The article examines enterprises in the Russian food industry: production of the main types of products in 2014 and the structure of owners of organizations. Total reviewed 240 organizations ( 471 enterprise, taking into account production facilities located within holdings) of the food industry, producing on average about half of all all-Russian production according to the product range listed in the article ( 21 view).
1. Meat production
in 2014 amounted to 5811 thousand tons.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
JSC "Prioskolye" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
PRODO LLC |
Ramosa Holdings Limited 100% |
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|
OJSC Cherkizovo Group |
|||||
|
"Agro Invest Brinky" |
JSC "AGRO INVEST BRINKY B V" 100% |
||||
|
LLC APH Miratorg |
2 offshore |
||||
|
LLC GC "Agro-Belogorye" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OOO "KOPITANIA" (Novosibirsk, Volgograd, Tver) |
DAYNESWOOD INVESTMENTS LIMITED (DAYNESWOOD) 100% |
||||
|
Chelny-Broiler LLC |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "Kamsky Bacon" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "Alekseevsky Bacon" (since 2014 LLC "APK DON") |
LLC "INCOM MARKET" 50% |
LLC "MYASO-SOYUZ T" - 50% |
|||
|
OJSC "Rusagro" |
ROS AGRO PLC (Cyprus) 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Elinar-Broiler" (MO) |
JSC "ELINAR" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Rusgrain Holding" |
|||||
|
CJSC "Siberian Agrarian Group" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC Velikoluksky Meat Processing Plant |
Podvalny V.A. 100% |
||||
|
LLC "KOMOS GROUP" |
LLC "HYPERFOODS HOLDING" 100% |
||||
|
Eurodon LLC (Rostov region) |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 60% |
Brimstone Investments Limited 40% |
|||
|
OJSC Poultry Farm Reftinskaya |
Minimum assets - 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Novosibirsk Poultry Farm" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 90% |
||||
|
JSC AVK "Exima" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "Agrofirm Ariant" |
OJSC "CHEMK" 50%; OJSC "Kuznetsk Ferroalloys" 50% |
||||
|
"AgroPromkomplektatsiya" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 51% |
JSC "RISALTO WENCHESTER LTD" 49% |
|||
|
OJSC "OMPK" (Ostankino) |
|||||
|
LLC "POULTRY FACTORY AKASHEVSKAYA" |
LLC "MarFinInvest" 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "INZHAVINSKAYA POULTRY FARM" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
Zvenigovsky MK |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
JSC " White bird"(Belgorod) |
|||||
|
Holding "BEZRK-Belgrankorm" (Belgorod) |
As a result: Private company "Lorell Limited" 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
3832,628 |
*Only pork in live weight.
**Pork and poultry in live weight.
*** Only poultry in live weight.
Alas, I had to use data in live weight due to the lack of data on finished products. This should be kept in mind.
Manufacturers using offshore services and honest owners are distributed by approximately half.
2. Sausages
in 2014, Russian enterprises produced 2357.3 thousand tons.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
PRODO LLC |
Ramosa Holdings Limited 100% |
||||
|
OJSC Cherkizovsky Meat Processing Plant |
"MB Capital Partners Ltd." (Bermuda) - 48.51%; "The Bank of New York Mellon" - 28.46%; "CREDIT SUISSE AG" (Switzerland) - 12.58% |
||||
|
OJSC "Ostankino Meat Processing Plant" |
"BELLMAR CAPITAL INVESTMENT LIMITED" (Belize) 22.88%; "HONEYDROPS EQUITIES INC." (BVI) 24.58%; "ABSI ENTERPRISES LIMITED" (Belize) 24.63%; "RENOVA INVESTMENT LIMITED" (Belize) 24.61% |
||||
|
CJSC "Mikoyanovsky Meat Processing Plant" |
CJSC "OCHAKOVO-LOGISTIC" 12.49%; CJSC AVK Exima 87.51% |
||||
|
OJSC "Tsaritsyno" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation - 82.26% |
||||
|
OJSC Meat Processing Plant Sochi |
COWELL HOLDINGS LIMITED (Cyprus) 99.98% |
||||
|
OJSC "Dzerzhinsky Meat Processing Plant" |
Pokrov LLC 98.77% |
||||
|
OJSC "Kirov Meat Processing Plant" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation - 82.02% |
||||
|
OJSC "Medvedovsky Meat Processing Plant" (Rostov-on-Don) |
Armada LLC 95.71% |
||||
|
OJSC "MK "Nakhodkinsky" |
"PENTAGRO HOLDINGS LIMITED" (Cyprus) 50.59%; NMK Invest LLC 40% |
||||
|
"Rusgrain Holding" |
ARBOGATE INVESTMENTS LIMITED 19.03%; KORVOLEX HOLDING LIMITED 12.19%; PLASMA ENTERPRISES LIMITED 9.58% (all Cyprus); Rusgrain (Overseas) Ltd (BVI) 18.63%; Rusgrain Holding Limited (Cyprus) 19.35% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
601,6357 |
*Production at Klinsky MK, Perm MK and Kalachinsky MK based on their daily productivity.
**Approximately.
There is no Federal Property Management Agency among the owners of meat processing industry enterprises.
3. Commercial food fish products (without canned food)
in 2014, 3644 thousand tons of commercial food fish products were produced.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
JSC "Murmansk Trawling Fleet" |
CJSC Northern Alliance 79.13 [CJSC Rybprominvest 100%]; Busygin I.K. 8.7%; CJSC "Rybprominvest" 3.506% |
||||
|
OJSC "Nakhodka Base of Active Marine Fisheries" |
CJSC Dalinvestgroup 81.78% |
||||
|
JSC "Okeanrybflot" (P.-Kamch.) |
De Yen Tyak 32.68%; Evtushok I.P. 32.68%; Ponomarev V.A. 32.68%; LLC SK "Kairos" 1.97% |
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|
JSC "Arkhangelsk Trawling Fleet" |
LLC "VIRMA" 75%; LLC "Fishing Company "Virma" 25% |
||||
|
OJSC "ROK-1" (S.-P.) |
Board members 22.23% |
EBRD 40.08% (London) |
|||
|
OJSC "ATLANTRYBFLOT" Kaliningrad |
CJSC FOR-Phishing 60.4%; CJSC RPK Rybflot-FOR39.5% |
||||
|
“Fishing collective farm “New World” |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Murmansk Provincial Fleet" |
JSC "Murmansk Trawling Fleet" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Ozernovsky RKZ No. 55" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "HC "Dalmoreproduct" |
|||||
|
OJSC "Preobrazhenskaya Trawling Fleet Base" |
CJSC TD Fili 23.44%; Vympel LLC 12.08%; citizens of the Russian Federation 48.58% |
||||
|
JSC "TURNIF" (Vladivostok) |
CJSC INTRAROS 24.25%; "Russian Fishery Company" (also known as "Russian Sea - Production" LLC until 2014) - 75.75% [RF citizens 75%] |
CJSC INTRAROS 24.25%; "Russian Fishery Company" (also known as "Russian Sea - Production" LLC until 2014) - 75.75% [OKTOMER TRADE LIMITED 10%, OVEG TRADING LIMITED 5%] |
|||
|
OJSC "RK "Primorets" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 94.36% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
*Approximately.
Among the examined producers of fish products, state ownership is also not observed. It can be noted that there are not as many offshore companies and foreigners in this segment as in the meat segment.
