Entertainment scenario for children 4-5 years old. Introducing children to nurseries musical instruments.
(Presentation of new children's musical instruments)
Program content
Target: draw children's attention to the richness and diverse world of sounds produced by various musical instruments.
Tasks.
Educational:
1. Formation of ideas about musical and noise sounds.
2. Gaining knowledge about musical noise instruments, the history of their creation and sound features.
3. Acquaintance with the techniques of playing noise instruments.
4. Learning and performing Russian folk songs and chants.
5. Learn to distinguish instruments by sound.
6. Reinforce the names of instruments and skills in playing them.
Educational:
1. Development of vocal-choral and rhythmic skills.
2. Development of musical memory, pitch hearing, attention.
3. Acquaintance with the initial skills of playing in an ensemble, introducing children to forms of joint music-making.
4. Development of creative skills (improvisation).
5. Consolidating children’s knowledge about the rattle as a musical instrument, teaching them to play rhythmically, start and finish on time.
6. Develop subtlety and sensitivity of timbre hearing, imagination and visualization in sound creation.
Educational:
1. Fostering interest and love for music, folk musical culture, and the world of beauty.
2. Fostering interest in playing simple musical instruments.
3. Cultivate interest in the various sounds of the surrounding world.
Attributes and equipment:
A collection of rattles, tambourines, tambourines, spoons, bells, metallophones, bells, triangles, rattles, rhythm sticks, maracas, homemade rattles.
Slide show equipment.
Preliminary work
music director:
Selection of repertoire for children and adults, selection of slides for presentation, selection of musical instruments for performing musical pieces in an orchestra, arrangement for an orchestra musical works.
Working with children:
Introduction to noise musical instruments and metallophone;
Learning how to play them;
Learning the chorus of the song “Rattle”, a dance with rattles, the game “Who’s Faster”, musical pieces for playing children’s musical instruments.
Working with teachers:
Learning the polka “Letka-Enka”, the song “Rattle”.
Working with parents:
Making homemade rattle toys for an exhibition.
Methods and techniques:
game moment, artistic word, display, conversation, task, explanation, examination, reinforcement, encouragement, outcome.
Objectives of the integrated educational areas:
"Cognition". Fix the names of musical instruments: maracas, bells, rattle, tambourine, metallophone, rhythmic sticks, triangle.
"Socialization". Form friendly, friendly relationships between children and adults.
"Communication". Fix in the children's dictionary: rectangle, traffic light, signal, transition, stop public transport. Develop free communication with adults and children.
"Reading fiction" Develop the ability to guess riddles and correlate them with images, read short poems expressively.
Progress of entertainment.
Leading:Everywhere where people live, children play... Probably the most favorite toy for children is a rattle. No baby grows up without a rattle, which serves the child throughout the first year of life. Dried gourds, clay balls with pebbles inside and shells were the first rattles of mankind. The very word “rattle” in Russian comes from “to rattle by the ear.” Many artists loved to depict babies with rattles.
Slide show “Rattle in paintings»
Among the white towels
On a luxurious mattress
Baby lady snoozes
With a rattle in hand.
Exactly a month this lady
Exists among us.
There are four kilograms in it,
This is a diamond girl.
(author of poems Nikolai Oleinikov)
The most fun of all is the toy,
Painted rattle.
Give the crybaby a rattle -
The crybaby will become a laughing one.
This cute toy
Baby girlfriend.
She sings all day long
Doesn't let kids cry.
And in order for rattles to rattle so merrily and amuse the little ones, what kind of bulk materials fill them? (children's answers)
When you were little, you could only rattle with rattles. And now you are older, you can not just rattle, but play them like musical instruments. Show how you can play rattles (children take rattles and stand scattered).
Song "Rattle" music. V. Dobrynina, lyrics. M. Plyatskovsky
(The teacher sings the chorus, the children sing the chorus and play the rattles)
Leading:
How well you sang and played the rattles! Do you want to dance with them?
Dance with rattles
Leading:
What a wonderful musical instrument - a rattle! (draws attention to the exhibition of rattles that children and their parents made with their own hands)
Take a look at our display of rattles. These children and their parents made these rattles themselves, with their own hands! Want to hear what they sound like? Children, play with your rattles for us!
Orchestra of homemade rattles, music. Kukaracha-Kukaracha
Leading:
Did everyone like the sound of these rattles? Let's play with them now!
Game "Who will take the rattle sooner"
Leading:
In addition to rattles, there are many more interesting noise and musical
tools. Try to guess what they are called?..
(after the children answer correctly, the screen appears
slide with a picture of this tool)
1. He plays from the heart
The rhythm is very difficult.
What does it sound like, please tell me quickly?
Fidget... tambourine (slide show “tambourine”)
2. Also plays next to him
Also sonorous... tambourine (slide show “tambourine”)
3. He sits under his cap,
Don't disturb him - he's silent.
You just have to take it in your hands
And rock it a little,
A chime will be heard:
“Dili-don, Dili-don!” bell (slide show “bell”)
4. I look a little like a spatula,
I look a little like an oar
I help the kids eat porridge,
And my sister is a ladle... a spoon (showing the “spoon” slide)
5. At the most fabulous moment
This tool will come in.
Quietly, gently it will ring,
It's like everything is silver.
Any preschooler will recognize
When... triangle plays (slide show "triangle")
6. Here are the metal plates,
There are a lot of them on the board.
From the records that are many,
The road runs off into the distance.
A wonderful ringing is heard.
This is what it sounds like... metallophone (slide show "metallophone")
7. Here the plates are different,
Wooden, large.
How they begin to crack -
You need to cover your ears... ratchet (show the “ratchet” slide)
8. This is not a rattle for you
And not a child's toy.
Makes us all very happy
Wooden ... maracas (slide show "maracas")
9. They beat each other - knock-knock-knock -
And everyone hears the beautiful sound... sticks (slide show “rhythm sticks”)
10. Well done guys rang,
Delete ... bells (slide show “bells”)
Do you guys like all these musical instruments? (children answer)
Our children love it very much
More than any porridge
Spoons, rumbas, triangle,
Maracas, bell.
They also love the metallophone,
Because he is loud.
And also on a tambourine in the morning
Children love to knock...
At this time, mom and dad
I really want to sleep.
