Life goals of the box. The image of the landowner Korobochka in the poem by N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls"

Lesson summary based on N.V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls.”

(9th grade)

Subject: “My heroes follow one after another...” Images of Korobochka and Nozdryov.

Target: analyze the images of Korobochka and Nozdryov.

Tasks:

identify techniques for describing the characters of landowners, the internal logic of creating images;

teach the ability to determine the principles of typification of social phenomena;

involve students in research work.

Lesson structure:

1 . Organizational stage.

2. Checking homework.

3. Announcement of the topicand lesson objectives.

4. Repetition of what has been covered.

5. Work in notebooks.

6. Summing up the lesson.

7. Homework.

During the classes

1. Organizational stage.

1. Preparing students for work in the classroom.

2. Mutual greeting between teacher and students.

3. Visual control of readiness for the lesson.

2. Checking homework.

3. Announcement of the topic and lesson objectives.

The topic of our lesson: “Images of Korobochka and Nozdryov.” We continue to work on the analysis of literary images, we will try to understand the satirical position of the author, which permeates the entire work.

4. Repetition of what has been covered. (Chapter II, Manilov)

In the last lesson, we met the first landowner whom Chichikov visited - Manilov. We agreed that we would characterize landowners according to a certain plan:

a) description of appearance (portrait);

b) the character of the landowner;

V)features of behavior and speech;

G)relationships with others;

d)description of the estate;

e) the outcome of the transaction.

Do not forget that Gogol, depicting the life of contemporary Russia, goes through a careful study of little things, shows them close-up, hyperbolizes, because he sees in them an expression of the essence surrounding reality. This is the so-called artistic detail.

5. Work in notebooks.

Analysis literary image. Box.

In the chapter telling about Korobochka, we will see a different type of character, which, at first glance, differs from the character of Manilov; after all, following our plan, we will not be able to immediately find character traits in the text, artistic details, which would confirm the obvious satirical orientation.

But this is the peculiarity of a talented work: with the help artistic research we learn to be smart readers. So, let's turn to our tables.

( “The landlady, an elderly woman, came in, in some kind of sleeping cap, put on hastily, with a flannel around her neck, one of those mothers, small landowners who cry about crop failures, losses and keep their heads somewhat to one side, and meanwhile they gradually gain a little money in motley bags” (the portrait merges with the character). “She was dressed better than yesterday - in a dark dress and no longer in a sleeping cap, but there was still something tied around her neck.” The unexpected guest took Nastasya Petrovna by surprise; in the morning she appeared in a more decent form. The flannel around her neck speaks of her age, her secluded home lifestyle in the wilderness.)

b) the character of the landowner.( Gogol does not hide the irony regarding her thinking abilities: she thought, opened her mouth, looked almost with fear. “Well, the woman seems to be strong-minded!” He may be a respectable man, even a statesman, but in reality it turns out perfect box . Once you have hacked something into your head, nothing can overpower it; No matter how much you present him with arguments, clear as day, everything bounces off him, like a rubber ball bounces off a wall. The essence of Korobochka's character is especially visible through the dialogical speech of the characters. The dialogue between Korobochka and Chichikov is a masterpiece of comedic art. This conversation can be called a dialogue of the deaf.)

V)(Korobochka is “one of those mothers, small landowners who cry over crop failures and losses” (this is how she is characterized), and this is perfectly reflected in her speech. “Yes, the trouble is, times are bad, so last year there was such a bad harvest that God forbid.” “What a pity, really, that I sold honey to merchants so cheaply.”

Korobochka’s speech reflects her stupidity and ignorance, fear of the new, unusual, fear of the offer to sell dead souls: “Really, I don’t know, because I’ve never sold the dead;.” “It has never happened before that they sold me dead people”; “Really, I'm afraid. At first, so as not to incur a loss somehow.

Sometimes Korobochka’s speech reveals the extreme primitiveness of her thoughts, reaching the point of some kind of childish naivety. “Do you really want to dig them out of the ground?” - she asks Chichikov about the dead. Or in another place: “Or maybe they’ll be needed on the farm just in case.” In Korobochka’s speech there are many colloquial words and expressions: greasy, theirs, vit, small fry, something, manenko, maybe, with what you’ll sip some tea; I don’t understand; apply to prices; I won’t tidy everything up, what should I do, etc. It is known what a magical effect the word “nobleman” had on Korobochka, which forced her to open the gate even at a late hour and let Chichikov, who had lost his way, come to her place for the night.)

