Even in drafts, I read it chapter by chapter to my friends - writers, literary critics, close friends. “It’s a capital thing,” the recognized literary master I. S. Turgenev said about the novel. Goncharov is a realist writer, and that means his novel is about real life, about the thoughts and ideas that worried his contemporaries, about the feelings and emotions that enveloped them.
What interested the Russian intelligentsia most in the second half of the 20th century? Of course, thoughts about Russia! What development path will the country choose?
The society was dominated by two main theories of development - Westernism and Slavophilism, which were fundamentally different from each other. If Westerners called for taking the example of “educated Europe” in everything, then the Slavophiles © A L L S o c h. r u were looking for the truth of life in the old days, patriarchy, and communal way of life. Who is right - only time could answer. In the novel, the bearers of the main ideas are the two main St. Petersburg nobles - Ilya Oblomov and Andrei Stolts.
They are different, absolutely dissimilar in everything - from appearance to attitude to life. It is probably no coincidence that Goncharov applied the well-known principle “ speaking names”, after all, “oblom” in Rus' meant not only the largest shaft in the harness, but also a large, clumsy person, and the word “stolz” translated from German means “proud.” The novel is openly built on the principle of opposition.
To find his “truth of life,” Goncharov takes his main characters through the same trials of life, and scrupulously studies their reactions and behavior. Of course, Oblomov and Stolz also have common features, for example, they are about the same age, they grew up together, and studied together in the boarding house that Stolz’s father maintained. Both of them served for some time, but various reasons resigned.
Finally, both Oblomov and Stolz were in love with Olga Ilyinskaya. But the differences between these characters are undoubtedly much greater. The first thing that catches your eye is, of course, the appearance. OGblom is a plump, pampered man with matte, snow-white skin, while Stolz, on the contrary, “is all made up of bones, muscles and nerves.
He is thin...no sign of fatty roundness. The complexion is even, darkish and no blush.” Already from their appearance one can determine the type of their occupation and life.
Plump, sedentary Oblomov reclines on the sofa all day long and “draws the pattern of life,” dreams, makes plans, and quarrels with his servant Zakhar along the way. Stolz leads an active lifestyle, attends social events, and travels a lot. He strives for constant replenishment of knowledge and business connections. The roots of this behavior are in the childhood of both characters. Oblomov's parents, small-scale Russian nobles, spent their entire life in the village of Oblomovka.
They raised their son Ilyusha there in greenhouse conditions. Since childhood, Oblomov was surrounded by love and affection, “his mother showered him with passionate kisses, looked with greedy, caring eyes to see if his eyes were cloudy. Does anything hurt..." Little Ilya was not allowed to go anywhere without a nanny; they were afraid that he would run away somewhere, get lost, or climb into a notorious ravine.
The child does not see or know anything except his “little homeland,” and is ready to spend his life here – in the patriarchal Russian paradise. Actually, all of my later life Oblomov dreams of only one thing - to return to Oblomovka, dear to his heart, where it is so good and peaceful, and not alone, but with his beloved wife. Someone must replace his mother and nanny in caring for Ilyusha. That’s not how things went for Andrei Stolz. His character was influenced by the active situation in the family.
WITH early years he was used to working; his father encouraged such zeal for studies and crafts. Andrey “from the age of eight sat with his father for geographical map, parsed by syllables Herder, Wieland...” The boys studied together at the boarding house, but their attitudes to learning were also different. Andrey studies with pleasure, greedily absorbs knowledge, always does extra work, reads many books beyond the given limit.
Ilya approaches his studies humbly, considering it a punishment “sent down from heaven for our sins.” He frankly doesn’t understand why he needs to teach and fill his head with all sorts of algebras and Latins, unknown and unnecessary to anyone in Oblomovka. For Stolz, studying is another step up, but for Oblomov, it’s an unpleasant duty - done and forgotten. The main characters devoted some time public service, and soon retired. Oblomov’s service strained him, forced him to somehow live and act, and it was decisive actions that Ilya Ilyich diligently avoided all his life.
