Tsydypov Yaroslav

Many works have been created about exploits, about valor, about the glory of the defenders of the Fatherland. various types arts (literature, painting, music, folk art, cinema, theater). In this work, the student tried to trace how literature and music take different paths to create the image of the defender of the Fatherland and his glorification. The project was carried out for a republican competition of research and creative works students “New Facets of Musical Art” and was presented in the nomination: “Synthesis of Literature and Music”. The student took 2nd place with his work.

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Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Belarus

Municipal autonomous educational institution

"Average secondary school No. 43 Ulan-Ude"

Republican competition of research and creative works of students

"New Facets of Musical Art"

Nomination: “Synthesis of Literature and Music”

Topic: “The image of the defender of the Fatherland in music and literature”

6th grade student of secondary school No. 43

Head: Tsydypova Yu.V.

Ulan-Ude

2012

Introduction

Main part

§ 1 The image of the defender of the Fatherland in epics.

Chapter I I. The image of the defender of the Fatherland in music.

§ 1

§ 2. The image of the defender of the Fatherland in musical art during the Great Patriotic War.

§ 3 The image of the defender of the Fatherland in the soldiers' songs of Afghanistan and Chechnya.

Conclusion

List of used literature

Application

Introduction

The word “Fatherland” has the same root as the words “father”, “father’s house”, “father’s land”, “Fatherland”. This means that the Fatherland is our Motherland, the country in which we live. And the one who defends our Motherland is the defender of the Fatherland.

Many works have been created in various forms of art (literature, painting, music, folk art, cinema, theater) about the exploits, about valor, about the glory of the defenders of the Fatherland. They glorify the greatness and beauty, strength and power, nobility, kindness and spiritual wealth of the Russian person. Ancient epics have survived to this day, praising the courage of Russian knights and heroes, cantatas of the Peter the Great era, battles, historical paintings artists of the 19th-20th centuries, soldiers' songs that instilled in soldiers confidence in their abilities and hope for success in battles.

Russian composers, artists, writers and poets constantly turn to the theme of defending the Motherland in their work. The images of Ivan Susanin, Alexander Nevsky, heroes of the Patriotic War of 1812, the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 are vividly and truthfully depicted in various works of art. Thus, the defender of the Fatherland is one of the main images in art. All of the above proves the relevance of our work.

What kind of defender of the Fatherland is he? What image of a defender has been created, captured in the art of words and in fine arts? Getting acquainted with the image of the defender of the Fatherland through various types of arts becamethe purpose of my work.

The following were supplied tasks : get to know various works, in which the hero is a defender of the fatherland; show how music, fine art and literature take different paths to create the image of a defender of the Fatherland.

Object research of my work became the image of a defender of the Fatherland, and subject – study of the image of the protector in musical, literary and visual works.

When writing the work, I studied a lot of literature: monographs, magazine articles, works of music, literature and painting, and used Internet resources.

In my opinion, our work will be interesting to a wide circle readers.

Chapter I. The image of the defender of the Fatherland in literature.

§ 1 The image of the defender of the Fatherland in epics.

Who does not respect his kinship,

he humiliates himself.

And who is ashamed of his ancestors,

he will be put to shame through this.

Centuries, replacing each other, go by

Heroes live in ancient epics.

More than once they defended Rus' from enemies,

They shed their blood more than once for their land.

Since then, many generations have changed,

But the memory of them was preserved in Rus'.

What kind of Russian hero is he? How is he depicted in verbal folk art (epics)?

Ozhegov’s dictionary gives the following definition: “A hero is a hero of Russian epics who performs military feats.”

The main characters of the epics are heroes - brave and noble warriors who fight with mythical monsters, and with the enemies of his country. Most of the epics are dedicated to three heroes - Ilya Muromets, Alyosha Popovich, Dobrynya Nikitich.

