Goncharov, Ivan Alexandrovich, the greatest Russian critic and writer who became famous thanks to his works. His work depicts the lives of people, their way of life and the entire era of the rule of peasant law. One of his famous works, called "Oblomov". Here, the writer expresses his thoughts as a critic, and expressively shows all the actions taking place in the novel.
In this work of the author, the main character is Ilya Oblomov, according to Father Ilyich. This was a gentleman who was brought up by calmness, inaction, and very restless people close to him. Due to this, Oblomov became a practical empty space for himself and for society as a whole. The main tragedy of life was indifference to oneself. WITH early age, he was banned from almost all of his actions and protected from his thoughts in every possible way. Even taking into account walks on the street, which did not take place without the intervention of relatives. With their feelings about the boy, the people around him created this empty appearance in life, for which Ilya will be practically punished by fate. Over time, the boy grew up " indoor plant" And having entered adulthood, it becomes catastrophically difficult for him to maintain life balance in his hands.
Despite all the inaction of the main character, the author mentions an important character trait of Ilya, his harmlessness. This characterized him as a positive character.
Due to the fact that the hero led a useless lifestyle, the scene in which Ilya meets new love, but from his inactions, he sees that she will be able to “pull” him out of this routine. But be that as it may, he finds happiness with Agafya, who gives birth to his son. Because of his inaction, everything went downhill household. Against this background, the ingenuity of the swindlers worked, who, after his death, planned to completely ruin his property.
Oblomov had heart attacks more and more often, during which Agafya caught him. Lately, she was practically waiting for him to die. And now, after a while, Ilya Oblomov suffers another final stroke, which Agafya Matveevna sees, and he leaves his useless life.
Thanks to Stolz, a descendant of the Oblomovs finds himself in good hands. At that time, Stolz lived with Olga and, unlike his father, he was determined to raise the orphan youth. If we take into account the disposition of Andrei’s new father, then the boy will grow up to be a smart and determined guy.
Essay on the Death of Oblomov in Goncharov’s novel
Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov, in his novel “Oblomov,” described a large number of people who live like Oblomov in Oblomovshchina. Everyone would like to allow themselves to live like Oblomov, to lie on the couch for their own pleasure. Oblomov was accustomed to such a life from childhood; his parents taught him that all the servants should do for him. After the death of his parents, Oblomov did not know how to manage so many serfs, so he was not very worried about it. Oblomov is not a stupid man, but his laziness overpowered his activity.
Oblomov was content with the fact that he lay all day long and did nothing, he only cared about food and sleep. Ilya Ilyich seems ready to do something for his serfs, but then the fuse goes out, and he again lies on the sofa and does nothing. Oblomov was not prompted to an active lifestyle either by the help of a friend or by love. He is happy with everything and the changes in his life frighten Oblomov very much, he does not want to do anything to change his life.
Goncharov wanted to write about a man who was not taught how to live an adult life and make decisions on his own. There is dirt and cobwebs all around him in the house, and Oblomov is not bothered by this. Ivan Aleksandrovich wrote about Oblomov as a person with a pure heart; there are very few such people left in society. The material side does not bother Ilya Ilyich; the spiritual side of life is more important to him.
When Olga Ilyinskaya tries to remake the adult Oblomov, he resists this. In the scene described by Goncharov, he even asks his friend Stolz not to let Ilyinskaya come to him anymore. Oblomov doesn’t like that they put pressure on him, he didn’t want to be like his friend, he chose a different path for himself.
After breaking up with Olga Ilyinskaya Oblomov suffers, because his heart is broken, but there was a woman who was able to give Oblomov the affection and care that he dreamed of. His connection with Agafya Matveevna brought him that calm and peace of mind, which Ilyinskaya could not give him.
Oblomov, next to Agafya Matveevna, again felt like a little boy who was being cared for. The fruit of their love was their son Andryushka.
IN Once again, Stolz, who arrived, talking with a friend, realizes that he will soon die. Before his friend’s death, Oblomov asks not to abandon his son and take care of him. Stolz makes a promise to Oblomov that he will raise Andryushka to be a hardworking and responsible person. Everyone retained good memories of Oblomov, as a man who did not become callous in heart and poor in soul. He did not change his principles and remained pure and a bright person in their memory.
Several interesting essays
« Stationmaster" - is the beginning of a new period of creativity of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. If in the novel in verse "Eugene Onegin" he tries to hide his attitude towards household issues with some humor
The character Oblomov and the author Goncharov, who created this classic type, are fully aware of what destroyed this hero, a man with a “dove soul.” The answer is “Oblomovism,” as Ilya Ilyich Oblomov explains to Olga who asked this question. But what is “Oblomovism”? Goncharov figured this out long before the end of his novel.
In 1849, that is, almost ten years before the appearance of the novel “Oblomov” in print, he published a large excerpt from it, entitled “Oblomov’s Dream,” in which he connected the phenomenon of Russian life in question with the prevailing social structure in it, with the nature and climate of the country, with the morals of its population. Let's look at each of these factors separately.
The nature of that blessed corner of the earth where Oblomov spent his childhood does not know “anything grandiose, wild and gloomy.” The climate also corresponds to the peaceful nature. The annual cycle takes place here correctly and calmly: winter, uninterrupted by thaws, lasts just as long as it needs; spring is coming quickly, and during it there is no need to be afraid of sudden blizzards; In the summer, there are clear days for almost three months, the rays of the sun only slightly burn, but do not scorch with unbearable heat. Terrible storms are unheard of. An enthusiastic dreamer and poet may become homesick in this area. Meanwhile, a quiet life is precisely Oblomov’s ideal.
The silence and peace that reigned in nature extended to the morals of the population. The interests of the residents were entirely focused on themselves, since there were no relations with the population of other areas. The disappearance of a pig or chicken was interpreted as an event of national importance. Comparative material security, which guaranteed a piece of daily bread, developed an amazing carelessness. The living embodiment of such carelessness is the peasant Onisim Suslov, whose hut has been hanging over a ravine since time immemorial, threatening to fall every minute. It would seem that the chicken is afraid to enter it, but Onesimus does not even think about the danger.