And if you put these instruments all together at once?.. Do you want to hear what happens? Grab your tools, guys!
(children take instruments and stand in front of the audience)
Leading:
Admire the orchestra:
The tools are good!
Virtuoso musicians -
These are our babies!
Children: (take turns talking about their instrument)
1. Here is a beautiful, ringing tambourine!
He will not remain silent in his hands! (Child plays tambourine)
2. Like friendly palms,
Our spoons are rattling! (Child plays on spoons)
3. And these are sticks,
Knock sticks! (The child knocks with chopsticks)
4. Like a rattle crackling -
Everyone will be surprised today! (Child plays the rattle)
5. Makes a beautiful ringing sound
Our sonorous metallophone! (The child plays glissando on the metallophone)
6. These are the tomboyish brothers,
Bells and bells! (The child rings the bells)
7. Will be here to play for you
Wooden maracas! (Child plays maracas)
8. Let's hit the triangles -
We will bring joy to all guests! (Child plays on a triangle)
9. Dili-don! Dili-don!
You can hear the ringing from all sides!
The bell rings so loudly
Like a stream babbling. (The child rings the bell)
Children in chorus:
We will play together for you,
All you have to do is clap!
Children play in the orchestra. "Moscow square dance"
Leading:
Well done, guys! (addresses the guests) Did you like how our children play? In our kindergarten Not only children, but also adults love to play musical instruments.
Listen to them perform Finnish polka, which is called “Letka-Enka”.
Teachers perform the “Letka-Enka” polka.
Leading:
That's how much fun we had this evening! Do you want to learn how to make some other instrument? Fine! Next time we will make bells with you. And now it's time for us to say goodbye. Let's say to the guests: “Goodbye, see you again”!
(children say goodbye and go to the group)
Olga Shamonina
Lesson notes for the middle group “Tools”
Summary of GCD in the middle correctional group.
Subject: « Tools»
Learn to recognize tools: hammer, needle, pliers, screwdriver, thimble to distinguish them from many other things.
Denote in speech labor actions relevant words:
hammered... (nails);
sawing with a saw….;
chopping with an ax...;
screw it in with a screwdriver...
Learn to imitate labor actions with substitute items in role-playing game, dramatization game, in constructive games.
Introduce safety rules in games. Train to store toys tools in a strictly defined place.
Children sit around the table
Want to know what's in my chest?
Then guess the riddle: Small in stature I, thin and sharp.
I look for my way with my nose, and I drag my tail behind me.
Needle and thread
What is it for? Can you play with a needle? Why not? What is the needle made of? Once upon a time there were no such sharp metal needles for a long time. And ancient people had to sew their clothes using thick fish bones or sharpened animal bones (pictures). Do you think it was easy to sew clothes this way? Of course not. Then the man first came up with big needle from bronze, from silver, and later from iron. What other needles do you know? (Needles at the syringe, at the hedgehog, at the Christmas tree) Well done, how are they similar? Of course, they are sharp, and this can be dangerous. Therefore, how should you handle the needle correctly? (children's answers). Listen to another one riddle: Small head
sits on your finger
Hundreds of eyes
looks in all directions.
Thimble
What is a thimble for? Is it possible to play with him? Why? The thimble protects your fingers while working with the needle.
Finger gymnastics
Tanya, take a needle,
Let's sew a shirt and a T-shirt,
Pants, blouse and dress,
And we will dress the Katya doll. Showing index finger right hand- a needle. Rotate the index finger around each finger of the left hand. Repeat with the other hand.
Guess what else is in my chest? I am the most lively worker in the workshop.
I pound as hard as I can - Day after day.
How did you guess? Why is it needed? What is it made of? What types of hammers are there? (Toy, wooden, metal, musical, large, small) Okay, now let’s give your eyes a little rest.
Visual gymnastics
This is not a simple matter -
Swing an ax skillfully Move your gaze up and down
I chop with an ax deftly, close your eyes, open your eyes
This requires some skill. They blink their eyes.
Who saw the ax? What is it for? (Look at the picture). An ax helps chop wood and branches for a fire (pictures). What parts does it consist of? How should it be handled? Stand up and show me how to use an ax (physical minute).
Listen to another riddle. Whirlwind spinner. I rested my foot on the screw,
The chatterbox lost his peace. (screwdriver)
What is a screwdriver for? What parts does it consist of?
Where the tail rests,
There will be a hole later. (awl) Questions for children.
Well done. You solved a lot of riddles, tell me what they do with a hammer? A needle? Scissors? Saw? A broom? How can all these objects be called in one word? (Tools) . What are they for? tools? Why can't they be played? (Children make a conclusion)
Children's music playing opens up a child's magical world musical sounds, helps to immerse yourself in the melodic beauty of the sound of instruments and awaken creative initiative. It is important to develop in a child everything valuable that nature has so generously endowed him with, creating a favorable environment for the formation musical culture, based on the innate abilities of the child, revealing and improving the inclinations and inclinations inherent in him.
Goals of conducting classes on musical instruments in kindergarten, specific tasks and techniques
Aesthetic pleasure received from playing a variety of instruments, accompanying creative and active games contribute to expanding the range of musical impressions, personal development children, stimulate creative activity, develop thinking, attention, memory and strong-willed qualities. This is why it is so important to work on musical education carry out systematically and purposefully, carefully studying teaching methods and techniques.
Any instrument is easy to play: you just need to touch the right key at the right moment, and the instrument will sound itself.
J. S. Bach
Goals and objectives of classes, methodological techniques relevant for different groups
Goals: development of musical and creative abilities, nurturing a love of music and artistic taste.
- develop rhythmic hearing;
- introduce the classification and sound of musical instruments;
- teach playing the simplest drums, noise, plucked string instruments.
General teaching techniques:
- verbal:
- educational conversation;
- practical explanations;
- leading and problematic questions;
- riddles;
- poems;
- visual:
- demonstration and examination of instruments;
- discussion of thematic illustrations;
- showing ways and techniques of the game;
- practical:
- children’s reproduction of techniques for playing various musical instruments;
- improving acquired skills;
- production of musical instruments and playing aids from scrap and scrap materials;
- gaming:
- didactic games;
- outdoor musical games.