Glorifying the heroes, the defenders of the Motherland, the epics called for feats for the glory of the Fatherland, raised the spirit of the people in difficult years for the country, and instilled courage in people. And the famous hero, Ilya Muromets, whom the Russian army considers its patron, is the personification of all the best in the Russian people: enormous physical strength is combined in him with even greater internal strength and the greatness of his spirit, an unwillingness to kill, but only to defend and protect the Russian land. Such a hero can unite everyone living in Russia, everyone who loves their country.

This is what the epic “Ilya Muromets and Idolishche” says about Ilya: “A great misfortune has approached Kyiv-grad: the Basurman army, the army of the Tatar Khan Idolishche, has approached it. Idolishche heard that the hero Ilya Muromets was not in Kyiv - and he became bolder. He called a scribe and ordered Prince Vladimir to write a letter:

“Get out, prince, from your choir. I'm going to Kyiv. I will take the city, destroy the churches, and send you to the kitchen. Will you cook dinner for me? As I wrote, so I did. Idolishche attacked Kyiv, occupied the princely chambers, and sent Prince Vladimir to work in the kitchen. Vladimir cries, but cannot fight the Idol: without the heroes he has no strength of his own.

And Ilya Muromets lives in his parents’ house. He sensed from afar that trouble had befallen Kiev. He mounted his good horse and went to see if his native land needed his help...”

The image of a Russian epic hero captured not only in the art of words, but also in the visual arts. The artist V.M. Vasnetsov painted a picture, which he called simply and briefly “Bogatyrs”. It was no coincidence that the artist depicted exactly three heroes. The number three, in ancient times, had the meaning of plurality. The three heroes represent the entire people who stand guard over the Motherland. (see Appendix).

§ 2 The image of the defender of the Fatherland in “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign.”

In the spring of 1185, a small army of the Novgorod-Seversk prince Igor Svyatoslavich and his few allies moved in the vast, endless wild steppe. “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” names the following reason: Prince Igor “led his brave regiments to the Polovtsian land for the Russian land.” (see Appendix)

The image of the defender of the Motherland in “The Lay...” has several guises. Essentially all men bred as characters of this heroic poem (Vsevolod, Igor, Svyatoslav, the author) are defenders of Rus' and patriots. But they understand their tasks differently.

Vsevolod , the brother of Prince Igor, who took part in the campaign and supported his brother, is not accidentally called “buitur” in the poem. He believes that defending his homeland is his duty and the duty of any Russian prince. Feats of arms are his element, he is a real defender of his Motherland, physically strong, strong-willed and the consciousness of his rightness: after all, he is always ready to fight on the side of his family against the hated Polovtsians: “Saddle, brother, your greyhound horses - mine have been standing ready for a long time at Kursk.” His squad, which he cares about and is very proud of, matches him: “And my Kuryans are an experienced squad... they themselves gallop like gray wolves in the field, seeking honor for myself, and glory for the prince.” He good warrior, true defender of the Russian land. Wherever he gallops in battle, “the filthy Polovtsian heads lie there.” He dies as a true warrior and defender of his land - in battle, under the onslaught of the Polovtsian hordes: “Here the brothers were separated on the shore of the fast Kayala...”

The initiator of the campaign against the Polovtsians, PrinceIgor Svyatoslavichdepicted slightly differently. He understands his duty as a defender not only in the literal physical sense - with a sword in his hands to defend his lands from enemies, but also in a more general way. You can secure Rus' from raids not only by protecting your home and principality from enemies, but also by winning a victory in a “wild field”, far from home, so that the Polovtsians not only hate, but also fear the Russians. This image is depicted in the poem as a defender of the entire Russian land.

Leading his regiments to the Polovtsian land for the Russian land, Igor, unlike his brother, no longer thinks about a good fight, but thinks more generally when he says to his squad: “It is better to fall in battle than to completely surrender.” But it was he, wounded in the arm, who was destined to be captured and escape from there; it was his return that the entire Russian land would welcome: “Countries are happy, cities are cheerful.” In addition to the qualities of a defender of the Motherland and a brave warrior, he is shown in the work as a person with a strong will and national pride.