4773 thousand tons
4. Vegetable oil
was produced in Russia in 2014.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
GC "Yug Rusi" |
"Yug Rusi Group Plc." (Cyprus) 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Atkarsky oil extraction plant" |
|||||
|
OJSC "Kazan oil extraction plant" |
PJSC "Nefis Cosmetics" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Uryupinsk Oil Extraction Plant" |
CJSC "NITO-VEK" 94.82% |
||||
|
OJSC "MZHK "Armavirsky" |
LLC "M.E.Z." 100% [Burov V.Yu. 49%] |
LLC "M.E.Z." 100% [Bellarain Management Limited (Cyprus) 51%] |
|||
|
JSC "EFKO" (Alekseevka) |
"EFKO Food Products" - 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Orenburg Oil Extraction Plant" |
|||||
|
OJSC "Orelrastmaslo" |
LLC "Litota" 100% |
||||
|
GC "Aston" (Millerovsky and Morozov oil extraction plants) |
Aston Agro - Industrial AG" (Switzerland) 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Rusagro" (Bezenchuk and Yekaterinburg) |
ROS AGRO PLC (Cyprus) 100% |
||||
|
LLC "Bunge CIS" (Voronezh region) |
Comp "Bunge Cyprus" and Comp "Brunello Lee" 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
*Anninsky Oil Extraction Plant, Liskinsky, Labinsky, plants in Rostov-on-Don and Kropotkin, Krasnodar MZhK, Valuysky and Chernyansky vegetable oil plants.
***Approximately.
The Federal Property Management Agency is again missing as a species. But almost all manufacturers are offshore or foreign.
5. Margarine
(including special fats) in 2013, 11 holdings and individual enterprises produced in Russia:
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2013,% |
Production 2013, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
OJSC "EFKO Food Products" |
"EFKO Food Products" 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "Fat Plant" |
|||||
|
"Cargill" (Efremov) |
Cargill 100% (USA) |
||||
|
OJSC "NMZhK" |
PKF Profit LLC 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Evdakovsky MZhK" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 20.76%; LLC "Task" 76% |
||||
|
OJSC "Novosibirsk Residential Complex" |
LLC "Zh.K." 100% [Russian citizens 30%] |
LLC "Zh.K." 100% [ONEOS HOLDINGS LIMITED 70%] |
|||
|
OJSC "Samara Fat Plant" |
PKF Profit LLC 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Ekaterinburg Residential Complex" |
|||||
|
OJSC "Irkutsk MZhK" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 81.17% |
||||
|
OJSC "Perm Margarine Plant" |
PKF Profit LLC 100% |
||||
|
Unilever 100% |
|||||
|
Total considered: |
There are only two producers of margarine and specialty fats with Russian founders and shareholders: “Evdakovsky MZhK” and “Irkutsk MZhK”. They produce only 8% of the total Russian product output. The rest are either taken offshore or are honest foreign businesses.
6. Dairy products
can only be considered for 2012. In 2012, 10.7 million tons were produced.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2012,% |
Production 2012, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
JSC Wimm-Bill-Dann (24 plants) |
PEPSI-COLA (BERMUDA) LIMITED 100% |
||||
|
"Unimilk" |
|||||
|
Danone Industry LLC (18 plants) |
DAIRY JV Holdings Lim. (Cyprus) 100% |
||||
|
JSC MK "Voronezh" |
Ponomarev A.N. 88.97% |
||||
|
LLC "Ermann" |
Ehrmann AG 100% |
||||
|
Campina LLC |
"FrieslandCampina" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Ostankinsky MK" |
Milkiland N.V. 100% (Holland) |
||||
|
OJSC "Milk" (Shakhunya) |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 85.43% |
||||
|
CJSC "Alekseevsky Milk Canning Plant" |
VAMIN Tatarstan 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Irbit Dairy Plant" |
Mini-properties 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
Finally! The first-born of state ownership in the food industry – “ Irbit dairy plant" The truth is that it produces only about 1% domestic dairy products. The rest is PEPSI and other near-offshore foreigners.
7. Canned foods
in 2014, 10,890 million conventional cans (MCC) of canned foods of all types (including juices) were produced.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, MUB |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
Pepsico (JSC Lebedyansky and Wimm-Bill-Dann, 30 plants in total) |
|||||
|
CJSC "Glavproduct" |
LLC "Glavproduct-invest" 100% [CORP "Universal Beverage Company" 100%] |
||||
|
JSC "Gardens of Pridonya" |
Samokhin A.P. 100% |
||||
|
Interagrosystems LLC (Belorechensk) Vico, Juicy Valley |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
Sunfruit LLC (Perm) Handsome, fruit island |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
Bonduelle-Kuban LLC |
Simplified JSC "Bonduelle-Development" 95%; European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 5% |
||||
|
OJSC "Belmolproduct" |
"INSTOW INVESTMENTS LIMITED" 100% (Cyprus) |
||||
|
CJSC Yuzhmorrybflot (Vladivostok) |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
"Uncle Vanya Canning Holding" 2 factories |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
Kuban Canned Food LLC (Cecab) |
Joint Stock Company of a simplified type "BONDUEL DE..." 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "Orsk Meat Processing Plant" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "HC "Dalmoreproduct" |
DVS-RPTE.LTD. (Singapore) 72.67% |
||||
|
LLC "PomidorProm Active" (Ogorodnikov) |
PomidorProm Holdings Limited 90.91%; CJSC "EASTERN GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION EXPEDITION" 9.09% |
||||
|
JSC "COMPANY "OVA" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "ECOPRODUCT" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
Coca-Cola (Nidan-Juice LLC and Multon CJSC) |
JSC "Multon": COMP "ADELINK LIMITED" 100%; LLC "Nidan-Juice" - NIDAN NOLDING LIMITED 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
7650,897 |
*Approximate data for juice production only.
*** Approximately.
**** Data from the consulting company Euromonitor on players in the canned vegetable market.
*****2013
The market flagships are Pepsi and Coca-Cola, which produce more than 42% of Russian canned food. The Federal Property Management Agency does not own any assets in this area of activity.
8. Torment
in 2014, 9,700 thousand tons were produced.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
JSC "Makfa" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 90.71% |
||||
|
Agroindustrial complex "Stoilenskaya Niva" (3 agricultural products plants) |
|||||
|
JSC "Melnik" (Barnaul) |
|||||
|
CJSC "ALADUSHKIN Group" 100% |
|||||
|
OJSC "Rusgrain Holding" |
ARBOGATE INVESTMENTS LIMITED 19.03%; KORVOLEX HOLDING LIMITED 12.19%; PLASMA ENTERPRISES LIMITED 9.58% (all Cyprus); Rusgrain (Overseas) Ltd (BVI) 18.63%; Rusgrain Holding Limited (Cyprus) 19.35% |
||||
|
OJSC "Perm Flour Mill" |
OJSC "OZK" 34%; CJSC "MAK" 26.85% |
||||
|
(11 factories) |
Nikitenko V.N. 24.97%; CJSC "ALFA-TECHFORM" 22.57%; LLC "QUEEN INVEST" 16.3% |
PG LOGISTIC LLC 24.76% |
|||
|
OJSC "KHP im. Grigorovich" |
Bersar LLC 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Lukhovitsky Flour Mill" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 95.1% |
||||
|
OJSC "Varna KHP" |
LLC "Association "Soyuzpischeprom" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Kazanzernoprodukt" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Krasnodarzernoprodukt" |
LLC "Kubanagrobusiness" 29.7%; LLC "Trading-V" 29.83%; 0.186% - citizens of the Russian Federation |
||||
|
JSC MK "Voronezh" |
CJSC Russian Food Company 39.3%; CJSC "Agrocom Inc" 14.92%; LLC "Ruszernosnab" 14.98% |
||||
|
OJSC "Istra-Hleboproduct" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "RAZGULYAY GROUP" (6 plants) |
CHANDLOR LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.6%; ATONLINE LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.91% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
2540,166 |
**Approximately.
State property is represented in flour production by two assets: 34% (via OZK), producing approx. 1,5% domestic flour. AND . "Razgulay" also produces about 1,5% the torment of Russia. Offshores are common.