He runs his farm this way, or rather, not at all. He doesn't care about anything, even how much money he has in his pocket. Oblomov enjoys only leisurely dreaming of what amazing paradise he will build in Oblomovka, and in this paradise and will live without being interested in anything, without worrying about anything, happily and serenely. Stolz was constrained by the bureaucratic service. He quickly learned the essence of the service, acquired the necessary connections and acquaintances, and retired in order to finally make good use of all the luggage accumulated in his childhood and youth.
“You have to arrange yourself and even change your nature,” he says. Stolz lives to work, and everything that does not correspond to him life ideals, he calls poisonous words “Oblomovism”. Stolz and Oblomov have been connected since childhood, but they relate to it differently. Andrey always strives to stir up Ilya, make him act, want something, achieve something.
Oblomov frankly dislikes such a life, because it is “a daily empty shuffling of days, an eternal running around in starts, an eternal game of trashy passions, interrupting each other’s paths, looking from head to toe.” Stolz’s response arguments are very unconvincing: “Something must occupy the world and society. Everyone has their own interests.
That’s what life is for.” Oblomov must be a kind of measure of life for Stolz. He constantly compares himself with him, trying to prove the superiority of his own life.
In fact, one is constantly doing something, spinning, spinning, gaining and losing, while the other just lies on the couch - and is happy with it. But Stolz also wants life, and is trying to prove to everyone that the path of creative creation gives more happiness than the path of passive perception. In order to somehow stir up Oblomov, Stolz resorts to this potent drug, like love, introduces Ilya to Olga Ilyinskaya. But even here Oblomov is firm in his life beliefs and does not want to change anything.
He allows Olga to love himself, treating her also with love, but as a nanny and mother. He is incapable of action, he only accepts advances. Olga commits unacceptable violations of decency, comes to Oblomov herself and alone, but this only scares Ilya Ilyich. Love for Olga develops into fear of Olga, and when they part, she cries, and he sighs with relief.
Stolz, having previously treated Olga with playful frivolity, is surprised to discover how morally the woman has grown, having extricated herself from the sticky snares of “Oblomovism.” A woman with such fortitude is capable of becoming a true friend in life for Stolz. It was as if he saw her anew, and when he saw her, he fell in love with her, and when he fell in love, he achieved it, throwing all his perseverance into achieving the goal. They deserve each other and they happy life married - the best for that confirmation. And the children of Stolz and Ilyinskaya will be like them, because they have so much to do in life.
Father restored Oblomova, and they have to equip all of Russia. Actually, with the ending of his novel, Goncharov, at least for himself and his reader, drew a line in the dispute between Westerners and Slavophiles. Yes, Oblomov is a pleasant person, highly moral, who does not wish harm to anyone, but he is inactive, lacking initiative, weak-willed and therefore doomed.
The death of Ilya Ilyich from a stroke is a natural result of his whole life; a weakened brain, swollen with fat, is not able to protect even itself. And in Russia the Stolts are born and dominate. They may be unpleasant and viewed with caution, but they are strong, proud and resilient.
The future is behind them. Although the immense Russian womb of Oblomovism is capable of absorbing and digesting more than one million militant, life-hardened Stolts. So, life goes on. And the eternal dispute too.
These are all dead people. Sleeping people
worse than me, these members of society and society!
I. Goncharov. Oblomov
Goncharov’s creative individuality manifested itself in all the works he wrote, but it flared up with particular force in the novel “Oblomov”: “...I wrote only what I experienced, what I thought, what I felt, what I saw and knew closely - in a word, I wrote my own life, and what has grown into it.” In the novel “Oblomov”, Goncharov, with the help of the image of the main character, whose name has become a household name today, managed not only to reflect real life in its rich manifestations, but also to encourage the reader to think, to help him understand the complex interweavings of reality.
From the first pages we get a certain impression of the hero. Oblomov is “a man about thirty-two or three years old, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea... From the face, carelessness turned into poses of the whole body. Sometimes his gaze darkened with an expression as if of fatigue or boredom; but neither fatigue nor boredom could drive away the softness from his face...” Thanks to this portrait, one can imagine the inner essence of Oblomov - a kind, gentle man, but lazy, apathetic, weak-willed. Later in the novel we find confirmation of these thoughts: starting with the inability and unwillingness to put things in order in his room and ending with the disorder in his personal life, when in the general chaos even the need to resolve everyday issues causes helpless confusion.