G)relationships with others. (Korobochka, an Old Testament landowner-serf, living in the “decent wilderness,” preserves the elementary principles of landowner hospitality and displays in the scene with Chichikov the traits of cordiality necessary for her environment. Hence her address to Chichikov: “my father,” “father.” She kindly turns to Chichikov with suggestions: “Would you like, father, to have some tea?” “Sit here, father, on this sofa.” “Do you need anything to rub your back with?” “Isn’t there anything else you need?” At night she wishes the guest “good night”, and in the morning she kindly greets: “Hello, father. How did you rest?” Korobochka knows all her peasants who have died since the last revision tale; knows who was which master, and laments that the people all died as craftsmen.)

d)description of the estate.( The room was hung with old striped wallpaper; paintings with some birds; between the windows there are old small mirrors with dark frames in the shape of curled leaves; Behind every mirror there was either a letter, or an old deck of cards, or a stocking. In the morning...now I noticed that not all of the paintings were birds: between them hung a portrait of Kutuzov and a painted oil paints some old man with red cuffs on his uniform, as they were sewn on under Pavel Petrovich. The narrow courtyard was filled with birds and all kinds of domestic creatures. There were countless turkeys and chickens. The chicken coop was blocked by a plank fence, behind which stretched spacious vegetable gardens with cabbage, onions, potatoes, light vegetables and other household vegetables. Apple trees and other fruit trees were scattered here and there throughout the garden. The village is a source of honey, lard, and hemp, which Korobochka sells. She also trades with peasants. )

e) the outcome of the transaction.( Stupidly, unshakably, with conviction, Korobochka does her job - she sells, eats, sleeps, saves, saves, saves... It is characteristic that trade itself “ dead souls” she was not embarrassed: she is ready to trade in dead bodies, but she is afraid of selling herself short. She is characterized by tedious slowness and caution. She went to the city to find out how much they were selling “ dead souls”. It turns out that landlordism can have the same inhuman meaning as mismanagement. )

Analysis of the literary image. Nozdrev.

Gallery of the Dead the shower continues in Nozdryov's poem.

a) description of appearance (portrait).( Like other landowners, he is internally empty, age does not concern him: “Nozdryov at thirty-five years old was exactly the same as he was at eighteen and twenty: a lover of a walk.” Of average height, a very well-built fellow with full rosy cheeks, teeth as white as snow and jet-black sideburns. It was fresh, like blood and milk; his health seemed to be dripping from his face. Chichikov notices that one of Nozdryov’s sideburns was smaller and not as thick as the other (the result of another fight).

b) the character of the landowner.( Nozdryov is a rubbish man, Nozdryov can lie, add, spread God knows what, some other gossip will come out. Passion for lies and card game largely explains the fact that not a single meeting where Nozdryov was present was complete without “history.”)

V)features of behavior and speech.( Almost all of his speech is empty chatter, complete lies. “I alone drank seventeen bottles of champagne during dinner.” “In this field of Russians there is such death that the land is not visible; I caught one by the hind legs with my own hands.” There are “echoes” of “army” language in the speech of Nozdryov, who moves among carousing officers: “how they caroused”; “Bordeaux is simply called Burdashka”; “you will be cruelly taken aback”; "in the mouth.. . It’s as if the squadron spent the night.” Nozdryov’s speech is characterized by following features: sharp transitions from one feeling to another, for example, he says to Chichikov: “You’re a pig for this, such a cattle breeder! Kiss me, soul, death I love you." Fragmentary, unfinished sentences, showing that his words cannot keep up with his flying thoughts.)

G)relationships with others.( Everyone has encountered many such people. They are called broken fellows, they are reputed even in childhood and at school for being good comrades, and for all that they can be beaten very painfully. They soon get to know each other, and before you know it, they’re already saying “you.” They will make friends, it seems, forever: but it almost always happens that the person who has become friends will fight with them that same evening at a friendly party. They are always talkers, carousers, reckless people, prominent people. Marriage didn't change him at all, especially since the wife soon went to the next world, leaving behind two children who he absolutely did not need. A pretty nanny looked after the children. He's at home more than a day I couldn't sit still. The closer someone got with him, the more likely he was to annoy everyone: he spread a tall tale, the stupidest of which is difficult to invent, upset a wedding, a trade deal, and did not at all consider himself your enemy; on the contrary, if chance brought him to meet you again, he would treat you again in a friendly manner and even say: “You’re such a scoundrel, you’ll never come to see me.”)