The morals of the surrounding population were passed on to the inhabitants of the Oblomov estate, which created the good-natured and apathetic Ilya Ilyich. Eating and sleeping with complete idleness - such is the life of Oblomov’s parents and all his household. The whole house consulted about dinner: everyone proposed his own menu, even the elderly aunt was invited to advice. After dinner, sleep followed, during which there was not a single waking soul in the house. The predominance of physical needs, such as food and sleep, led to the fact that mental demands became dull and, finally, completely disappeared. The underdevelopment of the “Oblomovites” reached colossal limits: for example, except for old Oblomov, everyone confused the names of the months and the order of numbers; but they knew a great variety of all sorts of signs and slavishly believed in them. There was absolutely nothing for the Oblomovites to talk about with each other, since, according to the author’s ironic conclusion, their mental treasures were mutually exhausted, and they received little news. No matter how pathetic and wretched such a life was, they did not want another, because another life would be associated with diversity, change and chance, and the inhabitants of the Oblomov estate were afraid of this like fire. How great was their fear of any news is shown by the episode with the receipt of the letter, an extraordinary event in Oblomov’s life.
The picture of their life will be quite complete if we add that among the Oblomovites there was not even a serious interest in farming. They began to repair a structure that had fallen into disrepair no earlier than it was absolutely necessary. The bridge, for example, was repaired only when Antip fell from it into a ditch along with a horse and a barrel. There is no need to prove that such a well-fed and idle life was possible only during serfdom, when everything was paid for and paid for by the work of “three hundred Zakhars.”
This is the environment in which Ilya Ilyich Oblomov spent his childhood years. The author strongly emphasizes that this environment should have had a huge impact on the formation of the hero’s mental and moral being. Suffice it to recall the upbringing of little Ilyusha in his parents' home. From birth, an old, devoted nanny was assigned to him, whose duties included “looking after” the child. This observation consisted of a tireless struggle against manifestations of liveliness and independence in the boy’s character. Influence on mental development The nanny couldn't bear the child. And she fed his imagination only with her ego-softening tales about good fellows, very similar to Ilya Ilyich.
Most fairy tales featured a kind sorceress who patronized her favorite and, in the end, married him to an unheard-of beauty, Militrisa Kirbityevna. Little Ilyusha, under the impression of such fairy tales, began to be drawn to a wonderful land, where he did not have to work and where his Militris was waiting for him. The influence of the parents not only was not a counterbalance to the influence of the nanny, but, on the contrary, strengthened it. Ilyusha’s mother provided the child to the old woman only partly: in her free time from household chores, she made sure that the sun did not burn her son’s head, that he did not run into a ravine, and the like. Even more than the nanny, the mother softened the child’s pride: not embarrassed by the presence of her son, she loved to talk with the household about his future, and made him the hero of some brilliant epic she created.
When Ilya Ilyich grew from a child into a youth, the basis of his upbringing changed little, despite the fact that instead of a nanny, the serf boy Zakharka was now constantly with him. As soon as Ilyusha wakes up, Zakharka is already standing by the bed and, as a nanny used to do, pulls on his stockings and puts on his shoes, and Ilyusha, already a fourteen-year-old boy, only knows that he is holding out one or the other leg for him. And Zakharka is not the only one at his disposal; as soon as he blinks, three or four servants rush to fulfill his desire. It is not surprising that Ilyusha, like a greenhouse plant, grew slowly and sluggishly. The only thing that could overcome the influence of such an upbringing was the teaching at the boarding school of the efficient and energetic German Stolz, who managed the neighboring estate.
Stolz immediately entered into a stubborn struggle with the education system of the Oblomovites, who, having agreed to subject Ilyusha to school teaching only because without him it was impossible to achieve the embroidered uniform of an official, in every possible way opposed Stolz in his attempts to subject the boy to the strict regime of his boarding school. German persistence might have overcome the influence of Oblomov’s followers on Ilyusha if the latter had not found an ally in the person of Stolz’s son, Andrei, who became so attached to Ilyusha that he did translations for him and gave him lessons. This freed Ilyusha from the need to work, and work was the only means of fighting “Oblomovism.”
The influence of the latter was strengthened by the fact that Ilya Ilyich, who from childhood had observed serfdom, in which such a sharp line was drawn between “people” and “masters” that a yard boy, for complaining about Ilyusha’s mistreatment of him, received beaters instead of fair satisfaction, felt himself as a master. In this regard, his quarrel with Zakhar, who dared to say that since “others are changing apartments, then why not Ilya Ilyich too,” is extremely characteristic. Oblomov became extremely indignant and blasted Zakhar:
“Another works tirelessly,” he says, “runs around, fusses, never works, never eats, another bows, another asks, humiliates himself.” And I? Well, decide what you think, the other one is me, huh?.. Am I rushing about, am I working? I don’t eat enough, or what? Skinny or pitiful-looking? Am I missing anything? It seems that there is someone to give it to? I have never pulled a stocking over my feet as I live, thank God. Will I worry? What do I need? And who am I telling this to? Haven't you been following me since childhood? You know all this, you saw that I was brought up tenderly, that I did not endure cold or hunger, I knew no need, I did not earn my own bread, and in general I did not do dirty work.
Oblomov's consciousness darkened so much that pride appeared from the advantage of doing nothing. Oblomov is indignant at the mere comparison of him with others.
Serfdom was the foundation of such a life. Zakhars and hundreds of Zakhars made manifestation unnecessary own initiative, own activities. There was no need for life's struggle. Hence - complete helplessness, fear of life.
Conclusion:
Goncharov – great master an episode that reveals the true essence of the hero’s character. Oblomov’s dream is the writer’s desire to penetrate the secret of the soul, fully reveal the image, analyze the hero’s actions, and show his worldview. Sleep is a special human state. The feelings experienced during a dream-vision are of particular significance: they exactly translate the feelings that a person experiences in real life. The comprehensive picture of the dream shows collective image Oblomovka, this society in which there is no place for everything active, progressive, thinking. Oblomov’s dream is a key event, a sample episode, this is the line beyond which it begins true understanding novel.
Article outline
I. Introduction
Time of appearance of the excerpt “Oblomov’s Dream”.