A different view on the protection of Russian land from the very author works. Talking about the grief that befell the Russian land after the death of Vsevolod and the capture of Igor, showing the results of the battle in which “there was not enough blood wine; here the brave Russians ended the feast: they gave the matchmakers drink, and they themselves died for the Russian land,” he mourns along with all people and nature: “The grass will droop from pity, the trees in grief bowed to the ground.” But realistically assessing the events that happened in 1185, speaking about the nobility of Igor, who did not leave his brother to die and, according to the chronicle, ordered his squad to dismount so that the “black people” who came with him, that is, the peasants, fought on equal terms with his warriors conditions, the author places the blame for what happened on Prince Igor and his relatives, believes that their attempts to stand out and seek glory for themselves cost dearly to the Motherland, which the princes must defend: “And the princes forge sedition on themselves, and the filthy ones raid Russian soil with victories , taking tribute per squirrel from the yard.” Here it is, look true patriot, Defender of the Fatherland, unclouded by any property or dynastic strife!

The oldest and wisest defender of the Russian state Svyatoslav believes that the Polovtsians are not as terrible for Rus' as the willfulness of the princes and feudal civil strife, which tore the Russian land into weak and defenseless pieces, easy prey for everyone who wants to expand their lands and fill their wallets at Russian expense. Addressing by name all his children and relatives, the Prince of Kiev exclaims, following the author of “The Lay...”: “With your sedition, you began to bring filth to the Russian land, to the property of Vseslavovo. Because of the strife, there was violence from the Polovtsian land.” He demands from all these people that they remember the previous deeds of their ancestors in protecting the Russian principalities, that they be worthy of the glory of their fathers, so that the Russian people really feel under reliable protection and could sincerely proclaim “glory” to the princes, which, according to tradition, ends the text of the “Words...”: “Hello princes and squad, having suffered for the Christians on the filthy regiments.”

§ 3 The image of the defender of the Fatherland in A.T. Tvardovsky’s poem “Vasily Terkin”.

A.T. Tvardovsky throughout the Great Patriotic War he worked in the front-line press, and throughout the entire war period his most outstanding and popularly beloved poem was created"Vasily Terkin" (1941 – 1945).

During the war with the Nazis, the image of a simple soldier Vasily Terkin acquires deeper content and the scope of artistic generalization to the image of a defender of the Fatherland.

The reader's first acquaintance with the hero occurs in the chapter "At a halt." Already here we see Terkin as a sociable person, an interesting storyteller, an experienced “warrior” who is “one of our own” in the regiment.

The second chapter, “Before the Battle,” which describes the period of retreat of the Russian army, reveals such qualities of Tvardovsky’s hero as cheerfulness, fortitude, and unshakable confidence in victory:

The soldiers followed us,

Leaving the captive region.

I'll have one political conversation

Repeated:

- Don't be sad.

Let's not go too far, let's break through

We will live - we will not die,

The time will come, we'll come back,

What we gave, we will return everything.

The third chapter of the poem “Crossing” demonstrates the courage and heroism of Terkin, who crosses the river to convey an important report to the commander. We see the hero adequately overcoming difficulties, not losing his presence of mind in a moment of danger, philosophically perceiving the possibility of death:

Crossing, crossing!

Left bank, right bank.

The snow is rough, the edge of ice...

To whom is memory, to whom is glory,

Who wants dark water?

No sign, no trace.

Subsequent chapters add individual touches to the image. We note resilience, heroism, love of life (“Terkin is wounded,” “Death and the Warrior”), we see restraint, modesty (“About the Reward”), resourcefulness (“Who Shot?”), the ability to have fun and rejoice (“Harmon” ). So, we see that the main character of the poem is a simple Russian man, an ordinary soldier, a true defender of his Motherland, whose courage, fortitude, mental alertness and sparkling sense of humor cannot but arouse the sympathy of the reader. This explains the enormous popularity among the people of the image of Vasily Terkin.

Chapter I I The image of the defender of the Fatherland in music.

§ 1 The image of the defender of the Patronymic in Russian classical music.