d)description of the estate. ( There were wooden trestles in the middle of the dining room, and two men, standing on them, whitewashed the walls, singing some kind of endless song; the floor was all splashed with whitewash. The village of Nozdryov - in a little over two hours he showed absolutely everything, so there was nothing left to show. First of all, they went to inspect the stable, where they saw two mares, one dappled gray, the other brown, then a bay stallion, unsightly in appearance, but for which Nozdryov swore that he had paid ten thousand. Empty stalls where they were before too good horses. A goat was seen in the same stable. A wolf cub, on a leash, whom Nozdryov feeds raw meat so that he would be a perfect beast. A pond in which, according to Nozdryov, there was a fish of such size that two people could hardly pull it out. There are all sorts of dogs in the yard, both thick-dog and pure-dog, of all possible colors and stripes. The field, which in many places consisted of hummocks. An office, in which, however, there were no visible traces of what happens in offices, that is, books or paper; There were only sabers and two guns hanging - one worth three hundred and the other worth eight hundred rubles. Turkish daggers. Even lunch consists of dishes that are burnt or, on the contrary, not cooked. ) Chichikov left with nothing. But not because he was outraged by the illegality of the deal proposed by Chichikov. He is simply unable to think about it, unable to get out beyond his usual concepts . This expressively sets off the reception mechanical repetition of remarks: “buy a stallion from me”; “Well, then buy some dogs”; “Then buy a barrel organ,” etc. Himself the passion with which he offers For Chichikov, all sorts of ways to obtain “dead souls,” from selling a chaise to playing checkers, eloquently convinces not only of Nozdryov’s spiritual worthlessness and cynicism, but also of his complete indifference to the fate of his peasants, whether dead or alive, it doesn’t matter. )

6. Summing up the lesson.

Inner world Nastasya Petrovna's boxes are empty and small. The callousness of this landowner is reflected in her pettiness. The only thing that worries Korobochka is the price of hemp and honey. All she can remember about her late husband is that he loved to have a girl scratch his heels. This especially manifests her isolation from people, complete indifference

The third landowner from whom Chichikov is trying to buy dead souls is Nozdryov. This is a dashing 35-year-old “talker, carouser, reckless driver.” Nozdryov lies continuously and bullies everyone indiscriminately. He is very passionate, ready to “take a shit” to the best friend without any purpose. Nozdryov’s entire behavior is explained by his dominant quality: “nimbleness and liveliness of character.” This landowner does not think or plan anything, he simply does not know the limits in anything.

7. Homework

Prepare a profile of Sobakevich and Plyushkin.

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol created his work “Dead Souls” in 1842. In it he depicted whole line Russian landowners, created their grotesque and vivid images. One of the most interesting representatives of this class described in the poem is Korobochka. The characteristics of this heroine will be discussed in this article.

Characteristics plan

The plan according to which the analysis of the landowners - the characters of the work "Dead Souls" is carried out, includes one way or another the following points:

• the first impression the hero makes;
• characteristic features of this character;
• speech and behavior;
• the hero’s attitude towards the household;
• attitude towards other people;
• goals in life;
• conclusions.

Let's try to analyze according to this plan the image of such a heroine as Korobochka ("Dead Souls"). Our characterization will begin with the first impression that the heroine made on Chichikov. The third chapter of the work is devoted to creating the image of Korobochka.

Chichikov's first impression

Korobochka Nastasya Petrovna is a landowner who is the widow of a very thrifty and thrifty woman, already elderly.

Her village is small, but everything in it is in good order, the economy is thriving and brings in a good income. Korobochka compares favorably with Manilov: she knows the names of all the peasants who belong to her (quote from the text: “...knew almost all of them by heart”), speaks of them as diligent workers, and takes care of the farm on her own.

The behavior of this landowner, the address “father” to the guest, the desire to serve him (since Chichikov introduced himself as a nobleman), to provide the best possible accommodation for the night, to treat him - these are all features characteristic of the landowner class in the provinces. The portrait of Korobochka is not as detailed as the portraits of the other landowners. It seemed to be drawn out: first Chichikov heard the voice of the old maid (“a hoarse woman”), then another woman appeared, younger, but very similar to her, and finally, when he was shown into the house and he had already looked around, she came in herself Lady Korobochka (“Dead Souls”).