Production data
9. Cereals
quite limited. In total, 1,520 thousand tons of cereals were produced in 2014.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
OJSC "Poltava Bread Products Plant" (JSC "GROUP "RAZGULYAY") |
AMORIL HOLDING LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.6%; OLFRIN ASSOCIATES LIMITED (Cyprus) 8.23; TAPSHAW INVEST LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.13%; CHANDLOR LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.6%; STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY (USA) 4.62%; RAZGOULIAY-UKRROS GROUP LIMITED (Cyprus) 6.31%; ATONLINE LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.91% |
||||
|
JSC "Hercules" (Klin) |
OJSC United Grain Company 25.5% |
||||
|
OJSC "KHP im. Grigorovich" |
Bersar LLC 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Melnik" (Barnaul) |
Herfstbos B.V. (Netherlands) 91.89% |
||||
|
OJSC "Rusgrain Holding" |
ARBOGATE INVESTMENTS LIMITED 19.03%; KORVOLEX HOLDING LIMITED 12.19%; PLASMA ENTERPRISES LIMITED 9.58% (all Cyprus); Rusgrain (Overseas) Ltd (BVI) 18.63%; Rusgrain Holding Limited (Cyprus) 19.35% |
||||
|
JSC "Makfa" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 90.71% |
||||
|
OJSC "Krasnodarzernoprodukt" |
CJSC Krasnodarzernoprodukt 29.98%; LLC "Kubanagrobusiness" 29.7%; LLC "Trading-V" 29.83%; 0.186% - citizens of the Russian Federation |
||||
|
Total considered: |
In the cereal production segment, Rosimushchestvo also has two assets: through VEB again 19.97% OJSC Razgulay - This 9% release of cereals AND 25.5% OJSC "Hercules" through OZK. The latter enterprise produces a modest 0.3% of domestic cereal output.
10. Production of compound feeds
amounted to 23 million tons in 2014.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
JSC "BEZRK-Belgrankorm" (Belgorod) |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 11.22% |
LLC "Belgorodskie granulated feed" 64,9%; Belgrankorm-Holding LLC 12.69% [all Private company "Lorell Limited" 100%] |
|||
|
JSC "LUZINSKY FOOD FILLING PLANT" |
LLC "PRODO FINANCE" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Rusgrain Holding" |
ARBOGATE INVESTMENTS LIMITED 19.03%; KORVOLEX HOLDING LIMITED 12.19%; PLASMA ENTERPRISES LIMITED 9.58% (all Cyprus); Rusgrain (Overseas) Ltd (BVI) 18.63%; Rusgrain Holding Limited (Cyprus) 19.35% |
||||
|
Agroindustrial complex "Stoilenskaya Niva" |
LLC "MK-HOLDING" [Commercial company VENIGEN MANAGEMENT LIMITED] 100% |
||||
|
OJSC Leningrad Bakery Plant named after S.M. Kirov" (2 plants) |
CJSC "ALADUSHKIN Group" 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Hercules" (Klin) |
OJSC United Grain Company 25.5% |
Cargill the Netherlands Holding BV Netherlands 74.3% |
|||
|
OJSC "KHP im. Grigorovich" |
Bersar LLC 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Kazanzernoprodukt" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Rusagro" |
ROS AGRO PLC (Cyprus) 100% |
||||
|
"Prioskolye" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Gatchina Feed Mill" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "Stavropol Broiler" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "Aleyskzernoprodukt" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Volkhov Feed Mill" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "Novooskol Feed Mill" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Istra-Hleboproduct" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
Agricultural Holding "Miratorg" (Belgorod region) |
2 offshore |
||||
|
CJSC "White Bird" (Belgorod region) |
CJSC "AGROPLUS" [STEFONT DEVELOPMENTS LIMITED] 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
6435,658 |
*Approximately.
The asset of the Federal Property Management Agency is the same JSC "Hercules"(through OJSC United Grain Company - 25.5%). It produces modest 0,48% domestic production of compound feed.
11. Bread
It is produced by a great number of Russian enterprises. Their name is Legion. We will touch only on the largest manufacturers for which we were able to find open data.
In 2014, 6537.5 thousand tons of bread were produced.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
JSC Fazer (S.-P.) (formerly OJSC "Bread House") |
RUSSIAN CITIZENS 2.08%; OJSC "EKB STAR" 0.15% |
"FAZER VAKERIES B.V." (Amsterdam) 86.92%; COMPANY "CHELUM OYU" 6.54%; COMPANY "OYU GUZI" 3.61%; JSC Fazer 0.66% |
|||
|
OJSC "Karavay" (S.-P.) |
Karavai Center LLC 68.85%; Tyutyunnikov N.I. 25.36% |
||||
|
PJSC "Food Company "LIMAK" |
Nikitenko V.N. 24.97%; CJSC "ALFA-TECHFORM" 22.57%; LLC "QUEEN INVEST" 16.3% |
PG LOGISTIC LLC 24.76% |
|||
|
OJSC "Vladimirsky HC" |
CJSC "Vladimir Bakery No. 2" - 51.33% |
||||
|
OJSC "Volzhsky Baker" |
Board members 73.29% |
||||
|
JSC "Khlebodar", Omsk |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 77.21% |
||||
|
OJSC "Karavai" N. Novgorod |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
AIC "Stoilenskaya Niva" (13 bakeries) |
LLC "MK-HOLDING" [Commercial company VENIGEN MANAGEMENT LIMITED] 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
It would seem that offshore companies have nothing to do here. But no. Large manufacturers It seems that in almost every industry, whether by choice or by force, they go offshore.
12. Pasta production
in 2014 amounted to 991 thousand tons.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
JSC "Makfa" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 90.71% |
||||
|
OJSC "EXTRA M" (formerly CJSC "1st Pasta Company") |
F.lli De Cecco di Filippo Fara San Martino S.p.A. (Italy) 85.68% |
||||
|
JSC "Melnik" (Barnaul) |
Herfstbos B.V. (Netherlands) 91.89% |
||||
|
PJSC "Food Company "LIMAK" |
Nikitenko V.N. 24.97%; CJSC "ALFA-TECHFORM" 22.57%; LLC "QUEEN INVEST" 16.3% |
PG LOGISTIC LLC 24.76% |
|||
|
OJSC "KHP im. Grigorovich" |
Bersar LLC 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Varna KHP" |
OJSC "KHP im. Grigorovich" |
||||
|
Total considered: |
Moderate presence of foreigners (even Italians noted that they are rare), moderate absence of the Federal Property Management Agency.
13. Confectionery
produced in 2014 3423 thousand tons.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
"Nestlé Russia" (11 sites) |
"Nestlé S.A." (Joint stock company) (Nestle S.A.) 85%; "Nestlé Deutschland A.G." 15% |
||||
|
JSC "Rot Front" |
OJSC MPK "Kreker" 8.75% (taking into account the shareholders of both companies, 60.5% are citizens of the Russian Federation) |
OJSC United Confectioners 73.66%; OJSC MPK "Kreker" 8.75% (taking into account the shareholders of both companies, 21.9% are offshore) |
|||
|
Mars LLC (9 factories) |
"MARS OVERSEAS HOLDING,INCORPORATED" 73.53%; OOO "MONTEFELTRO FERMEGENSFEERWALTUNGS GMBH" 26.47% |
||||
|
"Kraft Foods" (Pokrov) |
"Kraft Foods" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "IFF "Red October" |
United Confectioners - 62.14% (taking into account the company’s shareholders, 45.62% are citizens of the Russian Federation) |
FORTEXAN ENTERPRISES LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.82%; CJSC "SWIT-PREMIUM" 19.03%; "United Confectioners" - 62.14% (taking into account the shareholders of all companies, 42.46% are offshore) |
|||
|
OJSC "KK Babaevsky" |
(taking into account the company’s shareholders, 67.7% are citizens of the Russian Federation) |
CJSC "PROD-INVEST" 7.66%; "United Confectioners" - 92.22% (taking into account the shareholders of both companies, 31% are offshore) |
|||
|
JSC "Akkond" Cheboksary |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Briankonfi" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 90.15% |
||||
|
OJSC "Voronezh CF" |
(taking into account the company’s shareholders, 44.46% are citizens of the Russian Federation) |
SPARAMNI CONSULTANTS LIMITED (Cyprus) 12.17%; CJSC "PROD-INVEST" 19.73%; "United Confectioners" 60.55% (taking into account the shareholders of all companies, 32.8% are offshore) |
|||
|
OJSC Lipetskhlebmakaronprom |
Nikitenko V.N. 24.97%; CJSC "ALFA-TECHFORM" 22.57%; LLC "QUEEN INVEST" 16.3% |
PG LOGISTIC LLC 24.76% |
|||
|
Agroindustrial complex "Stoilenskaya Niva" |
LLC "MK-HOLDING" [Commercial company VENIGEN MANAGEMENT LIMITED] 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
1186,641 |
The Federal Property Management Agency is not among the owners. Only two companies out of 11 avoided being taken over by foreigners or going offshore - these are the fairly well-known Akkond and Bryankonfi.
