantly by the fact that they or ours ran or will run, that they will kill this one, they will kill the other; and what is being done now is all fun. The fact is that those with whom you traveled in position not only do not contribute to the general course of affairs, but interfere with it. They are busy only with their own small interests.
- At such a moment? - Pierre said reproachfully.
“At such a moment,” repeated Prince Andrei, “for them it is only such a moment in which they can dig under the enemy and get an extra cross or ribbon.” For me, for tomorrow this is this: a hundred thousand Russian and a hundred thousand French troops came together to fight, and the fact is that these two hundred thousand are fighting, and whoever fights angrier and feels less sorry for himself will win. And if you want, I’ll tell you that, no matter what it is, no matter what is confused up there, we will win the battle tomorrow. Tomorrow, no matter what, we will win the battle!
“Here, your Excellency, the truth, the true truth,” said Timokhin. - Why feel sorry for yourself now! The soldiers in my battalion, would you believe it, didn’t drink vodka: it’s not such a day, they say. - Everyone was silent.
The officers stood up. Prince Andrei went out with them outside the barn, giving the last orders to the adjutant. When the officers left, Pierre approached Prince Andrei and was just about to start a conversation when the hooves of three horses clattered along the road not far from the barn, and, looking in this direction, Prince Andrei recognized Wolzogen and Clausewitz, accompanied by a Cossack. They drove close, continuing to talk, and Pierre and Andrey involuntarily heard the following phrases:
– Der Krieg muss im Raum verlegt werden. Der Ansicht kann ich nicht genug Preis geben, [War must be transferred to space. I cannot praise this view enough (German)] - said one.
“O ja,” said another voice, “da der Zweck ist nur den Feind zu schwachen, so kann man gewiss nicht den Verlust der Privatpersonen in Achtung nehmen.” [Oh yes, since the goal is to weaken the enemy, the losses of private individuals cannot be taken into account]
“O ja, [Oh yes (German)],” confirmed the first voice.
“Yes, im Raum verlegen, [transfer into space (German)],” Prince Andrei repeated, snorting angrily through his nose, when they passed. – Im Raum then [In space (German)] I still have a father, a son, and a sister in Bald Mountains. He doesn't care. This is what I told you - these German gentlemen will not win the battle tomorrow, but will only spoil how much their strength will be, because in his German head there are only reasonings that are not worth a damn, and in his heart there is nothing that is only and what is needed for tomorrow is what is in Timokhin. They gave all of Europe to him and came to teach us - glorious teachers! – his voice squealed again.
– So you think that tomorrow’s battle will be won? - said Pierre.
“Yes, yes,” said Prince Andrei absently. “One thing I would do if I had power,” he began again, “I would not take prisoners.” What are prisoners? This is chivalry. The French have ruined my house and are going to ruin Moscow, and they have insulted and insulted me every second. They are my enemies, they are all criminals, according to my standards. And Timokhin and the entire army think the same. We must execute them. If they are my enemies, then they cannot be friends, no matter how they talk in Tilsit.
“Yes, yes,” said Pierre, looking at Prince Andrei with sparkling eyes, “I completely, completely agree with you!”
The question that had been troubling Pierre since Mozhaisk Mountain all that day now seemed to him completely clear and completely resolved. He now understood the whole meaning and significance of this war and the upcoming battle. Everything he saw that day, all the significant, stern expressions on faces that he glimpsed, were illuminated for him with a new light. He understood that hidden (latente), as they say in physics, warmth of patriotism, which was in all those people whom he saw, and which explained to him why all these people were calmly and seemingly frivolously preparing for death.