The portrait characteristics of the heroine are as follows. The author describes her as an elderly woman, wearing a “sleeping cap, put on hastily, with a flannel around her neck.” Quote characteristic Boxes ("Dead Souls") can be continued. Nikolai Vasilyevich emphasizes Korobochka’s old age in the image of the landowner; in the text further Chichikov calls her directly to himself - an old woman. This housewife especially does not change in the morning. Only her sleeping cap disappears from her image.

The box is exactly like that, so main character immediately discards the ceremony and gets down to business.

Attitude to the economy

We further describe such a character as Korobochka (“Dead Souls”). The characterization according to plan continues with the attitude of this heroine to the household. In understanding the image of this landowner, a large role is played by the description of the decoration of the rooms in the house, as well as the estate as a whole, which is distinguished by contentment and strength.

It is clear in everything that this woman is a good housewife. The windows of the room overlook the courtyard, which is filled with numerous birds and various “domestic creatures.” Further on you can see vegetable gardens, fruit trees, covered with nets from birds, there are also stuffed animals on poles, on one of which there is “the cap of the mistress herself.”

The wealth of their inhabitants is shown by peasant huts. This is also noted by Gogol (“Dead Souls”). The characterization (Box is an image also conveyed by external details) includes a description of not only the character himself, but also the environment associated with him. This must be remembered when conducting analysis. The economy of this landowner is clearly thriving, bringing her considerable profit. And the village itself is not small, it consists of eighty souls.

Characteristics

We continue to describe such a character as Korobochka (“Dead Souls”). The characteristics according to the plan are supplemented with the following details. Gogol includes this landowner among the small owners who complain about losses and crop failures and “hold their heads somewhat to one side,” and meanwhile collect a little money into “motley bags placed in the drawers of the chest of drawers.”

Manilov and Korobochka are antipodes in some way: the vulgarity of the first is hidden behind discussions about the Motherland, lofty phrases about its good, and Korobochka’s spiritual poverty appears in a natural, undisguised form. She doesn’t even pretend to be cultured: the whole appearance of the heroine emphasizes, first of all, the unpretentious simplicity that Korobochka has. The characterization of the hero “Dead Souls” also shows that this simplicity is found in Nastasya Petrovna in her relationships with people.

In the author's summary, it is noted that their decoration was ancient - striped old wallpaper, paintings depicting birds, small antique mirrors between the windows, framed in the form of leaves. Behind each of the mirrors was either a letter, a stocking, or an old deck of cards. The wall is decorated with a clock with flowers painted on the dial. Here are the items that are shown during Chichikov's short visit. They indicate that the people living in the rooms are more likely to look to the past than to the present.

Behavior

In the conversation about the acquisition of “dead” souls, the character and essence of Korobochka is fully revealed. At first, this woman cannot understand what the main character wants from her. When she finally understands what could be beneficial for her, bewilderment turns into a desire to get the greatest benefit from this transaction: because if someone needs the dead, therefore, they are the subject of bargaining, since they are worth something.

Attitude towards people

Dead souls become for Korobochka on a par with lard, flour, honey and hemp. She has already had to sell everything else (quite profitably, as we know), but this business seems unknown and new to her. This is where the desire not to sell things short comes into play. Gogol writes that she “began to be very afraid that this buyer would somehow cheat her.” The landowner infuriates Chichikov with her obstinacy, who was already counting on getting easy consent.

Here an epithet appears that expresses the essence of not only Korobochka, but also a whole landowner like this - “club-headed”.

Nikolai Vasilyevich explains that neither social position nor rank are the cause of this property. The phenomenon of "club-headedness" is very common. Its representative may even be a state-owned, respectable person who turns out to be a “perfect Korobochka.” The author explains that the essence of this trait is that if a person has taken something into his head, there is no way to overpower him, regardless of the number of arguments, clear as day, everything bounces off him, just like a rubber ball flies off a wall .

Purpose in life

The main goal of life pursued by Korobochka (“Dead Souls”), the characteristics of which are presented in this article, is the consolidation of personal wealth, non-stop accumulation. The thriftiness inherent in Korobochka reveals at the same time her inner insignificance. Apart from the desire to benefit and acquire something, she has no other feelings. The image of this hoarder is devoid of some of the “attractive” features characteristic of Manilov. Her interests are completely focused on farming.

conclusions

At the end of the chapter about Korobochka, Gogol says that her image is typical; there is no significant difference between her and some representatives of the aristocracy. The author devotes great attention Chichikov’s behavior, emphasizing that he behaves more casually and simply with this landowner than with Manilov.

