The story of the Master and Margarita is known even to those who have never read the work of Mikhail Bulgakov. One of the eternal, timeless themes, the theme of love in the novel “The Master and Margarita” by Bulgakov attracts with its depth and sincerity.
Heroes before they meet each other
Through the mouth of the Master himself, Bulgakov tells us about his life before meeting the heroine. A historian by training, the hero worked in one of the museums in the capital, sometimes “doing translations” (he knew several languages). He was lonely and had few acquaintances in Moscow. Having won a lot of money on a bond received at work, he rented basement rooms in a small house and bought necessary books and began to write a novel about Pontius Pilate. The master, who then had a name, was experiencing his “golden age.” The coming spring was beautiful, the novel about Pilate was “flying to its end.”
One day “something much more delightful happened” than big win– The master met a woman, very beautiful, with “an extraordinary, unprecedented loneliness in her eyes,” and from that moment his life became complete.
This woman was beautiful, wealthy, married to a young successful specialist, and, by the standards of the people around her, completely prosperous. Talking about it, the author exclaims: “Gods, my gods! What did this woman need!” The heroine is lonely and unhappy - there is no love in her life. Together with the Master, meaning came to Margarita’s life.
This is how the theme of love begins to sound in the novel “The Master and Margarita” with a story about a seemingly random meeting of heroes.
The problem of love in the novel
Love did not make the heroes better or worse - it, like a true feeling, made them different.
The Master and Margarita realized that “fate itself” brought them together and that they were created for each other forever. Love “struck us instantly”, “struck us both at once! - exclaims the Master, talking with the poet Bezdomny, - so lightning strikes, so strikes Finnish knife! - forever and irrevocably.
The master was now creating a great novel, he was inspired by his beloved. Margarita found happiness by becoming the writer’s “secret wife,” friend and like-minded person. And just as there was “not a soul” in the alley along which, when they first met, the heroes walked, so in their new life there was no place for anyone: only two and their common cause - a romance created by the Master.
The novel was completed, and “the hour came when I had to leave the secret shelter and go out into life.”
The world of literature, the reality into which the Master plunges - the world of opportunism, mediocrity and denial of talent - breaks him.
The heroes have to confront the world around them. Following the fate of the writer and his beloved, we see how the problem of love is solved in many ways in the novel “The Master and Margarita.”
Love of the Master and Margarita: dedication and selflessness
Bulgakov writes a selfless and selfless love story.
Margarita accepts the hero’s interests as her own, she does everything to make her beloved happy and calm, this is now the meaning of her existence, she inspires the writer, helps him create and makes him a Master. Their life becomes one.
Not feeling happy for a minute in the Gothic mansion, Margarita nevertheless cannot hurt her husband, leave without explaining anything, because he “did no harm” to her.
The master who created a brilliant but “untimely” novel is broken. “I’m nobody now.” He wants nothing more than to see his beloved, but he considers himself not to have the right to ruin her life.
Mercy and compassion in the love of heroes
Love in the novel “The Master and Margarita” is merciful and compassionate.
The feeling that the heroine experiences for her chosen one is inextricably linked with her love for people. With dignity, fulfilling the role of queen at Satan's ball, she bestows love and attention on all the great sinners. Her own suffering prompts her to save others from the suffering: without even thinking about whether she is a “person of exceptional kindness” or a “highly moral person”, she asks Woland not for herself, but for the forgiveness of Frida, the repentant killer of her own child.
Even in a fit of revenge, love allows Margarita to remain a woman, sensitive and merciful. The “wild destruction” caused by the heroine stopped as soon as she saw a frightened baby in one of the windows. Thirsty for reprisal against the critic Latunsky, who killed the Master, Margarita is not able to condemn him to death. Turning her into a witch does not deprive her of the main thing - true femininity.
Lovers take the last step before dissolving into eternity together. Margarita demands to release the soul of Pilate, tormented by his conscience for so long, but the Master gets the opportunity to do this by ending the novel with one phrase: “Free! Free! He's waiting for you!
Faithful and eternal love of the Master and Margarita
Left alone, without any news about her beloved, Margarita preserves her feeling and hope of meeting. She doesn’t care how or where it will take place, or who will arrange it.
It is in the work “The Master and Margarita” that the theme eternal love and fidelity as a saving force human soul is revealed to us by the author. What a person is capable of to keep his love - the story makes us think about this.