Video: game “Happy Tambourine”
https://youtube.com/watch?v=a4sHFYCQQB4 Video can’t be loaded: Musical and didactic game “Cheerful Tambourine” (https://youtube.com/watch?v=a4sHFYCQQB4)
Music lessons involve competent alternation of frontal, group, and individual formats of teacher work with children. This approach allows children to become more deeply acquainted with the expressive capabilities of each instrument, stimulates interest in music-making, creative improvisation, and awakens inspiration for writing.
Methodological techniques for working with different age groups
Each age period has its own characteristics and requires its own pedagogical approach. The methodological recommendations also differ.
Age: 2–3 years (first junior group)
Gaming techniques: children become familiar with musical instruments while playing out a surprise situation. For example, a bear brought a bag with some amazing objects (pipes, rattles, drums, cubes), the kids examine the instruments and try to make sounds. Then, to the accompaniment of music, rhythmic movements are performed with a rattle. different strengths, allowing you to achieve either quiet or loud sound. The lesson turns into a little research, learning new things, and gives you your discoveries. This creates an atmosphere of relaxed joyful surprise and pleasure from communicating with music. At the next lesson, communication with the forest friend continues, the clumsy bear offers to dance with him to the sound of a tambourine. Kids will be happy to imitate their favorite hero, moving slowly from foot to foot, waddling and trying to follow the rhythmic pattern of dance movements. Through play activities, children also learn:
- distinguish the sounds of different musical instruments;
- identify sounds by height;
- develop a sense of rhythm.
Age: 4 years
Children of the fourth year of life are additionally familiar with the musical hammer and metallophone, and happily take part in rhythmic games with instruments. For example, children are asked to convey the accelerating or decelerating sound of the wheels of a moving train or the clatter of hooves of a running horse. In game didactic tasks, children of this age can without much difficulty:
- reproduce a fast and slow sound rhythm on one instrument (a nimble bunny jumps quickly, a large clumsy elephant walks slowly and heavily);
- distinguish between high and low sounds of a bell;
- convey the elementary rhythmic pattern of the melody;
- recognize a musical instrument known to them by its “voice”.
Children of middle preschool age master the art of playing the metallophone
Age: 5 years
Children of this age master the art of playing the metallophone. This tool helps develop ear for music, sense of rhythm, as well as musical memory. The teacher pays great attention demonstration and simultaneous explanation of the correct body position and hand movements. The initial acquaintance with the technique of playing the glockenspiel occurs during a lesson, and training and consolidation of skills continues during individual communication with children - for example, when a child is asked to depict a rhythmic pattern of his own name with simultaneous voice accompaniment. To accurately depict the rhythm, the teacher suggests first clapping and then reproducing the rhythmic pattern on a tambourine or musical hammers. Great value acquire reproduction melodic line, keeping the pace, coherence of movements.
Playing plucked string instruments also develops fine motor skills.
Age: 6 years
Children get acquainted with new and quite complex plucked string instruments (harp, zither, gusli) and keyboard instruments (accordion, button accordion). Mastering the skill of playing the zither is carried out in an individual form. Didactic games of a musical orientation, awakening children's fantasy and imagination and developing sensory abilities, acquire the greatest importance. In the second half of the year, children begin to master musical literacy. The study of the musical staff and the names of notes takes place through game situations that evoke a lively emotional response and cognitive interest; poems, songs, and fairy tales are actively used.
Stages of getting to know musical instruments
Game techniques:
- Junior preschool age:
- rattle: hitting the palm of the hand or a hard horizontal surface (table, floor) with an instrument; shaking;
- tambourine: the instrument is fixed in one hand, a blow is struck with the palm or fist of the other hand; shaking;
- bells: the instrument is held in vertical position, strike with a stick, push with a finger or shake freely;
- drum: synchronous, alternating rhythmic beats with sticks or roll;
- wooden spoons: “palm” technique, hitting the “heel” with the “heel”;
- metallophone: confidently driving a hammer in the air, hitting one plate with a rebound.
- Middle preschool age:
- tambourine: new technique - hitting with fingertips;
- metallophone: practicing the glissando technique (slow sliding from sound to sound);
- spoons: a new technique - “pancakes” (alternate blows on the “heel” of the left spoon, then on the “heel” of the right spoon).
- Senior preschool age:
- glockenspiel:
- freely unfolding the hand, perform the “blow-rebound” technique;
- achieve the correct movement of the hammer up and down;
- learn to convey a sound rhythmic pattern by tapping;
- xylophone, rumba: “Bourdon” technique (continuous sound);
- familiarization with the techniques of playing percussion and noise instruments:
- beaters,
- maracas,
- castanets,
- bells
- glockenspiel:
Video: concert number (middle and senior preschool age)
https://youtube.com/watch?v=1T9Dj1qA5rY Video can’t be loaded: Kindergarten. Playing musical instruments. (https://youtube.com/watch?v=1T9Dj1qA5rY)
Organizing a lesson on learning musical instruments
Lesson structure:
- Introductory, motivational part:
- musical greeting,
- watching a presentation video,
- educational conversation,
- discussion of the topic.
- Main part:
- creative tasks and exercises,
- playing children's musical instruments,
- musical and didactic games.
- Final part:
- final conversation between the teacher and the children,
- gratitude for the active work and interest shown in the lesson.
Interest in playing music will be helped to awaken by the professional approach and personal imagination of the teacher, who, to activate creative potential can use his students in their work:
- poems;
- riddles;
- games;
- costume performances;
- demonstration of illustrations;
- listening to a fragment of a piece of music;
- watching multimedia presentations, videos or animated films.
The teacher’s thoughtful approach to organizing classes and comprehensive preliminary preparation will create an informal, lively environment and increase children’s interest and emotional output.