How did a person with remarkable inclinations in the past and a wonderfully pure soul and rich heart in the present fall into this dusty and sticky captivity of self-indulgence, selfishness, and closeness from real life?
From early childhood main character became an involuntary victim of an all-consuming and practically invincible phenomenon - Oblomovism. All the child’s impulses for self-knowledge and knowledge of the world around him, the desire for independence were suppressed not only by loving parents, but also by the entire environment in which the boy grew up. Here they were afraid of everything that helps a person develop his best personal traits: labor, initiative, strong feelings, everything new and unknown. Oblomov's attempts to fight with those around him " deep sleep“stopped before they could develop into actions. And yet Oblomov managed to rise above Oblomovism, he retained moral purity and gullibility, received an education, and even served once. However, often the feeling of inner freedom, brought from the depths of childhood and youth, did not find support in real life: “I began to fade over writing papers in the office; I died out later, reading truths in books that I didn’t know what to do with in life, I died out with my friends, listening to talk, gossip, mockery... Either I didn’t understand this life, or it was no good, and I didn’t know anything better , I didn’t see, no one pointed this out to me... the light was locked inside me... but it just burned down its prison, didn’t break free and went out.” We see that Oblomov is extremely honest and frank with himself. What circumstances helped him develop such self-criticism?
At the service, Oblomov quite quickly realized that everyone here was busy not with performing official duties, not with honest service to the cause, but with “playing bad passions,” “interrupting each other’s paths,” and stupidly shuffling papers. Service, devoid of human mutual understanding, was meaningless for Oblomov, since he did not need money. Those around him business people pursuing only selfish goals, not choosing worthy means to achieve them, are alien to Oblomov’s moral ideals, as well as a life devoted to profit and unprincipled rise up the career ladder: “And he will become a people, he will eventually move There are plenty of affairs and ranks. But how little of a person is needed here: his mind, will, feelings - why is this? Material from the site
In women who are able to love for money, friends who dream only of a career, you can see the same Oblomovites, only living according to the laws high society: “These are all dead people. Sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the world and society! The sensitive, kind and selfless hero of the novel is looking for perfection in this world, “the norm, the ideal of life, which nature has indicated as the goal for man,” and does not find it.
That is why Oblomov’s laziness and apathy, his turning away from real life can be considered a passive protest against all the evil that surrounds him in reality. And yet he becomes a victim, a slave of this evil, since he can no longer make volitional decisions or independently manage his own life. He floats with the current, observes, and does not act.
I believe that the problems raised by Goncharov in the novel “Oblomov” still make this work relevant and interesting today, and this, of course, speaks both of the genius of the writer and of the versatility of the work.
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Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - the main character novel of the same name Goncharova. This image is unique in that it fully exposes the uncharacteristic negative quality in the field of literature, but the state inherent in every person is laziness. Some people find the strength to overcome laziness and make laziness a periodic guest; for some, as in the case of Oblomov, laziness becomes a constant companion in life. Why does this happen, is there a way out of such a situation, and on whom does the result of such a confrontation depend? Goncharov gives answers to these questions, depicting all the consequences of such a life using the example of the nobleman Oblomov.
Oblomov is of noble origin
"Nobleman by birth." He has 300 serfs:
"Three hundred souls."
Ilya Ilyich is the owner of a family estate, which he has not been to for 12 years:
“The twelfth year in St. Petersburg”
Ilya Ilyich Oblomov lives in St. Petersburg at:
"Pea Street"
His age is not exactly known
He is “a man about thirty-two or three years old”
Oblomov has an attractive appearance, he evokes sympathy:
"of average height, pleasant appearance"
He has gray eyes, but they are somehow empty:
“with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea, any concentration in the facial features.”
Oblomov leads a passive way of life, he is rarely outside the house, so his face seems colorless:
“Ilya Ilyich’s complexion was neither ruddy, nor dark, nor positively pale, but indifferent or seemed so, perhaps because Oblomov was somehow flabby beyond his years: perhaps from lack of exercise or air, or perhaps both."
We invite you to familiarize yourself with summary I. Goncharov’s novel “Ordinary History,” which talks about two sides of Russia in the 19th century.
Carelessness is Oblomov’s constant state; his personal belongings also acquire this characteristic:
“The carelessness passed from the face into the poses of the whole body, even into the folds of the dressing gown.”