Learn about the Master - only wish desperate Margarita, for whose sake you can believe in anything, turn into a witch, become the hostess of the ball of Satan himself. For her, the boundaries of Light and Darkness are blurred: “otherworldly or not otherworldly - it doesn’t matter,” she is sure. Yeshua read the novel, asks to give peace to the writer and his beloved, and the “prince of darkness” “arranges” peace. Margarita will remain with her beloved forever; next to him, death is not scary. “I will take care of your sleep,” she says, walking with the Master to their eternal home.
The power of love saves the Master from suffering, makes him strong (“I will never allow cowardice again,” he promises the heroine) and returns his brilliant novel to the world.
The theme of love in Bulgakov’s work is perhaps so poignant and authentic because the author had the good fortune to love himself and be loved by a woman, who was embodied in the image of Margarita.
Time passes, the story of eternal love, told on the pages of “The Master and Margarita,” does not grow old, convincing that true love- exists.
Many contemporaries tried to give their analysis of love in the novel and the reasons for its appearance; the above arguments are intended to help 11th graders when writing an essay on the topic “Love in the novel “The Master and Margarita” by Bulgakov.”
Work test
The Master and Margarita. This is the first thing that comes to mind when they pronounce the name of Mikhail Bulgakov. This is due to the popularity of the work, which raises the question of eternal values, such as good and evil, life and death, etc.
“The Master and Margarita” is an unusual novel, because the theme of love is touched upon only in the second part. It seems that the writer was trying to prepare the reader for the correct perception. The love story of the Master and Margarita is a kind of challenge to the surrounding everyday life, a protest against passivity, a desire to resist various circumstances.
In contrast to the theme of Faust, Mikhail Bulgakov makes it Margarita, and not the Master, who contacts the devil and finds herself in the world of black magic. It was Margarita, so cheerful and restless, who turned out to be the only character who dared to make a dangerous deal. To meet her beloved, she was ready to risk anything. And so it began love story The Master and Margarita.
Creation of a novel
Work on the novel began around 1928. The work was originally called “A Romance about the Devil.” At that time, the names of the Master and Margarita were not even in the novel.
After 2 years, Bulgakov decided to thoroughly return to his main work. Initially, Margarita enters the novel, and then the Master. 5 years later appears to everyone famous name"The Master and Margarita".
In 1937, Mikhail Bulgakov rewrote the novel. This takes about 6 months. The six notebooks he wrote became the first complete handwritten novel. A few minutes later he was dictating his novel onto a typewriter. Huge amounts of work were completed in less than a month. This is the story of the writing. The Master and Margarita, the great novel, ends in the spring of 1939, when the author corrects a paragraph in the last chapter and dictates a new epilogue, which has survived to this day.
Later, Bulgakov had new ideas, but there were no corrections.
The story of the Master and Margarita. Briefly about dating
The meeting of two lovers was quite unusual. Walking down the street, Margarita was carrying a bouquet of rather strange flowers in her hands. But the Master was struck not by the bouquet, not by Margarita’s beauty, but by the endless loneliness in her eyes. At that moment, the girl asked the Master if he liked her flowers, but he replied that he preferred roses, and Margarita threw the bouquet into a ditch. Later, the Master will tell Ivan that love broke out between them suddenly, comparing it to the killer in the alley. Love was indeed unexpected and was not intended for a happy ending - after all, the woman was married. The master at that time was working on a book, which the editors did not accept. And it was important for him to find a person who could understand his work and feel his soul. It was Margarita who became that person, sharing all his feelings with the Master.
It becomes clear where the sadness in the girl’s eyes comes from after she admits that she went out that day to find her love, otherwise she would have been poisoned, because a life in which there is no love is joyless and empty. But the story of the Master and Margarita does not end there.
The origin of feeling
After meeting her lover, Margarita’s eyes sparkle, the fire of passion and love burns in them. The master is next to her. One day, when she was sewing a black hat for her beloved, she embroidered the yellow letter M on it. And from that moment she began to call him Master, urging him on and predicting glory for him. Re-reading the novel, she repeated the phrases that stuck in her soul and concluded that her life was in that novel. But it contained the life not only of hers, but also of the Master.
But the Master never managed to publish his novel; he was subjected to harsh criticism. Fear filled his mind, developing. Watching the grief of his beloved, Margarita also changed for the worse, turned pale, lost weight and did not laugh at all.
