Story "Hot Snow"

“Hot Snow” by Yuri Bondarev, which appeared in 1969, after “Silence” and “Relatives,” took us back to the military events of the winter of 1942.

“Hot Snow,” if you compare it with the author’s previous novels and stories, is a new work in many respects. And above all, for a new sense of life and history. This novel arose and unfolded on a broader basis, which was reflected in the novelty and richness of its content, more ambitious and philosophically reflective, gravitating towards a new genre structure. And at the same time, it is part of the biography of the writer himself. Biography, understood as the continuity of human life and humanity.

Celebrated its 50th anniversary in 1995 great victory Russian people, victories in the Great Patriotic War. So many years have passed, but that memory cannot be erased great era, that great feat of the Russian people. More than 50 years have passed since then. Every year there is less and less less people, whose youth coincided with that terrible time, who had to live, love and defend the Motherland in the tragic “fateful forties”. Memories of those years are captured in many places. The events reflected in them do not allow us, modern readers, to forget the great feat of the people.*** “And the dawns here are quiet...” B. Vasilyeva, “Sashka” by B. Kondratyev, “Ivan” and “Zosya” by V. Bogomolov - in all these and many other wonderful books about the war, “war, trouble, dream and youth” are inseparably merged. Yu. Bondorev’s novel “Hot Snow” can also be placed in the same row.*** The action takes place in 1942. There are fierce battles near Stalingrad. At this turning point, the further course of the entire war is decided. Against the backdrop of global historical event the destinies of individual people are shown, the intricate interweaving of military valor, cowardice, love and the spiritual maturation of the heroes.***The author repeatedly emphasizes the youth of the fighters, their mustacheless faces, the fluff on a face that had never seen a razor, because General Bessonov’s army was formed from soldiers, for the first time going into battle. *** Youth is characterized by carelessness, dreams of heroism and glory. The son of General Bessonov, having graduated from the infantry school, was assigned to the active army. “Shining with crimson cubes, smartly creaking with a commander’s belt, a sword belt, all festive, happy, ceremonial, but, it seemed, somewhat like a toy,” he said with delight: “And now, thank God, to the front, they will give a company or a platoon - all graduates are given , - and real life will begin." But these dreams of glory and exploits are intruded by harsh reality. Army, cat. Viktor Bessonov served, was surrounded, and he was captured. The atmosphere of general distrust of prisoners, characteristic of that time, clearly speaks of Bessonov’s future son. The young man will die either in captivity or in a Soviet camp. *** No less tragic is the fate of the young soldier Sergunenkov. He is forced to carry out the senseless, impossible order of his commander Drozdovsky - to destroy the enemy self-propelled gun and go to certain death.*** “Comrade Lieutenant, I beg you,” he whispered with only his lips, “if anything happens to me... tell your mother: without lead, they say, I... She has no one else..." *** Sergunenkov was killed. *** Lieutenant Davlatyan, who together with Kuznetsov was sent straight from college to the front, also experienced sincere patriotic feelings. He confessed to a friend: “I so dreamed of getting to the front line, I so wanted to knock out at least one tank!” But he was wounded in the first minutes of the battle. A German tank completely crushed his platoon. “Everything with me is pointless, pointless. Why am I unlucky? Why am I unlucky?” - the naive boy cried. He regretted that he had not seen real combat. Kuznetsov, who had been holding back tanks all day, was mortally tired, and had turned gray in just one day, says to him: “I envy you, Goga.” During the day of the war, Kuznetsov became twenty years older. He saw the death of Kasymov and Sergunenkov, and remembered Zoya curled up in the snow.*** This battle united everyone: soldiers, commanders, generals. They all became close to each other in spirit. The threat of death and common cause blurred the boundaries between ranks. After the battle, Kuznetsov tiredly and calmly made a report to the general. “His voice, in accordance with the regulations, was still trying to gain an impassive and even strength; in his tone, in his gaze there was a gloomy, non-boyish seriousness, without a shadow of timidity in front of the general.” *** War is terrible, it dictates its cruel laws, breaks the destinies of people, but not everyone. When a person finds himself in extreme situations, he reveals himself unexpectedly and fully reveals himself as a person. War is a test of character. Perichem can manifest both good and bad traits, which in ordinary life invisible. *** The two main characters of the novel, Drozdovsky and Kuznetsov, underwent such a test in battle.*** Kuznetsov could not send his comrade under the bullets, while he himself remained in the shelter at that time, but shared the fate of the fighter Ukhanov, going with him to complete the task .*** Drozdovsky, having found himself in an unkind situation, could not step over his “I”. He sincerely dreamed of distinguishing himself in battle, of committing a heroic act, but at the decisive moment he chickened out, sending a soldier to his death - he had the right to order. And any excuses to comrades were meaningless.*** Along with a truthful depiction of everyday life at the front. The main thing in Yu. Bondarev’s novel is also the image spiritual world people, those subtle and difficult relationships, which develop in a front-line situation. Life is stronger than war, the heroes are young, they want to love and be loved.*** Drozdovsky and Kuznetsov fell in love with the same girl - medical instructor Zoya. But in Drozdovsky’s love there is more egoism than true feeling. And this was manifested in the episode when he orders Zoya, as part of a group of fighters, to go in search of frostbitten scouts. Zoya is mortally wounded, but Drozdovsky at this moment is not thinking about her, but about his life. Kuznetsov, while shelling the battery, covers it with his body. He will never forgive Drozdovsky for her senseless death.*** By truthfully depicting the war, the writer shows how hostile it is to life, love, human existence, especially youth. He wants all of us living in Peaceful time, felt more strongly how much courage and spiritual fortitude that war demanded from a person.