His place in the novel
II. Main part
Oblomov as the cause of “Oblomovism”.
a) Nature:
- lack of “grand, wild and gloomy”,
- no struggle with nature,
- lack of poetic impressions.
b) Climate.
c) Morals of the population:
- pettiness,
- limited interests,
- carelessness,
- absence of accidents.
d) Estate:
- predominance of physical needs,
- underdevelopment,
- fear of change,
- attitude towards the economy,
- the reasons for it.
e) Oblomovka’s influence on Oblomov.
- childhood,
- adolescence.
III. Conclusion. Oblomov and “others”.
31.12.2020 “The work on writing essays 9.3 on the collection of tests for the OGE 2020, edited by I.P. Tsybulko, has been completed on the site’s forum.”
10.11.2019 - On the site forum, work on writing essays on the collection of tests for the Unified State Exam 2020, edited by I.P. Tsybulko, has ended.
20.10.2019 - On the site forum, work has begun on writing essays 9.3 on the collection of tests for the OGE 2020, edited by I.P. Tsybulko.
20.10.2019 - On the site forum, work has begun on writing essays on the collection of tests for the Unified State Exam 2020, edited by I.P. Tsybulko.
20.10.2019 - Friends, many materials on our website are borrowed from the books of Samara methodologist Svetlana Yuryevna Ivanova. Starting this year, all her books can be ordered and received by mail. She sends collections to all parts of the country. All you have to do is call 89198030991.
29.09.2019 - Over all the years of operation of our website, the most popular material from the Forum, dedicated to the essays based on the collection of I.P. Tsybulko 2019, has become the most popular. It was watched by more than 183 thousand people. Link >>
22.09.2019 - Friends, please note that the texts of presentations for the 2020 OGE will remain the same
15.09.2019 - A master class on preparing for the Final Essay in the direction of “Pride and Humility” has begun on the forum website.
10.03.2019 - On the site forum, work on writing essays on the collection of tests for the Unified State Exam by I.P. Tsybulko has been completed.
07.01.2019 - Dear visitors! In the VIP section of the site, we have opened a new subsection that will be of interest to those of you who are in a hurry to check (complete, clean up) your essay. We will try to check quickly (within 3-4 hours).
16.09.2017 - Collection of stories by I. Kuramshina “Filial Duty”, which also includes stories presented on the site’s bookshelf Traps of the Unified State Exam, can be purchased both electronically and in paper form at the link >>
09.05.2017 - Today Russia celebrates the 72nd anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War! Personally, we have one more reason to be proud: it was on Victory Day, 5 years ago, that our website went live! And this is our first anniversary!
16.04.2017 - In the VIP section of the site, an experienced expert will check and correct your work: 1. All types of essays for the Unified State Exam in literature. 2. Essays on the Unified State Exam in Russian. P.S. The most profitable monthly subscription!
16.04.2017 - The work on writing a new block of essays based on the texts of the Obz has FINISHED on the site.
25.02 2017 - Work has begun on the site on writing essays based on the texts of OB Z. Essays on the topic “What is good?” You can already watch.
28.01.2017 - Ready-made ones appeared on the website condensed statements according to the texts of the FIPI Obz,
Roman "Oblomov" summary which is given in this article, was published in 1859. It was written by the famous Russian writer Ivan Goncharov. A huge amount of work has been done. The novel was written over 10 years. After the work was completed, the author admitted that in it he told about his life. He also points out that he and the main character of the novel - the nihilist Oblomov - are united by many common features. Immediately after its publication, the work became the subject of heated debate among critics and writers.
Meet the main characters
The setting of the novel is the city of St. Petersburg, Gorokhovaya Street. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov lives here with his servant Zakhar. The main character, being a young man, leads an idle lifestyle. He does nothing except talk all day long about how he should live and dreams of a quiet life in his native village of Oblomovka. Ilya Ilyich does not care at all about any problems: the fact that they are going to him and the fact that the farm is in complete decline. U young man There is a friend who is the complete opposite of him. This is Andrey Ivanovich Stolts. He is very active and active. Trying to stir up his lazy friend, Andrei invites him to banquets in best houses Petersburg. It is unlikely that a summary will be able to convey all the feelings and thoughts of the main characters. “Oblomov” is a novel that has not lost its relevance in our time. We highly recommend reading it.
Oblomov fell in love
What happens next? After Oblomov began going out into the world, he was simply unrecognizable. He gets up not during the day, but in the morning, which he has never done before, is interested in everything that happens around him and writes a lot. Everyone around him is shocked by such a metamorphosis in the behavior of the young lazy man. What happened to him? It turns out that the young man fell in love. At one of the receptions, Oblomov met Olga Ilyinskaya. She, in turn, answers him. The history of the development of their relationship is unlikely to be conveyed by a brief summary. Oblomov soon invites Olga to marry.
Oblomov in the house on Vyborg side
But this “ebullient activity” of the young nihilist did not last long. Soon he settles in the house of Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna on the Vyborg side. This home is as old and dilapidated as Oblomov himself will soon become. Olga is trying to shake up her loved one, to pull him out of this “swamp.” But, having come to his house, she realized that all her efforts would be in vain. Agafya Matveevna takes care of Ilya Ilyich, preparing his favorite dishes and repairing old shabby things. Unexpectedly for herself, she realizes that she has fallen in love with her master. Soon their son Andryusha was born. It is impossible to follow how dramatically the life of the main character changes if you only skim through the summary. Oblomov did not immediately become a prisoner of his “blessed paradise” in Agafya’s house. Trying to free himself from the tenacious shackles of laziness and apathy, he first tries to renew his relationship with Olga. But soon the quagmire of idleness and lethargy completely sucks him in.
Love of Olga and Stolz
Here is only a brief summary of Oblomov. IN full version In the novel you will read about how Olga’s love feeling for Stolz arose and developed. In the article we will only mention how one day our heroine realized that Andrei had ceased to be just a friend for her. Stolz always liked Olga, and her attitude towards Oblomov revealed a new side to her for her lover. These two were born to be happy together.