One day the Master threw the manuscript into the fire, but Margarita snatched what was left from the oven, as if trying to preserve their feelings. But this did not happen, the Master disappeared. Margarita is left alone again. But the story of the novel “The Master and Margarita” was One day a black magician appeared in the city, the girl dreamed of the Master, and she realized that they would definitely see each other again.
The appearance of Woland
For the first time he appears in front of Berlioz, who in a conversation reject the divinity of Christ. Woland is trying to prove that both God and the Devil exist in the world.
Woland's task is to extract the genius of the Master and the beautiful Margarita from Moscow. He and his retinue provoke unfaithful acts among Muscovites and convince people that they will go unpunished, but then he himself punishes them.
Long-awaited meeting
On the day when Margarita had a dream, she met Azazello. It was he who hinted to her that a meeting with the Master was possible. But she was given a choice: turn into a witch or never see her loved one. For loving woman this choice did not seem difficult, she was ready to do anything just to see her beloved. And as soon as Woland asked how he could help Margarita, she immediately asked for a meeting with the Master. At that moment, her lover appeared in front of her. It would seem that the goal has been achieved, the story of the Master and Margarita could have ended, but the connection with Satan does not end well.
Death of the Master and Margarita
It turned out that the Master was out of his mind, so the long-awaited date did not bring joy to Margarita. And then she proves to Woland that the Master is worthy to be cured, and asks Satan about it. Woland fulfills Margarita’s request, and he and the Master return to their basement again, where they begin to dream about their future.
After this, the lovers drink Falernian wine brought by Azazello, not knowing that it contains poison. They both die and fly away with Woland to another world. And although this is where the love story of the Master and Margarita ends, the love itself remains eternal!
Unusual Love
The love story of the Master and Margarita is quite unusual. First of all, because Woland himself acts as the lovers’ assistant.
The fact is that when love visited, events began to develop completely differently than we would like. It turns out that the whole world around us is in favor of the couple not being happy. And it is at this moment that Woland appears. The relationship between lovers depends on the book written by the Master. At that moment when he tries to burn everything written, he still does not realize that the manuscripts do not burn, due to the fact that they contain truth. The master returns after Woland gives the manuscript to Margarita.
The girl completely surrenders to the great feeling, and this is the most big problem love. The Master and Margarita reached top level spirituality, but for this Margarita had to give her soul to the Devil.
On in this example Bulgakov showed that every person should make his own destiny and not ask from higher powers no help.
The work and its author
The master is considered an autobiographical hero. The Master's age in the novel is about 40 years old. Bulgakov was the same age when he wrote this novel.
The author lived in the city of Moscow on Bolshaya Sadovaya Street in building 10, in apartment 50, which became the prototype of the “bad apartment.” The Music Hall in Moscow served as the Variety Theater, which was located nearby the “bad apartment.”
The writer's second wife testified that the prototype of the Behemoth cat was their pet Flushka. The only thing the author changed about the cat was the color: Flushka was a gray cat, and Behemoth was a black cat.
The phrase “Manuscripts don’t burn” was used more than once by Bulgakov’s favorite writer, Saltykov-Shchedrin.
The love story of the Master and Margarita has become real and will remain an object of discussion for many centuries.
Bulgakov began writing his main book, the novel “The Master and Margarita,” which was first called “The Engineer’s Hoof” and “The Black Magician” in 1928-29. He dictated the last insertions of the work to his wife in 1940, in February, three weeks before his death. In this article we will look at last novel Bulgakov, let's analyze it.
"The Master and Margarita" - the result of Bulgakov's work
This novel was a kind of synthesis, the result of all the previous experience of the writer and playwright. It reflected Moscow life, which arose in the essays from the work “On the Eve”; satirical mysticism and fantasy, tested by Bulgakov in stories of the 1920s; motives of a restless conscience and knightly honor - in the novel " White Guard"; and also dramatic theme the evil fate of one persecuted artist, which was unfolded in " Theatrical novel" and "Moliere". The description of Yershalaim was prepared by a picture of life eastern city, which is mentioned in "Running". And the transfer of the narrative in time to the period of early Christianity was reminiscent of the plays “Ivan Vasilyevich” and “Bliss,” in which a journey through eras was also made.