You need to know everything about the past war. We need to know what it was, and what immeasurable emotional burden the days of retreats and defeats were associated with for us, and what immeasurable happiness VICTORY was for us. We also need to know what sacrifices the war cost us, what destruction it brought, leaving wounds in the souls of people and on the body of the earth. There should not and cannot be oblivion in a matter such as this.

K. Simonov

Many years have passed since the victorious salvoes of the Great Patriotic War died down. And the further we move away from that war, from those harsh battles, the fewer heroes of that time remain alive, the more expensive and valuable the military chronicle that writers created and continue to create becomes. In their works they glorify the courage and heroism of our people, our valiant army, millions and millions of people who bore on their shoulders all the hardships of war and accomplished feats in the name of peace on Earth.

Above Soviet films Wonderful directors and screenwriters of their time worked about the war. They breathed into them pieces of their grief, their respect. These films are pleasant to watch because they put their soul into them, because the directors understood how important what they want to convey and show is. Generations grow up watching films about war, because each of these films is real lesson courage, conscience and valor.

In our research we want to compare the novel by Yu.V. Bondarev "Hot Snow"and G. Yegiazarov’s film “Hot Snow”

Target: compare the novel by Yu.V. Bondarev "Hot Snow"and G. Yegiazarov’s film “Hot Snow”.

Tasks:

Consider how the film conveys the text of the novel: plot, composition, depiction of events, characters;

Does our idea of ​​Kuznetsov and Drozdovsky coincide with the play of B. Tokarev and N. Eremenko;

What excited you more – the book or the movie?

Research methods:

Selection of text and visual materials on the topic of the project;

Systematization of material;

Presentation development.

Meta-subject educational- information skills:

Ability to extract information from different sources;

Ability to make a plan;

Ability to select material on a given topic;

Ability to compose written abstracts;

Ability to select quotes.

The novel “Hot Snow” was written by Bondarev in 1969. By this time the writer was already a recognized master Russian prose. He was inspired to create this work by his soldier’s memory:

« I remembered a lot that over the years I began to forget: the winter of 1942, the cold, the steppe, icy trenches, tank attacks, bombings, the smell of burning and burnt armor...

Of course, if I had not taken part in the battle that the 2nd Guards Army fought in the Volga steppes in the fierce December of 1942 with Manstein’s tank divisions, then perhaps the novel would have been somewhat different. Personal experience and the time that lay between that battle and work on the novel allowed me to write exactly this way and not otherwise ».

The novel tells the story of the epic Battle of Stalingrad, a battle that led to a radical turning point in the war. The idea of ​​Stalingrad becomes central in the novel.

The film "Hot Snow" (directed by Gavriil Egiazarov) is a film adaptation novel of the same name front-line writerYuri Vasilievich Bondarev. In the film “Hot Snow,” as in the novel, the tragedy of war and human life at the front are recreated with fearless truthfulness and depth. Debt and despair, love and death, a great desire to live and self-sacrifice in the name of the Motherland - everything is mixed up in a fierce battle, where the personal fates of soldiers, officers, medical instructor Tanya (in Zoya's novel) become a common fate. The sky and earth split apart from explosions and fire, even the snow seems hot in this battle...

The battle has not yet begun, and the viewer, as they say, feels with his skin the severe frost, and the impending anxiety before a close oncoming battle, and all the hardship of everyday soldier’s work... The battle scenes were especially successful - they are harsh, without unnecessary pyrotechnic effects, full of true drama. Here the cinematography is not so much beautiful, as is often the case in battle films, but rather courageously truthful. The fearless truth of the soldier's feat is the indisputable and important advantage of the picture.

One of the most important conflicts in the novel is the conflict between Kuznetsov and Drozdovsky. A lot of space is given to this conflict; it arises very abruptly and is easily traced from beginning to end. At first there is tension, going back into the background of the novel; incompatibility of characters, manners, temperaments, even style of speech: the soft, thoughtful Kuznetsov seems to find it difficult to endure Drozdovsky’s abrupt, commanding, indisputable speech. Long hours of battle, the senseless death of Sergunenkov, the mortal wound of Zoya, for which Drozdovsky was partly to blame - all this forms a gap between the two young officers, the moral incompatibility of their existences.

The film makes a successful attempt at psychological deepening, individualization of some characters, explores them moral issues. The figures of lieutenants Drozdovsky (N. Eremenko) and Kuznetsov (B. Tokarev) brought to the fore are separated not only by the dissimilarity of characters.

In the novel, their backstory meant a lot, the story about how Drozdovsky, with his “imperious expression on his thin pale face,” was the favorite of the combatant commanders at the school, and Kuznetsov did not stand out in anything special.

There is no place for backstory in the film, and the director, as they say, is on the move, on the march, separating the characters. The difference in their characters can be seen even in the way they give orders. Towering on a horse, tied with a belt, Drozdovsky is commandingly adamant and harsh. Kuznetsov, looking at the soldiers leaning against the carriage, lost in a short rest, hesitates with the command “rise.”

In the finale, this abyss is indicated even more sharply: the four surviving artillerymen consecrate their newly received orders in a soldier’s bowler hat. Drozdovsky also received the order, because for Bessonov, who awarded him, he is a survivor, a wounded commander of a surviving battery, the general does not know about Drozdovsky’s grave guilt and most likely will never know. This is also the reality of war. But it’s not for nothing that the writer leaves Drozdovsky aside from those gathered at the soldier’s cauldron.

In the film, we also see the wounded battalion commander standing apart from the fighters; perhaps he realized something for himself...

Probably the most mysterious thing in the world of human relationships in the novel is the love between Kuznetsov and Zoya. Having initially been deceived by Lieutenant Drozdovsky, the best cadet at that time, Zoya throughout the novel reveals herself to us as a moral, integral person, ready for self-sacrifice, capable of embracing with her heart the pain and suffering of many.