Ending
The novel ends with a story about little son Oblomov Andryusha. The main character himself is no longer alive. Dying, he begged his friend not to leave his son. Therefore, the Stoltsy, who by that time also had children, took little Oblomov to raise. This novel was written during a difficult period in the history of Russia. A brief summary cannot convey the fullness of the contradictory views and ways of that time. “Oblomov” is a work that will be useful for everyone to read. After all, it has a meaning
However, the hero never reached native village. The theme “Oblomov and the men” runs through the entire novel. Even in the first chapters, we learned that in the absence of the master, life is difficult for the peasants. The headman reports that the men are “running away,” “begging for rent.” While Oblomov was drowning in his problems, he missed the opportunity to pave a road, build a bridge, as his neighbor, a village landowner, did. It cannot be said that Ilya Ilyich does not think about his peasants at all. But his plans boil down to ensuring that everything remains as it is. And to the advice to open a school for the man, Oblomov replies with horror that “he probably won’t even plow…” But time cannot be stopped. In the finale we learn that “Oblomovka is no longer in the wilderness, the rays of the sun fell on it!” The peasants, no matter how difficult it was, managed without the master: “... In four years it will be a road station, the men will go to work on the embankment, and then bread will roll along the cast iron to the pier... And there... schools, literacy...” But did they manage Ilya Ilyich without Oblomovka? Using the logic of the narrative, Goncharov proves his favorite thoughts. And the fact that on the conscience of every landowner lies concern for the fate of hundreds of people. And what country life is the most natural and therefore the most harmonious for the Russian person; she herself will guide, teach and suggest what to do better than any “plans”
^ In the house on Vyborgskaya Oblomov sank. What was a free dream became a hallucination - “the present and the past merged and mixed up.” On his first visit, Stolz managed to get Oblomov off the couch. In the second, he helped a friend in solving practical matters. And now she realizes with horror that she is powerless to change anything: “Get out of this hole, out of the swamp, into the light, into the open space, where there is healthy, normal life!” - Stolz insisted...
“Don’t remember, don’t disturb the past: you can’t bring it back! - said Oblomov. “I’ve grown to this hole with a sore spot: if you try to tear it off, there will be death... I feel everything, I understand everything: I’ve been ashamed to live in the world for a long time!” But I can’t go your way with you, even if I wanted to... Maybe the last time was still possible. Now... now it’s too late...” Even Olga is not able to resurrect him: “Olga! - the frightened Oblomov suddenly burst out... - For God’s sake, don’t let her come here, go away!
As on his first visit, Stolz sums it up sadly:
- What's there? – Olga asked...
- Nothing!..
– Is he alive and well?
- Why did you come back so soon? Why didn’t you call me there and bring him? Let me in!
- It is forbidden!
– What is going on there?... Has “the abyss opened”? Will you tell me?.. What's going on there?
- Oblomovism!
And if Ilya Ilyich found people who agree to endure this life around them, then nature itself, it seems, came out against it, measuring out short term such an existence. That is why the same Agafya Matveevna’s attempts to limit her husband produce a tragicomic impression. “How many times have you gone through? - she asked Vanyusha... - Don’t lie, look at me... Remember Sunday, I won’t let you visit.” And Oblomov, willy-nilly, counted eight more times, then came into the room...”; “It would be nice to have some pie!” - “I forgot, I really forgot! I wanted to since the evening, but my memory seems to have gone missing!” - Agafya Matveevna cheated.” This makes no sense. For she cannot offer him any other purpose in life other than food and sleep.
Every day there is a new discovery!
Goncharov devotes relatively little space to describing the illness and death of his hero. Why? Because the worst thing has already happened to Oblomov. Spiritual death preceded physical death. “He died because he ended...” (I. Annensky). “Vulgarity has finally triumphed over purity of heart, love, and ideals.”
Goncharov says goodbye to his hero with an emotional lyrical requiem: “What happened to Oblomov? Where is he? Where? “In the nearest cemetery, under a modest urn, his body rests. Lilac branches, planted by a friendly hand, doze over the grave, and wormwood smells serenely. It seems that the angel of silence himself is guarding his sleep.”
It would seem that there is an undeniable contradiction here. A high funeral speech for a fallen hero! But life cannot be considered useless when someone remembers you. Bright sadness filled the life of Agafya Matveevna with the highest meaning: “She realized that God put a soul into her life and took it out again; that the sun shone in it and darkened forever... Forever, really; but on the other hand, her life was forever comprehended: now she knew why she lived and that she did not live in vain.”
In the finale, we meet Zakhar in the guise of a beggar on the church porch. The orphaned valet prefers to ask for Christ's sake rather than serve the “objectionable” lady. The following dialogue takes place between Stolz and his literary acquaintance about the late Oblomov:
- And he was no more stupid than others, his soul was pure and clear, like glass; noble, gentle, and - disappeared!
- From what? What reason?
- Reason... what a reason! Oblomovism! - said Stolz.
- Oblomovism! – the writer repeated with bewilderment. - What it is?
- Now I’ll tell you... And you write it down: maybe it will be useful to someone. “And he told him what was written here.”
Thus, the composition of the novel is strictly circular; it is impossible to isolate the beginning and end in it. Everything that we read from the first pages, it turns out, can be interpreted as a story about Oblomov, his friend. At the same time, Stolz could tell the story of a recently completed life. So the circle human life completed twice: in reality and in the memories of friends.
Goncharov, the singer of harmony, could not end his book with one minor note. A new one appears in the epilogue little hero, which, perhaps, will be able to harmoniously combine best features father and teacher. “Don’t forget my Andrey! - were last words Oblomov, spoken in a faded voice...” “No, I won’t forget your Andrei,” Stolz promises. “But I will take your Andrei where you could not go and with him we will put our youthful dreams into action.”
“Oblomov in Goncharov’s novel” - There is no sleep, no fatigue, no boredom on his face.” Oblomov's dream. The idea for the novel “Oblomov” arose from I.A. Goncharov in the late 40s of the 19th century. As a child, Ilyusha Oblomov was a lively and inquisitive child. Oblomov and Stolz. The second and third parts are devoted to the love story of Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya. The chapter “Oblomov’s Dream” shows the origins of the hero’s character.
“Oblomov” - What details are described by the author in the most detail? Fill in the table with quotes from the novel. Lilac branch. I. A. Goncharov “Oblomov”. Read chapters 2 – 4 and answer the questions. Portrait as a means of creating an image. Observe how the portrait reflects the characters. Love story. Andrey Stolts (part 2, chapters 1 – 5).