Table: ideas for the introductory part of the lesson
| Lesson topic | Contents of the introductory part |
| “Journey with Emelya to a musical fairyland” | Emelya appears to the sounds of a Russian folk dance melody. Emelya: Hello, guys, I really love traveling around the world on my stove, I invite you to join me and go on a long journey! Educator: Emelya, we gladly accept your invitation, but first guess our riddle (reads the riddle about the spoon). Emelya: This is a spoon, wow, how did I not guess it myself? That’s right, before a long magical journey it wouldn’t hurt to have a thorough meal, and I love to eat! Educator: Emelya, this is not just a spoon, but a folk musical instrument. Emelya: How is that? For teapots and jugs? Educator: No, of course, the performer hits the spoon on the spoon, like this. Emelya: This is all very interesting, but what does this have to do with our plans? Educator: Guys, let's show our guest a hint. (Children perform folk melody on spoons) Emelya: I understand, we are awaiting a journey to amazing country Russian folk instruments! |
| "City of Music Masters" | The teacher invites the children to go on a magical journey, the kids look at the map of the fairy-tale kingdom, find on it an image of a musical key, which symbolizes the city of musical instrument makers. A wave of a magic wand transports children into a fairy-tale reality. Imagination helps to imagine a city in which there are many beautiful houses, but the city square is empty, the city is deserted, as if enchanted. You need to solve riddles, complete exercises and guess which instruments (spoons, tambourine, rattle, etc.) the residents are masters of. Then perform a melody, dance, sing, then the city will come to life, filled with cheerful laughter, the sound of musical instruments, songs and dances. |
| “We’ll invite the violin to visit” | The nursery teacher is invited to the lesson music school violin class. A piece performed by a professional musician will introduce you to an amazingly beautiful instrument. The music teacher’s story is accompanied by a demonstration of a real instrument: “Look at the flexible body of the violin, the thin, graceful waist. The part of the instrument that ends in a curl is called the neck; strings are stretched across it, and sound is produced from contact with the strings. The beautiful lingering sound of a violin depends on the bow. Touch the bow and you will see that the reed is stretched with real, fine horsehair. Now pluck the string with your fingers and hear a dull, short sound. Only the bow helps the violin truly sing in a drawn-out and gentle voice. Try to move the bow along the string, hear, the violin seems to speak.” |
| "Land of Musical Instruments" | The teacher tells the children that a swallow flew into the open window and brought a letter. Text of the letter: “Dear guys, I know that you really love listening to music, singing and dancing. The Queen of our Country of Musical Instruments invites you to visit. Flute Girl." The children decide to accept the invitation and are about to set off, but then Pinocchio runs into the room, sings a song and is very out of tune. The teacher invites the children to take Pinocchio with them so that he learns to sing and gets acquainted with musical instruments. Children move to the music, tapping the rhythm using rattles. |
Video: introduction to musical instruments (GCD - directed educational activity, middle group, author I. V. Tyarina)
https://youtube.com/watch?v=zleT8AEcs4s Video can’t be loaded: GCD “Introduction to musical instruments” different countries"(https://youtube.com/watch?v=zleT8AEcs4s)
Topics for developmental conversation:
- “Is it possible to live without music?”
- "Keyboard City"
- "Visiting the wind instruments"
- “Secrets and mysteries of Russian folk instruments”
Stories about different instruments for the introductory part of a music lesson
You can also use information and communication technologies (ICT), supplementing the text with records of the relevant tool and pictures:
- From the first moments of life, a person is surrounded by sounds. In the natural world, music is everywhere. Listen - and you will hear the melody of birds singing, rustling autumn leaves underfoot, rolling noise sea wave, the quiet breath of the spring breeze, the chirping of cicadas on a hot summer day. Music surrounds us everywhere, we just need to learn to hear it. People invented many different instruments, invented a special musical writing, and learned to write melodies using notes. Today we will touch amazing world musical instruments.
Music is everywhere in the natural world
- Percussion instruments are a loud, boisterous group of instruments. Its most famous, powerful and important participant is the drum. Guys, why do you think the drum is round and not triangular? (Only a circle allows you to achieve the necessary tension force on the skin). With the help of sticks you can get sounds of different strengths - from the rustle of light steps to a menacing rumble. Drum roll- the most difficult performing technique and requires real virtuoso skill from the musician.
Percussion instruments are the loudest, noisiest team of instruments
- The family of wind instruments (brass) - leads the parade processions, being a welcome participant in special events: the jubilant voices of brilliant beauties (trumpet, flute, saxophone) perform melodies in honor of the winners of sports competitions, greeting the most dear and important guests. Perhaps the name is due to the fact that the magical sounds that delight listeners will be produced only by those musicians who put their soul into playing.
The family of wind instruments (brass) leads the parade processions, a welcome participant in special events
- The community of string instruments (violin, guitar, cello) has always been very loved by even the most demanding and strict public due to its gentle and soft sound. With their shape, these instruments are very reminiscent of the human body; sounds are produced with a bow or the pads of the fingertips. String instruments occupy the most important places in the symphony orchestra - in front of the conductor and the audience.
In their shape, these instruments are very reminiscent of the human body; sounds are produced with a bow or the pads of the fingertips.
Video: “How keyboard and wind musical instruments sound” (cartoon)
Musical and didactic games for younger groups
Options game exercises and tasks for children aged two to four years:
- playing to the soundtrack of any popular children's song, tapping “to the beat”;
- sound accompaniment to poems;
- sound pictures on the proposed topic (for example, depict a natural phenomenon - rain, wind noise, snowfall);
- fairy-tale story in sound (onomatopoeia for fairy-tale characters).
"The Story of Baby Squirrels"
In the fall, baby squirrels ran along forest paths, diligently collecting mushrooms and nuts for the winter (drum your fingers). But then fluffy white snowflakes began to quietly fall to the ground (metallophone), gradually they wrapped the chilled earth in a beautiful snow-white blanket, on which traces of nimble squirrels became noticeable (triangle). In their cozy and warm tree houses, the baby squirrels gnawed nuts (spoons). The warmth of their houses was kept by a rug of dry leaves (with the rustling noise of noise instruments). And it was cold outside, an icy wind was blowing (flute).
"In the clearing"
Forest animals have come running to a sunny clearing to bask - a variety of music sounds, conveying images of animals: a slowly waddling bear, a quickly jumping bunny, a cautiously sneaking fox. Kids need to guess who is who and show them in motion and sound.
Kids need to depict the image of an animal in movement and sound.
"Droplets and Rays"
Children listen carefully to music depicting the sound of rain. Kids need to clap the rain and convey the smooth movements of gentle rays of sunshine on a musical instrument. Children independently choose the appropriate instrument and come up with dance moves.
"Musical Flowers"
A game to recognize the character of a melody.
The pictures are on the table. Children listen to the soundtrack, take turns determining the nature of the music, choosing the appropriate flower and showing it.
Each child has one flower; if a melody sounds that matches the mood of his flower’s face, then the child picks up his card.