“Take no prisoners,” continued Prince Andrei. “This alone would change the whole war and make it less cruel.” Otherwise we were playing at war - that’s what’s bad, we’re being generous and the like. This is generosity and sensitivity - like the generosity and sensitivity of a lady who becomes sick when she sees a calf being killed; she is so kind that she cannot see the blood, but she eats this calf with gravy with appetite. They talk to us about the rights of war, about chivalry, about parliamentarianism, to spare the unfortunate, and so on. It's all nonsense. I saw chivalry and parliamentarianism in 1805: we were deceived, we were deceived. They rob other people's houses, pass around counterfeit banknotes, and worst of all, they kill my children, my father, and talk about the rules of war and generosity towards enemies. Don't take prisoners, but kill and go to your death! Who got to this point the way I did, through the same suffering...
Prince Andrei, who thought that he didn’t care whether they took Moscow or not the way they took Smolensk, suddenly stopped in his speech from an unexpected spasm that grabbed him by the throat. He walked several times in silence, but his eyes shone feverishly, and his lip trembled when he began to speak again:
“If there were no generosity in war, then we would only go when it’s worth it to go to certain death, as now.” Then there would be no war because Pavel Ivanovich offended Mikhail Ivanovich. And if there is a war like now, then there is a war. And then the intensity of the troops would not be the same as it is now. Then all these Westphalians and Hessians, led by Napoleon, would not have followed him to Russia, and we would not have gone to fight in Austria and Prussia, without knowing why. War is not a courtesy, but the most disgusting thing in life, and we must understand this and not play at war. We must take this terrible necessity strictly and seriously. That's all there is to it: throw away the lies, and war is war, not a toy. Otherwise, war is the favorite pastime of idle and frivolous people... The military class is the most honorable. What is war, what is needed for success in military affairs, what are the morals of military society? The purpose of war is murder, the weapons of war are espionage, treason and its encouragement, the ruin of the inhabitants, their robbery or theft to feed the army; deception and lies, called stratagems; the morals of the military class - lack of freedom, that is, discipline, idleness, ignorance, cruelty, debauchery, drunkenness. And despite this, this is the highest class, respected by everyone. All kings, except the Chinese, wear a military uniform, and the one who killed the most people is given a large reward... They will come together, like tomorrow, to kill each other, kill, maim tens of thousands of people, and then they will serve thanksgiving services for having beaten there are many people (whose number is still being added), and they proclaim victory, believing that the more people are beaten, the greater the merit. How God looks and listens to them from there! – Prince Andrei shouted in a thin, squeaky voice. - Oh, my soul, lately It became difficult for me to live. I see that I have begun to understand too much. But it is not good for a person to eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil... Well, not for long! - he added. “However, you are sleeping, and I don’t care, go to Gorki,” Prince Andrei suddenly said.
- Oh no! - Pierre answered, looking at Prince Andrei with frightened, compassionate eyes.
“Go, go: you need to get some sleep before the battle,” repeated Prince Andrei. He quickly approached Pierre, hugged him and kissed him. “Goodbye, go,” he shouted. “See you, no...” and he quickly turned around and went into the barn.
It was already dark, and Pierre could not make out the expression that was on Prince Andrei’s face, whether it was angry or tender.
Pierre stood silently for some time, wondering whether to follow him or go home. “No, he doesn’t need it! “Pierre decided to himself, “and I know that this is our last date.” He sighed heavily and drove back to Gorki.
Prince Andrey, returning to the barn, lay down on the carpet, but could not sleep.
He closed his eyes. Some images were replaced by others. He stopped at one for a long time, joyfully. He vividly remembered one evening in St. Petersburg. Natasha, with a lively, excited face, told him how last summer, while out picking mushrooms, she got lost in a large forest. She incoherently described to him the wilderness of the forest, and her feelings, and conversations with the beekeeper whom she had met, and, interrupting every minute in her story, she said: “No, I can’t, I’m not telling it like that; no, you don’t understand,” despite the fact that Prince Andrei reassured her, saying that he understood, and really understood everything she wanted to say. Natasha was dissatisfied with her words - she felt that the passionately poetic feeling that she experienced that day and which she wanted to turn out did not come out. “This old man was such a charm, and it was so dark in the forest... and he was so kind... no, I don’t know how to tell,” she said, blushing and worried. Prince Andrey smiled now with the same joyful smile that he smiled then, looking into her eyes. “I understood her,” thought Prince Andrei. “Not only did I understand, but this spiritual strength, this sincerity, this spiritual openness, this soul of hers, which seemed to be connected by her body, I loved this soul in her... I loved her so much, so happily...” And suddenly he remembered about how his love ended. “He didn’t need any of this. He didn't see or understand any of this. He saw in her a pretty and fresh girl, with whom he did not deign to throw in his lot. What about me? And he is still alive and cheerful.”