Multi-layered work
It is worth noting first of all that this work is multi-layered, as our analysis shows. "The Master and Margarita" has several plans, including temporary ones. The author, on the one hand, describes the reality of the 1930s, contemporary to him, but on the other, Mikhail Afanasyevich goes to a different era: ancient Judea, the first two centuries of Christianity, the reign of Pontius Pilate. By comparing these two times, establishing indirect and direct analogies between them, the space of the novel is built, ideological content he is enriched by this. In addition, the work clearly depicts an adventurous and fantastic layer. This primarily includes scenes in which Koroviev, Behemoth and other representatives of the black magician’s “gang” participate.
Reflection of the characteristics of the era
Persecution, repression, fear, which literally permeated the atmosphere of the 30s, were reflected most clearly in the fate of the Master. Let us prove this using the example of one episode, analyzing it. "The Master and Margarita" contains interesting scene- a description of the protagonist’s return home after he became a victim of a denunciation carried out by Aloysius Mogarych. Having been absent from his home for three months, he comes to the windows of the basement in which the gramophone is playing. The master returned in the same coat, only with torn buttons (they were cut off during his arrest) with a reluctance to live and write.
The circumstances of the murder of Afranius Judas by mercenaries and the death of Maigel, who was killed by Azazello at Satan’s ball, also remind us of the atmosphere of the 1930s. These deaths demonstrate once again the law, which was confirmed more than once already in the times of Yezhov and Yagoda: evil itself will destroy its servants.
The role of mysticism in Bulgakov's work
Bulgakov called himself a mystical writer, but in the novel mysticism is not at all an apology for everything mysterious, which can be proven by analysis. “The Master and Margarita” is a work in which Woland’s retinue performs miracles with only one purpose: satire enters the novel through them. Woland and his henchmen make fun of human vices, punish the voluptuousness, lies, and greed of all these Likhodeevs, Sempleyarovs, Varenukhas. Bulgakov's representatives of evil act in accordance with Goethe's maxim that they are a force that does good by desiring evil.
An analysis of the work “The Master and Margarita” shows that one of the main targets is the complacency of the mind, primarily the atheistic one, which sweeps away the entire area of the mysterious and mysterious from the path. Describing all the “hoaxes”, “jokes” and “adventures” of Behemoth, Koroviev and Azazello, the writer laughs at people’s confidence that all forms of existing life can be planned and calculated, and that it is not at all difficult to arrange the happiness and prosperity of people - you just need to want .
Criticism of rationalism by Bulgakov
Bulgakov, remaining a supporter Great Evolution, shows doubt that unidirectional and uniform progress can be ensured by a “cavalry charge.” His mysticism is directed primarily against rationalism. The analysis of the work “The Master and Margarita” from this side can be carried out as follows. Bulgakov ridicules, developing a theme outlined in various stories of the 1920s, the complacency of the mind, which is convinced that, freed from superstitions, it will create an accurate blueprint of the future, the structure of relations between people and harmony in the human soul. The image of Berlioz can serve as a characteristic example here. He, having ceased to believe in God, does not even believe that chance can interfere with him, tripping him up at the most unexpected moment. But this is exactly what happens in the end. Thus, an analysis of the novel “The Master and Margarita” proves that the author opposes rationalism.
The mysticism of the historical process
But the mysticism of everyday life for a writer is only a reflection of what can be considered mysticism historical process(the unpredictability of the course of history and the results obtained, their unexpectedness). In history major events, according to Bulgakov, ripen imperceptibly. They are carried out outside the will of people, although many are convinced that they can arbitrarily dispose of everything. As a result, unfortunate Berlioz, who knew exactly what he would do in the evening at the MASSOLIT meeting, dies a few minutes later under the wheels of a tram.
Pontius Pilate - "victim of history"
Like Berlioz, he becomes another “victim of history.” Analysis of the novel "The Master and Margarita" reveals following features this person. The hero gives the impression of a powerful person to people and himself. However, Yeshua's insight amazes the procurator no less than the unusual speeches of Berlioz and Woland. The self-satisfaction of Pontius Pilate, his right to dispose of the lives of others at his own discretion, are thereby called into question. The procurator decides the fate of Yeshua. But, despite this, the latter is free, and Pilate is an unfortunate hostage of his own conscience. This two-thousand-year captivity is a punishment for imaginary and temporary power.