The film shows the emerging love between Kuznetsov and Tanya. The war, with its cruelty and blood, contributed to the rapid development of this feeling. After all, this love was formed in those short hours of march and battle, when there is no time for reflection and analysis of one’s experiences. And it all begins with Kuznetsov’s quiet, incomprehensible jealousy of the relationship between Tanya and Drozdovsky. After a short period of time, Kuznetsov is already bitterly mourning the dead girl. When Nikolai wiped his face wet from tears, snow covered his sleevethe quilted jacket was hot from his tears...

Conclusion: Bondarev’s novel became a work about heroism and courage, about inner beauty our contemporary, who defeated fascism in a bloody war. In “Hot Snow” there are no scenes that directly talk about love for the Motherland, and there are no such arguments. The heroes express love and hatred through their exploits, actions, courage, and amazing determination. This is probably what it is real love, and words mean little. Writers help us see how great things are accomplished from small things.

The film “Hot Snow” shows with cruel directness what a monstrous destruction war really is. The death of heroes on the eve of victory, the criminal inevitability of death, provokes a protest against the cruelty of the war and the forces that unleashed it.

The film is over 40 years old, many wonderful actors are no longer alive: G. Zhzhenov, N. Eremenko, V. Spiridonov, I. Ledogorov and others, but the film is remembered, people of different generations watch it with interest, it does not leave the audience indifferent, it reminds young people about bloody battles , teaches us to take care of a peaceful life.

Many years have passed since the victorious salvoes of the Great Patriotic War died down. Very soon (February 2, 2013) the country will celebrate the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad. And today time reveals to us new details, unforgettable facts and events of those heroic days. The further we move from those heroic days, the more valuable the military chronicle becomes.

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KOGV(S)OKU V(S)OSH at

FKU IK-17 Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia for the Kirov Region

Literature lesson at the All-Russian Internet Conference

"WHERE DOES THE RUSSIAN LAND COME FROM"

prepared

teacher of Russian language and literature

Honored Teacher of the Russian Federation

Vasenina Tamara Alexandrovna

Omutninsk - 2012

“Pages of the artistic chronicle of the Great Patriotic War using the example of Yu.V. Bondarev’s novel “Hot Snow”

(to the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad).

Goals:

1. Educational –understand the essence of the radical change that happened at the front during the Great Patriotic War; to arouse in students interest in literature on military topics, in the personality and work of Yu. Bondarev, in particular in the novel “Hot Snow”, to identify the position of the heroes of the novel in relation to the issue of heroism, creating a problematic situation, to encourage students to express their own point of view about life principles lieutenants Drozdovsky and Kuznetsov, etc. Show the spiritual quest of the main characters of the novel. Protest of a humanist writer against the violation of the natural human right to life.

2. Educational– show that the author’s attention is focused on human actions and states; help students realize the enormous relevance of works about war and the problems raised in them;to promote the formation of students’ own point of view in relation to such a concept as war; create situations in which students understand what disasters and destruction war brings, but when the fate of the Motherland is decided, then everyone takes up arms, then everyone stands up to defend it.

3. Developmental – developing skills in group work, public speaking, and the ability to defend one’s point of view.; continue to develop analysis skills work of art; continue to cultivate feelings of patriotism and pride for your country, your people.

Meta-subject educational- information skills:

Ability to extract information from different sources;

Ability to make a plan;

Ability to select material on a given topic;

Ability to compose written abstracts;

Ability to select quotes;

Ability to create tables.

Equipment: portrait of Yu.V. Bondarev, artistic texts. works, film fragments from G. Egiazarov’s film “Hot Snow”

Methodical techniques: Educational dialogue, elements role playing game, creating a problematic situation.

Epigraph on the board:

You need to know everything about the past war. We need to know what it was, and what immeasurable emotional burden the days of retreats and defeats were associated with for us, and what immeasurable happiness VICTORY was for us. We also need to know what sacrifices the war cost us, what destruction it brought, leaving wounds in the souls of people and on the body of the earth. There should not and cannot be oblivion in a matter such as this.

K. Simonov

Time spending: 90 minutes

Preparing for the lesson

Prepare messages:

1. The division’s path to Stalingrad (chapters 1 and 2);

2. Battle of the batteries (chapters 13 – 18);

3. Death of medical instructor Zoe (chapter 23);

4 Interrogation of German Major Erich Dietz (Chapter 25).

5. Two lieutenants.

6. General Bessonov.

7. Love in the novel “Hot Snow.”

DURING THE CLASSES

Teacher's opening speech

Many years have passed since the victorious salvoes of the Great Patriotic War died down. Very soon the country will celebrate the 70th anniversary of VICTORY in the Battle of STALINGRAD (February 2, 1943). But even today time reveals to us new details, unforgettable facts and events of those heroic days. And the further we move away from that war, from those harsh battles, the fewer heroes of that time remain alive, the more expensive and valuable the military chronicle that writers created and continue to create becomes. In their works they glorify the courage and heroism of our people, our valiant army, millions and millions of people who bore on their shoulders all the hardships of war and accomplished feats in the name of peace on Earth.