Prince Andrei, as if someone had burned him, jumped up and began to walk in front of the barn again.

On August 25, on the eve of the Battle of Borodino, the prefect of the palace of the French Emperor, M r de Beausset, and Colonel Fabvier arrived, the first from Paris, the second from Madrid, to Emperor Napoleon in his camp at Valuev.
Having changed into a court uniform, M r de Beausset ordered the parcel he had brought to the emperor to be carried in front of him and entered the first compartment of Napoleon's tent, where, talking with Napoleon's adjutants who surrounded him, he began to uncork the box.
Fabvier, without entering the tent, stopped, talking with familiar generals, at the entrance to it.
Emperor Napoleon had not yet left his bedroom and was finishing his toilet. He, snorting and grunting, turned first with his thick back, then with his overgrown fat chest under the brush with which the valet rubbed his body. Another valet, holding the bottle with his finger, sprinkled cologne on the emperor’s well-groomed body with an expression that said that he alone could know how much and where to sprinkle the cologne. Napoleon's short hair was wet and tangled over his forehead. But his face, although swollen and yellow, expressed physical pleasure: “Allez ferme, allez toujours...” [Well, even stronger...] - he said, shrugging and grunting, to the valet who was rubbing him. The adjutant, who entered the bedroom in order to report to the emperor about how many prisoners were taken in yesterday's case, having handed over what was needed, stood at the door, waiting for permission to leave. Napoleon, wincing, glanced from under his brows at the adjutant.
“Point de prisonniers,” he repeated the adjutant’s words. – Il se font demolir. “Tant pis pour l"armee russe,” he said. “Allez toujours, allez ferme, [There are no prisoners. They force themselves to be exterminated. So much the worse for the Russian army. Well, even stronger...],” he said, hunching his back and exposing his fat shoulders.
“C"est bien! Faites entrer monsieur de Beausset, ainsi que Fabvier, [Okay! Let de Beausset come in, and Fabvier too.] - he said to the adjutant, nodding his head.
- Oui, Sire, [Listen, sir.] - and the adjutant disappeared through the door of the tent. Two valets quickly dressed His Majesty, and he, in a blue guards uniform, with quick steps went out to the reception area.
At this time, Bosse was hurrying with his hands, placing the gift he had brought from the Empress on two chairs, right in front of the Emperor’s entrance. But the emperor got dressed and went out so unexpectedly quickly that he did not have time to fully prepare the surprise.
Napoleon immediately noticed what they were doing and guessed that they were not yet ready. He didn't want to deprive them of the pleasure of surprising him. He pretended not to see Monsieur Bosset and called Fabvier over to him. Napoleon listened, with a stern frown and in silence, to what Fabvier told him about the courage and devotion of his troops, who fought at Salamanca on the other side of Europe and had only one thought - to be worthy of their emperor, and one fear - not to please him. The result of the battle was sad. Napoleon made ironic remarks during Fabvier's story, as if he did not imagine that things could go differently in his absence.
“I must correct this in Moscow,” said Napoleon. “A tantot, [Goodbye.],” he added and called de Bosset, who at that time had already managed to prepare a surprise by placing something on the chairs and covering something with a blanket.
De Bosset bowed low with that French court bow, which only the old servants of the Bourbons knew how to bow, and approached, handing over an envelope.
Napoleon turned to him cheerfully and pulled him by the ear.