This phenomenon is typical for Russian reality, Nikolai Vasilyevich proves how Prometheus turned into a fly. This is Korobochka (“Dead Souls”), which we characterized. It can be presented more clearly. To better understand the information, we suggest you familiarize yourself with the table that characterizes such a landowner as Korobochka (“Dead Souls”).

Characteristics (table) Boxes

The landowner Korobochka ("Dead Souls") was introduced to you. The characterization with quotes from this heroine can be supplemented. seem to be very interesting excerpts dedicated to the decoration of rooms, housekeeping, and the agreement with Chichikov. You can extract quotes you like from the text and add them to them. this characteristic. We only succinctly described such a heroine as Korobochka (“Dead Souls”). The characterization was briefly presented in order to make the reader want to continue it independently.

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The image of the landowner Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka successfully complements the collage characteristic types landowners. It cannot be said that she is endowed negative qualities, but one cannot classify her as a pleasant person.

Despite the complexity of her personality, compared to all the other landowners, she looks like one of the most attractive in terms of housekeeping and attitude towards serfs.

Personality characteristics

We don’t know what Korobochka was like in her youth; in the story, Gogol limits himself to an episodic description of her character at a certain point in time, bypassing the entire process of his formation.

Dear readers! On our website you can read about the poem “Dead Souls” described in Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol’s poem.

The box is noticeably distinguished by thriftiness and a penchant for order. Everything on her estate is in good working order - however, the things used both in everyday life and in the interior of the landowner are not new, but this does not bother the old woman. With particular pleasure, she complains about everything in the world - bad harvests, lack of money, although, in fact, everything is not so dire: “one of those mothers, small landowners who cry about crop failures, losses and keep their heads somewhat to one side, and between Then they gradually collect a little money into colorful bags placed on the drawers of the chests of drawers.”

Nastasya Petrovna is not distinguished by her extraordinary intelligence - the aristocrats around her consider her a stupid old woman. This is true - Korobochka is truly a stupid and uneducated woman. The landowner is distrustful of everything new - first of all, she strives to see some kind of catch in people's actions - in this way she “saves” herself from troubles in the future.

Korobochka is distinguished by her particular stubbornness; she belongs to those people who “once you get something into your head, you can’t overpower it with anything; No matter how much you present him with arguments, clear as day, everything bounces off him, like a rubber ball bounces off a wall.”

Nastasya Petrovna is a contradictory nature - on the one hand, she is attached to religion (she believes in the existence of God and the devil, prays and is baptized), but at the same time she does not neglect fortune telling and using cards, which is not encouraged by religion.

Family

It is difficult to say anything about the Korobochka family - Gogol provides too little information on this matter. It is reliably known that Nastasya Petrovna was married, but her husband died and at the time of the story she is a widow. It is likely that she has children, most likely due to the age of the landowner and Chichikov’s lack of memories of the presence of children in the house; they are already adults and live separately. Their names, ages and genders are not specified in the text. The only mention of them is found together with a mention of Korobochka’s sister, who lives in Moscow: “my sister brought warm boots for children from there: such a durable product, they are still worn.”

Korobochki Estate

The Korobochka estate and house - oddly enough, among all the landowners' houses it looks one of the most attractive. It should be clarified that such an assessment does not concern the aesthetic appearance, but the condition of the estate. The village of Korobochki is noticeably distinguished by its well-kept houses and buildings: dilapidated elements of peasant houses have been replaced with new ones, the gates to the estate have also been repaired. The houses and buildings do not look as massive as those of Sobakevich, but they also do not represent any particular aesthetic value. Korobochka owns about 80 serfs.

This number is noticeably inferior to the rich landowners of the county, such as Plyushkina, but this does not significantly affect the income of the estate. Chichikov was pleasantly surprised by the state of the village: “You, mother, have a good village.”

Korobochka's household also pleasantly surprises with its diversity and well-groomed nature. The box successfully sells vegetables and fruits. She has “gardens with cabbage, onions, potatoes, beets and other household vegetables. Apple trees and other fruit trees were scattered here and there throughout the garden.”

You can also observe the variety of cereals grown. In addition, Korobochka is confidently engaged in livestock farming - she also has various birds (“Turkeys and chickens were countless; a rooster walked among them” and pigs. Korobochka is engaged in beekeeping and grows hemp for sale for the production of ropes and ropes.