The middle of the flower depicts options for emotional states
The middle of the flower depicts variants of the emotional state:
- gentle, affectionate, calm, pacifying;
- sad, melancholy, melancholy;
- perky, joyful, mischievous.
Games for middle and high school age
Middle and senior preschool age Children can already cope with more complex tasks.
"Rhythmic Ornaments"
The game develops the idea of high and low, long and short, smooth and sharp sounds. Didactic material: pictures with a graphic representation of a rhythmic pattern.
The game develops the idea of high and low, long and short, smooth and sharp sounds.
Children are invited to clap, play instruments, and show with the help of their voice or plastic movements the musical pattern depicted on the card.
"Rhythmic fence"
The game reinforces the concept of a strong beat and develops a sense of rhythm. The teacher claps melodies of different genres (polka, waltz, march) with an emphasis on the downbeat, showing the corresponding card.
The game reinforces the concept of a strong beat and develops a sense of rhythm.
"Pick a picture"
An exercise to reinforce the concept of musical tempo. Children listen to a piece of music, determine the tempo (fast, slow, very fast, very slow) and choose a picture of an animal whose character and temperament corresponds to the musical tempo.
Exercise to reinforce the concept of musical tempo
"Guess the musical instrument"
Musical fragments performed by a musical instrument are heard, children recognize it by sound and point to the corresponding card.
Children recognize an instrument by its sound and point to the corresponding card.
"Magic Screen"
The game expands your musical horizons, develops memory and attention. Children must recognize the song, remember the name, and choose a picture depicting an episode from a popular cartoon. Based on the picture, the child identifies the cartoon, remembers and sings the song.
Based on the picture, the child identifies the cartoon, remembers and sings the song.
"Loto for little musicians"
The game trains your pitch hearing abilities. It uses two groups of cards:
The child chooses an instrument and performs a melody ascending, descending, or on one sound: up from first to fifth, down from fifth to first, on one ruler.
"The Fourth Wheel"
The game reinforces knowledge about percussion, strings, wind and keyboard instruments. The child is offered a sheet with images of 4 musical instruments, where three belong to the same type, and the fourth does not. The child covers a picture that falls out of the logical series with a card.
The violin does not belong to the group of keyboards
"Musician Cube"
To play you will need a dice large size, it can be made from a packaging box or from an element of a modular construction set; images of children's musical instruments are glued to the edge of the cube. The cube should be light and attractive. The players throw it around in a circle to the accompaniment of music, the music stops, and the children stop playing. The child, who has a cube in his hands, names the instrument drawn on the top edge, approaches the table, takes the corresponding musical instrument and plays a melody, repeating the rhythmic pattern after the teacher.
The child names the instrument drawn on the top edge, approaches the table, takes the corresponding musical instrument and plays a melody
"Ladder"
Items for play: a five-step ladder made from elements of a building set, toys, children's musical instruments. The first player plays a melody, the second player determines the direction of the sound movement and moves the toy to the top step, bottom, or leaves it on the same step.
The player determines the direction of the sound movement of the melody and moves the toy along the steps
Video: playing musical instruments (senior group)
https://youtube.com/watch?v=oAiU61VA-LM Video can’t be loaded: “What makes noise and what sounds, or we play children’s musical instruments” (https://youtube.com/watch?v=oAiU61VA-LM)
Table: riddles about musical instruments
| Mystery | Answer |
| Here are the keys, like on a piano, But for them to play, So that the song is not bad, The furs need to be stretched. |
Accordion |
| Three strings, plays loudly That instrument is a “cocked hat”. Find out quickly What is this? |
Balalaika |
| It's easy to go hiking with me, It's fun with me on the way, And I'm a screamer, and I'm a brawler, I am loud, round... |
Drum |
| He has a pleated shirt He loves to dance in a squat position, He dances and sings - If you get your hands on it. Forty buttons on it With pearlescent fire. A merry fellow, not a brawler Our vociferous... |
Accordion |
| The string rings, she sings, And the song is heard by everyone. Six strings play anything And that instrument is always fashionable. He will never get old. We call that instrument... |
Guitar |
| Carved in the forest Smoothly hewn Sings and pours out. What's it called? |
Dudochka |
| musical instrument, He is a brass He has a single cane, So handsome. And more graceful than him, Apparently not in music. Does everyone understand what I mean? This… |
Clarinet |
| They eat soup at lunch, By evening they will “talk” Wooden girls Musical sisters. Play a little too On beautiful bright... |
Spoons |
| He looks like a rattle Only this is not a toy! |
Maraca |
| Loved music very much Two sisters, Natasha and Nina, And that's why we bought it They are very... |
Piano |
| The smooth movements of the bow make the strings tremble, The tune murmurs from afar, sings about the lunar wind. How clear the sounds are overflowing, there is joy and a smile in them. A dreamy tune sounds and is played... |
Violin |
| They are made of copper. You need to wave your hands in time, Strike loudly, then rest. Their party is not a trifle, not a trifle, In music there are also... |
Plates |
| Performed at the concert Our dear Tatiana, Like a star she played A whole hour for... |
Piano |
Video: musical and didactic game “Guess the musical instrument”
https://youtube.com/watch?v=I6dkLxSrPX8 Video can’t be loaded: MDI Guess the musical instrument (https://youtube.com/watch?v=I6dkLxSrPX8)
Project development algorithm
A creative project for acquaintance with musical instruments is a combined and expanded version of the implementation of cognitive and creative activities, combining several multidirectional artistic, aesthetic and practical activities ( musical development, fiction, drawing, appliqué, making children's musical instruments, concert performances, etc.) with a common theme.
Types of projects:
- short-term - from one lesson to one week;
- long-term - from a month to a year.
Project development algorithm:
- preparatory work;
- main part;
- final stage.
Directions and forms of implementation:
- intellectual and cognitive development:
- educational conversations with parents and students;
- quizzes and musical-didactic games;
- homework;
- demonstration material and visual aids(presentation games, information stands, moving folders, music museum or corner, albums, exhibition of children's drawings, etc.);
- festive musical and theatrical events;
- excursions, visits to museum exhibitions and concerts;
- educational games (musical and didactic, artistic, role-playing).