– You were in a hurry, I’m very glad. Well, what does Paris say? - he said, suddenly changing his previously stern expression to the most affectionate.
– Sire, tout Paris regrette votre absence, [Sire, all of Paris regrets your absence.] – as it should, answered de Bosset. But although Napoleon knew that Bosset had to say this or the like, although he knew in his clear moments that it was not true, he was pleased to hear it from de Bosset. He again deigned to touch him behind the ear.
“Je suis fache, de vous avoir fait faire tant de chemin,” he said.
- Sire! Je ne m"attendais pas a moins qu"a vous trouver aux portes de Moscou, [I expected no less than to find you, sir, at the gates of Moscow.] - said Bosse.
Napoleon smiled and, absentmindedly raising his head, looked around to the right. The adjutant approached with a floating step with a golden snuff-box and offered it to her. Napoleon took it.
“Yes, it happened well for you,” he said, putting the open snuffbox to his nose, “you love to travel, in three days you will see Moscow.” You probably didn't expect to see the Asian capital. You will make a pleasant trip.
Bosse bowed with gratitude for this attentiveness to his (until now unknown to him) inclination to travel.
- A! what is this? - said Napoleon, noticing that all the courtiers were looking at something covered with a veil. Bosse, with courtly dexterity, without showing his back, took a half-turn two steps back and at the same time pulled off the coverlet and said:
- A gift to Your Majesty from the Empress.
It was bright colors a portrait painted by Gerard of a boy born from Napoleon and the daughter of the Austrian emperor, whom for some reason everyone called the King of Rome.
A very handsome curly-haired boy, with a look similar to that of Christ in the Sistine Madonna, was depicted playing in a billbok. The ball represented the globe, and the wand in the other hand represented the scepter.
Although it was not entirely clear what exactly the painter wanted to express by representing the so-called King of Rome piercing the globe with a stick, this allegory, like everyone who saw the picture in Paris, and Napoleon, obviously seemed clear and liked it very much.
“Roi de Rome, [Roman King.],” he said, pointing to the portrait with a graceful gesture of his hand. – Admirable! [Wonderful!] – With the Italian ability to change his facial expression at will, he approached the portrait and pretended to be thoughtfully tender. He felt that what he would say and do now was history. And it seemed to him that the best thing he could do now is that he, with his greatness, as a result of which his son played with the globe in a bilbok, should show, in contrast to this greatness, the simplest fatherly tenderness. His eyes became misty, he moved, looked back at the chair (the chair jumped under him) and sat down on it opposite the portrait. One gesture from him - and everyone tiptoed out, leaving the great man to himself and his feelings.
After sitting for some time and touching, without knowing why, his hand to the roughness of the glare of the portrait, he stood up and again called Bosse and the duty officer. He ordered the portrait to be taken out in front of the tent, so as not to deprive the old guard, who stood near his tent, of the happiness of seeing the Roman king, the son and heir of their beloved sovereign.
As he had expected, while he was having breakfast with Monsieur Bosse, who had received this honor, in front of the tent the enthusiastic cries of the officers and soldiers of the old guard who had come running to the portrait were heard.
– Vive l"Empereur! Vive le Roi de Rome! Vive l"Empereur! [Long live the Emperor! Long live the Roman King!] - enthusiastic voices were heard.
After breakfast, Napoleon, in the presence of Bosse, dictated his orders for the army.
– Courte et energique! [Short and energetic!] - said Napoleon when he read the written proclamation immediately without amendments. The order was:
“Warriors! This is the battle you have longed for. Victory depends on you. It is necessary for us; she will provide us with everything we need: comfortable apartments and a quick return to our homeland. Act as you acted at Austerlitz, Friedland, Vitebsk and Smolensk. May later posterity proudly remember your exploits to this day. Let it be said about each of you: he was in great battle near Moscow!
– De la Moscow! [Near Moscow!] - Napoleon repeated, and, inviting Mr. Bosse, who loved to travel, to join him in his walk, he left the tent to the saddled horses.