Love of the Master and Margarita
The novel "The Master and Margarita" is dedicated to the fate of one master - creative personality, which opposes the entire surrounding world. His story is inextricably linked with the story of Margarita. The author in the second part of his novel promises to show readers “eternal”, “faithful”, “true” love. These were the feelings of the main characters in the work. Let's analyze them. works you, we hope, remember) is a novel in which love is one of the main themes.
"True Love" by Bulgakov
What does “true love” mean from the point of view of Mikhail Afanasyevich? Analysis of the chapters (“The Master and Margarita”) shows that the meeting of the heroes was accidental, but this cannot be said about the feeling that connected them until the end of their days. The Master and Margarita recognize each other by their gaze, which reflects “deep loneliness.” This means that, even without knowing each other, the heroes experienced a great need for love, which Bulgakov notes in his novel. “The Master and Margarita,” which we are analyzing, is a work that demonstrates that the miracle that has happened (the meeting of lovers) is also the will of chance, a mysterious fate, which is in every possible way denied by supporters of rationalism.
The master says that this feeling immediately struck them both. True love invades life powerfully and transforms it. The meeting of the Master and Margarita, which we are analyzing, turned everything ordinary and everyday into something significant and bright. When the main character appeared in the Master’s basement, it was as if all the details of his meager life began to glow from within. And this can be easily noticed when conducting analysis. The love of Margarita and the Master was so bright that when the heroine left, everything faded for the writer in love.
First of all, real feelings must be selfless. Before meeting the Master, Margarita had everything a woman needs to be happy: a kind, handsome husband who adored his wife, money, a luxurious mansion. However, she was not happy with her life. Bulgakov writes that Margarita needed a Master, and not a separate garden, a Gothic mansion and money. When the heroine did not have love, she even wanted to commit suicide. At the same time, she could not harm her husband and acted honestly, deciding to leave a farewell note in which she explained everything.
Hence, true love cannot harm anyone. She will not build her happiness at the expense of the misfortune of others. This feeling is also selfless. Bulgakov's heroine is able to accept the aspirations and interests of her lover as her own. She helps the Master in everything, lives with his concerns. The hero writes a novel, which becomes the content of the girl’s entire life. She thoroughly rewrites the finished chapters, trying to keep the Master happy and calm. And in this he sees the meaning of his own life.
"True Love"
What does " true love"? Its definition can be found in the second part of the work, when the heroine is left alone, without having any news about her lover. She waits, not finding a place for herself. Margarita does not lose hope of meeting him again, she is true to her feelings. It makes absolutely no difference to her in what world this meeting will take place.
"Everlasting Love"
Love becomes “eternal” when Margarita passes the test of meeting with mysterious otherworldly forces, as the analysis of the episode (“The Master and Margarita”) shows. The girl in the scene where her encounter with otherworldly forces is described is fighting for her lover. While attending the full moon ball, the heroine returns the Master with the help of Woland. She is not afraid of death next to her lover and remains with him beyond the death line. Margarita says that she will take care of his sleep.
However, no matter how filled the girl is with anxiety for the Master and love for him, when the time comes to ask, she does it not for herself, but for Frida. She decides this way not only because of Woland, who advises those in power not to demand anything. The heroine's love for the Master is organically combined with love for people. Your own suffering makes you want to save others from it.
Love and creativity
True love is also associated with creativity. The fate of Margarita is intertwined with the fate of the Master's novel. As love deepens, romance is created. The work is therefore a labor of love. The novel is equally dear to both the Master and Margarita. And if his creator refuses to fight, the heroine causes destruction in Latunsky’s apartment. However, she rejects the offer to destroy him coming from Woland. According to Bulgakov, the first stage of truth is justice, but the highest is mercy.
Creativity and love exist among people who know neither one nor the other. Because of this, they are simply doomed to tragedy. The Master and Margarita at the end of the novel leave this society, where there is no place for high spiritual impulses. They are given death as rest and peace, as freedom from torment, grief and earthly ordeals. It can also be perceived as a reward. This reflects the pain of life, time, and the writer himself.
Peace for Mikhail Afanasyevich is the absence of remorse. The fate of Pontius Pilate will never be known to the main characters who lived a worthy, albeit difficult life.
Having survived decades of unjust oblivion, the novel “The Master and Margarita” by M. Bulgakov is addressed to us today, in our time. The main essence that is defended in the work is “true, faithful and eternal love.”