“Roman Goncharov Oblomov” - Stolz. Copying reality, cast from life. Secret Committee for Peasant Affairs. “Oblomov’s Dream” by I. A. Goncharov, 1849. " Noble Nest" Turgeneva I.S. 1859. Grigoriev A.A. Goncharov enters the Moscow Commercial School on Ostozhenka. 1812 1819 1822. Publication of the novel “Ordinary History” in the magazine “Sovremennik” (conceived in 1844).
“Oblomov Goncharova” - Homemade suit. During 1958, work on the novel began. Oblomov is kind to everyone and deserves boundless love.” Frigate "Pallada" (1858) (essays on trip around the world). Oblomov in the system of the author's reasoning. Precipice (1868). Ivan Alexandrovich Goncharov (1812 – 1891). From the history of the creation of the river. N. A. Dobrolyubov.
“Stolz and Oblomov” - Oblomov and Stolz.
“Goncharov’s novel Oblomov” - What details of Oblomov’s portrait would you note? D. S. Merezhkovsky 1890 ?????????? Sudbinsky. Patriarchal. What prevented the mutual happiness of the heroes? Death of Oblomov. Oblomovism. Part II). Criticism about Olga Ilinskaya. Roman "Oblomov". Problems of novels. “I loved the future Oblomov!” Oblomov's choice.
There are 8 presentations in total
How did I. A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” end?
Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov's novel Oblomov ends very simply and, so to speak, according to the script.
Whatever you say, but main character In the novel, Oblomov became a favorite and more congenial hero for many readers, despite the fact that the novel was written more than 100 years ago. Therefore, this novel can be re-read endlessly, and each time you discover something new.
Oblomov’s novel ends with Ilya Oblomov dying (Oblomov developed many illnesses from constant laziness and lying down)
Olga married Stolz. They took in Ilya Oblomov’s son (the son was born from Oblomov’s relationship with a simple woman)
Great I am not afraid of this word Roman! I advise everyone to read love line Oblomov and Olga’s relationship did not end with anything, since she stayed with Oblomov’s friend Stolz, and Oblomov had a child from a woman who took care of the housework in his house. In general, Oblomov did not reach any heights, neither with his household, nor with Olga, and he could not solve his affairs with anything, he was always lazy, and it was easy to deceive him
The title of the novel contains the whole plot and the script is a complete bummer. A man who showed promise, was smart, handsome, in the end he lost all his potential and died almost in poverty in a small hut with a woman who cleaned and washed for him, from whom a son appeared, but whom Stolz and Olga took to raise him. As they say, if you are talented, then you are talented in everything, and if you are lazy, then sooner or later collapse will overtake you, all that remains is to say this is my fate.
Quite naturally, the novel ends with the death of the main character, Ilya Oblomov. This is like a verdict on the lifestyle that he led and which led to nothing. However, Oblomov found his happiness, he married Agafya, and had a son. But his indifference and laziness completely ruined Oblomov, he couldn’t look after the household himself, and the scammers did not sleep. So after the death of his father, Oblomov’s son would have been threatened with poverty if not for Stolz, who, by that time married Olga, took the boy in to raise him. I think that with such an adoptive father, Andrei Oblomov should grow up to be a completely different person than his own father was.
The novel ends with a kind of epilogue, in which Zakhar tells the story of his unsettled existence: he was kicked out from everywhere, because in modern times the masters needed much fewer servants, and he couldn’t cope with his responsibilities: he either drank at the workplace, or crushed expensive Bohemian dishes, then he will commit other offenses of varying degrees of unacceptableness. I ended up a beggar begging for a penny. Stolz promised him a corner on the condition that Zakhar would not drink.
The fate of the heroes is discussed in the penultimate chapter. Ilya Ilyich died from a stroke,
His widow Agafya Matveevna was, of course, a woman of a different plane than Olga, but she loved her husband sincerely, because after his death
Her farm was cleaned up by her brother and his wife, for whom she was actually a servant, since
She gave her little son Andryusha to be raised by the Stolts. Thus, the author gives the reader hope that Oblomovism will not spread further, and little Oblomov will not repeat the fate of his father, in a healthy balance of his Russian soul and half-German upbringing.
Ilya Ilyich Oblomov died at the end of this work, which, in my opinion, perfectly shows the incorrectness of his life, his existence. The man who leads meaningless life, doesn’t see the point in it, so he dies.
THE ENDING OF THE NOVEL BY I. A. GONCHAROV OBLOMOV.
The ending of Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov's novel Fathers and Sons was, to some extent, quite predictable. Andrey Ivanovich Stolts, which accounts for best friend Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, got married on beautiful Olga Sergeevna Ilinskaya. Unfortunately, further relations Things didn’t work out between Oblomov and Ilyinskaya: they are too different people. Ilya Ilyich was the first to write a letter to Olga Ilyinskaya asking her to forgive him, but the couple has no future. As he himself said, his life will be a burden to Olga, and he will never resort to the path of correction.
The main character of the novel Ilya Ilyich married Agafya Petrovna Matveevna, the owner of an apartment in a village to which he had once moved to escape the problems and turmoil that had arisen in the city.
Soon after the engagement, was born firstborn. The hero was named Andrey.
After parting with the master, the servant Zakhar started drinking heavily.
Later Ilya Ilyich Oblomov died. Life had lost all meaning for him, so he did not want to stay in this world.
Agafya Petrovna was very worried about the death of Ilya Ilyich and could not come to terms with his passing away.
Small Andrey Stoltsy adopted and considered him family.
Goncharov, Ivan Alexandrovich, the greatest Russian critic and writer who became famous thanks to his works. His work depicts the lives of people, their way of life and the entire era of the rule of peasant law. One of his famous works is called “Oblomov”. Here, the writer expresses his thoughts as a critic, and expressively shows all the actions taking place in the novel.