- practical activities in the manufacture of musical instruments;
- verbal techniques aimed at activating attention and developing memory (poems, tongue twisters, riddles, folklore materials, fairy tales);
- costumed musical entertainment, concert, music lounge (with the participation of a music worker).
Table: musical project “Russian Miracle Instruments”
| Name | Russian miracle instruments |
| Characteristic | Long-term project in the preparatory group |
| Goals | Create conditions for expanding and enriching children's knowledge about the history of the origin of Russian folk instruments, fostering love and respect for Russian folk culture. |
| Tasks |
|
| Participants |
|
| Content | Project implementation stages:
|
Table: musical project “Russian folk instruments”, author E. A. Glushko
| Name | Russian folk musical instruments, author E. A. Glushko |
| Characteristic | Short-term project in the senior group |
| Goals | Introducing preschool children to Russian folk culture, its historical origins, which contribute to their musical and general cultural development. |
| Tasks |
|
| Participants |
|
| Content | Project implementation stages:
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Video: Music Day in kindergarten
https://youtube.com/watch?v=j1s5BcbkqNg Video can’t be loaded: Lesson on playing musical instruments. Music Day in Päikseke kindergarten. (https://youtube.com/watch?v=j1s5BcbkqNg)
DIY children's musical instruments
These crafts are easy and simple to make with your children.
Maracas “Herringbone” and “Flower”, “Noisemaker” from a box
Materials and tools:
- a large bottle of children's champagne,
- a smaller juice bottle,
- box,
- sets of colored and corrugated paper,
- standard size sheet of paper
- markers,
- simple pencil,
- scissors,
- PVA glue,
- cereals, peas, salt.
For noise musical instruments you need containers, filler and paper for covering.
Step by step instructions:
- Prepare a long strip of colored corrugated paper four to five centimeters wide, apply glue and decorate the body of the juice bottle.
Prepare a long strip of colored corrugated paper four to five centimeters wide, apply glue and decorate the body of the juice bottle
- Cut ribbons of two colors with a width of 8 and 10 cm from corrugated paper, the length depends on the diameter of the bottles. Cut strips on one side of the tape.
Cut strips of corrugated paper in two colors 8 and 10 cm wide
- Apply a bead of glue along the edge of the wide strip and glue a narrow strip of a different color to it.
Apply a strip of glue along the edge of the wide strip and glue a narrow strip of a different color to it
- Prepare another strip for the neck about six centimeters wide and make cuts in the same way.
Prepare another strip for the neck about six centimeters wide and make cuts in the same way
- Cover the body of a large bottle, starting from the base, and cover the neck in a spiral motion.
Cover the main part of the bottle body, starting from the base, and cover the neck in a spiral motion.
- On A4 paper, draw a circle of thirteen to fourteen centimeters (using a compass or tracing a ready-made template).
On A-4 paper, draw a circle of thirteen to fourteen centimeters (using a compass or tracing a ready-made template)
- Divide the circle into eight parts, rounding the edges of the inner triangles into the shape of petals.
Divide the circle into eight parts, rounding the edges of the inner triangles in the shape of petals
- Cut out the flower, draw a round center the size of the neck and make cuts along the lines.
Cut out the flower, draw a round center according to the size of the neck and make cuts along the lines
- Draw two blanks with colored pencils or felt-tip pens (optional).
Draw two blanks with felt-tip pens or colored pencils
- Place the blanks on the neck of the bottle and pour the noise material into the bottles.
Place the blanks on the neck of the bottle, pour the cereal into the bottles
- Prepare bright colored strips three to five centimeters wide and two squares, cover the box; one of back sides We don’t seal it, we leave room for pouring the cereal into the box. Pour the filler into the box.
Prepare bright colored strips three to five centimeters wide and two squares, cover the box
- Screw on the lids and seal the box: the musical toys are ready!
Musical toys are ready
Instructions:
- Cover mayonnaise jars with colored paper blanks.
- Thread bright ribbons into the side holes.
Cover the mayonnaise jars with blanks of colored paper, thread bright ribbons into the side holes, the tool is ready
Instructions:
- Prepare clean plastic round boxes from food products.
- Insert bells along the edge.
- Decorate with pictures.
Prepare clean plastic round food boxes, insert bells along the edges, decorate with pictures
"Naughty Rattles"
Light plastic bottles, boxes of gels, shampoos, yoghurts, etc., filled one-third with noise-making material, such as cereal or peas, are suitable as a base. The vessels can be covered with colored paper, faces can be painted on, etc.
Plastic bottles, boxes of gels, shampoos, yoghurts are filled one third with different noise materials
Instructions:
- A spiral twisted from foil is inserted into the food foil tube.
- Any noise filler is poured.
- Both ends of the tool are sealed.
A spiral twisted from foil is inserted into a tube of food foil, any noise filler is poured in, and both ends of the tool are sealed.
"Gorodets Ratchet"
Step by step instructions:
- Cut rectangular pieces of equal size from chipboard and tint using acrylic paints.
Cut rectangular pieces of equal size from chipboard and tint using acrylic paints
- Wait for the paint to dry, paint on each piece with a simple pencil sketch of a decorative ornament in the style of Gorodets painting.
draw on each blank with a simple pencil a sketch of a decorative ornament in the style of Gorodets painting
- Carefully paint the petals.
Carefully paint the petals
- Paint the flowers and circles red.
Paint the flowers and circles red
- Add blue circles.
Add blue circles
- Supplement the ornament with decorative elements.
Supplement the ornament with decorative elements
- Drill a hole in each piece, coat the parts of the product with varnish, and wait until completely dry. Connect all the parts with colored tape.
Drill a hole in each workpiece, connect all parts with colored tape
Photo gallery: homemade children's musical instruments
Jar, with plastic lids on both sides Drums made of tin cans Tin boxes decorated with burst balls stretched over the bottom Gusli (shoe box lid and colored rubber bands) Castanets made of lids Bells on a cardboard tube Bells attached to a wide elastic band Sticks with noise filling, bells on bracelets Pipe made from straws Tambourine (embroidery hoop and metal bottle caps)
For preschoolers, due to their age, it is difficult to organize a visit to a conservatory or a performance symphony orchestra in the present concert hall. But in a fascinating, lively, game form You can introduce kids to the world of musical instruments, even try to experiment and make the most unexpected musical toys with them from scrap materials. Thus, already in preschool age, the child will have an idea of the main groups of instruments, the features of their structure and sound, which will expand their general musical knowledge and develop a general artistic culture.