Sometimes his state of carelessness changed to boredom or fatigue:
“Sometimes his gaze darkened with an expression as if of fatigue or boredom; but neither fatigue nor boredom could for a moment drive away the softness from the face, which was the dominant and fundamental expression, not only of the face, but of the whole soul.”
Oblomov's favorite clothing is a dressing gown
“... Made of Persian material, a real oriental robe, without the slightest hint of Europe, without tassels, without velvet, without a waist, very roomy, so Oblomov could wrap himself in it twice.”
His robe was significantly worn, but Oblomov is not embarrassed by this: “it lost its original freshness and in places replaced its primitive, natural gloss with another, acquired one, but still retained the brightness of oriental paint and the strength of the fabric.”
Ilya Ilyich fell in love with the robe because it is as “soft” as its owner:
“The robe had in Oblomov’s eyes a darkness of invaluable merits: it is soft, flexible; the body does not feel it on itself; he, like an obedient slave, submits to the slightest movement of the body.”
Oblomov’s favorite pastime is lying on the sofa, he has no good reason for this - he does it out of laziness:
“For Ilya Ilyich, lying down was neither a necessity, like that of a sick person or like a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, like that of someone who is tired, nor a pleasure, like that of a lazy person: it was his normal state.”
In Ilya Ilyich’s office there are many things that their owner does not need - they were purchased and installed because it was customary:
“he looked at the decoration of his office so coldly and absent-mindedly, as if he was asking with his eyes: “Who brought and installed all this here?”
There is no order in the house rented by Oblomov - dust and garbage are evenly placed on all objects: “On the walls, near the paintings, a cobweb, saturated with dust, was molded in the form of festoons; mirrors, instead of reflecting objects, could rather serve as tablets for writing down some notes on them in the dust for memory. The carpets were stained."
Ilya Ilyich’s days always follow the same scenario - he doesn’t get up for a long time, lies on the couch and all morning intends to get up and do a bunch of things, but constantly delays his intention:
“I intended to get up, wash my face and, having drunk tea, think carefully, figure out something... For half an hour he lay there, tormented by this intention, but then he decided that he would still have time to do this after tea, and he could drink tea, as usual, at bed, especially since nothing prevents you from thinking while lying down.”
Some time later, the Oblomovs were rich and wealthy, but then things got worse; the Oblomovs themselves do not know why this happened:
“became poorer, grew smaller, and finally became imperceptibly lost among the not-old noble houses».
Oblomov often likes to call his servant Zakhar to him, almost always these are empty requests, sometimes Ilya Ilyich himself does not know why he called Zakhar:
“Why did I call you - I don’t remember! Go to your room for now, and I’ll remember.”
From time to time, Oblomov’s apathy subsides, he reprimands Zakhara for the mess and garbage in the house, but the matter does not move beyond reprimands - everything remains in its place: “...dust causes moths? Sometimes I even see a bug on the wall!”
Ilya Ilyich does not like change, the need to move upsets him terribly, he tries to delay this moment as much as possible, ignores the request of the homeowner to speed up the move:
“They say they promised for a month, but you still don’t move out... We’ll let the police know.”
Fear of changing your life
He himself is aware of such intolerance to change
“...I can’t stand any changes.”
Oblomov does not tolerate the cold:
“Don’t come, don’t come: you’re coming from the cold!”
Dinner parties and large accumulations seem to Ilya Ilyich a boring and pointless task:
“Oh my God! The boredom must be hellish!”
Oblomov does not like to work:
“work from eight o’clock to twelve, from twelve to five, and at home too - oh, oh.”
Penkin’s characterization of Oblomov:
“...an incorrigible, carefree sloth!”
Oblomov believes that work should not be too tiring: “Write at night... when can I sleep?”
Oblomov's acquaintances are surprised by his inactivity. Taranyev says this about Ilya Ilyich’s laziness:
“It’s almost twelve o’clock, and he’s lying around”
Tarantiev deceives Oblomov and often takes money from him: “... he snatched the banknote from Oblomov’s hands and quickly hid it in his pocket.”
Several years ago, Oblomov tried to go into the service and became a collegiate secretary. The work was difficult for him:
“...running and bustle began, everyone was embarrassed, everyone knocked each other down.”