Follow me, reader! Who told you that there is no real, true, eternal love in the world?.. Follow me, my reader, and only me, and I will show you such love! M. Bulgakov In history classical literature there are many works that have become a reflection of the era. But one among them occupies a special position. This is the creation of the hands of a great master of words) and to this day remains iconic for a whole series of generations. It is absolutely clear that we will talk about M. A. Bulgakov’s novel “The Master and Margarita”. This work represents a mystical unity of everyday historical reality and bold, even outright fantasy. Most likely, it is precisely this feature that does not allow the novel to be put on a par with the works of other great classics. M. Bulgakov can safely be called a revolutionary in literature. Religious motives permeate the ideological outline of the novel with a thin thread, where social and political issues still come to the fore. However, one should not stop at considering such large-scale problems. We are now more interested in another topic. There is no doubt that in the vast majority of works, known to mankind Today, one way or another, one of the central positions is occupied by the question of the possibility of developing relations between men and women. This is a classic. But M. Bulgakov is original here too. His story is full of mysteries, but at the same time it is clear, logical and strict. The appearance of heroes, like them further fate, very spontaneously, unexpectedly. We meet the Master only in the thirteenth chapter of the novel. He enters through the balcony into the room of the poet Ivan Bezdomny. “Shaved, dark-haired, with a sharp nose, anxious eyes and with tufts of hair hanging over his forehead, a man of about thirty,” writes M. Bulgakov about the Master. A typical portrait in a rather atypical situation. It has long been known that the strongest feeling is born in time. Passion, which instantly flared up like a fire, goes out just as quickly. Examples include not only cases from life, but also literary subjects. So, let's say, in one of the brightest and famous works I. Bunina “ Sunstroke“The passion that pierced the heroes through and through, unable to find the strength to grow into something more, disappeared, leaving only pleasant memories of itself. But this development of events does not suit M. Bulgakov. He goes further: he wounds his heroes to the very heart, to the very soul. “Love jumped out in front of us, like a killer jumps out of the ground in an alley, it struck us both at once...” says the Master about the fatal meeting with Margarita. They don't need time, they don't need proof and stupid compliments. Everything is clear without words. It’s as if consciousness has programmed for love, desperate, devoted, free love. The unexpected acquaintance of the heroes can quite surprise the reader: their eyes met, and everything else became just a formality. “She came to me every day, but I started waiting for her in the morning,” says the Master. Amazing devotion, if not for a small correction: “...she lived with another person...and I was there then...with this one...” How can this be? On the one hand, sincere love, on the other – daring betrayal. However, in this story, justifying or condemning the heroes is an absolutely unnecessary exercise, because none of us knows whether it was possible to act differently in such a situation...
The action develops rapidly. Without exaggeration, we can say that the key role in the relationship between the characters was played by the Master’s novel about Pontius Pilate, which determined and even controlled everything further events. Everything that happened to the heroes was entirely under the control of the fatal manuscript. The sacrifice of the relationship between the Master and Margarita is visible throughout the entire work. IN to the greatest extent this, of course, is reflected in the heroine’s actions. And again we can observe the authors’ favorite image of a Russian woman, living for love and loving for the sake of life, ready for hardship and torment in the name of her lover and a bright future together with him. The meeting of Margarita and Azazello in this context of the work turned out to be obvious and absolutely logical. “I was sent to invite you to visit this evening. – Why are you raving, what kind of guests? “To a very noble foreigner,” the red-haired man said significantly, narrowing his eye. Margarita was very angry... - You bastard! - she responded, turning around, and immediately heard the red-haired voice behind her: - The darkness that came from Mediterranean Sea, covered the city hated by the procurator. The hanging bridges connecting the temple with the terrible Anthony Tower have disappeared... Yershalaim, the great city, has disappeared...". The risk was great. The Satan's Cream and Ball scam is brilliant. But, on the other hand, Margarita’s life without the Master no longer had any meaning, and therefore there was nothing to lose. There remains an alternative: to suffer for the rest of your days, torment your soul with thoughts about him and live out the minutes in cowardly anticipation of a meeting, or to smear your body with cream, and then, waiting for the phone to ring, saddle up with a brush and fly over the streets of Moscow. For Margarita, the choice became obvious. It’s probably not for nothing that they say that only crazy people are capable of real feeling. “I know what I'm getting into. But I’ll do anything for him, because I won’t do anything in the world. more hope I have no. But I want to tell you that if you destroy me, you will be ashamed! Yes, it's a shame! I am dying because of love!” The heroine had to endure suffering and hellish torment. And now everything is behind us, the iron robe, the deceased guests, and Frida. The meeting of the Master and Margarita was the logical ending to this solemn night: “Margarita immediately recognized him, moaned, clasped her hands and ran up to him. She kissed him on the forehead, on the lips, pressing against his prickly cheek, and long-held tears now ran in streams down her cheek...” And ahead there was only peace and tranquility, harmony and quiet joys. I wonder what would have happened if the heroes had not met then? Maybe this story would have developed differently? Although, who knows...