44 years old. Higher pedagogical education, specialty: history and law, postgraduate study. Work experience in higher school- 22 years old. Sphere professional activities- conducting lectures and seminars, educational and methodological scientific work(there are scientific publications).
Dominant musical activity in the middle group: Traveling through the country of “Unusual Musical Instruments”
Target: Introducing children to non-traditional musical instruments and their classification.Tasks:
Introduce children to new musical instruments (traditional - kantele, non-traditional),
Develop the ability to play along with them.
To promote the development of emotional and figurative performance of musical works, a sense of rhythm
Develop an interest in music and a desire to listen to it;
Enrich musical impressions, contribute to the further formation of the foundations of musical culture.
Create a desire to play musical instruments.
Children enter the hall. Musical greeting.
You guys came to visit me in the music room today. Let us say hello not just, but musically. (children's answers). Oh, did you bring musical instruments with you? (answers) How can this be?, After all, every person has several tools with him. Look, I have prepared tips for you.
M.R.: Guys, I invite you on a journey. Let's go to the land of unusual musical instruments. What can you travel with?
(Children's answers)
M.R. Maybe we can go by bus? (Yes)
Exercise “Bus” Zheleznova.
M.R. So we arrived at the first station.
Station "Udarnaya".
M.R. I wonder why it's called that.
Children come to the table where percussion musical instruments are laid out. We look at musical instruments. Questions: what are they made of? How to extract sound?
Conclusion: this is why the station is called UDKANAYA.
M.R. It's time for us to continue our journey. Let's go on a plane.
Exercise "Airplane"
M.R. I wonder what awaits us next?
M.R. Station "DUHOVAYA".
We approach the table and examine the wind instruments. We look at musical instruments. Questions: what are they made of? How to extract sound?
M.R. Shall we go further by train?
(Yes)
Select a driver (cap) Exercise “Train”
M.R. Station "STRING"
M.r.. brings the children to the table there, the kantele. Guys, look at what an unusual instrument, I think I’m familiar with it. This instrument is called a kantele. What kind of instrument do you think is the kantele? (string)
A long time ago I went on a boat to Väinämöinen to fish. But the boat got stuck in the mouth of a huge pike.
Then Väinämöinen cut the huge monster with his sword and made a kantele from its jaws.
Väinämöinen gave many people a chance to try playing an unprecedented instrument:
But no one was able to extract beautiful sounds from the kantele.
Väinämöinen was even advised to... drown the instrument! - until, finally, the kantele itself begged:
I don't want to go into the water
Dive into the depths of the sea;
Let the master play on me
With his own skillful hand.
Then the master, the wise Väinämöinen, took the kantele into his hands.
He takes Kantele in his hands,
Brings you to your knees,
Holds the kantele with his hands,
He says the following words:
"Come here to listen,
Who hasn't heard it before
I will delight these eternal strings
Along with the kantele chant!”
But a storm of unprecedented force occurred and the kantele disappeared in the “depths of the sea.”
And Väinemöinen decided to make a second kantele - from Karelian birch.
Väinämöinen took the pegs and nails for the new kantele from the cuckoo that cuckooed “five tones.” But where can I get the strings? The strings were donated by the blacksmith Ilmarinen
Finally, “the kantele was ready.” The master tuned the instrument, took it on his lap and began to play.
M.R. performs "Cow Dance"
M.R. You listened to the music called “cow dance”, and it was written by the Karelian composer Sergei Stangrit.
M.R. I want to show you a cartoon, which, just like the music you listened to, is called Cow Dance.
(Watch the cartoon)
M.R. Did something happen to the sound? It doesn’t matter, we have musical instruments that will help us voice the cartoon.
Sunbeams - voice
Breeze - pipes
Weed - kinders
Cow – kantele and bars
Rain - keys
Well, what shall we try?
Early in the morning the sun woke up and gave its rays to everyone. (children ah-ah)
One of the rays woke up a mischievous breeze (blowing on pipes)
The breeze woke up the grass (kinders)
Then a cow came dancing into the clearing. (kantele + bars)
Suddenly a cloud flew into the sun. (blow on horns)
And the warm summer rain began (keys).
The wind got tired of getting wet in the rain, it blew even harder and drove the cloud out of the clearing. (blow on horns)
Ah, the cow moved on. (kantele + bars)
M.R. What a wonderful cartoon we got. So, what helped us voice it?
(musical instruments)
M.R. What tools have we met today? (answers)
We said hello with the help of our muses. tools, maybe they will help us say goodbye.
Song “Goodbye Hands” (Kartushina)
Music lesson notes
(preparatory group)
"In the world of musical instruments"
Summary of direct educational activities in music for children in the preparatory group.
Target:
Consolidation, formation and development musical abilities children, allowing them to apply the acquired knowledge in playing various children's musical instruments and in creative endeavors (necessary for learning to play musical instruments).
Tasks:
Educational:
Consolidate and systematize knowledge on the classification of musical instruments.
enrich vocabulary musical terms.
To develop the ability to identify musical instruments by sound; sing consistently and expressively, conveying the character of the song in singing.
Developmental:
Develop musical and creative abilities through various types musical activity.
Educational:
To develop communication skills, interest in musical instruments and the desire to play them.
Integration:
Physical culture.
Socialization.
Reading fiction.
Communication.
Equipment:
Multimedia installation for viewing slides.
Musical instruments: drum, rattle, spoons, tambourine, maracas, bell; homemade tools (boots - walkers).
Visual aid: tables - houses for placing pictures of musical instruments.
Children enter the music room.
E. Grieg's "Morning" from the suite "Peer Gynt" sounds
Musical director (greeting) Hello guys!
The children return the greeting.
Musical director. Guys, today we will go to unusual country. There is no such country on any of the geographical maps, but it exists where they love music. This is the Land of Musical Instruments. And we will go to this country in walking boots. Put them on quickly.
Children put on their feet “walking boots” made from Kinder Surprise.
Musical director. Well, are you ready to hit the road? Let's go!
Let's walk together in step,
A vigorous march will help us!
The “March” of music sounds. F. Nadenenko. (I part march)
Here we are running on our toes.