Korobochka House

Korobochka's house is not pompous or elegant. The house is guarded by a pack of dogs that react violently to all strangers, for example, when Chichikov arrived, the dogs “began to burst into all sorts of voices.” It is small in size, its windows overlook the courtyard, so it is impossible to admire the view from the window. The roof of the house is wooden. Chichikov, who came to Korobochka in the rain, noted that the raindrops were loudly knocking on his roof. A barrel was placed near the drain to collect rainwater.

Since Chichikov arrived at the Korobochka estate in the evening, and also in bad weather, it was impossible to find out about the nuances of the appearance of the landowner’s house.

On our website you can read Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls”.

The inside of the house was not attractive. The wallpaper there was old, as was all the furniture. There were paintings hanging on the walls - “not all of the paintings were birds: between them hung a portrait of Kutuzov and an oil painting of an old man with red cuffs on his uniform, as they were sewn on under Pavel Petrovich.” The furnishings were complemented by mirrors, “with dark frames in the form of curled leaves,” behind which were placed all sorts of necessary little things in the form of a letter or a stocking. The watch made a particular impression - it was also not particularly new, and the sounds it made were similar to the hissing of snakes. The clock struck no less unpleasantly: “as if someone were beating a broken pot with a stick.”

Attitude towards peasants

The number of Korobochka serfs is not so large - approximately 80 people. The landowner knows them all by name. Korobochka is always actively involved in the affairs of her estate and takes a direct part in all work. It is impossible to find descriptions of the attitude towards the peasants in the text, but the way the landowner describes her dead souls suggests that Korobochka is no different bad attitude to the serfs.

We meet Korobochka in the 3rd chapter of Gogol’s novel-poem “Dead Souls”. She is the second person Chichikov pays a visit to. In fact, Chichikov stopped by her estate by accident - the coachman got drunk, “played around,” as the author himself characterizes this event, and lost his way. Therefore, instead of Sobakevich, the main character meets the landowner Korobochka.

Let's look at the image of the Box in detail

She is a woman of respectable years, a widow, and a former “college secretary.” She lives alone on her estate and is completely absorbed in running the household. Most likely, she does not have her own children, since Gogol, in his description of the character, mentions that all her “trash” accumulated during her life will go to some great-niece.

It looks old-fashioned and a little ridiculous, “wearing a cap,” “flannel,” “something tied around the neck.”

Korobochka, unlike Manilov, successfully runs the farm herself. Through the eyes of Chichikov we see that the houses in her village are strong, the serf men are “hefty” (strong), there are many guard dogs, which indicates that this is a “decent village”. The yard is full of poultry, and behind the fence there are vegetable gardens - cabbage, beets, onions, potatoes. There are also fruit trees, carefully covered with nets from voracious magpies and sparrows. Stuffed animals were also installed for the same purpose. Gogol ironically notes that one of the stuffed animals was wearing the cap of the owner herself.

The peasants' houses were maintained and updated - Chichikov saw new planks on the roofs, gates stood straight everywhere, and there were carts in some courtyards. That is, the owner's care is visible everywhere. In total, Korobochka has 80 serfs, 18 died, which the owner greatly laments - they were good workers.

Korobochka does not allow the serfs to be lazy - Chichikov’s feather bed was expertly fluffed, in the morning, when he returns to the living room where he spent the night, everything is already tidied up; the table is full of baked goods.

The fact that the landowner has order all around and everything is under her personal control, we see from the dialogue about buying dead soul - she remembers all the dead peasants by first and last name, she doesn’t even keep any records.

Despite the fact that Korobochka loves to complain about how bad things are, her estate also had surpluses that were sold to merchants and resellers. From the dialogue with Chichikov, we learn that the landowner sells honey, hemp, feathers, meat, flour, cereals, and lard. She knows how to bargain, sells a pound of honey at a very high price, as much as 12 rubles, which Chichikov is very surprised by.

Nastasya Petrovna is thrifty and even a little stingy. Despite the fact that things are going well at the estate, the furnishings in the house are very modest, the wallpaper is old, the clock is creaky. Despite polite treatment and hospitality, Korobochka did not offer the guest dinner, citing the late hour. And in the morning he offers Chichikov only tea, albeit with fruit infusion. Only after feeling the benefit - when Chichikov promised to buy from her " household products“- Korobochka decided to appease him and ordered him to bake a pie and pancakes. She also set the table with various pastries.