In this work of the author, the main character is Ilya Oblomov, according to Father Ilyich. This was a gentleman who was brought up by calmness, inaction, and very restless people close to him. Due to this, Oblomov became a practical empty space for himself and for society as a whole. The main tragedy of life was indifference to oneself. From an early age, he was banned from almost all of his actions and was protected from his thoughts in every possible way. Even taking into account walks on the street, which did not take place without the intervention of relatives. With their feelings about the boy, the people around him created this empty appearance in life, for which Ilya will be practically punished by fate. Over time, the boy grew up to be a “houseplant.” And having entered adulthood, it becomes catastrophically difficult for him to maintain life balance in his hands.
Despite all the inaction of the main character, the author mentions an important character trait of Ilya, his harmlessness. This characterized him as a positive character.
Due to the fact that the hero led a useless lifestyle, the scene in which Ilya meets a new love, but due to his inaction, he sees that she can “pull” him out of this routine, also speaks. But be that as it may, he finds happiness with Agafya, who gives birth to his son. Because of his inaction, the entire household went downhill. Against this background, the ingenuity of the swindlers worked, who, after his death, planned to completely ruin his property.
Oblomov had heart attacks more and more often, during which Agafya caught him. Lately, she had been practically waiting for him to die. And now, after a while, Ilya Oblomov suffers another final stroke, which Agafya Matveevna sees, and he leaves his useless life.
Thanks to Stolz, a descendant of the Oblomovs finds himself in good hands. At that time, Stolz lived with Olga and, unlike his father, he was determined to raise the orphan youth. If we take into account the disposition of Andrei’s new father, then the boy will grow up to be a smart and determined guy.
Essay on the Death of Oblomov in Goncharov’s novel
Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov, in his novel “Oblomov,” described a large number of people who live like Oblomov in Oblomovshchina. Everyone would like to allow themselves to live like Oblomov, to lie on the couch for their own pleasure. Oblomov was accustomed to such a life from childhood; his parents taught him that all the servants should do for him. After the death of his parents, Oblomov did not know how to manage so many serfs, so he was not very worried about it. Oblomov is not a stupid man, but his laziness overpowered his activity.
Oblomov was content with the fact that he lay all day long and did nothing, he only cared about food and sleep. Ilya Ilyich seems ready to do something for his serfs, but then the fuse goes out, and he again lies on the sofa and does nothing. Oblomov was not prompted to an active lifestyle either by the help of a friend or by love. He is happy with everything and the changes in his life frighten Oblomov very much, he does not want to do anything to change his life.
Goncharov wanted to write about a man who was not taught how to live an adult life and make decisions on his own. There is dirt and cobwebs all around him in the house, and Oblomov is not bothered by this. Ivan Aleksandrovich wrote about Oblomov as a person with a pure heart; there are very few such people left in society. The material side does not bother Ilya Ilyich; the spiritual side of life is more important to him.
When Olga Ilyinskaya tries to remake the adult Oblomov, he resists this. In the scene described by Goncharov, he even asks his friend Stolz not to let Ilyinskaya come to him anymore. Oblomov doesn’t like that they put pressure on him, he didn’t want to be like his friend, he chose a different path for himself.
After breaking up with Olga Ilyinskaya, Oblomov suffers, because his heart is broken, but a woman was found who was able to give Oblomov the affection and care that he dreamed of. His connection with Agafya Matveevna brought him the peace and peace of mind that Ilyinskaya could not give him.
Oblomov, next to Agafya Matveevna, again felt like a little boy who was being cared for. The fruit of their love was their son Andryushka.
Once again, Stolz, who arrived, talking with a friend, realizes that he will soon die. Before his friend’s death, Oblomov asks not to abandon his son and take care of him. Stolz makes a promise to Oblomov that he will raise Andryushka to be a hardworking and responsible person. Everyone retained good memories of Oblomov, as a man who did not become callous in heart and poor in soul. He did not change his principles and remained a pure and bright person in their memory.
Several interesting essays
- Analysis of the fairy tale 12 months of Marshak
In a wonderful winter's tale S. Marshak tells about a miracle that happened to a little girl at the end of the year. This magical story allows you to feel the charm winter forest and feel the New Year's atmosphere
- The main characters of the comedy Woe from Wit by Griboyedov
Quite a lot of different and interesting characters participate in this comedy by Griboyedov. But despite them a large number of, the main action, however, is centered around several main characters.
- Analysis of the story by Galosh Zoshchenko
Mikhail Zoshchenko's story "Galosh" in to a greater extent belongs to the comic genre. It ridicules the useless work of office workers who do nothing more than paperwork.
- Analysis of the Lyuban chapter of the work Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow
Lyuban – chapter 4 of Radishchev’s legendary work Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow. According to most readers, it is one of the most known parts this story. The reason for such
- Essay Morning that changed life After the ball for 8th grade
Sometimes it happens that one small episode can change your opinion about a person and later life. This happened in Leo Tolstoy’s story “After the Ball”
Sections: Literature
Goals:
- to uncover philosophical meaning works, improve students’ reading activity, skills in working with critical literature and literary text;
- develop skills in discussion thinking and communication culture;
- show the relevance and time value of the work.
During the classes
I. Organizational stage.(Slide1)
1. Viewing of the finale of the film directed by N. Mikhalkov “A few days in the life of Oblomov.” (Slide 2)
2. Conversation.
Compare the ending of the film and the ending of the novel "Oblomov". (In the film there are no scenes with Pshenitsyna, there is no scene of farewell between Stolz and Oblomov, but there is a message about Oblomov’s death.)
Read the epigraph. (Slide 3, 4)
(- Why did everything perish?. . Who cursed you, Ilya? What have you done? You are kind, smart, gentle, noble: and: you are perishing! What ruined you? There is no name for this evil:
“Yes,” he said barely audibly:
Oblomovism! - he whispered:
Goncharov "Oblomov"
Who will tell us that we did not know how to live,
Soulless and idle minds,
That kindness and tenderness did not burn in us
And we didn’t sacrifice beauty?:It’s not a pity for life with languid breathing,
What is life and death? What a pity about that fire
That shone over the whole universe,
And he walks into the night and cries as he leaves.
A. Fet.)
What question do you think we will try to answer?