Not only the lives of holy warriors, chronicles, epics, poetry, icons, but also works of Russian musical culture tell about the exploits of the defenders of the Fatherland. So famous Russian composer S.S. Prokofiev wrote piece of music- cantata"Alexander Nevsky".It tells the story of the battle of the Russian people under the leadership of the Grand Duke through music and poetry.

Get up, Russian people,

To the death, the last battle!

Native in Rus', big in Rus'

No enemy!

Get up, get up,

Dear Mother Rus'!

“Life for the Tsar” (“Ivan Susanin”)- opera by M.I. Glinka in 4 acts with an epilogue. The opera tells about the events of 1612 associated with the campaign of the Polish gentry against Moscow. The feat of the peasant Ivan Susanin, who led an enemy detachment of Poles into an impenetrable thicket and died with them, was often used by writers. In 1815 in St. Petersburg Bolshoi Theater The premiere of Katerino Kavos's opera “Ivan Susanin” took place. The author of the libretto was Alexander Shakhovskoy. The opera was written in the style of the French "opera comic" - the dialogues took up almost as much space as the music. In it, Susanin remained alive.

More than two decades later, Glinka took up the same plot, striving to create a Russian national opera. According to the recollections of the composer's friends, back in 1832 he set out detailed plan five-act patriotic opera, played the melodies of future arias and ensembles. Glinka intended to write an opera based on the story “Maryina Roshcha” by Vasily Zhukovsky, but the poet proposed a different theme - the theme of the feat of the Kostroma peasant Ivan Susanin.

Thus, in Russian classical music there are many patriotic works that reveal the image of the defender of the Fatherland from different sides

§ 2. The image of the defender of the Fatherland in musical art during the Great Patriotic War.

During the Great Patriotic War, interest in real art did not wane. Dramatic and musical theaters, philharmonic societies and concert groups contributed to the common cause of fighting the enemy. Front-line theaters and concert brigades were extremely popular. Risking their lives, these people proved with their performances that the beauty of art is alive and cannot be killed. These people, by their example, inspired soldiers to heroic deeds.

But the very image of the Russian soldier - the defender of the Motherland - did not go unnoticed. Nice song has always been a faithful assistant to a fighter. He rested with a song in the short hours of calm, remembering his family and friends. Many front-line soldiers still remember the battered trench gramophone, on which they listened to their favorite songs to the accompaniment of artillery cannonade. A participant in the Great Patriotic War, writer Yuri Yakovlev writes: “When I hear a song about a blue handkerchief, I am immediately transported to a cramped front-line dugout. We are sitting on the bunks, the meager light of the smokehouse is flickering, the wood is crackling in the stove, and there is a gramophone on the table. And the song sounds, so dear, so understandable and so tightly fused with dramatic days war. “A modest blue handkerchief fell from drooping shoulders...”

The history of the creation of one of the most interesting famous songs Great Patriotic War. On June 24, 1941, the newspapers Izvestia and Krasnaya Zvezda published a poemV. I. Lebedeva-Kumacha, which began with the words: “Get up, huge country, get up for mortal combat...”

The poem was read in the newspaper by the head of the Red Banner Song and Dance Ensemble of the Red Army, A. V. Alexandrov. It made such a strong impression on him that he immediately sat down at the piano. The next day, coming to rehearsal, the composer announced:

– We’ll learn a new song –« Holy War» .

He wrote the words and notes of the song with chalk on a slate board - there was no time to type! - and the singers and musicians copied them into their notebooks. Another day for rehearsal with the orchestra, and in the evening - the premiere at the Belorussky railway station, the junction point from which in those days combat echelons departed for the front.

Immediately after an intense rehearsal, the ensemble group went to the Belorussky railway station to perform for the soldiers leaving for the front line. From the very first bars, the song captured the fighters. And when the second verse sounded, there was absolute silence in the hall. Everyone stood up, as if during the anthem. Tears are visible on the stern faces, and this excitement is transmitted to the performers. They all also have tears in their eyes... The song died down, but the fighters demanded a repetition. Again and again - five times in a row! – the ensemble sang “Holy War”.