Due to his laziness and absent-mindedness, service became hell for Oblomov; he barely served for two years and left the service, considering this type of activity unsuitable for him:
“Ilya Ilyich suffered from fear and melancholy in the service, even under a kind, condescending boss.”
Ilya Ilyich often makes mistakes in his work; once he mixed up the addresses and sent necessary documents not to Astrakhan but to Arkhangelsk. When the mistake became clear, Oblomov worried for a long time because he realized the irresponsibility of his action:
“although he and everyone else knew that the boss would limit himself to a remark; but my own conscience was much stricter than the reprimand.”
The only person who can stir up this sloth is his childhood friend Andrei Stolts:
“Stolz’s youthful heat infected Oblomov, and he burned with a thirst for work.”
Studying was difficult for Oblomov - his parents often made him concessions and left him at home, while educational process was not completed. Oblomov never tried to correct this state of affairs; his level of education suits Ilya Ilyich:
“...he had a whole abyss between science and life, which he did not try to cross. His life was on its own, and his science was on its own.”
From constant idleness and immobility, Oblomov begins to develop various deviations in the functioning of his body systems:
“My stomach almost doesn’t cook, there’s a heaviness in the pit of my stomach, heartburn is tormenting me, my breathing is heavy.”
He does not like to read books or newspapers - his detachment from life suits Oblomov. This matter is too tedious for the lazy Oblomov:
“the pages on which the books were unfolded were covered with dust and turned yellow; it is clear that they were abandoned a long time ago; The newspaper number was last year.”
The parents dreamed of the day when their son would gain a position in society and receive a significant promotion, but at the same time they did not understand that an uneducated person would never achieve this; they seriously thought that this could happen by chance or some kind of fraud:
“They also dreamed of an embroidered uniform for him, imagined him as a councilor in the chamber, and even his mother as a governor; but they would like to achieve all this somehow cheaper, with various tricks.”
Zakhar's attempts to stir up his owner do not lead to anything good. Oblomov fights off the servant:
“Oblomov suddenly, unexpectedly jumped to his feet and rushed at Zakhar. Zakhar rushed away from him as fast as he could, but on the third step Oblomov sobered up completely from sleep and began to stretch, yawning: “Give me... kvass.”
Stolz and Oblomov are connected by childhood memories - Andrei cannot see how aimlessly his friend’s days pass:
“Everyone is busy, but you don’t need anything.”
Stolz manages to activate Ilya Ilyich. He pulls Oblomov out into the world, where Ilya Ilyich at first feels out of place, but over time, this feeling passes. Stolz encourages his friend to go abroad together. The friend agrees. Oblomov enthusiastically starts preparing:
“Ilya Ilyich already had his passport ready, he even ordered a traveling coat for himself and bought a cap.”
Oblomov's love for Olga
Ilya Ilyich's falling in love became the reason for refusing the trip - the new feeling does not allow Oblomov to leave even for short term object of his adoration:
“Oblomov did not leave in a month or three.” Oblomov's move is finally taking place.
Ilya Ilyich does not experience stress - his thoughts are occupied by Olga Ilyinskaya:
“Tarantiev moved his entire house to his godfather, in an alley, on Vyborg side».
Oblomov fell in love for the first time. He is embarrassed by his feelings, does not know what to do and how he should behave towards his beloved:
“Oh my God, how pretty she is! There are such things in the world! - he thought, looking at her almost with frightened eyes».
Oblomov is a sensual, impulsive person, succumbing to emotions, he confesses his love to Olga:
“I feel... not music... but... love.”
Oblomov is not known for his bravery - in difficult situations he flees. This seems better to him than saying or doing something out of place: “without looking back, he ran out of the rooms.”
Ilya Ilyich is a conscientious person, he worries that his actions or words could provoke unpleasant experiences among those people who are dear to him:
“I was tormented by the fact that he scared and insulted her”
Oblomov is a very emotional person, he is not used to hiding his feelings
“... I’m not ashamed of my heart.”
The emerging Love for Olga became the reason not only for his physical, but also mental activity. He begins to actively read books because his lover likes to listen to retellings of books, and visits the theater and opera. He behaves like a true romantic - he takes walks in nature, gives Olga flowers:
“He is with Olga from morning to evening; he reads with her, sends flowers, walks along the lake, in the mountains.”