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- M. Bulgakov’s novel “The Master and Margarita” can be called a bright and optimistic novel, despite all the suffering that the characters had to endure. Of course, the main character in this work is love as the main exponent of the forces of Good on earth. The bearers of this feeling in the novel Read More ......
- Having read the novel, as they say, in one breath, you are left alone with the questions: is there any philosophical, moral meaning? What is the starting point of the time coordinates in which the characters in Bulgakov’s work exist? Points such as Read More......
- Margarita - she plays a very important role in the novel. This is a beautiful Muscovite, the Master’s beloved. With the help of Margarita, Bulgakov showed us perfect image wife of a genius. When I met the Master, I was married, but I didn’t love my husband and was completely unhappy. Then I realized that Read More......
One of greatest novels XX century - “The Master and Margarita”. There are several in this work storylines. The main one is the love story of the Master and Margarita. Does Bulgakov's heroine have a prototype? Why did the author give this name to the Master’s beloved?
Margarita prototypes
Regarding the history of the creation of the image main character researchers don't have consensus. However, Bulgakov’s novel is one of the most controversial works in the entire history of literature. The writer created his heroine based on literary sources. But in this image one can also see the features of real women.
In an early edition, Bulgakov called the hero Faust. Main female character in Goethe's work the name was Gretchen (Margarita). In the process of working on the work, the writer also collected materials about two historical figures. Namely about Margarita de Valois and Margaret of Navarre.
In the spring of 1930, Bulgakov met a wealthy married lady. The first meeting with her took place on 1st Meshchanskaya Street. This woman's name was Margarita Smirnova. Perhaps meeting her partly inspired the writer to create a tragic female image.
Elena Sergeevna
And yet the main prototype of the heroine famous novel is, perhaps, Bulgakov's third wife. It was thanks to the prose writer’s faithful companion that the work was published. The novel was not finished. Bulgakov lost his sight at the end of his life, and last chapters his wife took his dictation.
One day happened interesting case. Elena Sergeevna called the editorial office of Novy Mir and arranged a meeting with Tvardovsky. She appeared in the editor’s office a few minutes after the call. When asked what kind of transport she used, the woman calmly answered: “A broom.”
Elena Sergeevna had it and external resemblance with Margarita. She, like the heroine of the novel, was slightly squinted in one eye. Anna Akhmatova knew Bulgakov’s wife, and once dedicated a poem to her, which included the words “witch”, “on the eve of the new moon.”
“I will poison Latunsky!”
The version that the main prototype of Margarita is Elena Sergeevna Bulgakova is supported, of course, not only by external resemblance, but also by amazing devotion. The love story of the Master and Margarita is poignant and unforgettable. There really is something witchy in the feelings that the heroine experiences for her lover. Suffice it to recall the story that happened in Latunsky’s apartment.
Of course, the author of the novel himself was attacked by critics. His wife once, having read an article about “Bulgakovism,” shouted out in her hearts: “I will poison Litovsky!” The prototype of Latunsky is precisely this critic and playwright, known today primarily for his attacks on the work of the great writer. In 1926, he published a derogatory article about the work “Days of the Turbins,” in which he first used the term “Bulgakovism.” In the chapters of the novel telling about the love story of the Master and Margarita, the reader encounters a word created by Latunsky: “pilatchina”.
Unlike Goethe, Bulgakov forces not the main character, but his beloved to contact the devil. It was Margarita who made the dangerous deal. To meet her beloved, she was ready to risk anything. And this became the climax in the love story of the Master and Margarita in Bulgakov’s novel.
Creation of a work
Work on the book began in the late twenties. Initially it was called “A Novel about the Devil.” At that moment in the novel there were not even the names of the Master and Margarita. In 1930, the novel was burned by the author himself. There were only a few drafts left, in which there were many torn sheets.