(The topic question opens: “Why did everything die?”) (Slide 5)
- “What happened to Oblomov? Where is he? Where? - In the nearest cemetery, under a modest urn, his body rests, between the bushes, in the calm. Lilac branches, planted by a friendly hand, doze over the grave, and the serene scent of wormwood. It seems like an angel himself silence guards his sleep: "
Key words in this snippet? (Calm; lilac branches are dozing; the angel of silence himself guards his sleep) (Slide 6)
Death: Sleep: Life: Based on these key words, what is Oblomov's life like? (Life is like a dream) (Slide 7)
What about sleep? (Sleep is like death)
Let's add to the topic of the lesson. (The whole topic of the lesson opens) (Slide 8)
Determine our main task in this lesson.
(Answer the question of the topic, try to understand the reason for the death of the hero, try to understand Oblomov).
3. The teacher explains how to work with the scoring table using a ten-point system.
II. Examination homework.
1. - You should have been at home keywords text to show the compositional contrast of the novel "Oblomov". Who will present this plan to us and comment?
(One of the students suggested this option:
Part 1 (Slide 9)
a) “He must be a good-natured person, simplicity”, or maybe “a darling, a sybarite” or “a carefree sloth”? (Introducing the main character);
b) “Where is the person here?” (Visitors and Oblomov’s opinion about them);
c) “Silence and imperturbable calm reign in the morals of the people in that region.” ("Oblomov's Dream").
Part 2 (Slide 10)
a) “Because on it: they always break up afterwards, and I: break up with you!.. Never!”;
b) “To go forward means to suddenly throw off the wide robe not only from your shoulders, but also from your soul, from your mind; together with the dust and cobwebs from the walls, sweep away the cobwebs from your eyes and see clearly!” (An attempt to revive the hero through love, home, activity).
Part 3 (Slide 11)
a) “And this whole summer, blooming poem of love seemed to stop, moved more lazily, as if there was not enough content in it”;
b) “The heart was killed: life died down there for a while” (Catastrophic return back to the old life: rejection of love, bitter awareness of the impossibility of fulfilling the expectations and demands of Olga Ilyinskaya. 2 hours and 3 hours end with climactic scenes: 2 hours - ascending, 3 hours - descending, that is, the hero’s joyful cry and silent illness)
Part 4 (Slide 12)
a) “Man was created to arrange himself and even change his nature: You had wings, but you untied them” (Stolz, Stolz and Olga);
b) “They were all connected by one common sympathy, one memory of the soul of the deceased, clear as crystal” (Epilogue).
2. “So why did everything die?” Perhaps the reason is in the environment? At home, you drew up a diagram of Oblomov’s relationships with other characters in the novel. "Oblomov's tree of life" (Slide 13)
As we see, the environment is one of the reasons for the death of the hero. Oblomov is unhappy, being in an environment devoid of spirituality. But is this not why he decides, after the takeoff and soaring of his soul, given to him by love, to so quickly descend to the earth’s surface, that is, to settle on the Vyborg side? The impression is that he is taking revenge on himself for his inability and inability to realize his dreams and spiritual impulses. He chooses his own punishment. Which?
III. Work on the topic of the lesson.
Motif of fire and river. (Slide 14)
The word "life" is mentioned in the topic of the lesson. What symbols of life are found in the novel? (Fire, river).
So, the motif of the river and fire in the novel "Oblomov". “And where did everything go - why did it go out?” Your comments?
How did Oblomov and Stolz perceive life?
What is the literal and figurative meaning of the river and fire
(Oblomov and Stolz are antipodes, and when reading the novel, we perceive them as two rivers and two fires). (Slide 15)
(Different combustion and flow).
How is this shown in the text?
(“He didn’t want to imagine it as a wide, noisily rushing river with seething waves,” as Stolz imagined it, “it’s a disease,” says Oblomov, “fever, jumping with rapids, with dam breaks, with floods”).
How do we see the life of Oblomovka?
(“Nothing is needed: life, like a calm river, flowed past them, they could only sit on the bank of this river and observe the inevitable phenomena that, in turn, without a call, appeared before each of them,” it becomes clear why Oblomov in inaction)
How is the fire motif shown?
(Stolz believed that “the normal purpose of a person is to live through 4 seasons, that is, 4 ages, without leaps, to carry the vessel of life to the last day, without spilling a single drop in vain, and that an even and slow burning of fire is better than violent fires, no matter what poetry there was no flame in them."
Oblomov says: “No, my life began with extinction, it’s strange, but it’s so! From the first minute, when I realized myself, I felt that I was already extinguishing. I began to fade away while writing papers in the office, then I died out while proofreading in books of truth, with which I did not know what to do in life, I hung out with my friends, listening to talk, gossip, mockery, angry and cold chatter"
Stolz believes that his existence will be an eternal burning: “Life will flash by like an instant, and he [Oblomov] would lie down and go to sleep! Let it be a constant burning! Oh, if you lived two hundred, three hundred, how much you could redo things!”) .
In what other meaning is fire given?
(Zakhar “inflamed with zeal”; Olga, whose eyes “burned with rays of inner fire”, “spiritual fire”).
How do you understand the "fire of Vesta"? (Slide 16)
(“The norm of life was prepared and taught to them by their parents: with a covenant to guard its integrity and inviolability, like the fire of Vesta,” that is, an ever-burning fire guarded by priestesses. In the novel, this is an image of the inviolability of the way of life, stagnation and inertia).
How do you understand “Antonov’s spiritual fire”? (Slide 17)
(This popular name gangrene, disease. Illness of the soul, Stolz and Olga talk about Oblomov as a sick person, and the hero needs treatment).
2. Motive of sleep. (Slide 18)
We read the topic of the lesson: “Life is like a dream:” How is the motif of sleep shown in the novel? What is the definition of the word "sleep" in the dictionary?
A physiological state of rest and rest that occurs at certain intervals, in which the work of consciousness almost completely stops and reactions to external stimuli decrease. Fall into sleep. Fall into eternal sleep. Like in a dream. Moon.
What is dreamed is dreamed by the sleeper, a dream. I have dreams. See a dream. Sleep in hand.).
The writing of the novel began with the chapter “Oblomov’s Dream.” This is a figurative semantic key to understanding the entire work. Oblomovka is a “sleepy kingdom” in the form of a vicious circle. “Oblomov’s Dream” - dreams, nostalgia about the past of both the hero and Zakhar. "Oblomov's Dream" - a dream of a lost paradise. How do you understand "dream of paradise lost"?