The Great Patriotic War required every person to exert all his mental and physical strength. Not only did it not cancel, but it made moral problems even more acute. After all, the clarity of goals and objectives in war should not serve as an excuse for any moral promiscuity. It did not free a person from the need to be fully responsible for his actions. Life in war is life with all its spiritual and moral problems and difficulties. The hardest thing at that time was for writers for whom the war was a real shock. They were filled with what they had seen and experienced, so they sought to truthfully show at what high price our victory over the enemy had come. Those writers who came to literature after the war, and during the testing years themselves fought on the front line, defended their right to the so-called “trench truth.” Their work was called “lieutenant prose.” The favorite genre of these writers is a lyrical story written in the first person, although not always strictly autobiographical, but thoroughly imbued with the author’s experiences and memories of his youth at the front. In their books to replace general plans, generalized pictures, panoramic reasoning, heroic pathos received a new experience. It consisted in the fact that the war was won not only by the headquarters and armies, in their collective meaning, but also by a simple soldier in a gray overcoat, a father, brother, husband, son. These works highlighted close-ups a man in war, his soul, which lived with the pain of his loved ones left behind, his faith in himself and his comrades. Of course, each writer had his own war, but everyday front-line experience had almost no differences. They were able to convey it to the reader in such a way that artillery cannonade and machine gun fire do not drown out groans and whispers, and in the gunpowder smoke and dust from exploding shells and mines one can see determination and fear, anguish and rage in the eyes of people. And these writers have one more thing in common - this is “memory of the heart,” a passionate desire to tell the truth about that war.

In another artistic manner tells about the heroic qualities of the people by Yu. Bondarev in the novel “Hot Snow”. This work is about the limitless possibilities of people for whom defense of the Motherland and a sense of duty are an organic need. The novel tells how, despite increasing difficulties and tension, the will to win strengthens in people. And every time it seems: this is the limit of human capabilities. But soldiers, officers, generals, exhausted from battles, insomnia, and constant nervous tension, find the strength to fight tanks again, go on the attack, and save their comrades.. (Serafimova V.D. Russian literature of the second half of the twentieth century. Educational minimum for applicants. - M.: graduate School, 2008. - p. 169..)

The history of the creation of the novel “Hot Snow”

(Student message)

The novel “Hot Snow” was written by Bondarev in 1969. By this time, the writer was already a recognized master of Russian prose. He was inspired to create this work by his soldier’s memory (read what is written in italics expressively):

« I remembered a lot that over the years I began to forget: the winter of 1942, the cold, the steppe, icy trenches, tank attacks, bombings, the smell of burning and burnt armor...

Of course, if I had not taken part in the battle that the 2nd Guards Army fought in the Volga steppes in the fierce December of 1942 with Manstein’s tank divisions, then perhaps the novel would have been somewhat different. Personal experience and the time that lay between that battle and work on the novel allowed me to write exactly this way and not otherwise.».

The novel tells the story of the epic Battle of Stalingrad, a battle that led to a radical turning point in the war. The idea of ​​Stalingrad becomes central in the novel. It tells the story of the grandiose battle of our troops with Manstein’s divisions trying to break through to the encircled group of Paulus. But the enemy encountered resistance that exceeded all human capabilities. Even now, those who were on the side of the Nazis in the last war remember the strength of spirit of Soviet soldiers with some kind of surprised respect. And it is not at all by chance that the already elderly retired Field Marshal Manstein refused to meet with the writer Yu. Bondarev, having learned that he was working on a book about the Battle of Stalingrad.

Bondarev's novel became a work about heroism and courage, about the inner beauty of our contemporary, who defeated fascism in a bloody war. Talking about the creation of the novel “Hot Snow,” Yu. Bondarev defined the concept of heroism in war as follows:

« It seems to me that heroism is the constant overcoming in one’s consciousness of doubts, uncertainty, and fear. Imagine: frost, icy wind, one cracker for two, frozen grease in the shutters of the machine guns; fingers in frosty mittens do not bend from the cold; anger at the cook who was late to the front line; disgusting sucking in the pit of the stomach at the sight of Junkers entering a dive; the death of comrades... And in a minute you have to go into battle, towards everything hostile that wants to kill you. The whole life of a soldier is compressed into these moments, these minutes - to be or not to be, this is the moment of overcoming oneself. This is “quiet” heroism, seemingly hidden from prying eyes. Heroism in yourself. But he determined victory in the last war, because millions fought.”

Let us turn to the title of the novel “Hot Snow”

In one interview, Yu. Bondarev noted that the title of a book is the most difficult link in creative search, because the first feeling is born in the reader’s soul from the title of the novel. The title of the novel is short expression his ideas. The title “Hot Snow” is symbolic and multi-valued. The novel was originally titled Days of Mercy.

What episodes help you understand the title of the novel?

What is the meaning of the title “Hot Snow?”

At home you should have picked up episodes that would help reveal ideological plan writer.

Prepared students give a message.

Let's revisit these episodes:

1. the division’s path to Stalingrad (chapters 1 and 2);

(Bessonov's formed army is urgently transferred to Stalingrad. The train rushed through fields covered with white clouds, “the low, rayless sun hung above them like a heavy crimson ball.” Outside the window there are waves of endless snowdrifts, morning peace, silence: “The roofs of the village sparkled under the sun, the low windows covered with lush snowdrifts flashed like mirrors.” A trio of Messerschmitts dived onto the train. Sparkling snow, which until recently amazed with its purity, becomes an enemy: on a white boundless field, soldiers in gray greatcoats and sheepskin coats are defenseless).

2. battle of the batteries (chapters 13 – 18);

(The burning snow emphasizes the scale and tragedy of the battle, which is just an episode great battle on the Volga, the infinity of human possibilities when the fate of the Motherland is being decided. Everything was distorted, scorched, motionless and dead. “... lightning seconds instantly erased from the ground everyone who was here, the people of his platoon, whom he had not yet managed to recognize as human beings... Snow pellets covered white islands, and “Kuznetsov was amazed at this indifferent disgusting whiteness of the snow.”