Thus began the path of song, glorious and long haul. From that day on, “Holy War” was adopted by our army and all the people, and became the musical emblem of the Great Patriotic War. It was sung everywhere - at the forefront, in partisan detachments, in the rear, where weapons for victory were forged. Every morning after the striking of the Kremlin chimes, it sounded on the radio.

Everyone knows the song“In the dugout” (music by K. Listov, lyrics by A. Surkov), but not everyone knows how it appeared.. In the beginning there were poems that the author did not intend to publish and certainly did not expect that they would become a song. “These were sixteen “homely” lines from a letter to my wife Sofya Antonovna,” recalled Alexey Aleksandrovich Surkov, “I wrote it at the end of November, or rather, the 27th, after a heavy battle near Istra.” That’s how they would have remained in the poet’s home archive, if the composer Konstantin Listov, who desperately needed “something to write a song for,” didn’t come to the editorial office of the front-line newspaper “Krasnoarmeyskaya Pravda,” And here I was, fortunately. I remembered the poems I had written home, found them in my notebook and, having copied them completely, gave them to Liszt, being sure that... a song would not come out of this absolutely lyrical poem...

But a week later the composer appeared again in our editorial office and sang his song “In the Dugout” with a guitar. Everyone thought that the song “came out”. After publication in “ Komsomolskaya Pravda” poems and melodic lines, the song was picked up and sung everywhere, despite the fact that it was not published anywhere else and at one time was even banned. “To some guardians of soldier’s morality,” Surkov noted on this occasion, “it seemed that the lines “it’s not easy for me to reach you, but there are four steps to death” are decadent and disarming. They asked and even demanded that the death story be crossed out or moved further away from the trench. But it was too late to spoil the song...”

And now, four and a half decades later, this song continues to excite people’s hearts and remains an ageless hymn of love and loyalty to soldier’s duty.

Biography of "Katyusha" (lyrics by M. Isakovsky, music by M. Blanter)– the veteran song – is continued by life itself, having written many memorable pages into it. It gained particular popularity during the Great Patriotic War. The song became not only an event in musical life, but also peculiar social phenomenon. Millions of people perceived the heroine of the song as a real girl who loves a fighter and is waiting for an answer. They wrote letters to her.

The fighters, imitating “Katyusha,” sang in their own way words that were not entirely perfect, but came from the bottom of their hearts, and they dedicated them in her image to their beloved girl, their dream and hope. An unknown soldier asked Katyusha, as if she were next to him: “If a stray bullet suddenly hits you on the far side, don’t be sad, then, my dear, tell the whole truth about me.” These simple words of front-line folklore are touching, and today, decades later, they cannot be read without emotion.

It is clear that in war there is no time for rest, but there are outlets in the series of harsh soldier’s everyday life. In the Russian army, one of these outlets has always been song. A song about home, a song about a soldier, a song about a beloved, a song about the Motherland.

§ 3 The image of the defender of the Fatherland in soldiers’ songs of Afghanistan and Chechnya.

In the second half of the 20th century, tragic pages again appeared in the history of our country - military operations in Afghanistan. Our army helped the friendly regime of this country with its military forces, the blood and sweat of its soldiers, maintaining peace.

The war in Afghanistan has claimed many lives good people. Some of them had just begun to live and did not have time to take the first step in their lives, while for others death forever blocked the path to their career. Even if one of them did not even have time to fire his first shot, he will still remain a hero and will never die in the memory of his friends and fellow soldiers. Many songs have been written about the war in Afghanistan; they carry the memory of the tragic days of the ten-year war. The memory of friends, brothers, fathers remained forever in Afghan songs.

In the 90s, after the collapse of the Soviet state, interethnic conflicts began on the territory of our country, including on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

The soldier's song helped our guys not to lose heart and supported them during military operations. The image of the defender of the Motherland - a young soldier - is forever captured in songs about the Chechen War.