14. Sugar
produced in 2014 in the amount of 5212 thousand tons.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
Prodimex-Holding LLC (15 plants) |
"PRODIMEX FARMING GROUP LIMITED" (Cyprus) through OJSC "OSC" 99.9997% |
||||
|
OJSC Rusagro (7 plants) |
ROS AGRO PLC (Cyprus) 100% |
||||
|
OJSC Razgulay Group (7 plants in 2014) |
AMORIL HOLDING LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.6%; OLFRIN ASSOCIATES LIMITED (Cyprus) 8.23; TAPSHAW INVEST LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.13%; CHANDLOR LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.6%; STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY (USA) 4.62%; RAZGOULIAY-UKRROS GROUP LIMITED (Cyprus) 6.31%; ATONLINE LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.91% |
||||
|
Sucden (3 factories) |
Sucden 100% (France) |
||||
|
OJSC "Zainsky Sugar" |
Fardiev I.Sh. 19.99% |
||||
|
OJSC "Ulyanovsksakhar" |
OJSC "Caustic" 85.712% [LLC "Group Nikos 100%] |
||||
|
Total considered: |
2904,668 |
*Approximately.
The main market players are offshore companies and the French (Sucden). Rosimushchestvo through VEB owns 19.97% "Walking", which released in 2014 6% domestic sugar.
15. Soft drinks
in 2014, 1134.6 million dkl were issued. The main players in the industry are Pepsi and Coca-Cola. The Federal Property Management Agency is not playing.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, million dkl |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
PepsiCo (6 plants except VBD) |
PepsiCo 100% |
||||
|
Coca-Cola (12 factories) |
"Coca-Cola" 100% |
||||
|
JSC MPBK "OCHAKOVO" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Deka" |
LLC "GENERAL INVEST" 55.16% |
Security Major LLC 27.97% |
|||
|
OJSC Baltika |
“Baltic Beverages Holding Aktiebolag” (Sweden) 99.9% |
||||
|
OJSC "Bouquet of Chuvashia" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
513,3842 |
*Only kvass.
in 2014, 12 enterprises and holdings produced products.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand tons |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
OJSC "EFKO Food Products" |
"EFKO Food Products" 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "Fat Plant" |
LLC "Zh.K." 100% [Russian citizens 30%] |
LLC "Zh.K." 100% [ONEOS HOLDINGS LIMITED 70%] |
|||
|
OJSC "NMZhK" |
PKF Profit LLC 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Evdakovsky MZhK" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 20.76%; LLC "Task" 76% |
||||
|
OJSC "Novosibirsk Residential Complex" |
LLC "Zh.K." 100% [Russian citizens 30%] |
LLC "Zh.K." 100% [ONEOS HOLDINGS LIMITED 70%] |
|||
|
OJSC "Samara Fat Plant" |
PKF Profit LLC 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Ekaterinburg Residential Complex" |
Rusagro (ROS AGRO PLC, (Cyprus)) 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Irkutsk MZhK" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 81.17% |
||||
|
"Unilever-CIS" (Moscow MZ) |
Unilever 100% |
||||
|
OJSC Production Holding "Zdrava" |
Savinykh V.V. 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Essen Production AG" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
Moscow residential complex |
LLC "Zh.K." 100% citizens of the Russian Federation 30%] |
LLC "Zh.K." 100% [ONEOS HOLDINGS LIMITED 70%] |
|||
|
Total considered: |
The Federal Property Management Agency is not among the owners of mayonnaise producers.
You can let me down subtotal for 16 food products, because Below is information about the production of alcoholic beverages and tobacco products.
Rosimushchestvo does not own virtually any significant assets in the food industry, except for a share in OJSC Razgulay (19.97% through VEB). True, the remaining shareholders of Razgulay are offshore companies, which does not honor such “state ownership.”
The use of offshore companies is massive. More than 30% of the gross output of the listed products is produced by offshore or foreign owned enterprises. Despite the fact that about 50% of the release of these products has been reviewed.
That is, more than half of the considered enterprises in pp. 1-16 – foreign and offshore.
17. Vodka and alcoholic beverages
in 2014, 73.4 million dl were bottled.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, million dkl |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
OJSC Moscow Plant Kristall |
LLC "Zernostroy" 18.276%; Kamerton LLC 19.767% |
Dialog LLC [Cyprus] 57.065% |
|||
|
Holding "CEDC" (5 plants) |
CJSC "Russian Alcohol" 100% [INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL COMPANY "SAIREY HOLDINGS"] and LLC "PARLAMENT PRODUCTION" [CRUPRESTO ENTERPRISES LIMITED] |
||||
|
Omskvinprom LLC |
"VP ISLAND LIMITED" and "TRADELINE SOLUTIONS LIMITED" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Tatspirtprom" (3 plants) |
Administration of the district Tatarstan 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Bashspirt" (5 plants) |
Administration of the district Bashkiria 100% |
||||
|
JSC Distillery "Yaroslavsky" |
Komed LLC 34.7%; PLF-Systems LLC 33.3% [both ROGEN ENTERPRISES LIMITED]; OJSC "Astrakhan Distillery" 32% [cont. "Komed" and "PLF-Systems"] |
||||
|
JSC "Synergy" (7 plants) |
|||||
|
OJSC "Kashinsky Distillery" "Veresk" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 89.84% |
||||
|
OJSC "Valuisky Distillery" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 73.66%; Rosspirtprom 26.34% |
||||
|
LLC "Russian North" |
Joint stock company Image Holding ApS 99%; LLC "TRADE HOUSE "MEGAPOLIS" [CHKOA "GSH TRADING LIMITED" 96%; Stateless person 4%] |
||||
|
Total considered: |
41,82849 |
Here the Federal Property Management Agency did not disappoint. Two fairly large assets and one smaller one:
1. OJSC "Tatspirtprom"(3 factories). Almost 11% release of LVI in Russia.
2. OJSC "Bashspirt"(5 factories). Almost 4% release of LVI.
3. 26.34% OJSC "Valuisky Distillery" through Rosspirtprom. Total quarter of a percent release of LVI.
In total, approximately 15% of the issue of drug products.
However, companies using offshore companies are the rest of the companies considered. Or 42% of drug production in Russia.
18. Beer
produced in 2014 816 million dkl.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, million dkl |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
OJSC Baltika (8 plants) |
"Baltic Beverages Holding Aktiebolag" (Sweden) 99.9% |
||||
|
OJSC SUN InBev (5 plants) |
Bevmar GmbH (Germany) 2.09%; SUN Interbrew Plc (Cyprus) 91.46%; WorldDore Limited (Cyprus) 6.45% |
||||
|
Heineken (8 factories) |
Heineken N.V. 100% |
||||
|
"Efes" (6 factories) |
"Efes Breweries International N.V." 100% |
||||
|
JSC MPBK "OCHAKOVO" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Bouquet of Chuvashia" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "MOSCOW BREWING COMPANY" |
INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL COMPANY "ECHELON SYSTEM" 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
703,2362 |
The Federal Property Management Agency does not own any assets in beer production. However, enterprises owned by Russian citizens produce only 5% of the drink. The rest are foreigners.