3. death of medical instructor Zoe (chapter 23);

(After the death of Zoya Elagina, Kuznetsov, instead of the joy of a person who survived, experiences a persistent feeling of guilt: snow grains rustle, a snow-covered mound with a sanitary bag turns white... It seemed to Kuznetsov that Zoya would now come out of the darkness, the blackness of her eyes would sparkle because of the fringe of frost on eyelashes, and she will say in a whisper: “Grasshopper, you and I dreamed that I died”... something hot and bitter moved in his throat... He cried so lonely, sincerely and desperately for the first time in his life, and when he wiped his face, the snow on the sleeve of the quilted jacket was hot from tears.” The snow becomes hot from the depth of human feeling.)

4 interrogation of German major Erich Dietz (chapter 25).

(Major Dietz arrived from France a week and a half before the Battle of Stalingrad. The endless Russian expanses seemed to him like dozens of Frances.” He was frightened by the empty winter steppes and the endless snow. “France is sun, south, joy...” says Major Dietz. “And the snow is burning in Russia”

Two Lieutenants (Analysis of the episode and film fragment)

CONCLUSION. One of the most important conflicts in the novel is the conflict between Kuznetsov and Drozdovsky. A lot of space is given to this conflict; it is exposed very sharply and can be easily traced from beginning to end. At first there is tension, going back into the background of the novel; inconsistency of characters, manners, temperaments, even style of speech: the soft, thoughtful Kuznetsov seems to find it difficult to endure Drozdovsky’s abrupt, commanding, indisputable speech. Long hours of battle, the senseless death of Sergunenkov, the mortal wound of Zoya, for which Drozdovsky was partly to blame - all this forms a gap between the two young officers, the moral incompatibility of their existences.

In the finale, this abyss is indicated even more sharply: the four surviving artillerymen consecrate the newly received orders in a soldier’s bowler hat, and the sip that each of them takes is, first of all, a funeral sip - it contains bitterness and grief of loss. Drozdovsky also received the order, because for Bessonov, who awarded him, he is a survivor, a wounded commander of a surviving battery, the general does not know about Drozdovsky’s grave guilt and most likely will never know. This is also the reality of war. But it’s not for nothing that the writer leaves Drozdovsky aside from those gathered at the soldier’s cauldron.

Two commanders (analysis of the episode and viewing of the film fragment)

THE THEME OF LOVE in the novel. (Student's message and analysis of the film fragment)

Probably the most mysterious thing in the world of human relationships in the novel is the love that arises between Kuznetsov and Zoya.

The war, its cruelty and blood, its timing, overturning the usual ideas about time - it was precisely this that contributed to such a rapid development of this love. After all, this feeling developed in those short hours of march and battle, when there is no time to think and analyze one’s feelings. And it all begins with Kuznetsov’s quiet, incomprehensible jealousy of the relationship between Zoya and Drozdovsky. And soon - so little time passes - Kuznetsov is already bitterly mourning the dead Zoya, andIt is from these lines that the title of the novel is taken, when Kuznetsov wiped his face wet from tears, “the snow on the sleeve of his quilted jacket was hot from his tears.”

Having initially been deceived by Lieutenant Drozdovsky, the best cadet at that time, Zoya throughout the novel reveals herself to us as a moral, integral person, ready for self-sacrifice, capable of embracing with her heart the pain and suffering of many. She seems to go through many tests, from annoying interest to rude rejection. But her kindness, her patience and compassion are enough for everyone, she is truly a sister to the soldiers. The image of Zoya somehow imperceptibly filled the atmosphere of reality with the feminine principle, affection and tenderness.

Hot Snow (poem dedicated to Yuri Bondarev) Viewing the last frames of G. Egiazarov’s film, where the song “Hot Snow” to the words of M. Lvov is heard or read by a trained student.

A minute of silence. Reading the text (prepared student)

From a message from the Sovinformburo.

Today, February 2, the troops of the Don Front have completely completed the liquidation Nazi troops surrounded in the Stalingrad area. Our troops broke the resistance of the enemy, surrounded north of Stalingrad, and forced him to lay down his arms. The last center of enemy resistance in the Stalingrad area was crushed. On February 2, 1943, the historic battle of Stalingrad ended with the complete victory of our troops.

The divisions entered Stalingrad.

The city was covered in deep snow.

The desert smelled from the stone masses,

From ashes and stone ruins.

The dawn was like an arrow -

She broke through the clouds over the hillocks.

Explosions threw up rubble and ash,

And the echo answered them with thunder.

Forward, guardsmen!

Hello, Stalingrad!

(In Kondratenko’s “Morning of VICTORY”)

RESULT OF THE LESSON

Bondarev's novel became a work about heroism and courage, about the inner beauty of our contemporary, who defeated fascism in a bloody war. Yu. Bondarev defined the concept of heroism in war as follows:

“It seems to me that heroism is the constant overcoming in one’s consciousness of doubts, uncertainty, and fear. Imagine: frost, icy wind, one cracker for two, frozen grease in the shutters of the machine guns; fingers in frosty mittens do not bend from the cold; anger at the cook who was late to the front line; disgusting sucking in the pit of the stomach at the sight of Junkers entering a dive; the death of comrades... And in a minute you have to go into battle, towards everything hostile that wants to kill you. The whole life of a soldier is compressed into these moments, these minutes - to be or not to be, this is the moment of overcoming oneself. This is “quiet” heroism, seemingly hidden from prying eyes. Heroism in yourself. But he determined victory in the last war, because millions fought.”

In “Hot Snow” there are no scenes that directly talk about love for the Motherland, and there are no such arguments. The heroes express love and hatred through their exploits, actions, courage, and amazing determination. They do things they didn't even expect from themselves. This is probably true love, and words mean little. The war described by Bondarev is acquiring a nationwide character. She doesn’t spare anyone: neither women, nor children, that’s why everyone came to the defense. Writers help us see how great things are accomplished from small things. Emphasize the importance of what happened

Years will pass and the world will become different. People's interests, passions, and ideals will change. And then the works of Yu. V. Bondarev will again be read in a new way. True literature never gets old.