Conclusion

An increased interest in the Motherland and the problem of its defense arises among writers, artists, and musicians in connection with military events of our time or memorable dates of the heroic past. IN human history With varying degrees of frequency, wars happened, unfortunately, all the time: aggressive, liberating, just and unjust. Military actions are certainly associated with manifestations of courage, heroism, bravery and courage. Defense of the Fatherland and peacetime - main view human activities military profession. When protecting the peace of one's fellow citizens, situations often arise when one has to sacrifice oneself and commit heroic deeds. Art strives to reflect these features of the defenders of the Fatherland.

The theme of the defender of the Fatherland is reflected in almost all types of art: in music and sculpture, in literature and fine arts, in theater and cinema.

Having analyzed some musical and literary works, paintings by artists, I came to the conclusion that works in which the main character is a soldier - the defender of the Fatherland, glorify the greatness and beauty, strength and power, nobility, kindness and spiritual wealth of the Russian soldier.

Literature

1. Biryukov, Yu. E. Songs born in battles / Yu. E. Biryukov. - M.: Music, 1985
2. Great Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius. Windows DVD-2006
3. Vainkop Yu. Kratky biographical dictionary composers. L. “Music” 1987
4. Puzitsky V. Native history. Saratov "Children's book" 1994
5. Sergeeva G., Kritskaya E. Music. Textbook for 5th grade. M. 2003
6. A word about music. Reader M. 1990
7. Terekhov V. Alexander Nevsky. M. 1990
8. Tkachenko P.I. When soldiers sing: Modern amateur song creativity of Soviet soldiers fulfilling their international duty in Afghanistan / P. I. Tkachenko. - M.: Young Guard, 1987.

Application

V.M. Vasnetsov “Bogatyrs” (1898)

Still life "The Tale of Igor's Campaign". Arsenyuk Yuri. Bilibin I.Ya. Illustration for "The Tale of Igor's Campaign"

I.I. Golikov Design of the illustration for “The Word...”

Vasily Terkin is a national hero.

In what works of Russian literature are images of defenders of the Fatherland created and in what ways can these works be compared with the given poem?

Tell me, uncle, it’s not for nothing

Moscow, burned by fire,
Given to the Frenchman?
After all, there were battles,
Yes, they say, even more!
No wonder all of Russia remembers
About Borodin Day!

Yes, there were people in our time
Not like the current tribe:
The heroes are not you!
They got a bad lot:
Few returned from the field...
If it weren't God's will,
They wouldn't give up Moscow!

We retreated silently for a long time,
It was a shame, we were waiting for a fight,
The old people grumbled:
“What are we? for winter apartments?
Don't you dare, commanders?
Aliens tear up their uniforms
About Russian bayonets?

And then we found a large field:
There is somewhere to go for a walk in the wild!
They built a redoubt.
Our ears are on top!
A little morning the guns lit up
And the forests have blue tops -
The French are right there.

I jammed the charge into the gun tightly
And I thought: I’ll treat my friend!
Wait a minute, brother monsieur!
What is there to be cunning about, perhaps for a fight;
We'll go and break the wall,
Let's stand with our heads
For your homeland!

We were in a firefight for two days.
What's the use of such a trifle?
We waited for the third day.
Speeches began to be heard everywhere:
“Time to get to the buckshot!”
And here on the field of a terrible battle
The shadow of the night fell.

I lay down to take a nap by the gun carriage,
And it was heard until dawn,
How the Frenchman rejoiced.
But our open bivouac was quiet:
Who cleaned the shako, all battered,
Who sharpened the bayonet, grumbling angrily,
Biting a long mustache.

And only the sky lit up,
Everything suddenly began to move noisily,
The formation flashed behind the formation.
Our colonel was born with a grip:
Servant to the king, father to the soldiers...
Yes, I feel sorry for him: he was struck down by damask steel,
He sleeps in damp ground.

And he said, his eyes sparkling:
"Guys! Isn't Moscow behind us?
We'll die near Moscow,
How our brothers died!
And we promised to die
And they kept the oath of allegiance
We are at the Battle of Borodino.

Well, it was a day! Through the flying smoke
The French moved like clouds
And everything is at our redoubt.
Lancers with colorful badges,
Dragoons with ponytails
Everyone flashed before us,
Everyone has been here.