19. Vin
47.7 million dkl released in 2014. For some reason, there are practically no foreigners or offshore companies among the owners of this segment. But there is no Federal Property Management Agency at all, which is quite common.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, million dkl |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
OJSC "Derbent Sparkling Wine Factory" |
LLC "ZIV PLUS" 100% |
||||
|
OJSC APF "Fanagoria" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
JSC "MKSHV" (Moscow) |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "MKSHV" (Makhachkala) |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "Kuban-Vino" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "Russian Azov" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
JSC "Kornet" |
OJSC "United Company" 94.4% |
||||
|
JSC "Abrau-Durso" |
"ABRAU DURSO GROUP LIMITED" (Cyprus-BVI) 89.727%; "SOLVALUB TRADING LIMITED" (Tortola) 5% |
||||
|
CJSC RAIPISCHEKOMBINAT "SLAVYANSKY" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
The entire Alvisa holding together with the Stavropol Wine and Cognac Factory |
Both plants: Sole proprietorship "ALVISA ALCOHOL GROUP, S.L." 100% |
||||
|
LLC "CPI "Ariant" |
LLC "FOOD INDUSTRY CENTER - ARIANT PLUS" 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
15,01033 |
According to the KiN plant, distribution of manufacturers
20. Cognac
in 2014 it was as follows:
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, thousand dkl |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
MVKZ "KiN" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 22.93%; OJSC "Bank of Moscow" 43.07% |
TRENA COM LIMITED (Cyprus) 22.57% |
|||
|
WINE AND BRANDY FACTORY "ALLIANCE-1892" |
Pilgrirefin B.V. 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "Stavropol VKZ" |
Sole proprietorship "ALVISA ALCOHOL GROUP, S.L." 100% |
||||
|
LLC "SORDIS" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
State Unitary Enterprise "KIZLYAR BRANDY FACTORY" |
100% "Rosimushchestvo" |
||||
|
JSC "SYNERGY" |
"BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES SERVICES" (France) 9.02%; (TOTTENWELL LIMITED" (Cyprus) 18.93%; "DEEPLINE CONSULTANTS LIMITED" (Cyprus) 10.66%; SINEXEC SECURITIES LIMITED (Jersey) 14.38%; SWORD ENTERPRISES LIMITED (Jersey) 14.35%; "NEW MINES CS INVESTMENTS LIMITED" (Cyprus) 7.41%; "PENTAGRO HOLDINGS LIMITED" 5.09% |
||||
|
JSC "MKSHV" (Moscow) |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
CJSC "PRASKOVEYSKOE" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
JSC "MOSAZERVINZAVOD" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "Real Alcohol Company" |
LLC "Sistema" [Citizens of the Russian Federation 5%] 100% |
LLC "Sistema" [ZAO "Marshal Group B.V." 95%] 100% |
|||
|
CJSC "WINE AND BRANDY FACTORY IZBERBASHSKY" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "Wine and Cognac Factory "Russian" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Derbent Cognac Factory" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 55.5% |
"MELITA EYROPE HOLDING LIMITED" (Malta) 44.2% |
|||
|
LLC "USOVSKIE WINE AND COGNAC CELLARS" |
LLC "LACHUNGA" 16.34% |
Comp with ogr PECFORD ENTERPRISES LIMITED 50%; LLC "NDK "MERCURY" 21.53%; LLC "WEST BUSINESS" 12.13% |
|||
|
CJSC VKK "Rus" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
"Oryol Winery" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 75% |
||||
|
OJSC "Makhachkala Winery" |
47.32 - citizens of the Russian Federation |
||||
|
Total considered: |
6080,602 |
A total of 6,900 thousand dl of cognacs were produced.
The Federal Property Management Agency owns, which released in 2014 almost 8% Russian cognac. AND MVKZ "KiN" (43% through Bank of Moscow) - 8,4% release. At the same time, 50% of cognacs were produced by factories with foreign and offshore owners.
21. Cigarettes and cigarettes
355.9 billion units were produced.
|
Enterprise |
Industry share 2014,% |
Production 2014, billion units |
Domestic shareholders |
Foreign shareholders |
|
|
Philip Morris International (3 factories) |
Philip Morris International 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "BAT Russia" (St. Petersburg and Saratov) |
"BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO HOLDINGS (RUSSIA) B.V." |
||||
|
Petro LLC (4 plants) |
Japan Tobacco International (Japan) 100% |
||||
|
OJSC "Donskoy Tabak" + CJSC "Donskoy Tabak" |
Citizens of the Russian Federation 100% |
||||
|
LLC "Imperial Tobacco Volga" (Reemstma-Volga) 2 factories |
Imperial Tobacco Holdings (Netherlands) BV 100% |
||||
|
KTNG Rus |
Open Joint Stock Company "KTNG" 100% |
||||
|
Total considered: |
Almost the entire tobacco market is owned by foreigners.
Conclusion on the food industry.
The assets of the Federal Property Management Agency in the food industry are as follows:
1.OJSC "Irbit Dairy Plant". Produces approx. 1% domestic dairy products.
2. 34% (via OZK) OJSC "Perm Flour Mill", producing about 1,5% domestic flour.
3. 19.97% OJSC Razgulay (through VEB). "Razgulay" produces about 1,5% flour, 9% croup, 6% Sahara.
4. 25.5% OJSC "Hercules" (via OZK). 0,3% release of cereals. 0,48% compound feed.
5. OJSC "Tatspirtprom"(3 factories). Almost 11% release of LVI in Russia.
6. OJSC "Bashspirt"(5 factories). Almost 4% release of LVI.
7. 26.34% OJSC "Valuisky Distillery" through Rosspirtprom. 0,25% release of LVI.
8. State Unitary Enterprise "KIZLYAR BRANDY FACTORY"- 8% production of cognac in Russia.
9. MVKZ "KiN" (43% through Bank of Moscow) - 8,4% production of cognac in Russia.
One-two and miscalculated state property in the food industry - 2.5% of all-Russian output of listed goods (on average). Mainly due to the production of alcoholic beverages at enterprises owned by the Federal Property Management Agency (cognac and alcoholic beverages). But offshore companies and “real” foreigners are seen among the owners of most of the companies examined. More precisely:
In pp. 1-16 (except for alcoholic beverages and tobacco products) an average of 45% of the all-Russian output of these food products was reviewed. 70% of which are enterprises with foreign or offshore participation.
In pp. 17-21 (alcoholic drinks and tobacco) an average of 72% of the release of these products in Russia was reviewed. 73% of these are companies with foreign and offshore participation.
That is, offshore companies and foreign companies in the domestic food industry are a massive phenomenon. And state ownership is sporadic and has little influence on the industry.
A person has one need that always and in any conditions needs to be satisfied. No matter who you are, no matter what your occupation, you cannot do without good, wholesome food. It is not surprising that for a long time the food industry in one form or another has been the basis of the economy of many states.
Our country is no exception. It must be said that the Russian food industry has always been quite developed, since our state has almost always been an agricultural power. The resulting raw materials had to be processed for subsequent storage or sale, so the corresponding branch of the national economy developed quickly. In addition, Russia practically did not have a single peaceful century, so supplying the army with high-quality food products had to be constantly taken care of.
Brief historical excursion
The Russian food industry received its first blow during the First World War, and the gloomy time of the Civil War finally crippled it. Compared to 1900, food production decreased by five times. However, by 1927 the industry had almost completely recovered to its previous level, but it was not able to satisfy the needs of the young country.