Addition to the lesson.

COMPARE the novel by Yu.V. Bondarev and the film by G. Egiazarov “Hot Snow”

How is the text of the novel conveyed in the film: plot, composition, depiction of events, characters?

Does your idea of ​​Kuznetsov and Drozdovsky coincide with the play of B. Tokarev and N. Eremenko?

What is interesting about G. Zhzhenov in the role of Bessonov?

What were you more excited about - the book or the movie?

Write a mini-essay “My impressions of the film and book.”

(It was suggested to watch the film “Hot Snow” in its entirety 6.12 on Channel 5)

Composition “My family during the Great Patriotic War” (optional)

List of used literature

1. Bondarev Yu. Hot snow. - M.: “Military Publishing House”, 1984.

2. Bykov V.V., Vorobiev K.D., Nekrasov V.P. The Great Patriotic War in Russian literature. - M.: AST, Astrel, 2005.

3. Buznik V.V. About the early prose of Yuri Bondarev, “Literature at school”, No. 3, 1995 The Great Patriotic War in Russian literature. - M.: AST, Astrel, Harvest, 2009.

4. Wreath of glory. T. 4. Battle of Stalingrad, M. “Sovremennik”, 1987.

5. Kuzmichev I. “The pain of memory. Great Patriotic War in Soviet literature", Gorky, Volgo-Vyatka book publishing house, 1985

6. Kozlov I. Yuri Bondarev (Strokes creative portrait), magazine “Literature at School” No. 4, 1976 pp. 7-18

7. Literature of great feat. The Great Patriotic War in Soviet literature. Issue 4. - M.: Fiction. Moscow, 1985

8.. Serafimova V.D. Russian literature of the second half of the twentieth century. Educational minimum for applicants. - M.: Higher School, 2008.

9. Article by Panteleeva L.T. “Works about the Great Patriotic War in the classroom extracurricular reading", magazine "Literature at school". Number unknown.

Image of Kuznetsov

in the novel by Yu. Bondarev “Hot Snow”

Performed
11B grade student
Kozhasova Indira

Almaty, 2003

Yuri Bondarev’s novel “Hot Snow” is interesting in the sense that it presents various “environments” of the army: headquarters, headquarters, soldiers and officers in a firing position. The work has a wide spatial plan and a very compressed artistic time. One day of the most difficult battle waged by Drozdovsky’s battery became the epicenter of the novel.

And army commander General Bessonov, and member of the military council Vesnin, and division commander Colonel Deev, and platoon commander Kuznetsov, and sergeants, and soldiers Ukhanov, Rybin, Nechaev, and medical instructor Zoya are united by the implementation the most important task: do not allow Nazi troops to reach Stalingrad to help the encircled army of Paulus.

Drozdovsky and Kuznetsov finished the same thing military school, at the same time. They fought together, and both received orders from Bessonov. However, in his human essence, Kuznetsov is much higher than Drozdovsky. He is somehow more sincere, trusts people more. Kuznetsov, even when forced to order firmly and categorically, remains a Man in critical moments of the battle. In him, eighteen years old, the paternal principle that forms a real commander is already emerging. With all his thoughts he watches over his comrades. Having forgotten himself, in battle he loses the feeling of heightened danger and fear of tanks, of wounds and death. For Drozdovsky, war is the path to heroism or heroic death. His desire not to forgive anything has nothing to do with the wise demands and forced ruthlessness of General Bessonov. Speaking about his readiness to die, but not retreat in the upcoming battle, Drozdovsky did not lie, did not pretend, but said it with a little excessive pathos! He is not bothered by his formal, heartless attitude towards his home and comrades. Drozdovsky's moral inferiority is especially impressively revealed in the scene of the death of the young soldier Sergunenkov. No matter how hard Kuznetsov tried to explain to Drozdovsky that his order to crawl a hundred meters across an open field and blow up a self-propelled gun with a grenade was cruel and senseless, he failed. Drozdovsky uses his right to send people to their death to the end. Sergunenkov has no choice but to carry out this impossible order and die. Breaking military chain of command, Kuznetsov sharply throws it in Drozdovsky’s face: “There’s another grenade in the niche, do you hear? The last one. If I were you, I would take a grenade for the self-propelled gun. Sergunenkov couldn’t, can you?!” Drozdovsky did not stand the test of power, did not realize that the right given to him presupposes a deep understanding of his sacred responsibility for the lives of the people entrusted to him.

According to Lieutenant General Bessonov, life in war is “every day, every minute... overcoming oneself.” The Russian soldier overcame all the hardships and hardships of that time on his own, sometimes without thinking about his own life. Here are the thoughts of Lieutenant Kuznetsov in Yuri Bondarev’s novel “Hot Snow”:

“This is disgusting impotence... We need to take panoramas! Am I afraid to die? Why am I afraid to die? A shrapnel to the head... Am I afraid of a shrapnel to the head? No, I’ll jump out of the trench now.”

Every Soviet soldier overcame the fear of his own death. Lieutenant Kuznetsov called this impotence. The Russian soldier's contempt for this fear during battle suppressed him. Perhaps this is a feature of the Slavic soul. But it is overcoming oneself that is the most difficult test in war. Neither enemy columns of tanks, nor the roar of bombers, nor the voice of German infantry - nothing is as scary in war as your own fear of death. The Russian soldier overcame this feeling.