The “March” of music sounds. F. Nadenenko. (II hour running)
Musical director. Guys, here we are. Look how beautiful our country of musical instruments is. How many different musical instruments are there (we list them). They are all so different, but they can still be combined into four main groups. What are these groups called?
Children classify musical instruments into groups: drums, winds, strings, keyboards.
Musical director: Well done, guys! The musical instruments were preparing to meet you, but they were so excited and fussed that everyone got confused. Now you and I must help them find their houses. Shall we help?
The teacher shows the houses to the children.
Everyone on earth has a home.
It's good and fun and cozy in it.
The dog has a kennel, the fox has a hole,
The owl has a hollow, the robin has a nest.
Well, musical instruments live in these houses.
The first ones we will help will be percussion musical instruments, because they were the first to appear on Earth, and are the simplest and most unpretentious. The game “Musical Guess” will help us put them in place.
Game "Musical Guess"
The teacher asks children riddles about musical instruments.
Who in the orchestra will help you,
He can knock on a complex rhythm.
Any rhythm, from different countries.
Well, of course…………….(Drum)
The child who has guessed the riddle attaches a picture of a drum to a cell of the house table.
Musical director: In ancient times, the drum was made from the skins of animals obtained from hunting, and it was important in people's lives. They used it, for example, as a telephone in order to transmit information to long distances, or warn your neighbors who live very far away about the danger.
Wooden chips,
Knock a little.
You can slurp cabbage soup with them,
Or you can play “The Lady”. (Wooden spoons)
Children place a card with a picture of wooden spoons in a table cell.
The palm knocks on it,
Shakes freely.
And it rings and thunders.
It doesn't hurt him at all. (Tambourine)
Children place a card with a picture of a tambourine in a table cell.
Take me in your palms.
Wooden, mischievous. (Ratchet)
A card with a picture of a ratchet is placed in a table cell.
Musical director: The rattle not only sang along with the tambourine and spoons on folk holidays, but also protected the garden from pests. It crackled loudly in the wind and scared away crows and rooks.
Take it in your palm
A chime will be heard.
Ding-ding-ding, dong-dong-dong,
Whose is this ringing? (Bell)
A card with a picture of a bell is placed in the table.
He looks like a rattle
Only this is not a toy!.. (Maracas)
A card with a picture of a maracas is placed in a table cell.
Musical director: Guys, our percussion instruments are not only cheerful musicians, but also skilled storytellers. Let's tell our guests Russian together folk tale"Turnip".
Children use percussion instruments to voice the fairy tale “Turnip”.
Fairy tale "Turnip".
The “storyteller” (teacher or child) tells a fairy tale, and the children dramatize it.
Grandfather (walks heavily, limps) - drum, slow tempo, rhythmic pattern with pauses.
Grandmother (walks quickly and minces) - rattle, rhythmic pattern is calmer, moderate tempo.
Granddaughter (jopping) - tambourine, rhythmic pattern consists of eighths and quarters, fast tempo.
Bug (runs and barks loudly) - spoons.
Cat (takes its time and purrs) – maracas, rhythmic pattern with eighth notes, fast tempo.
Mouse (hurries and looks around) - bell, rhythmic pattern with eighth durations.
Musical director: Like this an interesting fairy tale We told you along with the tools. Guys, wind musical instruments have also prepared a game for you. The game is called "Guess who's singing?" First of all, let's remember what wind instruments we met in previous lessons?
Children list the wind instruments that they became acquainted with in previous lessons: flute, trumpet, saxophone, pity.
Musical director: Wind instruments They will take turns singing for you, and you must find out which instrument sang for you?
Game "Guess who's singing?"
The teacher gives the children to listen to phonograms of the sounds of various wind instruments. Children, having recognized this instrument, find a card with its image and fix it in a cell of the table - the house.
Musical director: Guys, look at our wonderful houses. Two are already occupied. The instruments were comfortably placed in their windows. This shows that you listened very carefully in previous lessons and you have many friends who are musical instruments.
An excerpt from Vivaldi's violin concerto is played.
Musical director:
Smooth bow movements
The strings make you tremble.
The motive sounds from afar,
Sings about a moonlit evening.
How clear the sounds are overflowing.
There is joy and a smile in them.
It sounds like a dreamy tune
Its name is violin!
It's time, guys, to talk about string instruments. String instruments have prepared colorful slides for us, telling us about their diversity.
Every violin has a bow.
He is a loyal, devoted friend.
When the violinist moves his bow
And the violin cries and sings.
“The harp is a magical instrument” -
Said the thoughtful poet.
As soon as the hands touch the strings -
And gentle sounds will flow.
Guitars sounds by the fire.
There is so much light and goodness in them.
Like my deepest friend,
Her melodious, gentle sound.
Under the gusli ringing tunes
Young men and maidens fell in love.
At weddings the harp was sung,
And the young were blessed
Louder than a balalaika
Not in the whole world.
She is originally Russian
Folk instrument.
They sang and danced to it
And they were sad and sighed
On holidays, the buffoons had fun with gasps
Musical director: Guys, only one house is left free. What group of instruments will we put in it?
Children answer: Keyboard instruments.
Musical director: The first place of honor should be taken by our good piano, which plays many musical works for us and is the main assistant at our holidays and classes.
A card with an image of a piano is placed in a table cell - a house.
Musical director: This instrument is also called a piano. If its name is translated into Russian, it will sound like “loud - quiet”. Inside keyboard instruments live hammers that strike taut strings and give birth to beautiful sounds of music that can tell about a beautiful morning and cold winter, about a kind grandmother's fairy tale and the evil Baba Yaga, about beautiful butterflies and wonderful flowers.
Musical director: Guys, what other keyboard instruments do you know?
Children's answers: Piano, accordion, synthesizer.
Cards depicting these instruments take their places in the table.
Musical director: Guys, we helped the musical instruments find their homes. I am sure that you will never forget such a beautiful country of musical instruments. We will definitely come back here again, but for now, before we go to kindergarten, we will give a gift to our friends - instruments. Let's sing a song for them, and our piano will help us.
The song “World of Music” is performed, words and music by E. V. Mashechkova.
Musical director: Let's say goodbye to our friends - the instruments. Close your eyes and count to 5
IN kindergarten again.
Musical director: Guys, did you like our trip?
Children talk about what they did in class and what they liked.
The music director says goodbye to de