Inactivity and fear of change played a cruel joke on Oblomov. The uncertainty that arose between Oblomov and Ilyinskaya became painful for the girl. Olga is afraid that Oblomov will not keep his word and not marry her, because he always has many excuses for postponing the wedding. Oblomov can’t even decide to ask the girl’s hand in marriage. This leads to a breakdown in relationships:
“I loved the future Oblomov! You are meek and honest, Ilya; you are gentle... dove; you hide your head under your wing - and don’t want anything more; you are ready to coo under the roof all your life.”
Oblomov returns to his usual life. Passivity and the absence of any activity other than lying on the sofa and eating food have a bad effect on his health - Oblomov receives an apoplexy:
“they bled and then announced that it was an apoplexy and that he needed to lead a different lifestyle.”
Despite everything, Oblomov does not change his habits. Ilya Ilyich perceives Stolz’s arrival with enthusiasm, but no longer succumbs to his persuasion to change his life. He is happy: he fell in love with the mistress of the house, who does not demand anything from him and takes care of him like a child:
“Don’t make vain attempts, don’t persuade me: I’ll stay here.”
The fact that Pshenitsyna ( new love Oblomov) is not a noblewoman, does not allow him to confess true reasons refusal to leave St. Petersburg: “Leave me completely... forget me...”
Stolz is periodically interested in the fate of Oblomov. On his last visit to his friend, Andrei learns terrifying news - Oblomov lives with Pshenitsyna as his wife, they have a child together. Oblomov realizes that he will not live long and asks his friend to take care of his son:
“...this child is my son! His name is Andrey, in memory of you.”4.7 (93.33%) 3 votes
Introduction
The work “Oblomov” by Goncharov is a socio-psychological novel that was published in 1859. In the book, the author touches on a number of eternal topics: parents and children, love and friendship, the search for the meaning of life and others, revealing them through the biography of the main character - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a lazy, apathetic man, overly dreamy and completely unadapted to real life. The image of Oblomov in Goncharov’s novel is central and most striking in a masculine way works. According to the plot of the book, the reader meets Ilya Ilyich, when the hero has already reached thirty extra years and represents a fully formed personality. Like many men his age, he dreams of big family, children, a sweet, thrifty wife and a prosperous end of life in his native estate - Oblomovka. However, all these ideas about the distant wonderful future remain only in the hero’s dreams; in real life, Ilya Ilyich does absolutely nothing that would bring him even one step closer to the idyllic picture that he had long planned in his dreams.
Oblomov's days pass in continuous idleness; he is even too lazy to get out of bed to greet guests. His whole life is a sleepy kingdom, a dreamy half-asleep, consisting of the continuous stringing and creation of unrealizable illusions that exhausted him morally and from which he sometimes got tired and fell asleep exhausted. In this monotonous life leading to degradation, Ilya Ilyich was hiding from real world, fenced himself off from everyone possible ways, afraid of his activity and not wanting to take responsibility for their actions, much less work and confidently step over failures and defeats, continuing to move forward.
Why is Oblomov trying to escape from real life?
To understand the reasons for Oblomov’s escapism, it is worth briefly describing the atmosphere in which the hero was brought up. Home village Ilya Ilyich - Oblomovka, was located in a picturesque and quiet area remote from the capital. Beautiful nature, a calm, measured life on the estate, the lack of need to work and the excessive care of his parents led to the fact that Oblomov was not ready for the difficulties of life outside Oblomovka. Brought up in an atmosphere of love and even adoration, Ilya Ilyich thought that he would encounter a similar attitude towards himself in the service. Imagine his surprise when, instead of similarity loving family, where everyone supports each other, a team with a completely different attitude was waiting for him. At work, no one was interested in him, no one cared about him, since everyone thought only about increasing their own salary and promotion. career ladder. Feeling uncomfortable, after the first mistake in the service, Oblomov, on the one hand, fearing punishment, and on the other, having found a reason for dismissal, he leaves his job. The hero no longer tried to get a job somewhere, living on the money that was sent to him from Oblomovka and spending all his days in bed, thus reliably hiding from the worries and problems of the outside world.