“I’m going crazy,” thought Kuznetsov, feeling this hatred of his possible death, this unity with the weapon, this fever of rage, similar to a challenge, and only at the edge of his consciousness understanding what he was doing. “Bastards! Bastards! I hate it! - he shouted over the roar of the gun

At these moments, he believed only in the accuracy of the crosshairs, groping the sides of the tanks, in his destructive hatred, which he felt again, clinging to the gun.

Hatred of death, rabid fever, unity with the weapon - this is the state of Lieutenant Kuznetsov after overcoming his fear. He appears to us as a “machine”, almost insane, but capable of fighting and solving command problems. Is this not what Lieutenant General Bessonov demanded? Yes... This is the state of a Russian soldier in which he can accomplish the impossible, contrary to all military logic and common sense.

War is a very difficult and cruel time for every person. Russian generals had to sacrifice not only themselves, but also other lives. Each military leader bore responsibility for his actions, since the existence of entire nations depended on it. Very often, army commanders gave cruel orders. Here is the order of Lieutenant General Bessonov:

“For everyone without exception, there can be one objective reason for leaving positions - death.”

Only at the cost of their own lives could Russian soldiers save Russia. This is a very high price to pay for victory! After all, the exact number of deaths is still not known. Soviet people showed mass heroism in the name of victory, freedom, and independence of their homeland.

He belongs to the glorious galaxy of front-line soldiers who, having survived the war, reflected its essence in bright and complete novels. The authors took the images of their heroes from real life. And the events that we calmly perceive from the pages of books in peacetime happened for them with their own eyes. The summary of “Hot Snow,” for example, is the horror of bombing, the whistling of stray bullets, and frontal tank and infantry attacks. Even now, reading about this, an ordinary peaceful person is plunged into the abyss of the dark and menacing events of that time.

Front-line writer

Bondarev is one of the recognized masters of this genre. When you read the works of such authors, you are inevitably amazed at the realism of the lines that reflect various aspects of the difficult military life. After all, he himself went through a difficult front-line path, starting at Stalingrad and ending in Czechoslovakia. That's why novels make such a strong impression. They amaze with the brightness and truthfulness of the plot.

One of the bright, emotional works that Bondarev created, “Hot Snow,” just tells about such simple but immutable truths. The title of the story itself speaks volumes. There is no hot snow in nature; it melts under the sun's rays. However, in the work he is hot from the blood shed in heavy battles, from the number of bullets and shrapnel that fly into brave fighters, from the unbearable hatred of Soviet soldiers of any rank (from private to marshal) towards the German invaders. Bondarev created such a stunning image.

War is not only a battle

The story “Hot Snow” (the summary, of course, does not convey all the liveliness of the style and the tragedy of the plot) provides some answers to the moral and psychological literary lines begun in the author’s earlier works, such as “Battalions Ask for Fire” and “The Last Salvos.”

Like no one else, when telling the cruel truth about that war, Bondarev does not forget about the manifestation of ordinary human feelings and emotions. “Hot Snow” (analysis of his images surprises with the lack of categoricalness) is just an example of such a combination of black and white. Despite the tragedy of the military events, Bondarev makes it clear to the reader that even in war there are completely peaceful feelings of love, friendship, elementary human hostility, stupidity and betrayal.

Fierce battles near Stalingrad

Retelling the summary of “Hot Snow” is quite difficult. The action of the story takes place near Stalingrad, the city where the Red Army, in fierce battles, finally broke the back of the German Wehrmacht. A little south of the blocked 6th Army of Paulus, the Soviet command creates a powerful defensive line. The artillery barrier and the infantry attached to it must stop another “strategist”, Manstein, who is rushing to the rescue of Paulus.

As we know from history, it was Paulus who was the creator and inspirer of the infamous Barbarossa plan. And for obvious reasons, Hitler could not allow an entire army, especially one led by one of the best theoreticians of the German General Staff, to be surrounded. Therefore, the enemy spared no effort and resources in order to break through an operational passage for the 6th Army from the encirclement created by the Soviet troops.

Bondarev wrote about these events. “Hot Snow” tells about the battles on a tiny patch of land, which, according to Soviet intelligence, has become “tank dangerous.” A battle is about to take place here, which may decide the outcome of the Battle of the Volga.

Lieutenants Drozdovsky and Kuznetsov

The army under the command of Lieutenant General Bessonov receives the task of blocking enemy tank columns. It includes the artillery unit described in the story, commanded by Lieutenant Drozdovsky. Even a brief summary of “Hot Snow” cannot be left without describing the image of a young commander who has just received the rank of officer. It should be mentioned that even at school Drozdovsky was in good standing. Disciplines were easy, and his stature and natural military bearing pleased the eyes of any combat commander.

The school was located in Aktyubinsk, from where Drozdovsky went straight to the front. Together with him, another graduate of the Aktobe Artillery School, Lieutenant Kuznetsov, was assigned to the same unit. By coincidence, Kuznetsov received command of a platoon of the very same battery commanded by Lieutenant Drozdovsky. Surprised by the vicissitudes of military fate, Lieutenant Kuznetsov reasoned philosophically - his career was just beginning, and this was far from his last assignment. It would seem, what kind of career is there when there is war all around? But even such thoughts visited the people who became the prototypes of the heroes of the story “Hot Snow.”

The summary should be supplemented by the fact that Drozdovsky immediately dotted the i’s: he was not going to remember the cadet era, where both lieutenants were equal. Here he is the battery commander, and Kuznetsov is his subordinate. At first, calmly reacting to such life metamorphoses, Kuznetsov begins to quietly grumble. He doesn’t like some of Drozdovsky’s orders, but, as is known, discussing orders in the army is prohibited, and therefore the young officer has to come to terms with current situation of things. Part of this irritation was facilitated by the obvious attention to the commander of the medical instructor Zoya, who deep down in his soul Kuznetsov himself liked.