You will never see such battles!..
Banners were worn like shadows,
The fire sparkled in the smoke,
Damask steel sounded, buckshot squealed,
The soldiers' hands are tired of stabbing,
And prevented the cannonballs from flying
A mountain of bloody bodies.

The enemy experienced a lot that day,
What does Russian fighting mean?
Our hand-to-hand combat!..
The earth shook - like our breasts,
Horses and people mixed together,
And volleys of a thousand guns
Merged into a long howl...

It's getting dark. Everyone was ready
Start a new fight tomorrow morning
And stand until the end...
The drums began to crack -
And the Busurmans retreated.
Then we began to count the wounds,
Count comrades.

Yes, there were people in our time
Mighty, dashing tribe:
The heroes are not you.
They got a bad lot:
Few returned from the field.
If it weren't for God's will,

They wouldn't give up Moscow!

Show full text

The story “Sotnikov” by V. Bykov presents the image of a true defender of the Fatherland. Main character works goes on a mission despite illness. Then, when he and his comrade Rybak are captured, Sotnikov dies, but does not succumb to the invaders. The heroism of a soldier is manifested in his endurance and desire to resist, even being imprisoned. The antagonist of the hero is the cowardly Fisherman, who agrees to cooperate with the Germans in order to stay alive.
This work comparable to the poem “Borodino” by M.Yu. Lermontov in the depiction of real heroes. The authors agree on the idea of ​​the defenders of the Fatherland and believe that they should

Criteria

• 2 of 2 K1 Comparison of the first selected work with the proposed text
• 2 of 2 K2 Comparison of the second selected work with the proposed text
• 3 of 4 K3 Using the text of a work for argumentation
• 1 of 2 K4 Logicality and compliance with speech norms
• TOTAL: 8 out of 10

Roman Borisovich Shchetinin

test

Conclusion

In harsh times, during the war years, the song became a powerful weapon, an integral part of life at the front and in the rear, calling for battle for the Motherland and receiving a response in the hearts of every person. There are so many wonderful, unforgettable songs! They reflected both the tragic and happy pages of the heroic years, and preserved for future generations the legendary courage and spiritual courage, optimism and great humanity of the soldiers.

Classical music XIX and the 20th century is inseparable from the life of the people, their history. Large-scale vocal works: the operas “Ivan Susanin”, “Prince Igor”, “War and Peace” reflect heroic deeds. The emotional impact of the works of Russian composers, who have always been characterized by love for the Motherland, for the people, when depicting themes of state building, political unification or the heroic struggle against foreign enslavers, is great.

The instrumental works embodied sorrowful experiences, thoughts, and faith in the boundlessness of the spiritual powers of the people, intransigence, and rejection of evil. Thanks to this, our ancestors become closer and more understandable to us, who, in a cruel, tragic struggle, preserved that very sacred thing that we now call the Motherland.

In conclusion of my work, I would like to emphasize that heroic-patriotic education finds a solid foundation in everything that is connected in art with the theme of the Motherland, with love for our native land, for everything that is dear to us, what we preach, what we stand on, what and how we defend and support the ideas of freedom, justice and the triumph of peace. This approach can serve as a true compass for the teacher in his educational and educational work with children on the noble and grateful material of heroic and patriotic music.

About all this in poetic and musical form It is beautifully said in the song by V. Basner to the verses of M. Matusovsky “Where does the Motherland begin?.”

Where does the Motherland begin? From the picture in your primer, From good and faithful comrades who live in the neighboring yard.

Or maybe it begins with the song that our mother sang to us.

Since no one can take it away from us in any trials...

The world of feelings and thoughts is diverse, the historical events depicted in this music are diverse, the means musical expressiveness. The main thing has always remained one thing: love for the native land, for the native Russian people.