Two years later, the writer decided to return to his main work. Initially, Margarita enters the novel, and then the Master. Five years later, the well-known title “The Master and Margarita” appears. In 1937, Mikhail Bulgakov rewrote the novel from scratch. This took about half a year. Later, the writer had new ideas, but there were no more corrections.
Dating
How did the love story of the Master and Margarita begin? The meeting of two lovers was quite unusual. Walking down the street, Margarita carried alarming yellow flowers in her hands. The master was struck not by Margarita’s beauty, but by the endless loneliness in her eyes. She was as unhappy as he was. This extraordinary meeting marked the beginning of the extraordinary love story of the Master and Margarita. When analyzing Bulgakov's work, attention should be paid to some facts from the writer's biography. He suffered from constant bullying and attacks, and transferred his feelings to the pages of the novel.
Let us return to the event from which the love story in the novel “The Master and Margarita” began. The first meeting of the heroes took place on Tverskaya, where it is always crowded. But that day, for some reason, the central Moscow street was empty. The woman asked him if he liked her flowers, but he replied that he preferred roses, and Margarita threw the bouquet into the ditch.
Later, the Master will tell Ivan that love broke out between them suddenly, comparing the deep feeling with a “killer in an alley.” Love was indeed unexpected and was not intended for a happy ending, because the woman was married. The master at that time was working on a book, which was not accepted by the editors. And it was important for him to find a person who could understand his creativity, feel his soul. It was Margarita who became that person, sharing all his feelings with the Master.
Margarita left the house that day with yellow flowers to find your love. Otherwise she would have been poisoned. A life without love is joyless and empty. But the story of the Master and Margarita does not end there.
Novel about Pilate
After meeting her lover, Margarita’s eyes sparkle, the fire of passion and love burns in them. The master is next to her. One day she sewed a black hat for her beloved and embroidered the letter “M” on it. From that moment on, she began to call him Master, urging him on, predicting greater glory for him. Re-reading the novel, she repeated the phrases that had sunk into her soul and concluded that her life was in that novel. But there was life in him, of course, not only hers, but also the Master’s.
The end of happiness
Schoolchildren write the essay “The Love Story of the Master and Margarita” more often than any other based on Bulgakov’s work. Disclosure of this topic does not require deep knowledge of mythology and the history of Christianity. It would seem that what could be simpler? And yet, it is not easy to briefly describe and analyze the love story of the Master and Margarita.
Critics rejected the novel about Pilate. With this, the happy period in the life of Bulgakov’s heroes ended. And the point is not that the work was not published, and its author did not receive a fee. Criticism killed everything alive in the Master. He no longer has the strength to live or write. He was deprived of the ability to experience simple human joys. He forgot a lot from his previous life. But the image of Margarita will never leave his memory. With this the writer probably wanted to say: stronger than love there is nothing, nothing can destroy it.
One day the Master throws the manuscript into the fire, but his beloved snatches what is left from the oven. Margarita seems to be trying to preserve their feelings. But the Master disappears. Margarita is alone again.
The appearance of the devil
One day Margarita saw a dream that gave her hope. She felt that her meeting with the Master would soon take place. On this day, in the Alexander Garden, she met Azazell. It was he who hinted to her that a meeting with the Master was possible. But she had to turn into a witch. Life without a Master was a real torment for her, and therefore she made a deal with the devil without hesitation.
Death
However, the long-awaited date did not bring joy to Margarita. The master is sick, he cannot and does not want to be happy. And then she proves to Woland that her beloved deserves to be cured. She asks to save the Master, to make him the same. Woland fulfills Margarita's request. They return to their basement, where they begin to dream about the future. By the way, the Master’s manuscripts actually survived. Margarita sees them in Woland’s hands, but over the past night she has forgotten how to be surprised. “Manuscripts don’t burn,” says the devil, a phrase that has become key in the novel.
Nothing can make the Master and Margarita happy. In a world of hypocrisy and lies, they will always suffer. And therefore Woland sends Azazel to them. The lovers drink the wine brought to them and die. They didn't deserve the light. But they deserve peace. The Master and Margarita fly away with Woland to another world.
An extraordinary love story makes Bulgakov's novel one of the most popular works world literature. As already mentioned, the book has several storylines. However, the story of the Master and Margarita, in contrast to the description of the events that occurred before and after the execution of Yeshua, is understandable to everyone, regardless of age and literary preferences.