Oblomov and Stolz are antipodal images
The antipode of the image of the main character in the novel “Oblomov” by Ilya Ilyich is his childhood friend, Andrei Ivanovich Stolts. By character and life priorities Stolz is the complete opposite of Oblomov, although they come from the same social class. Unlike the lazy, apathetic, dreamy Ilya Ilyich, who lives exclusively in his past, Andrei Ivanovich always strives forward, he is not afraid of failures, since he knows that in any case he will be able to achieve his goal, to reach ever greater heights. And if the meaning of Oblomov’s life is the illusory world that he builds in his imagination and for which he lives, then for Stolz this meaning remains hard work.
Despite the fact that in the work the heroes are contrasted as two differently directed principles and two antithetical personality types - introverted and extroverted, Stolz and Oblomov organically complement each other and need each other. Without Andrei Ivanovich, Ilya Ilyich would probably have completely abandoned business in Oblomovka or sold it for pennies to someone like Tarantiev. Stolz most clearly understood the harmful influence of “Oblomovism” on his friend, so he tried with all his might to return him to real life, taking him with him to social events or forcing him to read new books.
The author's introduction into the narrative of such a character as Andrei Ivanovich helps to better understand the image of Ilya Ilyich. Compared to his friend, Oblomov, on the one hand, looks passive, lazy, not wanting to strive for anything. On the other hand, his positive traits- warmth, kindness, tenderness, understanding and sympathy for loved ones, because it was in conversations with Ilya Ilyich that Stolz gained peace of mind, lost in the constant race of life.
Revealing the image of Oblomov through love
In the life of Ilya Ilyich there were two different loves - a spontaneous, all-encompassing, stormy and revitalizing love for Olga Ilyinskaya and a quiet, pacifying, respect-based, full of calm and monotony love for Agafya Pshenitsyna. The image of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is revealed differently in relationships with each of the women.
Love for Olga was that bright ray that could pull the hero out of the “swamp of Oblomovism,” because it was for the sake of Ilyinskaya Oblomov forgets about his favorite robe, starts reading books again, it’s as if his wings grow, as a real goal appears - a possible happy future with Olga, a family and his own comfortable estate. However, Ilya Ilyich was not ready to change completely; Ilyinskaya’s aspirations for constant development and reaching new heights. In a relationship with Olga, Oblomov is the first to retreat and the first writes her a letter in which he says that her love is not true feelings. This act can be considered not only as the hero’s weakness, his fear of change and internal passivity, but also as better understanding spheres of feelings, excellent intuitive sense and understanding of the psychology of other people. Ilya Ilyich subconsciously felt that they life paths too different that Olga needs much more than he is ready to give her. And even if he tries to become for her the very ideal of a gentle, kind, sensual, but at the same time continuously developing, active person, he will be unhappy for the rest of his life, never having found the desired happiness.
After the difficult but predetermined separation of Oblomov and Olga, the hero finds solace surrounded by the care of Pshenitsyna. Agafya, by nature, is the ideal of the “Oblomov” woman - poorly educated, but at the same time very kind, sincere, economic, caring for the comfort and satiety of her husband and adoring him. Ilya Ilyich’s feelings for Pshenitsyna were built on respect, which gradually grew into warmth and understanding, and then into a calm, but strong love. Let us remember that when Stolz tried to take Oblomov with him, he did not want to go, not because he was lazy, but because it was important for him to stay with his wife, who was able to give him the happiness that he had dreamed of for so long.
Conclusion
Analysis of Oblomov’s image makes it clear that interpreting Ilya Ilyich as unambiguously positive or negative hero it is forbidden. He attracts the reader in his own way, but also causes antipathy with his laziness and passivity, which indicates the versatility of the character’s nature, his inner depth and, possibly, powerful unrealized potential. Oblomov is a composite image of a typical Russian person, a dreamy, contemplative personality who always hopes for the best and sees true happiness in monotony and tranquility. As critics point out, Goncharov largely copied Ilya Ilyich from himself, which makes the novel even more interesting for a modern reader interested in the work of the great Russian writer.
A detailed analysis of the image of the hero of Goncharov’s novel will be useful for 10th graders when writing an essay on the topic “The Image of Oblomov in the novel “Oblomov”.”
Work test