The industrialization of the state, a sharp increase in construction and the expansion of production in all corners of the USSR led to the need for a radical revision of the food industry, which had existed until then. The relevance of this was the higher, the more high-quality raw materials began to be produced by collectivized agricultural cooperatives and collective farms. Around the same years, statistical departments calculated the average statistical figures for the needs of people of various professions in nutrients And individual categories products.
During Patriotic War Between 1941 and 1945, almost the entire Russian food industry, located in the central parts of the state, was again destroyed. The situation was saved only by the timely evacuation of most of the enterprises to the East. By the way, it is precisely thanks to this circumstance that Kazakhstan today has an advanced food industry in that region.
It should be noted that the food industry day in Russia, which is celebrated on October 19, was largely created in memory of the heroic work of industry workers who ensured continuous supplies of food to the rear and to the front.
Post-war problems
After five years, many sectors of the national economy, including the food industry, were restored to their previous pre-war level. But we have already said that even before the industry could no longer meet the increased needs of a rapidly growing and developing country. In fact, the situation was even worse. The fact is that the population of rural areas was fed almost exclusively by the products that were grown in the garden. People practically did not buy industrial products.
At that time, the country urgently needed as many workers as possible. The natural “candidates” for their role were precisely the peasants. But it was impossible to transport them to cities, since in this case the number of people who consumed food could rapidly increase. Of course, this situation could lead to famine. There was an urgent need to reorient the industry to new standards. Invaluable assistance in this regard was provided by the main institutes of the food industry in Russia (Moscow, Kuban), whose specialists developed many programs for re-equipping the industry.
Unfortunately, the local approach to solving this problem was completely wrong. Collective farmers were prohibited from keeping livestock in their personal farmsteads, or their number was legally limited. It was assumed that in this case labor productivity would greatly increase. Of course, to achieve this goal, production output standards were constantly increased. As for crop production, in order to increase the harvest of grain, the authorities decided to begin plowing black soil in Kazakhstan.
It was then that it became clear that there was a chronic shortage of qualified specialists for the normal exploitation of plowed lands. In fact, it turned out that only 40% of the total cultivated area could be used in accordance with agricultural standards. Because of the soil, it was rapidly declining, which ultimately led to the need to purchase grain abroad.
Perestroika
By the beginning of the 90s, the Russian food industry was far from in the best condition. Due to legendary mismanagement, the national economy lost up to 40% of finished products and valuable raw materials. In the period from 1970 to 1986, the medical and physiological supply of many professions constantly decreased. In fact, only representatives of the party elite, military personnel, sailors, pilots and astronauts ate normally in this regard.
At the beginning of 1991, the population's needs for vegetables, bread and pasta were covered by approximately 80-90%. As for sugar, lard, meat, milk and poultry, this figure was barely 55-60% in best case scenario. Who is not familiar with the queues for “scarce” products that became one of the signs of the late USSR? All institutes of the food industry in Russia in those years experienced a catastrophic shortage of personnel, and the level of training of the specialists they produced was rapidly falling.
After 1991, a rapid decline in overall production began. Some sectors of the food industry have reduced output by 60%. The market condition was rapidly deteriorating due to the fact that potential buyers simply did not have the funds to purchase products from domestic manufacturers. All this happened against the backdrop of a powerful flow of cheap imported goods that poured like a river across the opened borders. Every food industry production in Russia in those years was simply forced to resort to unfavorable dumping, designed to maintain at least some consumer interest in their products.
State of the technical component of the industry
By the beginning of the 90s, everything was very sad in this area. Physically, much of the equipment was already half obsolete, and as for moral “wear and tear”, it was completely prohibitive. Increasing technological backwardness and financial instability of the economy further aggravated the already far from brilliant position of the domestic food industry.
As a result, Russian production was unable to provide its own population with food. The situation became more serious the more often the sanitary and epidemiological services discovered the complete non-compliance of many imported goods with even the most basic standards. Legs with salmonellosis are far from the worst thing that was found then. Naturally, the Russian food industry itself received raw materials of similar quality. 2014 is much better in this regard; our sanitary and epidemiological control authorities are working much more intensively.
Components of the food industry in Russia
One of the main pillars of this industry in our country (and throughout the world) is livestock farming. This is what we will discuss now. This sector of the national economy provides at least 60% of the valuable raw materials from which domestic food products are produced. Alas, there are few regions in Russia in which nature allows breeding beef cattle. One of them is the Caucasus. The social situation there is such that the recovery of the industry (relative) became possible only in recent years.
Accordingly, everything lately at least 60% of the country's population's need for beef was covered exclusively by imported supplies, due to which the Russian food industry is suffering. 2014 was marked by the introduction of Western sanctions. Oddly enough, it is precisely the last circumstance that allows us to hope for the prudence of the authorities, who, perhaps, will still pay attention to their own producers.
Cattle breeding
In our country it is developed in two directions: meat and dairy production and developed only in areas where the climate and food supply make production quite profitable.
Domestic dairy products have been quite different in recent years high quality. The problem is the small amount of subsidies that the state allocates to support the industry. Theoretically, this is due to our country’s accession to the WTO, but this fact does not prevent Germany and France from supporting their own farmers. Today, a paradoxical situation has arisen: despite the fact that the country is capable of providing at least 89% of the need for dairy products on its own, we continue to purchase it abroad.
Because of this, the Russian food industry is suffering greatly. The report of industry experts last year shows that the country can achieve completely independent milk supply in five to seven years. Instead, domestic producers are again left without government orders and funding.
As for beef, the situation is even sadder. The fact is that in our country there is practically no dairy farming as such. All meat of domestic origin that appears on the shelves of our stores comes from dairy cattle. It has such low nutritional characteristics, which is used in the food industry exclusively as an additive to pork. It is impossible to organize the production of full-fledged steaks or sausages from it, but these products could contribute to a significant increase in the income of Russian food producers.
Pig farming
Based on all of the above, we can conclude that at least 2/3 of the total need for raw meat is covered by pig farming. Domestic products made from it are of excellent quality and are always in high demand among consumers. The problem is that pork is a fairly expensive product, since obtaining it requires large subsidies for the construction of large pig-breeding complexes. The reality is that the state is in no hurry to invest in them, preferring to finance foreign manufacturers. Russia's own food and processing industry is experiencing a chronic lack of funds at this time.
Food industry sectors in Russia
Now let’s look at the main sectors of the Russian food industry. The principle of locating processing enterprises on the territory of the country is based on two factors: raw materials and consumer. In most cases, when building new enterprises, they focus specifically on the availability of raw materials, since a lot of it is required when producing food products. When transporting more or less long distances, huge costs are required to ensure its safety, and therefore production in such conditions simply becomes unprofitable.
Depending on the combination of all these factors, experts distinguish three branches of the food industry that are common in Russia:
- The sources of raw materials tend to be starch and molasses, sugar and vegetable oil, and canned vegetable products. For example, we have sugar production only in the Caucasus and Central Black Earth regions, since transporting somewhere hundreds of thousands of tons of raw materials, from which only a few tens of tons of finished products come out, is simply unprofitable and stupid. The largest food industry enterprises in Russia (ASTON, Yug Rusi) that produce vegetable oil are also located there.
- On the contrary, bakery industry production can be found throughout the country. This allows us to classify it as a consumer food industry. Grain is relatively easy to transport, and the yield of finished products from raw materials is quite large.
- Mixed industries: flour milling and meat. Primary processing of raw materials is carried out in close proximity to the places of their production, and then the semi-finished products are sent to the places of their final processing. Perfect example- fish. It is frozen on fishing trawlers. Salted herring, for example, is produced even in Udmurtia, from which the nearest sea is several thousand kilometers away.
Other industry characteristics
In general, domestic food industry includes hundreds of highly complex production cycles. The most important are the basic varieties. Their products are the primary raw materials for more complex industries. These industries include: flour milling, production of raw sugar, production of milk with its subsequent cooling.