(In the novel we read:
“For mercy!” added Oblomov more boldly. “But the goal of all your running around, passions, wars, trade and politics is not the manufacture of peace, not the desire for this ideal of a lost paradise.
And your utopia is Oblomov’s,” Stolz objected. ")
What is Stolz talking about?
(Utopia is a place that does not exist).
Why, reading the novel, especially the chapter “Dream,” can we safely call Goncharov a Russian Flemish, and his work [the chapter] a pastoral?
(Slide 19) Fleming - artist of conventional and traditional art of Flanders, [traditional name art XVII- XVIII centuries]. Flemings: Jan Van Eyck is an artist, a master of inspired, graceful portraits, A. Brouwer is a master of dramatic and expressive landscapes, H. Huysmans is a master of elegant, colorful landscapes. Goncharov is a writer and draftsman.
(Slide 20) Pastoral is a dramatic or musical work that idyllically depicts the life of shepherds and shepherdesses in the lap of nature.
(Slide 21) Idyll - 1. A poetic work depicting a virtuous, serene life in the lap of nature. 2. Peaceful, happy existence.
According to D. Merezhkovsky, in his descriptions Goncharov dwells for a long time with special love on the prosaic details of life. “The same love for the everyday side of life, the same ability to transform the prose of reality into poetry and beauty. Re-read “Oblomov’s Dream”: food, tea drinking, ordering food, chatting, the fun of old-world landowners here take on ideal shape: Goncharov does not describe, but sings of morals Oblomovtsev,” emphasizes Dmitry Sergeevich.
Your comments?
(“Oblomov’s Dream” is an idyll dream, a warning dream, a utopian dream of a “happy society” and a dystopian dream of historical stagnation and inaction).
How does D. Merezhkovsky talk about death? Compare with the novel.
(“Death is only the evening of life, when soft shadows fly over the eyes and close them for eternal sleep”) (Slide 22)
3. Motive of silence. (Slide 23)
How is the motif of silence shown in the novel?
(“Deep silence reigned in the house” [Oblomovka]
“Eternal peace, eternal silence and lazy crawling from day to day quietly stopped the machine of life. Ilya Ilyich died, as if a clock had stopped that had forgotten to wind:”
“Agafya Matveevna: found him resting as meekly on his deathbed as on his bed of sleep.”
Clock stopped. Stopped the machine of life :)
What is Oblomov's death like?
This is the fate of a man with a “heart of gold” and a “soul as pure as crystal.” Who are we talking about and whose words are these? (Author's opinion about Oblomov.)
Why exactly the “golden heart” and “pure soul”?
(“At the base of Oblomov’s nature lay a pure and good beginning, filled with deep sympathy for everything that was good and that only opened up and responded to the call of this simple, simple, eternally trusting heart: Whoever accidentally and deliberately looked into this bright, childish soul - be he is gloomy, angry - he could no longer refuse him reciprocity." [Author]).
Oblomov tried to understand the “pattern of his own life,” but what is the poetic ideal of life?
Norma's aria "Casta diva" from the opera of the same name by V. Bellini plays in the background, the teacher reads an excerpt from the novel (Slides 24 - 30):
"- Well, I would get up in the morning: The weather is beautiful, the sky is blue and blue, not a single cloud: While waiting for my wife to wake up, I would put on a dressing gown and walk around the garden to breathe in the morning fumes; I would find a gardener there, watering flowers together, trimmed bushes, trees: Then, putting on a spacious frock coat or jacket of some kind, hugging his wife around the waist, go deeper with her into the endless, dark alley; walk quietly, thoughtfully, silently, or think out loud, dream, count the minutes of happiness, how. the beat of the pulse; listen to how the heart beats and stops; look for sympathy in nature: and quietly go out to the field: it is dark, the fog hangs over the rye; It’s time to go home. The lights are already on in the kitchen; a frying pan of mushrooms, cutlets, berries: there’s music: Casta diva! - Oblomov sang: What a sadness this woman is in! sounds!. And no one knows anything around: She is alone: The secret weighs on her; she entrusts it to the moon:
Do you love Aria? I’m very glad: Olga Ilyinskaya sings it beautifully. I'll introduce you - here's the voice, here's the singing! And what a charming child she is! . "
What is the role of the musical passage?
Has Oblomov found his poetic ideal of life? Where else is the “poetry of life” found in the novel?
Let's read the epigraph again. So why did everything die? (Oblomovshchina)
IV. Lesson summary.
Make a syncwine. (Slide 31)
(Variant of syncwine suggested by students:
Oblomov
- Serene, kind
- Lie down, sleep, dream
- It started with the inability to put on stockings, it ended with the inability to live
- Oblomovism)
How did Druzhinin speak about Oblomov?
(“Oblomov is a child, and not a trashy libertine, he is a sleepyhead, and not an immoral egoist or an epicurean from the times of decay. He is powerless for good, but he is positively incapable of evil deeds, pure in spirit, not perverted by everyday sophisms.”
“A child by nature and according to the conditions of his development, Ilya Ilyich largely left behind him the purity and simplicity of a child, precious qualities in an adult, qualities that in themselves often open up to us the realm of truth and at times place the inexperienced, dreamy eccentric above the prejudices of his age , and above the whole crowd of businessmen surrounding him:" (Slide 32))
On the board are the opinions of critics about Oblomov and Oblomovism. If you were writing an essay on the topic of the lesson, what words would you choose as the epigraph? Why?
(In addition to Druzhinin’s statements on the board, the words of I. Annensky: “What is he: a glutton? a sloth? a sissy? a contemplator? a reasoner? No: he, Oblomov, is the result of a long accumulation of heterogeneous impressions, thoughts, feelings, sympathies, doubts and self-reproaches:" (Slide 33)
D. Merezhkovsky: “Vulgarity, triumphing over purity of heart, love, ideals - this is the main tragedy of life for Goncharov.”
What new experience did you gain and what did you learn?
Have we answered the topic question? Have you achieved your goals? Conclusion?
V. Homework.
Write a review of a tenth grader's essay. (Essays for which reviews must be written are in