Motley crew

Focusing on the problems of his platoon, the young officer completely dissolves in them, studying the people he was to command. The people in Kuznetsov’s platoon were mixed. What images did Bondarev describe? “Hot Snow,” a brief summary of which will not convey all the subtleties, describes in detail the stories of the fighters.

For example, Sergeant Ukhanov also studied at the Aktobe Artillery School, but due to a stupid misunderstanding he did not receive officer rank. Upon arrival at the unit, Drozdovsky began to look down on him, considering him unworthy of the title of Soviet commander. Lieutenant Kuznetsov, on the contrary, perceived Ukhanov as an equal, maybe because of petty revenge against Drozdovsky, or maybe because Ukhanov was really a good artilleryman.

Another subordinate of Kuznetsov, Private Chibisov, already had a rather sad combat experience. The unit where he served was surrounded, and the private himself was captured. And gunner Nechaev, a former sailor from Vladivostok, amused everyone with his uncontrollable optimism.

Tank strike

While the battery was moving towards the designated line, and its fighters were getting acquainted and getting used to each other, in strategic terms the situation at the front changed dramatically. This is how events develop in the story “Hot Snow”. A brief summary of Manstein’s operation to liberate the encircled 6th Army can be conveyed as follows: a concentrated tank attack end-to-end between two Soviet armies. The fascist command entrusted this task to the master of tank breakthroughs. The operation had a loud name - “Winter Thunderstorm”.

The blow was unexpected and therefore quite successful. The tanks entered the two armies end-to-end and penetrated 15 km into the Soviet defensive formations. General Bessonov receives a direct order to localize the breakthrough in order to prevent tanks from entering the operational space. To do this, Bessonov’s army is being reinforced with a tank corps, making it clear to the army commander that this is the last reserve of Headquarters.

The Last Frontier

The line to which Drozdovsky’s battery advanced was the last. It is here that the main events about which the work “Hot Snow” is written will take place. Arriving at the scene, the lieutenant receives orders to dig in and prepare to repel a possible tank attack.

The army commander understands that Drozdovsky’s reinforced battery is doomed. The more optimistic divisional commissar Vesnin disagrees with the general. He believes that thanks to their high morale, Soviet soldiers will survive. A dispute arises between the officers, as a result of which Vesnin goes to the front line to encourage the soldiers preparing for battle. Old General does not really trust Vesnin, deep down considering his presence at the command post to be unnecessary. But he has no time to conduct psychological analysis.

“Hot Snow” continues with the fact that the battle at the battery began with a massive bomber raid. The first time they come under bombs, most of the soldiers are afraid, including Lieutenant Kuznetsov. However, having pulled himself together, he realizes that this is only a prelude. Very soon he and Lieutenant Drozdovsky will have to put all the knowledge they were given at school into practice.

Heroic Efforts

Self-propelled guns soon appeared. Kuznetsov, together with his platoon, courageously takes on the battle. He is afraid of death, but at the same time he feels disgust for it. Even a brief summary of “Hot Snow” allows you to understand the tragedy of the situation. The tank destroyers sent shell after shell at their enemies. However, the forces were not equal. After some time, all that was left of the entire battery was one serviceable gun and a handful of soldiers, including both officers and Ukhanov.

There were fewer and fewer shells, and the soldiers began to use bunches of anti-tank grenades. When attempting to blow up a German self-propelled gun, young Sergunenkov dies, following Drozdovsky’s order. Kuznetsov, throwing away his chain of command in the heat of battle, accuses him of the senseless death of a fighter. Drozdovsky takes the grenade himself, trying to prove that he is not a coward. However, Kuznetsov holds him back.

And even in battle there are conflicts

What does Bondarev write about next? “Hot snow,” a brief summary of which we present in the article, continues with the breakthrough of German tanks through Drozdovsky’s battery. Bessonov, seeing the desperate situation of Colonel Deev’s entire division, is in no hurry to bring his tank reserve into battle. He does not know whether the Germans used their reserves.

And the battle was still going on at the battery. Medical instructor Zoya dies senselessly. This makes a very strong impression on Lieutenant Kuznetsov, and he again accuses Drozdovsky of the stupidity of his orders. And the surviving fighters are trying to get hold of ammunition on the battlefield. The lieutenants, taking advantage of the relative calm, organize assistance to the wounded and prepare for new battles.

Tank reserve

Just at this moment, the long-awaited reconnaissance returns, which confirms that the Germans have brought all their reserves into battle. The soldier is sent to the observation post of General Bessonov. The army commander, having received this information, orders his last reserve, the tank corps, to enter the battle. To speed up his exit, he sends Deev towards the unit, but he, running into German infantry, dies with weapons in his hands.

It was a complete surprise for Hoth, as a result of which the breakthrough of German forces was localized. Moreover, Bessonov receives orders to develop his success. The strategic plan was a success. The Germans pulled all their reserves to the site of Operation Winter Storm and lost them.

Hero Awards

Watching the tank attack from his OP, Bessonov is surprised to notice a single gun, which is also firing at German tanks. The general is shocked. Not believing his eyes, he takes out all the awards from the safe and, together with his adjutant, goes to the position of Drozdovsky’s destroyed battery. “Hot Snow” is a novel about the unconditional masculinity and heroism of people. That, regardless of their regalia and ranks, a person must fulfill his duty without worrying about rewards, especially since they themselves find heroes.

Bessonov is amazed at the resilience of a handful of people. Their faces were smoked and burned. There are no insignia visible. The army commander silently took the Order of the Red Banner and distributed it to all the survivors. Kuznetsov, Drozdovsky, Chibisov, Ukhanov and an unknown infantryman received high awards.