These can also include all Russian food industry enterprises specializing in fish production or slaughtering livestock. But here we already have to make distinctions between industries: the same beef can be immediately sent to store shelves, or it can be used for the production of sausages, meat bread, etc. It is the latter processes that are considered the most important, since the products obtained as a result of their implementation bring the lion's share of the profit to the manufacturer.
Important production features
The food industry in our country alone satisfies the needs of millions of consumers. This is due to the huge variety of companies, some of which have been on the market for more than a hundred years (Nestle, for example). The peculiarity of this industry is that it is necessary to constantly find some new tastes and forms of release, since consumer interest must be maintained. Exactly according to last reason The modern food industry is interested in inventing new containers and ways of packaging them.
Simply put, the food industry, not only in our country, but also abroad, employs thousands of people involved in the production of glass, paper, plastic and metal packaging. This is largely determined by the raw material nature of the location of industry enterprises: the same beer is best bottled in close proximity to factories where plastic and glass bottles are produced. Transporting them halfway across the country is a costly affair.
Main costs of the food industry
If we talk about the profitability of this type of production, then Russian food industry enterprises incur considerable costs due to the need to purchase modern packaging lines and machines, the prices of which are not particularly affordable. The costs of professional printing of packaging are very high. Add to this payments to designers, marketers, costs for certification and promotion of your products. Thus, the modern food industry is a very, very expensive industry.
The main problems of the food industry in our country
In general, we have already talked about many of them. Thus, the development of the food industry in Russia is greatly complicated due to the almost complete lack of government support for the industry. There are a lot of costs for setting up production (see above), taxes - even more, and there is no real interest of the top officials of the state in ensuring the country's own self-sufficiency.
We must not forget that there are several major players in the industry who control the food market almost all over the world. Everyone knows these companies: Nestlé, Coca-Cola, Unilever and others. Thus, almost all carbonated water is produced at factories whose shares belong to Coca-Cola. The same is true in the situation with chocolate: even by buying domestic sweets, you are sponsoring the Swiss Nestlé.
Of course, these Russian food industry companies in a certain sense profitable because they pay considerable taxes to the federal budget. The other side of the coin is that the domestic production of sparkling water alone is almost completely destroyed, since it is simply unrealistic for small companies to compete with such “whales” of the global industry. These are the main problems of the Russian food industry.
The food industry is the most important sector of the economy, creating food products based on the processing of agricultural raw materials (grain, potatoes, sugar beets, oilseeds, meat, milk, fish, etc.). It includes a large group (more than 20) of industries and sub-sectors, the main ones (by share in the production of industry products) of which are: meat, dairy, baking, fish, oil and fat, flour milling, winemaking, sugar, canning, confectionery. Using raw materials of plant and animal origin, the food industry (along with light industry) is more associated with agriculture. Hence the unique location of its enterprises, and in some cases their special nature of work (seasonality of production, etc.).
The location of the food industry as a whole is determined by the action of raw materials and consumer factors.
Depending on the predominant role of the raw material or consumer factor in the food industry, three groups of industries are distinguished.
Industries where it is advisable to locate enterprises near sources of raw materials. These include industries in which the consumption of raw materials far exceeds the weight of the finished product (material-intensive industries). For example, the cost of sugar beets per 1 ton of sugar is 5-7 tons. In addition, sugar beets lose quality during long-term storage or long-distance transportation. For this reason, the places where sugar (sand) is produced geographically coincide with the areas of developed beet growing: the Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Volga regions, the south of the Central region, the south of Siberia and the Far East.
A similar dependence on raw material bases is observed in the location of oil mills. Since the yield of vegetable oil from sunflower seeds is 39-44% of the weight of processed seeds (depending on the processing method), they are placed in places where sunflower is cultivated - in the North Caucasus (provides more than half of the vegetable oil production in Russia), in the Central Black Earth region (stand out Voronezh and Belgorod regions - more than 20%) and Volga region (Volgograd, Astrakhan region - 14%) regions. Closely related to the sources of raw materials are the canning (canning of fruits, vegetables, milk, fish), starch and oil industries, etc.
Most of the production of food fish products comes from the Far Eastern (Primorsky Territory, Sakhalin and Kamchatka regions) and Northern (Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions) regions and the Kaliningrad region; canned fruits and vegetables - the North Caucasus (Krasnodar and Stavropol territories, Rostov region - more than 40% of the country's production), Central Black Earth and Volga regions.
To industries, whose enterprises gravitate towards places where finished products are consumed, include industries that produce perishable products, the weight of which, as a rule, exceeds the weight of the original raw materials (baking, confectionery, pasta, dairy industry, etc.).
The third group consists of production (industries), the initial stages of which are involved in the processing of agricultural raw materials at their sources, and the final stages (packaging, bottling, etc.) are located at points of consumption of finished products. These include winemaking (primary and secondary winemaking factories), tea (tea and tea-packing factories), tobacco (fermentation and tobacco factories), meat, flour-grinding and some other industries.
The meat industry, the largest branch of the food industry (in terms of gross output value and number of employees), produces meat, sausages, canned meat and other meat products. Enterprises specialized in slaughtering livestock (since transporting live livestock over long distances is ineffective - website), freezing meat, and producing canned meat gravitate toward raw material bases (areas of developed livestock farming). The main regions for this type of production are the North Caucasus, Ural, Volga, Central Black Earth and West Siberian regions. In places of consumption (mainly large industrial centers) there are enterprises specialized in the production of fresh meat, sausages and other meat products. Their production is available in all regions, but on a particularly large scale - in the cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Novosibirsk, Rostov-on-Don, etc.
In the CIS countries, the food industry is represented quite widely. Particularly noteworthy is the specialization of Kazakhstan in the production of meat, canned meat and other meat products, Ukraine and Moldova - in the production of granulated sugar, sunflower oil, grape wines and canned fruits and vegetables, the Transcaucasian republics - tea, wine and cognac products, the Central Asian republics - dried fruits .
The population's demand for food is satisfied by the food industry. The production sector has several directions and a large territorial distribution. In this article we will identify the main sectors of development of the food industry, list possible difficulties and priority aspects.
Role of the food industry
Great potential for the development of production in the food industry is formed due to the rich raw material base created by agriculture. Activities are based on direct communication with trading companies. Localization, mass production, high profitability and resistance to economic changes have made the food industry a leader.
The characteristics and importance of the food industry make it possible to establish that investing in the production of domestic food products- one of the most profitable and quickly pays off. This is due to citizens’ trust in the raw material base, the close proximity of enterprises to consumers, and an alternative pricing policy.
Definition of food industry
The food industry is a complex of production associations that manufacture and produce raw materials, semi-finished products, and finished products to provide the population with food. A distinctive feature of industry is diversified development.
Food industry branches
Today there are more than thirty separate industries for the production of food products, tobacco and alcohol products.
What does the food industry produce:
- Dairy products;
- Products long-term storage, special processing (preservation);
- Meat processing;
- Oil and fat products;
- Pasta, flour grinding;
- Winemaking;
- Tobacco products, smoking accessories;
- Confectionery;
- Low alcohol and non-alcoholic drinks;
- Processing of fish and seafood;
- Extraction and preparation (grinding, adding additives) of salt;
- Sugar production;
- Growing fruits, vegetables, herbs;
- Bakery products.
Extensive industry separation is associated with mass production, the complexity of combining different types raw materials processing. Each area is positioned in a separate direction, developing all possible ways of processing raw materials and product range. The largest and most promising industries are the production of meat, milk, flour products And food products.
The main branches of the food industry are the processing of raw materials arriving through the country’s transport networks (for example, processing of dairy and meat products coming from farms). This group production is distributed depending on logistics, proximity to large industrial centers and complexes. The second category of products is developing in relation to the emerging demand of the population and the raw material base.