Gogol writes that her “dress will not burn and will not fray on its own.” Complaining about poverty and crop failures, she nevertheless puts money in “motley bags”, which she stuffs into dresser drawers. All coins are carefully sorted - “rules, fifty rubles, devils” are laid out separately in bags. The old landowner tries to find benefit in everything - noticing Chichikov’s stamped paper, she asks him to “give him a piece of paper.”

The box is pious and superstitious. During a thunderstorm, he puts a candle in front of the icon and prays; gets scared when Chichikov mentions the devil in conversation.

She is not very smart and a little suspicious, she is very afraid of making a mistake and selling herself short. She doubts the deal with Chichikov and does not want to sell him dead souls, even though she has to pay for them as if they were alive. Naively thinks that other merchants can come and offer more favorable price. This deal completely exhausted Chichikov, and during the negotiations he calls Korobochka mentally and out loud “strong-headed”, “club-headed”, “mongrel in the manger” and “damned old woman”.

The image of Korobochka is interesting because it is a fairly common type in Russia during the time of Gogol. Its main features—stubbornness, stupidity, and narrow-mindedness—were inherent in real personalities– some officials and civil servants. The author writes about such people that you seem to see a venerable and statesman, but in reality it turns out to be a “perfect Box”. Arguments and arguments bounce off them like a rubber ball.

The description of the landowner ends with a reflection on the topic: is it possible to believe that Korobochka stands at the very bottom of the “ladder of human improvement”? Gogol compares her to an aristocratic sister living in a rich and elegant house, who reads books, attends social events, and her thoughts are occupied by “fashionable Catholicism” and political upheavals in France, and not by economic affairs. The author does not give a specific answer to this question; the reader must answer it himself.

Let us summarize the main characteristics of the image of the Box

Economic

Has business acumen

Practical

Lean

Petty

Hypocritical

Suspicious

Limited

Only cares about his own benefit

Obsessed with hoarding

Religious, but without real spirituality

Superstitious

The symbolism of the landowner's surname

Symbolism is important artistic instrument in the hands of the writer. In Gogol's poem "Dead Souls" all the names of the landowners are symbolic. Our heroine is no exception. Korobochka is a diminutive derivative of the word “box”, that is, an inanimate object. Likewise, in the image of Korobochka there are few living features; she is turned to the past, there is no real life, development – ​​personal, spiritual. A real "dead soul".

People store various things in the box - and Korobochka is absorbed in hoarding solely for the sake of money itself, she does not have any global goal on what this money can be spent on. She just puts them in bags.

Well, the walls of the box are solid, just like Korobochka’s mind. She is stupid and limited.

As for the diminutive suffix, the author may have wanted to show the character’s harmlessness and some comedy.

In “Dead Souls” Gogol mercilessly exposes vices serfdom. To reveal the concept of the work, the author satirically depicted the landowners - serf owners and gave each an apt description. Among them is the image of Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka. The meaning of her life is to increase money and wealth through the hard work of her peasants.

Chichikov met the elderly landowner by chance when his drunken coachman lost his way at night and drove into the middle of nowhere. Nastasya Petrovna's estate was located away from the bustling life. The room where Chichikov was invited was “hung” with old wallpaper, “a clock hissing like snakes” hung on the wall, and bundles and little bags were hidden behind the paintings. The appearance of the landowner in a night cap and a “flannel around her neck” spoke of a modest and poor existence. According to the author, she is “one of those mothers” who complain about lean years and heavy losses. And she herself quietly puts the money “in colorful bags.”

Having learned that a nobleman had asked to stay for the night, Korobochka behaved very friendly with him and tried to please him in everything. She addressed him respectfully as “father” and forced the maid to clean his dirty clothes. She even asked if the guest would like to have his heels scratched before bed, as her late husband, the college secretary, loved. And, realizing that Chichikov was a “buyer,” the cunning Korobochka became even more cordial.

As it turned out, the landowner has a strong economy, she has eighty serfs, who bring her good income. Nastasya Petrovna began briskly offering Chichikov her goods: lard, honey, flour, bird feathers. But he has another goal - to make a deal to buy “dead souls” and make his own profit. When he started talking about the dead peasants, it became clear that in front of him was a very greedy, uneducated and “club-headed” landowner. Not understanding why he needed these peasants, she asked: “Do you really want to dig them up?” She haggled for a long time: “Perhaps merchants will come and I’ll adjust the prices.” Having somehow explained that the merchants did not need this “product”, and she would save money on taxes, Chichikov promised her fifteen rubles in “blue banknotes”.