Information sources

1. Vaidman P.E. Tchaikovsky. Life and work of the Russian composer [Electronic resource]. - http://www.tchaikov.ru/1812.html

2. Heroics in Russian and Soviet music[Text]. - L.S. Tretyakov. - M.: Knowledge, 1985.

3. Heroics in the works of Russian composers [Electronic resource]. - http://festival.1september.ru/articles/514453/

4. Mikheeva L. Borodin. Second Symphony ("Bogatyrskaya") [Electronic resource]. - http://www.belcanto.ru/s_borodin_2.html

5. Music from the Great Times Patriotic War[Electronic resource]. - http://www.otvoyna.ru/pesni. htm

6. Prokhorova I., Skudina G. Musical culture Soviet period. For children's grade VII music school[Text]. - M.: Music, 2003.

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Application

"Three Tankers"

Music by Dm. And Dan. Pokrassov words by B. Laskin

On the border the clouds move gloomily,

The harsh land is enveloped in silence.

On the high banks of the Amur

The sentries of the Motherland are standing.

There a strong barrier has been put up for the enemy,

Standing there, brave and strong -

At the borders of the Far Eastern land

Armored Shock Battalion.

They live there - and the song is a guarantee -

An unbreakable strong family

The crew of the combat vehicle.

The dew lay thick on the grass,

The fogs are widespread,

That night the enemy flocks decided

Cross the border by the river.

But intelligence reported accurately -

And he went, carried away by the team,

In the native land of the Far East

Armored Shock Battalion.

Tanks rushed, raising the wind,

A formidable armor was advancing.

And the enemy flocks flew to the ground

Under the pressure of steel and fire.

And they finished off - the song is a guarantee -

All enemies in fire attack

Three tankmen - three merry friends -

The crew of the vehicle is fighting!

Music by M. Blanter Poems by M. Isakovsky

Apple and pear trees bloomed,

Fogs floated over the river.

Katyusha came ashore

On a high bank, on a steep one.

She went out and started a song

About the steppe gray eagle,

About the one I loved

About the one whose letters I was saving.

Oh, you song, a girl's song,

You fly after the clear sun

And to the fighter on the far border

Say hello from Katyusha.

Let him remember a simple girl,

Let him hear her sing

Let him take care of his native land,

And Katyusha will save love.

Apple and pear trees bloomed,

Fogs floated over the river.

Katyusha came ashore,

On a high bank, on a steep one.

Not only Lermontov creates images of the heroes of the Motherland in his work, but also Tvardovsky in his poem Vasily Terkin. He described the heroism, courage and great love for the homeland of the defending soldier. The image of Vasily Terkin in the poem is collective; it unites all the features of a Soviet soldier. Like the heroes of Borodino, Tyorkin performs a selfless feat for his country: risking his life, he delivers an important report to the command. The poet shows that all feats are performed by the simplest Russian soldiers, once again proving the idea of ​​the strength of the Russian character.

Images of defenders of the fatherland are also found in the work ancient Russian literature- "The Tale of Igor's Campaign." This is a detailed historical account of the campaign against the Polovtsians by Novgorod-Seversky Prince Igor and three other princes: his brother Vsevolod of Kursk, Igor’s son Vladimir Putivlsky, and nephew Svyatoslav Rylsky.

The campaign of the princes was an attempt to repel the onslaught of the enemy, while other princes were absorbed in civil strife. In this, Igor and Vsevolod were continuers of the work of their father, who repeatedly tamed the Polovtsian uprisings.

The campaign of the Grand Duke and his squad shows in the best possible way the love for his native land and his people, for whose sake the wars rebelled against foreign enemies. This work once again confirms that the Russian spirit is unshakable before the enemy - even after captivity, Igor does not take the side of the enemy, but escapes and returns to native land. The work ends with the glory of the Russian valiant wars.

The strength of unity of the people is no less important. The author of “The Lay” managed to combine lamentation and glory in the work: reproach for recklessness and admiration for the courage of the defenders of the Russian land, approval of heroism and doubt that victory can be achieved in a disunited state.

Updated: 2019-01-19

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• How is the theme of generations resolved in M.Yu. Lermontov’s poem “Borodino”? / In what works of Russian literature are images of defenders of the Fatherland created and in what ways can these works be compared with the given poem?