The bulk of production is focused on processing materials, a small part is engaged in mining natural resources(fish, salt, plants that can be eaten). When carrying out their activities, enterprises are obliged to ensure optimization of the production cycle, safety and high quality of products, and competitiveness in the international market.
Food production is important for the economic and food security of the country. The main problem in the development of the food industry in Russia at present is the limited availability of raw materials. Since farming is declining, and existing farms do not satisfy the need for production of dairy and meat products.
According to the geography of the Russian food industry, industry enterprises are located wherever there is a population. We can only talk about the specialization of regions in various types of food industry. In terms of production of food industry products, Central Russia, the Volga region, the Urals and the North Caucasus stand out.
Due to non-stop production and large volumes of products, equipment for the food industry quickly wears out and becomes obsolete. Therefore, timely updating of the technical base is important to maintain the priority position of the country’s food industry.
The geographic location of Russia allows for the production of food products not only obtained on land, but also for the production of large volumes of fish and seafood, so there is no acute shortage of raw materials in this industry.
The weaknesses of the state’s food industry in comparison with foreign producers are:
- Poor technical equipment of production;
- Low rate of introduction and application of innovative technologies;
- Undeveloped system of federal price regulation;
- Poor organization of protecting the rights of companies before government agencies, etc.
Despite these shortcomings, the Russian food industry is still very attractive for Russian and foreign investment. Attracting additional working capital is the main prospect for the development of the food industry in Russia. Among foreign companies, manufacturers such as Nestle, Heinz, Unilever, and Danone are actively cooperating and making investments.
80% of companies plan to carry out technical re-equipment in the near future, in order to automate the production process, as well as to achieve higher competitiveness over foreign manufacturers.
Food industry enterprises
2017 was a year of positive dynamic growth in the food production sector. This is due to the application of sanctions restrictions in relation to Russia, the introduction of an import substitution policy, and government benefit programs.
The table shows the largest food manufacturers in Russia in terms of labor productivity at the end of 2016.
In terms of percentage growth in labor productivity over twelve months, the leaders were:
- Kanevsksakhar – 107%;
- Veliky Ustyug Distillery – 101%;
- Tagansky meat processing plant – 95%.
Interesting example: In terms of the degree of implementation of innovative technologies in the production and supply of dairy products, it is worth noting the Galaktika Group of Companies, which has become a leader in the production of milk products on the international market and sells its products throughout Russia.
Using blockchain technology, the buyer can control the entire production chain of Galaktika Group products - from the farm to the shelf. How to do this: Scan the barcode on the product, enter the production date, enter an individual code, and receive all the information about this product!
What are the main factors for locating food industry enterprises in Russia?
The profitability and development of food producers is determined by two main factors: proximity to raw materials and demand among the population.
The location of the processing complex in close proximity to the raw material producer allows saving on transportation costs and storage costs. Raw materials are regularly processed, the production process has a continuous cycle, which is fundamental to stability. Focus on consumer demand is necessary for organizations that produce products with short term storage
The nature of the location of industrial food industry enterprises is also influenced by the following factors:
- Seasonal nature of the supply of raw materials;
- Impossibility of raw material transportability;
- Economic unreasonableness of logistics activities;
- The nature of consumer demand;
- Massive demand for food products;
- A significant share of transportation costs in the cost of production, etc.
A large share of the technical equipment of food industry enterprises is occupied by imported manufacturers, but domestic suppliers actively compete with them in the sales of food equipment and related products for food production.
Let's identify the largest domestic suppliers of special equipment: among imported equipment manufacturers it is worth noting: Ferrero SpA, Buhler AG, Technology B.V., etc.
Implementation rates are growing every year latest technologies in food production. This dynamics is due to the current global economic situation, as well as the need of the country’s population for domestically produced goods.
The main direction of implementation of innovative technologies in the food industry is automation of the production cycle. At the beginning of the 21st century, the food industry was actively introducing robots, allowing you to lift large loads with heavy weight and replace equipment for the food industry.
Automatic conveyors make it easier for workers to work and increase the quality and speed of a certain operation.
Among the new products in the food industry are flavorings, preservatives, sweeteners and substitutes. Such components can significantly reduce the cost of products and increase the shelf life of products. An important area of development is also the use of improved packaging.
Current food industry news:
Among latest news The food industry can be distinguished as follows:
- Fish processing companies plan to cut out intermediaries, purchasing raw materials directly from miners;
- The purchase price of whole chicken fell by 13%;
- An increase in the consumption of semi-finished products has been recorded among the population;
- The demand for fat substitutes based on vegetable raw materials, etc., has increased.
The food industry is a fundamental area of production to meet the needs of the population. Main criterion stability - introduction of innovations into the field of activity, which will optimize production cycle, create goods of decent quality without harm to citizens and the environment.
It is not for nothing that this industry is considered the most significant and important in the country’s industry. And this is not surprising, since thanks to it the production of all necessary food products for people is carried out. And as we all know, a person cannot exist without food.
Statistics of the Russian food industry
The processing and food industry of Russia is part of the country's agro-industrial complex (AIC). It produces about 95 percent of all food consumed in Russia.
The population spends about ¾ of their income on it. Of course, there were downturns in the development of this industry during the crisis, but today the Russian food industry is still one of the strategic sectors in the economy. Its share in total food industrial production is about 15 percent. Also, it allows us to provide the entire population of the country with the most necessary food products.
The Russian food industry includes about 30 industries and more than 60 types of production. All this unites over 22 thousand enterprises engaged in various activities. They employ about 2 million people.
Currently, there is no shortage of food products in Russia. Shops and hypermarkets offer simply a huge range of products to choose from. Everyone will be able to choose and buy any product according to their taste and financial capabilities. This type of industry has simply enormous potential due to the presence of large raw material bases with an abundance of food products produced by agriculture. All of them have high quality, which helped them win the trust and love of not only Russians, but also other countries around the world.
Today, the food industry in Russia is a priority for development. Thanks to the experience gained from foreign colleagues, our entrepreneurs are not afraid to experiment in producing a high-quality product. The most important thing is to constantly monitor and improve all technical and technological components of such production. The state itself strictly ensures that all norms and standards responsible for the quality of food products, as well as their safety, are observed. The food industry in Russia today is represented by thousands of enterprises that have different forms of ownership and production volumes.
Food itself has already become a rather specific product. This is due to the fact that most products cannot be stored for a long period of time. All this forces manufacturers to look for new innovative production technologies that can increase the shelf life of food products. This results in very high sales competition. All this only moves the Russian food industry forward, introducing various technical innovations.
The fact that almost all domestic products are present on the shelves of the country’s stores indicates that there is a progressive development of this industry. It is, and has always been, closely connected with agriculture - the main supplier of raw materials. The food industry and trade are closely connected.
Food industry branches
What industries are included in the Russian food industry?
- Meat;
- Fish;
- Dairy;
- Bakery;
- Pasta;
- Flour-coarse;
- Oily;
- Fruit and vegetable;
- Food.
The bulk of enterprises involved in the food industry currently belong to the processing industries. The modern food industry in Russia uses the most various ways processing of food raw materials. All this is done with the aim of ensuring safe food consumption and increasing taste qualities. This includes special heat treatment, salting, canning, etc.
Changes in the technological processing of food products make it possible to achieve significant growth in the quality of such products.
According to the State Inspectorate, in recent years the quality of domestic products has increased significantly, and the majority of Russian products have completely surpassed the quality of imported ones. All this helps reduce demand for imported goods.
To develop their own activities of goods manufacturers, the state granted them the right to develop and approve various technical specifications for your products. This allows you to significantly increase the range and diversify the design of food products sold.
Food industry companies at the exhibition
ABOUT modern trends growth and promising directions in the Russian food industry you will be able to get acquainted in more detail at the Agroprodmash exhibition. To do this, you need to come to the largest exhibition complex in the capital, Expocentre Fairgrounds, and attend various seminars, lectures, exhibition halls and much more.