Korobochka was very worried that she had cheapened out and went to the city to find out the price of “dead souls,” which later led to the exposure of Chichikov’s scam.

Gogol gave Korobochka a speaking surname and revealed her real essence. The lack of moral principles among “box people”, the thirst for accumulation, leads to the degeneration of personality and their souls become “dead”.

Option 2

A separate chapter of N.V.’s poem is dedicated to each of the five landowners from whom the entrepreneur Chichikov bought up dead souls. Gogol "Dead Souls". Chichikov ends up visiting Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka by accident, having gotten lost at night on the road from Manilov.

Korobochka's farm is large and strong. This landowner is a skillful, thrifty housewife and takes care of the housework herself. She has 80 serf souls with whom Korobochka directly communicates, so her speech is close to peasant dialect. The yard is full of all kinds of birds, and various vegetables grow in the gardens. Lots of fruit trees. Korobochka is hospitable: she greeted Chichikov warmly, prepared the bed, offered him tea at night, and fed him well in the morning. All her interests are focused on the farm. Everything in the house is furnished in an old-fashioned way. Korobochka treats things carefully, and in the chest of drawers among the linen there are bags of money that she has been saving all her life. Korobochka's homeliness over time developed into hoarding. There are a lot of flies everywhere. This speaks of the frozen world of the heroine.

Korobochka's appearance is unattractive. In the description of the portrait we will not find a description of the face or eyes, as if they were not there. The author thereby emphasizes the character’s lack of spirituality. The box is ignorant, superstitious, and selfish. She is driven by a passion for profit. Gogol is ironic about mental abilities Boxes. Chichikov silently calls her “club-headed.” She has a “speaking” surname: she lives a closed life on her estate, as if in a box. Everything new scares her.

Korobochka sells natural products produced by its peasants: honey, lard, hemp. He also trades with the peasants themselves. Everything goes into her business. She mistakes Chichikov for a buyer and offers him to buy various products. All of Korobochka’s character traits appeared in the deal with Chichikov. Their conversation is a dialogue of the deaf. Korobochka does not understand the meaning of this deal and is afraid of being deceived. She has been saving and saving all her life, so she thinks what if dead souls come in handy. She knows the names of her dead peasants by heart. The box sells people as if they were inanimate objects. She is not going to give up dead souls to Chichikov on the cheap. After persuasion from Chichikov, Korobochka decides to sell this unusual goods. She's careful. After Chichikov left, Korobochka went to the city to find out at what price dead souls are sold nowadays.

The box is not a living person, but a parody of him, the embodiment of spiritual emptiness.

Essay about the Box

Korobochka Anastasia Petrovna is the heroine of the novel “Dead Souls”. In the work she appears as a landowner who sold dead souls. Gogol dedicated an entire third chapter to this character in his work.

Gogol in his work classified Anastasia Petrovna as a landowner who constantly complains about their income and losses. But Anastasia Petrovna was by no means like that, while she complains her chest is slowly but surely filling with money. Still, she was a simple woman, and the author more than once highlighted her spiritual simplicity. She did not belong to the privileged part of society, like other landowners at that time; they wanted to join it with all their might.

Gogol emphasized her clothes and appearance. The author more than once called her clothes shabby. Her main goal in life is to increase her capital. She never refused any way to earn money. Her whole life was based on accumulation material resources. She believes that money is much more important than appearance. She also does not notice the difference between living and non-living nature. When Chichikov offered to buy her dead souls, she immediately agreed. You could even say that she got money out of thin air. But she sold them to him at three prices, because she really loved to make good and fast money. For her greed and greed, Gogol gave her the nickname “clubhead.”

Bringing the third chapter to a close, Gogol made a conclusion. In his opinion, Korobochka is an image that could exist in reality. He also said that she was not much different from other landowners of that time. All landowners were obsessed with money and behaved in the same way. Throughout the entire chapter, Gogol did not mention the beauty of Korobochka more than once. From this we can conclude that Anastasia Petrovna did not stand out for her beauty, unlike Manilov, since Gogol spoke many times about Manilov’s beauty.

Korobochka had a strong and loyal economy, which was built on the reputation of Korobochka itself. She sold anything, lard, milk, eggs and much more. Her economy is autonomous and does not depend on anything. It has not suffered more than one fire during its existence. It is constantly growing upward, albeit slowly.

It is also worth noting the situation in the house. She had old rooms with faded wallpaper. The house is full of different decorations. Each room has large mirrors in old, gloomy frames.

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